Sleep duration has been associated with dementia and stroke. Few studies have evaluated sleep pattern–related outcomes of brain disease in diverse Hispanics/Latinos.

The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) Private Partners Scientific Board (PPSB) encompasses members from industry, biotechnology, diagnostic, and non-profit organizations that have until recently been managed by the Foundation for the National Institutes of Health (FNIH) and provided financial and scientific support to ADNI programs. In this article, we review some of the major activities

Visual search impairment is a potential cognitive marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI). The aim of this study is to compare eye movements during visual tracking in AD and aMCI patients versus healthy controls (HCs).

We investigated the effectiveness of a multidomain intervention to preserve cognitive function in older adults at risk for dementia in Germany in a cluster-randomized trial.

Cranial computed tomography (CT) is an affordable and widely available imaging modality that is used to assess structural abnormalities, but not to quantify neurodegeneration. Previously we developed a deep-learning–based model that produced accurate and robust cranial CT tissue classification.

Experimental models are essential tools in neurodegenerative disease research. However, the translation of insights and drugs discovered in model systems has proven immensely challenging, marred by high failure rates in human clinical trials.

Human data suggest susceptibility and resilience to features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) such as microglia activation and synaptic dysfunction are under genetic control. However, causal relationships between these processes, and how genomic diversity modulates them remain systemically underexplored in mouse models.

The timing of educational attainment may modify its effects on late-life cognition, yet most studies evaluate education only at a single time point.

Background Older adults reporting higher energy levels have better physical function. It is not known if these associations persist among older adults reporting fatigue or if higher energy is associated with cognitive function. We examined longitudinal associations between self-reported energy, gait speed, and cognition, stratified by fatigue, in 2,613 participants (aged 74.6 ± 2.87 years) in the Health

Dementia is an emergent health priority for Indigenous peoples worldwide, yet little is known about disease drivers and protective factors.

Background Intraoperative hypotension is a risk factor for perioperative adverse outcomes and highly prevalent in older patients. Frailty has been associated with hemodynamic instability but its impact on postinduction hypotension is unclear. Therefore, we assessed the association between frailty and postinduction hypotension in older patients. Methods We retrospectively evaluated electronic medical

Studies suggest distinct differences in the development, presentation, progression, and response to treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD) between females and males. We investigated sex differences in cognition, neuroimaging, and fluid biomarkers in dominantly inherited AD (DIAD).

The National Institute on Aging – Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA) ATN research framework proposes to use biomarkers for amyloid (A), tau (T), and neurodegeneration (N) to stage individuals with AD pathological features and track changes longitudinally. The overall aim was to utilize this framework to characterize pre-mortem ATN status longitudinally in a clinically diagnosed cohort of dementia with

White matter hyperintensities (WMHs) are associated with cognitive decline and progression to mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and dementia. It remains unclear if sex differences influence WMH progression or the relationship between WMH and cognition.

Background Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the early stage of AD, and about 10–12% of MCI patients will progress to AD every year. At present, there are no effective markers for the early diagnosis of whether MCI patients will progress to AD. This study aimed to develop machine learning-based models for predicting the progression from MCI to AD within 3 years, to assist in screening and prevention

Background Care home residents transitioning from hospital are at risk of receiving poor-quality care with their safety being challenged by the SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) pandemic. Little is known about how care home staff worked with hospital staff and other healthcare professionals to address these challenges and make improvements to increase patient safety. Objective To gain insight into how the

Background Plant-based dietary patterns are increasingly popular in western countries and are supported by many governments and health organisations for their potential beneficial role in the prevention of chronic diseases. Yet, the potential role of plant-based dietary patterns in the development of dementia remains unclear. Objective To evaluate the association between plant-based dietary patterns

Background Although liaison services in acute hospitals are now the norm, the reverse is not usually available for patients in mental health trusts. Following the introduction of support from geriatricians to older people’s mental health inpatient wards, we wanted to see if this intervention was effective and acceptable to clinicians. Methods We performed a retrospective cohort service evaluation on

Introduction Anticholinergic medications block the neurotransmitter acetylcholine in the brain and peripheral nervous system. Many medications have anticholinergic properties, and the cumulative effect of these medications is termed anticholinergic burden. Increased anticholinergic burden can have short-term side effects such as dry mouth, blurred vision and urinary retention as well as long-term effects

Background There is evidence that community-based palliative care programmes can improve patient outcomes and caregiver experiences cost-effectively. However, little is known about which specific components within these programmes contribute to improving the outcomes. Aim To systematically review research that evaluates the effectiveness of community-based palliative care components. Design A systematic

Background Age is the greatest risk factor for lower urinary tract symptoms attributed to benign prostatic hyperplasia (LUTS/BPH). While LUTS/BPH can be managed with pharmacotherapy, treatment failure has been putatively attributed to numerous pathological features of BPH (e.g., prostatic fibrosis, inflammation). Mitochondrial dysfunction is a hallmark of aging, however its impact on the pathological

The secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) gene expressed by CD11c+ cells is known to be associated with microglia activation and neuroinflammatory diseases. As most studies rely on mouse models, we investigated these genes and proteins in the cortical brain tissue of older adults and their role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders.

This study examined the relationship between blood-brain-barrier permeability (BBBp), measured by cerebrospinal fluid/serum albumin ratio (QAlb), and cognitive decline progression in a clinical cohort.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia1 and is characterized by the deposition of amyloid plaques and tau neurofibrillary tangles in the brain, which are thought to initiate a cascade leading to progressive neurodegeneration and cognitive impairment. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved lecanemab after it was demonstrated to slow cognitive decline in

There is evidence that health care utilization increases after incident dementia, particularly after dementia diagnosis and toward the end of life; however, less is known about utilization in the years before dementia identification.

Aging of the organism is associated diminished response to external stimuli including weakened immune function, resulting in diseases that impair health and lifespan. Several dietary restriction modalities have been reported to improve health and lifespan in different animal models, but it is unknown whether any of the lifespan extending dietary treatment could be combined to achieve an additive effect

Background This study aims to examine temporal trends in frailty state transitions, and years spent frail, in older Swedish adults. Methods We followed the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Kungsholmen participants from baseline (2001–2004) for 15 (median: 9.6) years. A 40-deficit frailty index (FI) was constructed to identify 3 frailty states: robust (FI ≤ 0.125), mild frailty (0.125 < FI

Cellular senescence is a biological aging process that is exacerbated by obesity and leads to inflammation and age- and obesogenic-driven chronic diseases including type 2 diabetes. Caloric restriction (CR) may improve metabolic function in part by reducing cellular senescence and the pro-inflammatory senescence-associated phenotype (SASP). We conducted an ancillary investigation of an 18-week randomized

Background Consistent and reproducible estimates of the underlying true level of frailty are essential for risk stratification and monitoring of health changes. The purpose of this study is to examine the reliability of the frailty index (FI). Methods 426 community-dwelling older adults from the FRequent health Assessment In Later life (FRAIL70+) study in Austria were interviewed biweekly up to 7 times

Background Falls are a common cause of injury, hospitalisation, functional decline, and residential care admission among older adults. Cardiovascular disorders are recognised risk factors for falls. This systematic review assesses the association between cardiovascular disorders and falls in older adults. Methods Systematic searches were conducted on MEDLINE and EMBASE, encompassing all literature

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, age-related neurodegenerative disorder that affects a large proportion of the elderly population. It currently lacks effective treatments, placing a heavy burden on patients, families, healthcare systems, and society. This is mainly due to our limited comprehension of the pathophysiology of AD progression, as well as the lack of effective drug targets and

The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) aims to improve Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials. Since 2006, ADNI has shared clinical, neuroimaging, and cognitive data, and biofluid samples. We used conventional search methods to identify 1459 publications from 2021 to 2022 using ADNI data/samples and reviewed 291 impactful studies. This review details how ADNI studies improved disease