Quarrying of rock aggregates generates produced water that, if not handled properly will be a source of pollution for nearby water bodies, thus affecting the chemistry of the water. This study examined the chemistry, impact of quarrying activities on water resources and the health consequences/risks posed by ingestion of the water by humans in the Akamkpa quarry region in southeastern Nigeria. Thirty

Most of the solidification history of magmas beneath active volcanoes takes place in chemically and physically perturbed plumbing systems where the growth of crystals is collectively governed by a range of kinetic processes related to the dynamics of crustal reservoirs and eruptive conduits. In this context, we have experimentally investigated the partitioning of major, minor, and trace cations between

The production of methane in coastal sediments and its release to the water column is intensified by anthropogenic eutrophication and bottom water hypoxia, and it is still uncertain whether methane emissions to the atmosphere will be enhanced. Here, we assess seasonal variations in methane dynamics in a eutrophic, seasonally euxinic coastal basin (Scharendijke, Lake Grevelingen). In-situ benthic chamber

Some young volcanic rocks have been found to possess intrasample Os-isotope heterogeneity. This has important implications for source tracing and dating. Here, we use a new procedure through which it is possible to sequentially extract, from a single aliquot, the Os/Os ratio of: i) the surface contaminant(s) (hydrobromic acid leachate); ii) the residual bulk rock powder (Step I) and iii) the Os-bearing

Estimations of Earth's earliest surface conditions assume a strong connection between the temperature and oxygen isotopic composition of oceans, balanced by surface weathering and submarine hydrothermal alteration. The oldest preserved supracrustal rocks provide rare opportunities to study and constrain the earliest surface conditions prevailing on the Earth. Here, we present a study of triple oxygen

Bioapatite is widely recognized as the primary carrier for rare earth elements and yttrium (REY) in deep-sea REY-rich muds. The incorporation of REY into bioapatite occurs at the water-sediment interface, which has the potential to serve as a proxy for reconstructing paleoenvironmental conditions. The timing of REY uptake and the fractionation of rare earth elements (REEs) within bioapatite are crucial

The cycling of sulfur (S) to the upper crust and surface via thermal springs at convergent margins has not been explored outside areas with active arc volcanism, even though subduction plays a key role in the Earth's long-term S cycle. To address this knowledge gap, we analyzed stable sulfur and oxygen isotope compositions (δS and δO values) of dissolved sulfate (SO) in 55 thermal springs from five

The Phanerozoic surface ocean is characterized by its high dissolved oxygen content owing to mixing with the atmosphere. However, atmospheric oxygen levels varied in the early Paleozoic and it remains unclear whether the surface ocean was susceptible to significant redox fluctuations in response to extreme environmental events. In this study, we probed the redox structures of shallow middle Cambrian

Serpentinite dehydration in subduction zones plays a pivotal role in geochemical cycling on Earth. A number of geochemical studies on arc magmas have elucidated the contributions of serpentinite-derived fluids to mantle sources. However, due to complex geological overprints during subduction zone processes, discerning serpentinite signatures in exposed metamorphic rocks within fossil subduction zones

Canadian Shield groundwater characterization studies have been conducted over the last four decades through operating mines, underground research areas, and wells installed for a variety of purposes. A newly available database containing chemical and isotopic analytical results of groundwaters includes data from all of these sources and spans the Canadian Shield. The Precambrian Canadian Shield Groundwater

The South Eastern Desert (SED) of Egypt is one of the most promising areas in Egypt; it is widely explored for exploring the rare earth elements (REEs) and uranium-bearing ores. It is a main part of the Arabian-Nubian Shield (ANS). Therefore, the present study concerns with Sikait-Nugrus area as one of the most prolific sites in this region. The study provides a detailed geological, structural, and

Arsenic (As)-rich groundwater poses a serious threat to human life and public environmental safety. In groundwater environments, iron–manganese minerals (FeMn minerals) are widely distributed and have outstanding adsorption and oxidation abilities for many toxic metal ions, making them important heavy metal scavengers. Exploring the application of Nature-based Solutions (NBS) to enhance the natural

Segregation of granitic melts from their reservoir is a key process in the genesis of granites. However, the melt segregation mechanism is still enigmatic because the ability for the segregation of the melts from their magma reservoir decreases with decreasing temperature. Two complementary lithologic units have been identified in the Beidashan pluton of NE China, based on reverse mineral zoning, rimward

Orogenic processes associated with the supercontinent cycle play crucial roles in the evolution of continental crust and surface environments. Detrital zircon records, useful archives of orogenic history, have recently suggested the possibility of orogenic quiescence during the Mesoproterozoic, the so-called . However, detrital zircon may not always provide a precise record of crustal evolution due

Understanding the mechanisms that drive spatial and temporal triple oxygen isotope (Δ′O) variations in modern precipitation is the first step to expanding the utility of these measurements as an environmental tracer jointly with traditional stable isotope parameters δD, δO, and d-excess. However, “totalizers” designed to collect a single precipitation sample pooled over a calendar month and minimize

The stable oxygen isotope ratios of whole tree-ring α-cellulose (δO) have been interpreted as an indicator of early summer hydroclimate in the Meiyu region of East Asia. However, the underlying physical mechanism often remains unclear. Here we provide a mechanistic understanding through intra-annual tree-ring oxygen isotope analysis and process-based δO modelling over the period 1979–2006. The selected

The adsorption of soil dissolved organic matter (DOM) by minerals is crucial for long-term carbon storage and has been extensively studied. However, the variations in soil DOM composition resulting from adsorption by different minerals have rarely been investigated from a spectral perspective. This study examined the impact of non‑iron (kaolinite) and iron-bearing (ferrihydrite) minerals on the concentration

Adsorptive fractionation and oxidation of dissolved organic matter (DOM) on manganese (Mn) oxide surfaces alter the molecular composition and stability of DOM, but the impact of iron (Fe) oxides on the coupled adsorption-oxidation processes of DOM by Mn oxides is largely unknown. In this study, the underlying mechanisms of molecular transformation of DOM on birnessite (Bir) in the presence of ferrihydrite

The global carbon and iron cycles are intimately linked as redox-sensitive iron oxides readily bind organic carbon in a variety of environmental settings, including marine and lacustrine sediments. While these iron-organic carbon complexes sequester vast quantities of organic carbon, the composition of the organic matter within them remains unknown for lacustrine environments. Here we present C K and

The chemical and lithological heterogeneities of Earth's mantle in oceanic settings have long been attributed to the presence of recycled materials such as subducted crust, oceanic or subcontinental lithosphere mantle and sediment, as evidenced by Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts (MORB) and Ocean Island Basalts (OIB). However, the extent to which recycled materials contribute to mantle heterogeneity in continental

In this study, we make a quantitative assessment on the volatile flux of mantle-derived fluids and source of volatiles to explain the geologic controls on the transport of volatiles within thermal fluids of northeastern Anatolia. In line with this objective, we collected 22 samples (gas and water phase) from 16 geothermal fields in NE Turkey covering an area of nearly 100,000 km that extends from the

Nickel and cobalt are potentially critical metals in many countries because of their great significance for national security and economic development, and they are mainly derived from magmatic Ni-Cu‑platinum-group element (PGE) sulfide ore deposits hosted in mafic-ultramafic intrusions. Although Cu isotopes have been used to trace the metallogenic processes in Ni-Cu-(PGE) sulfide deposits, the Cu

Evaporites have recently been suggested as a potential archive for recording the Mg isotope compositions (δMg) of coeval seawater. However, episodic dolomitization during the deposition of massive evaporites could cause considerable Mg removal and isotopic fractionation. To constrain the hydrological changes and influence of dolomitization on ambient brine δMg, we present petrographic and mineralogical

Reversible adsorption and isotope fractionation of boron on the surface of clay minerals is a key process that impacts boron isotope cycling in porewater, rivers and the ocean. However, the differences in boron isotope fractionation factors between various clay minerals and their dependence on fluid chemistry are not well known. We performed two sets of experiments, using solutions of pure water with

Sulfate-driven anaerobic oxidation of methane (SD-AOM) is the key biogeochemical process at marine seeps, seafloor environments sustaining lush chemosynthesis-based life. While an extensive molecular record of SD-AOM has been established for Cenozoic and Mesozoic seeps, to date only one reported case of SD-AOM exists for the Paleozoic. To get new insight into the dominant biogeochemical processes at

Aqueous alteration in planetesimals is one of the earliest geological processes in the solar system. The timing of aqueous alteration sheds light on the timescale of material evolution through water–rock interaction in small bodies. The Mn-Cr decay system, where a short-lived radionuclide Mn decays to Cr with a half-life of 3.7 Myr, is a powerful tool for dating carbonates in primitive meteorites that

Chemical and isotopic measurements of HIDALGO, a stoichiometrically pure hibonite inclusion found in the matrix of the Dar al Gani 027 meteorite, were conducted by secondary ion mass spectrometry to investigate its origin and evolution. HIDALGO is characterized by large mass-dependent isotope fractionations in O, Ca, and Ti, as well as large negative anomalies in neutron-rich Ca and Ti, making it the

Mercury (Hg) concentrations normalized to their dominant hosts have been widely used to identify geological events such as massive volcanic eruptions. However, the modern Hg cycle has significantly changed, and the implications of host-normalized Hg concentrations for the Hg dynamics in contemporary coastal environments (e.g., sources, delivery mechanisms, and Hg fluxes) remain poorly understood. In

Recent work has highlighted the need to distinguish the contribution(s) of different populations of petrographically and isotopically distinct pyrites to interpret bulk δS sedimentary values. To address this, we developed a method for micron-scale isotopic characterization of petrographically diverse sedimentary pyrites within a multimineralic matrix using ion imaging with a 7f-GEO secondary ion mass

By taking advantage of recent analytical advances, we herein develop the Ra/Th isotope systematics as a novel tool for quantifying nitrate and dissolved silicate fluxes across the sediment–water interface of the deep-ocean floor. Sediment cores were retrieved from the seabed between 4927 m and 5951 m in the North Pacific Ocean. Downcore profiles of Th and both dissolved and total Ra were measured using

We present, for the first time, comprehensive Re-Os isotopic data for 23 late Cenozoic intraplate basaltic rocks from seven locations (Mount Baekdu, Jeongok, Baengnyeong Island, Ganseong, Ullueng Island, Dok Island, and Jeju Island) on the Korean Peninsula. The Re-Os isotopic system serves as an important tracer of processes such as the reworking of old continental lithosphere or the deep crustal recycling

The present-day edifice of Taranaki volcano, New Zealand, is largely made up of lava flows extruded over approximately the last 8 kyr. The crystal cargo of plagioclase, pyroxene and amphibole in these lavas displays varied major, minor, and trace element zoning patterns, pointing to long and complex crystal growth histories. Crystal zoning patterns do not vary systematically between stratigraphic units

Establishing the temporal evolution of the ureilite parent body(ies) is crucial for understanding the quantitative timescale of planetesimal formation and evolution in the protoplanetary disk. In order to establish a timeline for these early processes, age constraints on the accretion, differentiation and secondary reduction were obtained with the short-lived Mn-Cr chronometer to whole-rock and sequentially

Nb and Ta are geochemical twins, yet their ratio varies considerably in igneous rocks. It is generally supposed that felsic melts coexisting with residual rutile will have elevated Nb/Ta ratios relative to their basalt precursors, which is pivotal to our understanding of deep crustal melting and continent formation throughout Earth’s history. This study reports petrological, bulk-rock and mineral geochemical

I have done major element analyses by electron microprobe, in-situ trace element analyses by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and instrumental neutron activation analyses on bulk samples of olivine grains separated from main-group and Eagle-Station pallasites. Most main-group pallasite olivines have homogeneous Fe/Mg yet have varying Fe/Mn. Those few with anomalously ferroan

Titanium (Ti), a typical rock-forming element, is traditionally considered to be lithophile, incompatible, and fluid-immobile, and is recognized as a significant proxy for understanding the oceanic environments, such as the content of terrestrial materials in modern marine sediments. However, recent investigations have revealed the production of various titania minerals through the alteration of volcanic

Volcanic clasts from the International Ocean Discovery Program Site U1431 in the South China Sea (SCS) were analyzed for V isotopic compositions in this study. These volcanic clasts represent mantle-derived carbonated melts and record the transition from carbonated melts to alkali basalts. Based on the formation sequence, these clast samples were divided into early-stage (> 8.3 Ma) and late-stage (<

Ocean temperature, redox state, circulation, and nutrient levels regulate the marine nitrogen (N) cycle, yet their specific impacts during greenhouse intervals remain poorly understood. Here, we examined the Smithian–Spathian hyperthermal event (∼250.5 Ma) during the Early Triassic greenhouse using stable N isotopes (δN) from sedimentary records in the Nanpanjiang Basin and Northern Yangtze Basin of

Apatite serves as a notable host for diverse volatiles, but experimental data concerning the mobilities of volatiles out of its lattice remains scarce. Despite several investigations elucidating the diffusivities of F, Cl, and OH, their interplay mechanism remains poorly understood. Herein, to unveil the mobilities of hydrogen, fluorine, and carbon out of the apatite lattice and their intricate interaction

Understanding the phase equilibria and physical-chemical characteristics of the CH–CO–HO–NaCl quaternary system is important for evaluating costs and risks for the storage of CO in depleted natural gas reservoirs as well as fluid inclusion studies. In this study, phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of this system were investigated through the utilization of a statistical association fluid

The lack of strong geothermal manifestations and limited fumarolic activity has sparked widespread debate about the presence of active magma reservoirs beneath the Wudalianchi volcanic field (WVF). Helium (He) in hydrological systems is sensitive and responsive to the mixture of mantle-derived He, making it an excellent tool for deciphering mantle-derived magmatic processes. Through investigating dissolved

Belemnites were a type of cephalopod abundant in the Jurassic and Cretaceous, whose fossils have been extensively used for paleo-oceanographic studies. For this study, we analyzed 69 elements by Inductively Coupled Plasma-Sector Field Mass Spectrometry (ICP-SFMS) in 15 belemnite rostra from the West Rodiles section in the Asturian Basin, Northern Spain. We aim to determine if belemnite rostra carbonate

Reconstructing the lithium isotope composition (δLi) of ancient seawater and lacustrine environment is crucial for tracing silicate weathering processes that regulate Earth's carbon cycle and climate. This study examines the reliability of evaporite minerals in preserving the Li isotope signature of the original brines from which they precipitate. We conducted evaporation experiments on modern natural

Halite deposits have long been utilized for interrogating past climate conditions. Microthermometry on halite fluid inclusions has been used to determine ancient water temperatures. One notable obstacle in performing microthermometric measurements, however, is the lack of a vapor bubble in the single-phase liquid inclusions at room temperature. (Pseudo-) isochoric cooling of the inclusions to high

The degree of oxygenation of the marine water column and sediments has a major impact on the dynamics of biogeochemical cycles and habitability for life. Reconstructing past changes in marine oxygenation through time is therefore crucial for our understanding of the evolution of Earth’s system and Life. Although a range of inorganic and organic proxies exist to reconstruct changes in water column and/or

Speleothem paleoclimate records from the Peruvian Andes have been interpreted to reflect the strength of the South American monsoon. While these interpretations have been verified through comparison with other regional and global climate records, the mechanics of the cave environment that facilitate the preservation of this signal with such consistency remain unstudied. Here, we present four years

To investigate the role of carbonate recycling in generating ultrapotassic magmatic rocks, we carried out detailed MgZn isotope analyses of silica-saturated to silica-unsaturated ultrapotassic volcanic rocks from the Central Mediterranean basin. These rocks have lower Mg isotopic compositions (δMg = −0.40‰ to −0.21‰, = 20) than the mantle and exhibit MORB-like Zn isotopic compositions (δZn = 0.23‰

Magmatic-hydrothermal processes associated with granitic rocks are crucial for magma evolution and rare metal enrichment. This study presents Rb isotope compositions (δRb) for whole rocks and Rb-enriched minerals (biotite and K-feldspar) from the Qitianling granite pluton in South China, which hosts one of the world’s largest Sn-ore deposits. This pluton comprises three stages of granitic evolution