Knowing the evolution history of the climate systems in the Asian inland dominated by either the Westerlies or the Asian monsoon, and understanding their associated driving mechanisms are crucial for assessing future trends of climate and environmental conditions in this region, but both the evolution and mechanisms are still under debate. In this study, we present a comparative analysis of massive

Lake basins record critical interactions between the hydrosphere, cryosphere and atmosphere. Their sediments and shoreline landforms archive timing, duration, and intensity of past climatic variability and environmental impacts over a variety of timescales. Thousands of lake systems spread across the internally drained Tibetan Plateau today, of which many are only the salty remains of much more expansive

During the Late Iron Age, early Nguni-speaking farmers entered and moved across the region of the lower Thukela uplands through frequent, short-range episodes of population movement. As they did so, they innovated new food production technology, altered the landscape, and adapted to ecological conditions. The article presents comparative historical linguistic evidence for the history of farming and

In Southwest Asia, early ceramics are generally associated with sedentary farming communities. This is unlike many other parts of Asia, where ceramics were first manufactured by hunter-gatherers. Radiocarbon evidence indicates that sustained production of ceramic containers (pottery) began at several sites in Anatolia, Upper Mesopotamia and the northern Levant around 7000 BC or slightly later, although

The Mexican record of notoungulates is scarce. So far, the only described species in Mexico is represented by Mixotoxodon larensis, which has limited in Michoacán and Veracruz. This work describes the MG-ITCM-405P toxodont material discovered in Tampico (Late Pleistocene) that confirms the presence of the Mixotoxodon larensis in Tamaulipas (northeastern Mexico). The specimen consists of an almost complete

Precambrian orogenic belts are key areas to understand how the continental crust formed and evolved with time, and to constrain when plate tectonics began on planet Earth. The Itabuna-Salvador-Curaçá Orogen, in the São Francisco Craton, is an orogenic belt over 800 km long that is interpreted as the result of collision of four blocks during the Paleoproterozoic. However, its geological history before

Terrestrial Triassic assemblages are an important component of the heritage of Argentina, particularly because of their diverse record of fossil vertebrates. Triassic basins from western Argentina have a good representation of therapsids, a lineage that includes a series of stem extinct groups plus crown Mammalia. Because of their diversity and abundance, non-mammaliaform cynodonts are the most conspicuous

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Differential Interferometry (DInSAR) and its extensions to manage time series are nowadays well-known and mastered techniques to perform among others land-motion monitoring. We present here a fully automated monitoring service based on DInSAR and Multidimensional Small Baseline Subset (MSBAS) methods. The automated processing chain named “InSAR automated Mass processing

A special frequency spectrum expansion processing (FSE) was applied to seismic lines to identify gas chimneys (GC) in the Parnaíba Basin (NE of Brazil). GC are recognized by typical vertical and low frequency chaotic disturbances in the seismic data, which are interpreted as being caused by the migration of fluids or free gas. These structures are important hydrocarbon indicators and have become a

Dronning Maud Land (DML) is a key area for the better understanding of the geotectonic history and amalgamation processes of the southern part of Gondwana. Here, we present comprehensive new zircon U–Pb–Hf–O, whole-rock Sm–Nd isotopic and geochemical data for late Neoproterozoic-Cambrian igneous rocks along a profile from central to eastern DML, which provides new insights into the crustal evolution

The origins and Paleogeographic reconstruction of the Precambrian microcontinents in the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) are essential for understanding the continental crustal evolution and mechanism of accretionary orogeny. The Yili Block is one of the Precambrian microcontinents in SW CAOB and is a key component of the Kazakhstan microcontinent whose amalgamation is not yet well understood. In

Ediacaran convergence and collision resulting from amalgamation of West Gondwana are documented in the Borborema Province by high-pressure rock units, contractional tectonics and anatexis. Thermochronological (zircon U-Pb and amphibole-biotite Ar-Ar) and structural (Anisotropy of Magnetic Susceptibility) constraints from shear zone-bounding synkinematic plutons in the Ceará Central Domain provide timing

Global climate change is one of the main problems facing humans at the beginning of the 21st century. In the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), it has led to significant social consequences, especially those caused by flooding, which is very common in the region. One way of protecting settlements from catastrophic floods is to relocate them to non-flooded terraces. In the article, the author examined the

The Salt and Verde rivers, Sonoran Desert, USA, integrated multiple endorheic extensional basins near the start of the Quaternary. Integration began via spillover on both rivers. Spillover resulted in headward erosion in upstream basins, leading to basin-wide incision and excavation of large volumes of sediment transported into downstream basins. As a result, the Verde River aggraded to what is now

A new one‐dimensional (1‐D) parameterization of penetrative convection has been developed in order to have a better representation of the vertical mixing in ocean general circulation models. Our approach is inspired from atmospheric parameterizations of shallow convection which assumes that in the convective boundary layer, the subgrid‐scale fluxes result from two different mixing scales: small eddies

This study describes the formulation and application of a partial coupling method that disentangles the coupling between the atmosphere and ocean and isolates the atmosphere‐ and ocean‐driven components of the coupled climate interactions. In contrast to strategies using stand‐alone simulations with prescribed atmosphere or ocean states, the climate components in the partially coupled method remain

The catchment for the Ross Sea ice includes both the East and the West Antarctic ice sheets but the mass balance is a direct response to climate change. Our work is aimed to reconstruct the ice flows after the Last Glacial Maximum and is based on apatite fission‐track data from samples collected from 18 piston cores across the Ross Sea embayment. Fission‐track ages have been divided into meaningful

The Indus‐Yarlung suture of southernmost Tibet marks the initial collisional zone, the ongoing India‐Asia collision, and yet more than ~30 million years after the onset of collision, a thick detrital sedimentary unit was deposited just north of the suture: the Kailas Formation. The mechanism permitting subsidence of the deep intracontinental Kailas basin in a compressional tectonic regime remains uncertain

We present new data for the ∼3.0 Ga Maniitsoq Norite Belt of the Akia Terrane, West Greenland, with the aim of understanding its petrogenesis. The Maniitsoq Norite Belt is hosted in regional tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) and dioritic orthogneisses, intruded by later sheets of TTG and granite pegmatites, and comprises two main rock types: plagioclase-rich “norites” and pyroxene-rich “melanorites”

Widespread seepage of methane from seafloor sediments on continental margins are released into seawater, a portion of which may escape to the atmosphere. To assess the water column distribution characteristics of methane and its input to the atmosphere, we investigated methane emissions from the shelf and west slope of the back-arc Okinawa Trough (OT), East China Sea. Our results showed a heterogeneity

Tunnel valleys are assumed to form near the margin of ice sheets. Hence, they can be used to reconstruct the dynamics of former ice margins. The detailed formation and infill of tunnel valleys, however, are still not well understood. Here, we present a dense grid of high‐resolution 2D multi‐channel reflection seismic data from the German sector of the southeastern North Sea imaging tunnel valleys in

Radiocarbon‐dated sediment cores from subalpine lakes were used to investigate post‐glacial dust deposition in the Uinta Mountains (Utah, USA). Lake sediments were geochemically characterized with ICP‐OES, ICP‐MS and XRF core scanning. Collections from passive samplers constrain the properties of modern dust, and samples of regolith constrain properties of the local material within the watershed. Ca

Lower crusts of oceanic plateaus have been rarely studied and their nature remains unclear, due to low probability in preservation. Here we demonstrate that cumulates of the Pengco Complex in central Tibet represent the lower crust of an oceanic plateau generated at ~188 Ma. Mineral crystallization order and geochemistry support their formation via low‐pressure fractionation from anhydrous basaltic

Production of prefabricated pipe spools for the needs of the oil and gas industry requires precise determination of their shape and dimensions. The crucial moment of production is to measure the spool being built, compare it with the design and define the geometry corrections that should be applied at the construction stage. At present, the comparison of spools is usually done in a manual manner in

The tectono-magmatic evolution of the Bangong-Nujiang Tethyan Ocean (BNO) plays a crucial role in understanding the Tibetan Plateau accretion before the Cenozoic India-Asia collision. The microcontinents and oceanic plateau recognized recently within the BNO provide important clues for constructing the subduction process between BNO and the Qiangtang terrane (QT). In this contribution, we provide a

The use of cement and concrete, among the most widely used man-made materials, is under scrutiny. Owing to their large-scale use, production of cement and concrete results in substantial emission of greenhouse gases and places strain on the availability of natural resources, such as water. Projected urbanization over the next 50–100 years therefore indicates that the demand for cement and concrete

Observations of ice shelf anisotropy on borehole seismic data are presented. Hot‐water‐drilledboreholes were made by the Aotearoa New Zealand Ross Ice Shelf Programme through a grounding‐line proximal site at Windless Bight and the central Ross Ice Shelf site HWD‐2. The boreholes were used to freeze seismometers into the ice at different depths. Seismic observations of shear wave splitting were made

Light absorbing particles, such as mineral dust, are a potent climate forcing agent. Many snow‐covered areas are subject to dust outbreak events originating from desert regions able to significantly decrease snow albedo. Here, using a combination of Sentinel‐2 imagery, in situ measurements and ensemble detailed snowpack simulations, we study the impact on snow cover duration of a major dust deposition

Manganiferous rocks in the Mankwadzi area in the southernmost portion of the Kibi‐Winneba metavolcanic belt, one of several Mn occurrences in the Paleoproterozoic Birimian of Ghana, are hosted in hornblende schist and amphibolite. These rocks are, in places, intruded by hornblende dyke. In outcrop, the manganiferous rocks appear to be conformable with the host schist and amphibolite, are macroscopically

The volcanic Rooiberg Group represents the extrusive phase of the Bushveld Magmatic Province in South Africa, forming the roof as well as the floor of the mafic-ultramafic 2057 Ma Rustenburg Layered Suite. Typically, the volcanic rocks of the Rooiberg Group vary from mafic compositions in the oldest unit (the Dullstroom Formation) to felsic compositions in the younger overlying units (the Damwal, Kwaggasnek

Urban heat is a phenomenon that caused bay relationship solar heat and land cover types consequence, and the urban heat effect on the environment and impact on human activities. It is effect and impact become a hazard when upper the threshold. The study objective to examine the urban heat hazard on the University of Malaya Campus. The method uses remote sensing, gis, and perception study to examines

Derawan Island is an island with an area of 45 ha, it categorized as a small island and part of Derawan Islands archipelago located in East Kalimantan province. It designated as a conservation area by the decision of Berau District Head No. 516 of 2013 concerning the Reservation of Coastal Conservation Areas and Small Islands. Derawan Island, also known as the National Tourism Destination (DPN) based

Minangkabau has a strong reputation as an entrepreneur society, mainly based on their involvement in trade ( galeh ). This society created some famous trading cities along with the east coast of Sumatera that has been thriving as homes of diverse culture, and Pariaman City as one of them. As a trading city, there are various marketplaces across Pariaman and its surrounding that influenced from this

Irrigated paddy fields in Indonesia generally harvested twice a year. Variations in rice production due to climate change are observable through changes in plant phenology using remote sensing imagery. The research aim is to study the spatial distribution of phenology stage on the paddy field using Remote Sensing Data in Karawang Regency. To answer the aim of research used image data processing with

Air pollution is a significant problem that occurs in urban areas. Bandung city, as a metropolitan city, continues to experience an increase in population growth, which has led to an increase in the built-up area. The increased built-up area will lead to a decrease in the area of green, which was causing a decrease in air quality. The study aims to analyze the spatial distribution of PM 10 in Bandung

The urban forest is one of the typical vegetation-covered space in an urban area. The existence and development of the urban forest commonly found within the university campus site. The ecological and environmental characteristics in a university campus site usually resemble and similar to the urban area. The physical environment of the campus area is gradually changing due to development and improvement

Shifting cultivation by Dayak Iban Tribe in Mensiau Village have several stages, namely burn the land, rice cultivating for two or three planting seasons, and abandoned for reforestation. Vegetation growth through several stages on one cycle, ideally started from burn scar, rice field, bushes, young secondary regrowth, old secondary regrowth, then become secondary forest, so that cycle needs 20 years

Water is an important natural resource in supporting the lives of all living things. The increasing population in Majalengka District adding a large amount of water usage. The extraction of groundwater that has been carried out over time has also increased, thus, a study is needed to reveal groundwater recharge zone so that we can predict the groundwater reserves in a certain area. Therefore, a study

An earthquake is a natural disaster that is often found in Indonesia because its geological area is a meeting between three large tectonic plates. Earthquakes have a high level of danger due to unpredictable events. In the Sulawesi region, especially Makassar, in 2017, there was an earthquake measuring 3 SR-6 SR, with a shallow epicenter. Epicenter distance calculation is used to determine the value

Rainfall is an input in the hydrological system that delivers the output in the river flow in the form of discharge flow. The Cilutung River is a subsidiary of Cimanuk which has a greater function is to become one of the flood controllers in the area of Muara Cimanuk after Cimanuk in the dammed. This research aims to identify the pattern of flood hydrographs and to know the relationship between the

The lake's catchment area is one of the objects of land use conversion as a space for community needs. The boundary of the Lake Rawa Besar has been widely used by the surrounding community to carry out activities. Human activity and land use around lake shorelines can affect water quality. This study aims to investigate the pattern of spatial distribution of Lake Rawa Besar water quality and its relationship

Illegal settlements are a form of increasing demand for settlements in the capital city of Jakarta triggered d by urbanization. One of them is in Waduk Pluit, North Jakarta. This situation forced government to hold the normalization and relocation towards Rusunawa Muara Baru in 2015 to restore the function of the reservoir and restrain the urban settlement infrastructure. This research is a qualitative

Wulan Delta is a form of landscape in the coastal area of Wedung District, Demak Regency, which was formed due to sedimentation of the Wulan River estuary. Utilization of the delta region into a pond will have an impact on the environment and socio-economic surrounding communities. This study aims to look at the dynamics of land cover changes in Wulan Delta, Wedung District, Demak Regency. Multitemporal

Community concepts and terms often appear in policies and programs related to environmental issues and community participation. During this time, the concept of community uses the location of residence as the basis for its determination. The assumption is that those who live in these locations are the most familiar with their surroundings. The high displacement of urban residents causes some of them

One of the public transportation choice in Jakarta and the surrounding areas is the Commuter Line (CL). However, this transportation mode is facing many problems related to behavior deviations that carried out by passengers. Even the CL management already has a code of conduct and security guard, passengers tend to break the law. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the passenger's behavior in the

Cimandiri fault is an active fault indicated by the appearance of hot springs that prove the presence of geothermal activity. The hot springs have different temperature due to physical characteristics in each location. The purpose of this research is to find geothermal prospective region based on physical characteristics at Cimandiri fault, West Java. This research uses integrated survey methods between

The forests of Malaysia have been systematically managed with the establishment of the Forestry Department in 1901, whereby ecologically and environmentally sound forest conservation and management practices have been developed to ensure forest renewal and sustained yield. The evolution of forest management studies was documented with the chronological of attempts by Malaysia toward achieving the aim

Mental maps concept emerged in discussions among experts since the 1960s where the concept was combined using participatory in exploring the visualization of the city and spatial preferences. This study discusses the characteristics of popular eating places based on an evaluation of spatial products in the discussion of space. For comparison purposes, it takes participants who need to fill in the required

Distribution of malls in Depok City is not even throughout the city. Most malls are located in the city center. Distance between malls is relatively close. While most malls are in the center of the city, quite a lot of residential areas are located far from them. The aim of this study is to determine the patterns of shopping behavior of family household needs in Depok City. Respondents are obtained

Waste management is a challenge for city authorities in developing countries especially due to increase of waste. The burden that is incurred on the city budget as a result of the high costs associated with its management and lack of understanding of the diversity of factors that influence the various stages of management. Comparative and descriptive analysis are utilized in this paper to observe the

Semarang City is one of the largest cities in Indonesia. Tidal flooding, flash floods, sea water intrusion at the coast and landslide at the hills, are the issues the city currently dealt with as a side effect of land conversion. This study aims to analyze the landscape and land cover pattern of Semarang City in 1996, 2003, 2016 by using the landscape indices and generate spatial models of the landscape

Citarum Watershed is categorized as a critical watershed due to erosion and environmental damage. Erosion is a continuing long-term problem because of its impact to the economic use and environment. The purpose of this study is to determine the distribution of annual soil erosion by USLE model using Geographic Information System (GIS). The four major input parameters affecting to soil erosion are rainfall

Ci Manuk Flow Area is one of the river basins in Java Island. The Ci Manuk Delta changed from 1963 to 2002. Changes that occurred in the Ci Manuk delta were moved by extensive accretion. The reason for choosing Ci Manuk Delta is because the Ci Manuk flow has a high sedimentation rate compared to other flow areas, besides that, Sumedang Regency has built a dam to hold the sediment flow and repair floods

Natural waters such as rivers are environmental components that need to be considered especially regarding the quality of river water. River water quality can decrease because landuse change as a form of increasing human activity. The purpose of this study is to assess the river water quality of the Ci Lutung Watershed, specifically the Ci Jurey-Sub-Watershed and Ci Deres Sub-Watershed. To assess the

Jakarta bay is a water with high input load due to activities from the surrounding river estuaries comes from Jabodetabek regions. This activity impacts the availability of Total Suspended Matter (TSM) in Jakarta Bay. The problem comes when the concentration of TSM exceeds the carrying capacity of the water thus encouraging plankton to grow and breed rapidly which has caused eutrophication. This research

In Indonesia rural society, remittance sent to families is more economical and routine since it is used to meet the families' life necessities, education, and health, as well as to support the life necessities of whom are taking care of the family during the migrants are in destination areas. Remittances sent to families in migrants' homelands are ideally using for production and investment activities

The potential surface shocks due to the earthquake in Sukabumi is quite high. The purpose of this study is to provide an overview of the potential distribution of earthquake hazards on the earth's surface. The methodology used for the potential earthquake hazard is the Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) approach which is corrected by AVS30 analysis. The final results of the study can provide an overview

The water quality in the northern coastal waters estuary of Central Java has been polluted at a moderate to severe level. Water quality monitoring efforts for evaluating the condition of dissolved sedimentation can be done through total suspended solid methods by analising the remote sensing imagery. Total suspended solid (TSS) is measured by suspended material (diameter> 1 µm) which retained in the

The decline in water level that occurred in Lake Toba, North Sumatra lately has become an important issue for the local government and the community around the lake. Climate factors also have a great impact especially when the extreme conditions ENSO and IOD occurred. The purpose of this research is to look at the relationship between rainfall and the ENSO and IOD through the changing of Lake Toba's