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Preparing for disease-modifying dementia therapies in the UK Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Claudia Cooper, Charles R. Marshall, Jonathan M. Schott, Sube Banerjee
Although lecanemab has been licensed for use in the UK, the systems to deliver this or similar disease-modifying therapies do not exist. These systems need to be developed urgently, but not at the expense of post-diagnostic care.
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NMOSD and MOGAD: an evolving disease spectrum Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Akiyuki Uzawa, Frederike Cosima Oertel, Masahiro Mori, Friedemann Paul, Satoshi Kuwabara
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Tau phosphorylation correlates with multiple sclerosis disease course Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Heather Wood
New research adds to growing evidence of altered tau phosphorylation in multiple sclerosis.
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Hijacked macrophages sustain glioblastoma cells Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Ian Fyfe
Metabolic rewiring of a population of tumour-associated macrophages facilitates progression of glioblastoma, new research has revealed. A multi-omics approach demonstrated that the macrophages develop a lipid-laden phenotype, in which they accumulate cholesterol after uptake of myelin debris. Transfer of this accumulated cholesterol to glioblastoma cells helps to meet the high metabolic requirements
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Free DNA activates secondary stroke mechanism Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Ian Fyfe
After a stroke, circulating, cell-free DNA causes inflammasome activation in atherosclerotic plaques that can lead to recurrent stroke, work in a mouse model has shown. In a model of stroke-induced recurrent ischaemia, increased inflammation in plaques in the common carotid artery resulted from activation of the AIM2 inflammasome by cell-free DNA that primarily originated from neutrophil extracellular
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Adaptive deep brain stimulation shows promise Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Ian Fyfe
Adaptive deep brain stimulation (DBS) improves motor symptoms and quality of life in people with Parkinson disease compared with continuous DBS, the results of a pilot trial suggest. The study included four people with Parkinson disease, each of whom received continuous and adaptive DBS at different times to enable comparison of the effects. Adaptive stimulation was personalized according to motor
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Blood profile indicates central inflammation in frontotemporal lobar degeneration Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Ian Fyfe
A pro-inflammatory serum profile has been associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FLTD) in new research, increasing the likelihood that blood-based biomarkers can be used for assessment of neuroinflammation in people with dementia. The researchers analysed cytokines in the serum of 214 people with syndromes associated with FTLD and 29 healthy individuals. Their analysis identified a profile
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Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide signalling as a therapeutic target in migraine Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Håkan Ashina, Rune H. Christensen, Debbie L. Hay, Amynah A. Pradhan, Jan Hoffmann, Dora Reglodi, Andrew F. Russo, Messoud Ashina
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Assessing disease progression and treatment response in progressive multiple sclerosis Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-09 Giancarlo Comi, Gloria Dalla Costa, Bruno Stankoff, Hans-Peter Hartung, Per Soelberg Sørensen, Patrick Vermersch, Letizia Leocani
Progressive multiple sclerosis poses a considerable challenge in the evaluation of disease progression and treatment response owing to its multifaceted pathophysiology. Traditional clinical measures such as the Expanded Disability Status Scale are limited in capturing the full scope of disease and treatment effects. Advanced imaging techniques, including MRI and PET scans, have emerged as valuable
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Stiff-person syndrome and related disorders — diagnosis, mechanisms and therapies Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 Marinos C. Dalakas
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The influence of MOGAD on diagnosis of multiple sclerosis using MRI Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-09-03 Ruth Geraldes, Georgina Arrambide, Brenda Banwell, Àlex Rovira, Rosa Cortese, Hans Lassmann, Silvia Messina, Mara Assunta Rocca, Patrick Waters, Declan Chard, Claudio Gasperini, Yael Hacohen, Romina Mariano, Friedemann Paul, Gabriele C. DeLuca, Christian Enzinger, Ludwig Kappos, M. Isabel Leite, Jaume Sastre-Garriga, Tarek Yousry, Olga Ciccarelli, Massimo Filippi, Frederik Barkhof, Jacqueline Palace
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Author Correction: Neurological care for LGBT+ people. Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-22 Salvatore Giovanni Volpe,Joya Ahmad,Roshni Abee Patel,Nicole Rosendale
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Insights from 25 years of onabotulinumtoxinA in migraine — mechanisms and management Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-19 Patricia Pozo-Rosich, Alicia Alpuente, Stephen D. Silberstein, Rami Burstein
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Antisense oligonucleotide shows potential in Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-12 Ian Fyfe
Antisense oligonucleotide treatment has therapeutic potential in a severe form of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease, according to a new study.
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Peripheral nervous system immune-related adverse events due to checkpoint inhibition Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-09 Meabh O’Hare, Amanda C. Guidon
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Disentangling clinical and biological trajectories of neurodegenerative diseases Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-08 Nicolas Villain, Vincent Planche
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Identifying and reducing risks of neurological complications associated with vaccination Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-07 Lahiru Handunnetthi, Maheshi N. Ramasamy, Lance Turtle, David P. J. Hunt
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Single-cell atlas of Alzheimer disease vulnerability Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 Lisa Kiani
A single-cell transcriptomic atlas of six anatomical regions in the aged human brain with and without Alzheimer disease (AD) provides clues to cellular vulnerability to disease, a study in Nature reports. Various region-specific subtypes of excitatory and inhibitory neurons were reduced in brains from people with AD and shared elevated expression of genes in the reelin signalling pathway. In addition
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Shared glial pathology in HD and schizophrenia Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 Lisa Kiani
A new study suggests that glial cells in both Huntington disease (HD) and schizophrenia share abnormal gene transcription patterns. RNA sequencing of glial progenitor cells derived from human pluripotent stem cells revealed preserved gene sets between the diseases that were distinct from healthy control donors. A large proportion of genes that were supressed in both diseases are involved in synaptic
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Rubella virus might increase risk of MS Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 Lisa Kiani
Seropositivity towards rubella virus (RV) increases the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS), according to new research. The case–control, Swedish biobank study analysed seropositivity towards RV in vaccinated and unvaccinated individuals before the clinical onset of MS. The results showed that people with MS had higher seroreactivity to RV than people without MS. Moreover, RV seropositivity
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Smartphone calls to detect early Parkinsonism Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 Lisa Kiani
New research demonstrates that speech dysfunction detected via smartphone voice calls can be used to identify people with isolated rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD). Using a smartphone app to collect voice recordings, a sample duration of 8 min was sufficient to differentiate between people with iRBD and healthy volunteers; a significant difference between the groups was found in monopitch
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Gaucher disease provides a unique window into Parkinson disease pathogenesis Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-06 Ellen Hertz, Yu Chen, Ellen Sidransky
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Food is brain medicine — relevance and translation to neurology Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-08-02 Mitchell S. V. Elkind, Kevin G. Volpp
The importance of diet for brain health is increasingly recognized by neurologists, but many neurological disorders impair the ability of individuals to eat healthily. A new initiative known as ‘Food Is Medicine’ has the potential to facilitate healthier eating among people with neurological disorders to improve and maintain brain health.
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Environmental–genetic interactions in ageing and dementia across Latin America Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-12 Agustin Ibanez, Andrea Slachevsky
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Additive effects of EBV and HHV-6A on MS risk Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Heather Wood
Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection in adulthood is a well-established risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS), and new research indicates that human herpesvirus 6A (HHV-6A) further increases the risk of developing the disease. Grut et al. tested serum samples from 670 presymptomatic individuals who subsequently developed MS and 670 matched control individuals. In participants over 24.9 years of age
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Immune rejuvenation — a potential AD therapy Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Heather Wood
A new study shows that transplantation of bone marrow from young mice can reduce amyloid pathology and ameliorate cognitive deficits in a mouse model of Alzheimer disease (AD). Aged (9-month-old) APP/PS1 mice received bone marrow from 2-month-old or 9-month-old APP/PS1 mice. The young bone marrow transplants led to reductions in cerebral amyloid plaque burden (attributed to increased amyloid-β clearance
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Diabetes could hasten MCI-to-AD conversion Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Heather Wood
People with diabetes mellitus (DM) have an increased probability of progressing to Alzheimer disease (AD) in the first year after a diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), a study based on data from the AD Neuroimaging Initiative has shown. Propensity score matching was performed in 306 people with MCI, 102 of whom also had DM. By the end of the 12-month follow-up period, 8.82% of the DM group
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Plasma extracellular vesicle biomarkers for frontotemporal dementia and related disorders Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Lisa Kiani
Concentrations of TDP-43 and tau in extracellular vesicles extracted from blood show potential as biomarkers for frontotemporal dementia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and progressive supranuclear palsy.
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RAB32 variant is associated with PD susceptibility Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-09 Heather Wood
A variant of the RAB32 gene is a risk factor for developing Parkinson disease (PD), according to a report published in Nature Genetics. Exome-wide analyses of 2,184 individuals with familial PD and 69,775 control individuals revealed that the p.S71R variant of RAB32 was present in around 0.7% of the PD group, compared with 0.004% of control individuals, and it segregated with PD in three families.
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Precision neuroimmunology in multiple sclerosis — the horizon is near Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Jiwon Oh, Amit Bar-Or
Immunological profiling has revealed biological signatures of multiple sclerosis (MS) that could help with early, accurate diagnosis of the disease and with identifying disease subtypes that could inform treatment decisions. The findings are important steps along the path towards precision medicine for people with MS.
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Brain–body mechanisms contribute to sexual dimorphism in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-04 Sarah M. Jacob, Sukyoung Lee, Seung Hyun Kim, Keith A. Sharkey, Gerald Pfeffer, Minh Dang Nguyen
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Spinal cord stimulation for the treatment of chronic pain Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Cecile C. de Vos, Kaare Meier
Spinal cord stimulation is an invasive therapy for chronic neuropathic pain, usually used as a last-resort treatment when all other treatments have been tried and failed. The clinical value of the therapy has been much debated in recent years; here, we summarize the therapy and discuss the core controversies. Spinal cord stimulation is seen as a last-resort therapy for the treatment of chronic pain
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Focused ultrasound brain therapy is a new tool in the box Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-07-01 Raúl Martínez-Fernández
Similar to any innovation that disrupts the status quo, the advent of magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound in neurology was accompanied by controversy and debate. However, evidence suggests that this therapeutic tool, which is already widely used to treat tremor and Parkinson disease, is gaining acceptance and will become a viable therapeutic option for various other neurological conditions
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Sensory feedback in upper limb prosthetics: advances and challenges Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-30 Nebojša Malešević, Christian Antfolk
Advanced sensory feedback from upper limb prostheses would provide multiple benefits to people with upper limb amputations, but achieving functional and natural-feeling sensation is technologically challenging. Advances are being made with invasive and non-invasive stimulation approaches, but considerable challenges need to be addressed with technological innovation.
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Neuromodulation for severe brain injury: time for a paradigm shift? Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-30 Aurore Thibaut, Géraldine Martens
Neuromodulation represents a promising approach for promoting neural plasticity following a brain injury, especially for non-communicative patients with prolonged disorders of consciousness. However, so far, the outcomes have been limited and inconsistent, driving researchers to explore alternative strategies to improve the efficacy of brain stimulation techniques.
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Non-invasive deep brain stimulation: interventional targeting of deep brain areas in neurological disorders Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-29 Friedhelm C. Hummel, Maximilian J. Wessel
Recently developed non-invasive deep brain stimulation methods have sufficient focal specificity to target deep brain structures. These techniques show particular promise as treatment strategies for neuropsychiatric disorders in which deep brain structures have critical roles in pathophysiology or in mediating recovery. A non-invasive technique using transcranial electrical stimulation offers an improvement
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Non-invasive stimulation for treating cognitive impairment in Alzheimer disease Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-29 Irena Rektorová
Some device-based non-invasive brain stimulation methods have been recommended as probably effective for cognitive treatment in Alzheimer disease. New targets and novel transcranial electrical stimulation techniques enable physiology-inspired modulation of oscillatory activity and precise targeting of deep brain structures. The use of non-invasive brain stimulation techniques to treat mild cognitive
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Neurology under the midnight sun: EAN Congress 2024 comes to Helsinki Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-21 Heather Wood
The 10th Congress of the European Academy of Neurology is being held in Helsinki, Finland from 29 June to 2 July 2024, and Nature Reviews Neurology is publishing a series of Comments on the overarching theme, neuromodulation. We asked Programme Committee Chairs Ulf Kallweit and Reetta Kälviäinen about their roles and their expectations for the congress.
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Multifaceted roles of APOE in Alzheimer disease Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-21 Rosemary J. Jackson, Bradley T. Hyman, Alberto Serrano-Pozo
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From spreading depolarization to blood–brain barrier dysfunction: navigating traumatic brain injury for novel diagnosis and therapy Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-17 Gerben van Hameren, Refat Aboghazleh, Ellen Parker, Jens P. Dreier, Daniela Kaufer, Alon Friedman
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Acceptable performance of blood biomarker tests of amyloid pathology — recommendations from the Global CEO Initiative on Alzheimer’s Disease Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-12 Suzanne E. Schindler, Douglas Galasko, Ana C. Pereira, Gil D. Rabinovici, Stephen Salloway, Marc Suárez-Calvet, Ara S. Khachaturian, Michelle M. Mielke, Chi Udeh-Momoh, Joan Weiss, Richard Batrla, Sasha Bozeat, John R. Dwyer, Drew Holzapfel, Daryl Rhys Jones, James F. Murray, Katherine A. Partrick, Emily Scholler, George Vradenburg, Dylan Young, Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich, Jiri Aubrecht, Joel B. Braunstein
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Alzheimer disease blood biomarkers: considerations for population-level use Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-11 Michelle M. Mielke, Nicole R. Fowler
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Brain clearance not increased during sleep Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-04 Ian Fyfe
Clearance of molecules from the brain is not increased during sleep, according to new findings published in Nature Neuroscience. Researchers measured brain clearance in mice that were awake, sedated or asleep by following movement of a small fluorescent dye in the brain parenchyma. Clearance was lower in animals that were sedated or sleeping than in animals that were awake. Although molecules with
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Microglial senescence is a potential therapeutic target for Alzheimer disease Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-04 Heather Wood
A new study has identified prematurely senescent microglia in the vicinity of amyloid-β plaques in the brains of individuals with Alzheimer disease.
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Genes associated with multiple system atrophy Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-04 Ian Fyfe
Analysis of whole-genome data from people with multiple system atrophy (MSA) has identified novel genetic loci associated with the disease. The study, which included data from 888 people with MSA and 7,128 healthy control individuals, revealed four risk loci, and functional analysis indicated the involvement of three genes at these loci — USP38-DT, KCTD7 and lnc-KCTD7-2. The work provides insight into
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Potassium regulation could be key to healthy brain ageing Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-04 Ian Fyfe
Dysregulated extracellular K+ could be a determinant of unhealthy brain ageing, findings in mice suggest. Whereas extracellular levels of K+ fell with age in healthy mice, they remained high in mouse models of Alzheimer disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and Huntington disease. These high levels were associated with downregulation of several K+ channels or upregulation of proteins that suppress
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APOE α4 homozygosity — a genetic form of Alzheimer disease? Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-04 Ian Fyfe
Apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 homozygosity should be considered a genetic form of Alzheimer disease (AD), researchers have proposed in a study published in Nature Medicine. Juan Fortea and colleagues analysed data from over 13,000 people with AD stratified by APOE genotype. They determined that the disease penetrance, predictability of symptom onset and sequence of biomarker changes in people with two
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Author Correction: The complex aetiology of cerebral palsy. Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Steven J Korzeniewski,Jaime Slaughter,Madeleine Lenski,Peterson Haak,Nigel Paneth
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Clinical implications of brain asymmetries Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-23 Sebastian Ocklenburg, Annakarina Mundorf, Robin Gerrits, Emma M. Karlsson, Marietta Papadatou-Pastou, Guy Vingerhoets
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The Miami Framework for ALS and related neurodegenerative disorders: an integrated view of phenotype and biology Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-20 Michael Benatar, Joanne Wuu, Edward D. Huey, Corey T. McMillan, Ronald C. Petersen, Ronald Postuma, Caroline McHutchison, Laynie Dratch, Jalayne J. Arias, Anita Crawley, Henry Houlden, Michael P. McDermott, Xueya Cai, Neil Thakur, Adam Boxer, Howard Rosen, Bradley F. Boeve, Penny Dacks, Stephanie Cosentino, Sharon Abrahams, Neil Shneider, Paul Lingor, Jeremy Shefner, Peter M. Andersen, Ammar Al-Chalabi
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IDH inhibition in gliomas: from preclinical models to clinical trials Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-17 Roberta Rudà, Craig Horbinski, Martin van den Bent, Matthias Preusser, Riccardo Soffietti
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Deciphering nociplastic pain: clinical features, risk factors and potential mechanisms Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-16 Chelsea M. Kaplan, Eoin Kelleher, Anushka Irani, Andrew Schrepf, Daniel J. Clauw, Steven E. Harte
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CAR T cells offer hope in glioblastoma Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Ian Fyfe
Novel CAR T cells delivered directly to the CNS could have therapeutic effects in recurrent glioblastoma, according to two early-stage trials.
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Genetic protection against Alzheimer disease Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Lisa Kiani
Cognitively healthy centenarians are protected against Alzheimer disease (AD) by their advantageous genetic make-up, according to new research. Analysis of 86 single nucleotide polymorphisms associated with AD risk revealed a lower frequency of almost all risk-increasing alleles and a higher frequency of protective alleles among cognitively healthy centenarians than among people with AD. The most strongly
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Blood test for early Parkinson disease diagnosis Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Lisa Kiani
A blood-based α-synuclein (α-syn) seed amplification assay (SAA) can detect Parkinson disease (PD) up to 10 years before clinical diagnosis, new research indicates. Retrospective analysis of blood samples from 12 individuals with PD showed a positive α-syn SAA in all individuals 1–10 years before their diagnosis. The SAA was negative in all healthy controls (n = 13), whereas 30% of people with isolated
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Infant microbiome predicts neurodevelopmental disorders Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Lisa Kiani
A new study has identified significant differences in gut microbial communities between infants that are later diagnosed with a neurodevelopmental disorder and those that are not. The >20-year study followed a cohort of 16,440 Swedish children from birth, 1,197 of whom developed a neurodevelopmental disorder, including autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder or a speech disorder
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Nanoprobe for blood–brain barrier changes Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-14 Lisa Kiani
New research shows that labelling of laminin with a nanoparticle probe enables MRI assessment of blood–brain barrier (BBB) changes caused by neuroinflammation. The iron oxide-based nanoparticles were vectorized with peptide-88, which binds laminin specifically under inflammatory conditions. A comparison of MRI images from a mouse model of autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) and control mice showed increased
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The clinical importance of suspected non-Alzheimer disease pathophysiology Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-09 Stephanie J. B. Vos, Aurore Delvenne, Clifford R. Jack, Dietmar R. Thal, Pieter Jelle Visser
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Artificial intelligence in epilepsy — applications and pathways to the clinic Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-05-08 Alfredo Lucas, Andrew Revell, Kathryn A. Davis
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Neuronal activity drives glymphatic waste clearance Nat. Rev. Neurol. (IF 28.2) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Lisa Kiani
Two new studies show that clearance of waste, including pathogenic amyloid, through the glymphatic system is driven by synchronized neuronal activity.