Diet plays a critical role in the prevention and treatment of cognitive impairment, yet dietary intake in patients with cognitive impairment in China remains insufficiently studied.

Baseline and longitudinal characteristics of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) growth-associated protein 43 (GAP-43) and plasma neurofilament light (NfL) and how they correlate interactively with neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD) are not fully understood.

INTRODUCTIONThe societal impact of anti‐amyloid treatment (AAT) for Alzheimer's disease (AD) depends largely on patient eligibility. Estimates suggest that 1% to 18% of individuals with AD may qualify for AAT; however, data from everyday clinical practice remain limited. This study assessed AAT eligibility in patients at a tertiary memory clinic.METHODSWe included 1309 new patients (63 ± 8 years, 45%

INTRODUCTIONDiffusion magnetic resonance imaging studies investigating Down syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have mainly relied on white matter (WM) skeleton‐based techniques, potentially overlooking broader WM architecture.METHODWe applied diffusion tensor–based morphometry (D‐TBM), a novel whole‐volume WM registration technique, to characterize WM properties in DS. Between‐ and within‐group

INTRODUCTIONWe evaluated the independent and combined efficacies of MindMoves (24‐week physical activity and cognitive training) on cognition and serum neurotrophic biomarkers in older women with cardiovascular disease (CVD).METHODSThis 2 × 2 factorial design randomized controlled trial (NCT04556305) tested efficacies of Mind (cognitive training) and Move (lifestyle physical activity) on change in

INTRODUCTIONMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for dementia diagnosis and a pre‐requisite for amyloid‐lowering therapies in Alzheimer's disease. Despite guidelines, many patients never undergo MRI due to limited scanner availability. Shorter scan times would reduce costs and patient burden. We developed and tested a fast MRI protocol incorporating highly accelerated sequences.METHODSWe compared

INTRODUCTIONThe locus coeruleus (LC), the brain's primary source of noradrenaline (NA), undergoes early neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's diseases (AD), and Down syndrome (DS); however, differences have not been examined in parallel.METHODSPost mortem brains (n = 67) from individuals with AD, DS‐AD, and PD without and with dementia (PD‐D) and controls were analyzed for amyloid

Souza-Talarico JN, Bezerra CC, Toledo et al. Cultural-centered approaches to adapt a cognitive assessment tool in indigenous communities from Amazonas: the role of participant-researcher partnerships. Alzheimers Dement. 2023;19:e076799. doi: 10.1002/alz.076799 In the list of authors, the name “Vanessa Vasconcellos Duarte” was written incorrectly. The correct name is “Vanessa Vasconcelos Duarte” (with

INTRODUCTIONLongitudinal electronic health records (EHRs), “dementia” diagnostic codes, and genetic data from All of Us were used to see if there is a higher risk of dementia and an attenuated impact of apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE4) on Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk in Black and Hispanic/Latino groups.METHODSParticipants included 9,784 Hispanic/Latinos, 14,937 Non‐Hispanic Blacks (NHB), and 60,388 Non‐Hispanic

INTRODUCTIONTemporal cortical microstructural changes precede cortical atrophy during memory decline. We used neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI) to assess such early microstructural change.METHODSCognitively unimpaired (CU, n = 725) and mildly cognitively impaired (MCI, n = 111) participants from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging underwent 3T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), including

INTRODUCTIONBlood‐based biomarkers have demonstrated high accuracy for identifying Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. However, the lack of representative cohorts creates a knowledge gap regarding their real‐world applicability. We examined the influence of ethnicity on the diagnostic accuracy of plasma tau phosphorylated at threonine 217 (p‐tau217) in identifying AD.METHODSA total of 1170 mixed memory

INTRODUCTIONGut dysbiosis has been found to play a role in sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD) but has not been explored in Down syndrome (DS), despite the strong relationship between DS and early AD. Here, we compared the gut microbiomes of 20 adults with DS, either cognitively stable or with mild cognitive impairment.METHODSDNA from stool samples was profiled using 16S rRNA sequencing.RESULTSCognitive

INTRODUCTIONComplex perceptual discrimination is supported by tau‐vulnerable regions of the medial temporal lobe (MTL); notably the perirhinal cortex. This research tests whether there is a gene‐dose effect of apolipoprotein E (APOE) e4 on perceptual discrimination in mid‐life.METHODSThree hundred and thirteen adults (45–65 years; grouped by APOE e4 gene‐dose (142 APOE33, 135 APOE34, 36 APOE44)) completed

INTRODUCTIONPlasma phosphorylated tau (p‐tau)217 is an early Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker, but the timing of pathological changes and cognitive decline varies substantially. Digital cognitive assessments can detect subtle cognitive changes, suggesting they may complement p‐tau217 for early detection. Here, we evaluate whether combining these tools improves the detection of individuals at risk

INTRODUCTIONPositron emission tomography (PET) imaging with ligands for synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2A (SV2A) has emerged as a promising methodology for measuring synaptic density in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We investigated associations between SV2A concentrations in the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).METHODSTwenty‐one participants with early AD and 7 cognitively normal (CN) individuals underwent

Alzheimer's & Dementia publishes a set of papers exploring the diagnostic and prognostic capabilities of a novel cutting‐edge multiplexed biomarker measurement technology across neurodegenerative dementias.

INTRODUCTIONThe morphological and molecular changes associated with the degeneration of arterioles in cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) are incompletely understood.METHODSPost mortem brains from 26 patients with CAA or neurological controls were analyzed using light‐sheet microscopy, and morphological features of microvascular degeneration were quantified using surface volume rendering. Vascular stiffness

INTRODUCTIONWe addressed whether higher education plays a causal role in reducing dementia risk by comparing two indices of cognitive reserve: education and young adult general cognitive ability (GCA).METHODSWe conducted a 52‐year survival analysis to examine associations of GCA and education with dementia in 16,619 male conscripts identified in Swedish national health registries born between 1936

INTRODUCTIONAlzheimer's disease (AD) plasma biomarkers are non‐invasive measures of the key amyloid beta (Aβ) and tau pathologies. Validation and generalization studies are needed to fully understand their potential for AD prediction and diagnosis in the elderly population.METHODSIn 1067 Amish individuals aged ≥ 65, we measured plasma Aβ and tau to assess their relationships with AD‐related outcomes

INTRODUCTIONAnalyzing the proteomes of different brain cell types is fundamental for understanding the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, spatial analysis of these diverse and limited cell populations poses significant challenges.METHODSThe GeoMx Digital Spatial Profiler (DSP) platform was used to analyze protein level in the prefrontal cortex of AD and non‐AD brains. The platform

INTRODUCTIONWe aimed to examine the global impact of brain small vessel disease (SVD) on cognitive performance.METHODSIn 892 participants from the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA), we derived perivascular spaces (PVS), white matter hyperintensities (WMH), microbleeds (MB), and white matter fractional anisotropy (FA) and trace (TR). Cognitive function was assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological

Neuropsychiatric symptoms in dementia (NPS) collectively refer to behavioral and psychological symptoms affecting individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease or related dementia (ADRD). NPS are among the most troubling aspects of living with dementia but their treatments have limited efficacy. We aim to investigate genetic variants contributing to NPS to identify new therapeutic

INTRODUCTIONUnderstanding the neurometabolic changes associated with amyloid‐β (Aβ) deposition is important for early Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnosis, but their spatial relationships remained unexplored due to technical limitations.METHODSWe investigated the relationship between Aβ deposition and neuronal and glial metabolites using high‐resolution 3D magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI)

Gómez-Tortosa E, Baradaran-Heravi Y, Dillen L, et al. TRIM25 mutation (p.C168*), coding for an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is a cause of early-onset autosomal dominant dementia with amyloid load and Parkinsonism. Alzheimers Dement. 2023; 19: 2805-2815. doi: 10.1002/alz.12913 In the Funding information section, the text “Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Grant/Award Numbers: PI14/00099, PI20/00469” was incorrect

INTRODUCTIONCerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) are reliable predictors of future AD risk. We investigated whether pre‐clinical changes in AD CSF biomarkers are reflected in blood DNA methylation (DNAm) levels in cognitively normal participants.METHODSWe profiled blood‐based DNAm with the EPIC array in participants without a diagnosis of cognitive impairment in the Emory

Dear Editor, We were interested in the recent study by Liu et al., which analyzed cutaneous small nerve fibers of participants with neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID), Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). Their findings revealed widespread and severe small fiber neuropathy (SFN) in NIID, characterized by a non-length-dependent reduction

INTRODUCTIONLate‐life mood disorders (LLMDs) may represent prodromal manifestations of neurodegenerative dementia; however, the neuropathological basis of LLMDs, including depression and bipolar disorder, remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the involvement of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and non‐AD tau pathologies in LLMD participants.METHODSFifty‐two LLMD participants and 47 age‐ and sex‐matched

Molinare CP, Soberanes D, Dubbelman M, et al. Using remote, digital, multi-day testing to characterize long-term forgetting in cognitively unimpaired older adults. Alzheimers Dement. 2025; 21:e70047. doi: 10.1002/alz.70047 The third affiliation should read: 3 Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 149 13th St, Boston, MA 02129, USA  The affiliation that is

INTRODUCTIONPlasma biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) represent accessible alternatives to positron emission tomography (PET) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)‐based biomarkers in well‐characterized cohorts. It remains to be determined whether performance is maintained in outpatient clinics comprised of patients with multiple causes of cognitive impairment.METHODSPlasma phosphorylated tau217 (p‐tau217)

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INTRODUCTIONThe extent to which Alzheimer's disease (AD) concerns relate to pathological changes in cognitively unimpaired populations is unclear.METHODSWe analyzed screening data from the Anti‐Amyloid Treatment in Asymptomatic Alzheimer's (A4) study to determine if AD concerns are associated with amyloid burden in cognitively unimpaired older adults, and how they relate to lifestyle. AD concerns were

INTRODUCTIONLipoprotein a (Lp(a)) is a low‐density lipoprotein (LDL)‐like particle that has been associated with risk for vascular inflammation, atherogenesis, calcification, and thrombosis in the general population but is also a risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD).OBJECTIVEThe aim of this study was to conduct a retrospective study of lipoprotein a, Lp(a), levels in adults with Down syndrome (DS)

The landscape of Down syndrome–associated Alzheimer's disease (DSAD) research reflects decades of scientific endeavor and collaborative effort, charting a remarkable journey from initial observations to the elucidation of complex genetic and molecular mechanisms. This perspective article chronicles key milestones and breakthroughs, paying homage to the pioneering scientists and advancements that have

INTRODUCTIONThe evidentiary base for dementia caregiver programs is still emerging and is less clear for diverse racial and ethnic minoritized populations. We explored in‐depth perspectives about program participation, acceptability, and recommendations from diverse caregivers who completed one of three versions of the Savvy Caregiver Program.METHODSWe conducted 19 focus groups with 92 caregivers who

INTRODUCTIONThis project identified plasma proteins predictive of cognitive decline across a robust neuropsychological protocol over a 9‐year period.METHODSVanderbilt Memory and Aging Project participants (n = 336, 73 ± 7 years, 59% male, 87% non‐Hispanic White, 10% Black/African American) underwent blood draw for baseline plasma protein abundance using mass spectrometry analysis of tandem mass tag

INTRODUCTIONPhospho‐tau peptides from the proline‐rich domain (PRD) of tau are sensitive biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The PRD is known to be relatively resistant to lysosomal proteolytic cleavage, but the effects of phosphorylation on cleavage are unknown.METHODSUsing in silico modeling and in vitro protease assays, we quantified the effects of phosphorylation on lysosomal proteolysis of

Hong YJ, Choi SH, Kim SY, et al. Cognitive and neurodegenerative trajectories of subjective cognitive decline according to baseline biomarkers: Results of the CoSCo study. Alzheimers Dement. 2025;21:e14473. doi:10.1002/alz.14473 In the published article, the graphs for Figure 3 and 4 were mistakenly swapped. The graph intended for Figure 3 was placed in Figure 4, and vice versa. However, the citations

Widespread use of retinal optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) imaging requires methodological and analytical consensus to ensure reproducible and accurate results in epidemiological studies on Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).

Dementia impairs driving skills, but the specific driving behaviors affected are not fully understood. This project reviewed the literature on driving behaviors more common among people with dementia compared to age‐matched healthy controls. A search of Scopus, Medline All, and Embase databases (1994 to September 2024) identified relevant studies. Articles were included if they addressed driving behaviors

INTRODUCTIONSynapse loss is a key driver of cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet its direct relationship with neurofibrillary tau tangle (NFT) burden remains unclear. This study leveraged positron emission tomography (PET) imaging to investigate the link between NFT accumulation and synaptic density in older adults with and without AD pathology.METHODSOlder adults (N = 94) underwent PET

INTRODUCTIONEmerging evidence has connected Alzheimer's disease (AD) to systemic inflammation, intestinal abnormalities, and altered gut microbiota, highlighting the significance of the gut–brain axis. Here, we investigated the impact of acute experimental colitis (acute colitis) on AD pathology.METHODSAcute colitis was induced in 2‐month‐old 5xFAD mice using dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) to assess

INTRODUCTIONThe study aimed to develop and validate the Emergency Department Dementia Algorithm (EDDA) to detect dementia among older adults (65+) and support clinical decision‐making in the emergency department (ED).METHODSIn a multisite retrospective study of 759,665 ED visits, electronic health record data from Yale New Haven Health (2014–2022) were used to train three supervised and semi‐unsupervised

INTRODUCTIONThis study assessed the heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) of glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists (GLP‐1RAs) and sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) on the risk of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).METHODSThis target trial emulation study included adults (≥ 50 years) with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and newly prescribed a GLP‐1RA, SGLT2i, or other second‐line

INTRODUCTIONEnd‐of‐life (EOL) caregiving is associated with stress and burden, especially for persons with dementia. Little is known, however, about how dementia diagnosis, family structure, and co‐residence influence the prevalence of antidepressants and anxiolytics (psychiatric prescriptions) among spouses and adult children during EOL caregiving.METHODSThis was a retrospective cohort study of spouses

INTRODUCTIONDementia family caregivers face a significant burden due to the progressive nature of the disease, which places them at high risk for depression. Because a lack of information is available on the social determinants of health that impact depression, this study investigated this relationship.METHODSThis study was a secondary data analysis using the 2017 National Health and Aging Trends Study

INTRODUCTIONWe report the feasibility and cognitive outcomes of a stage 1b randomized trial testing 3 months of home‐delivered high polyphenol snacks (e.g., nuts, berries) and online speed of processing training among older adults with 12 or fewer years of education.METHODSOne hundred eighty participants were randomized to polyphenol‐rich snacks and online cognitive training, polyphenol snacks and

INTRODUCTIONHeterogeneity of clinical progression in Alzheimer's disease (AD) complicates the assessment of disease progression and treatment effects in trials. This study evaluates the potential of plasma phosphorylated tau‐217 (p‐tau217) to capture this heterogeneity.METHODSWe used k‐means clustering to analyze cognitive trajectories in amyloid beta –positive (Aβ+) cognitively normal (CN) and mild

Recent years have seen major advances in tau‐associated brain disorders through interdisciplinary research spanning molecular biology, neuroimaging, clinical trials, and therapeutic development. The Tau2024 Global Conference, hosted by the Alzheimer's Association, CurePSP, and Rainwater Charitable Foundation, showcased these efforts by bringing together researchers and experts worldwide to discuss

Dilmore AH, Martino C, Neth BJ, et al. Effects of a ketogenic and low-fat diet on the human metabolome, microbiome, and foodome in adults at risk for Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's Dement. 2023;4805-4816. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.13007 The Conflict of Interest Statement is incomplete. The full Conflict of Interest Statement should be: Rima Kaddurah-Daouk is an inventor of key patents in the field

INTRODUCTIONWe investigated the associations of longitudinal synaptic loss and cognitive decline with tau burden and plasma biomarkers in Alzheimer's disease (AD).METHODSTwenty cognitively impaired (CI) individuals and 16 healthy controls (HC) underwent cognitive and plasma biomarker assessments, amyloid positron emission tomography (PET), tau PET, and synaptic density PET; after 1 year, tau and synaptic

INTRODUCTIONLimited information is available regarding sex differences in the relationship of socioeconomic status and cognitive performance with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) family history.METHODSLeveraging the UK Biobank (N = 448,100) and All of Us Research Program (N = 240,319), we conducted observational and genetically informed analyses to test the sex‐specific associations

This systematic review aims to identify available cognitive assessments for Arabic‐speaking older adults and to assess their validity and performance. A comprehensive search was conducted using Medline, Embase, and APA PsycInfo up to November 2023, encompassing studies validating or using cognitive tools in Arabic for individuals aged ≥ 50. We identified 29 validation studies for 20 cognitive tools

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a severely debilitating neurodegenerative disease with a rapidly increasing global prevalence, poorly understood causes, and no efficient treatments. Experimental models are valuable for studying AD pathogenesis, including amyloid beta and tau accumulation, synaptic dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. While no model fully reproduces the disease, we take an evolutionary biology

BACKGROUNDThis study evaluates the capability of cortical microstructural measures from diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to predict progression from mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to dementia, compared to commonly used macrostructural measures. Identification of high‐risk individuals can support both clinical practice and trials.METHODSStructural and diffusion MRI scans of 826 participants