In response to environmental challenges and the demand for sustainability, this study explores a novel engineering structure, harnessing the potential of bio-based materials within the framework of composite sandwich structures. This investigation employs finite element modeling to assess sandwich structures composed of End-grain balsa wood and fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) facesheets. These facesheets

In this study, we present a new framework of physics-informed non-intrusive reduced-order modeling (ROM) of dynamical systems modeled by parametric, partial differential equations (PDEs). Given new time and parameter values of a PDE, the framework utilizes trained physics-informed ML models to quickly estimate high-fidelity solutions while simultaneously observing the constraints and dynamics of the

This study proposes a thermal-mechanical coupling-inspired inelastic constitutive law for the growth and atrophy (for the increase and decrease of volume and mass) of biological soft tissues. The thermal-mechanical coupling-inspired formulation realizes the multiphysics modeling between the mechanical field and a scalar field, say the nutrition field, that represents the transportations of the nutrition

The Fast Forward Quantum Optimization Algorithm (FFQOA) is a novel quantum-inspired heuristic search algorithm, drawing inspiration from the movement and displacement activities of wavefunctions associated with quantum particles. This algorithm has demonstrated remarkable effectiveness in predicting time series, clustering biomedical images, and optimizing the performance of convolutional neural networks

The designability of Continuous fiber-reinforced polymers (CFRPs) and the advance in additive manufacturing create more opportunities for tailorable topology and fiber-paths, thereby enhancing structural performance. However, challenges for structural optimization imposed by the complex failure modes of composite require further resolution. This study develops a novel strength-based optimization method

Conventional phase field modeling of fracture uses the degraded strain energy density (SED) at the crack tip as a material damage index to drive crack growth. To avoid non-physical evolution in crack phase-field, various SED splitting schemes have been adopted, resulting in the development of “anisotropic”-SED-based formulations to better capture the realistic crack nucleation and propagation under

This paper proposes a topology optimization framework for three-dimensional continuum structures subjected to design-dependent loads, including gravity, centrifugal, and hydrostatic pressure loads. First, this study utilizes the parameterized level set method (PLSM) with unstructured meshes to effectively handle complex structural shapes and boundary conditions. Second, this work employs parallel computing

A full-range fatigue life prediction model based on a hybrid physics-informed and data-driven model (HPDM) specifically for the deck-rib welds of orthotropic steel decks (OSDs) is proposed. A physical information framework was established, which considers the effective notch stress concentration factors caused by weld geometry, different mean stress correction models, and welding residual stresses

With the increasing usage of thermoplastic composites, ultrasonic welding has become a critical joining technique owing to its superior performance. However, due to the heterogeneity of the welded joint, the damage evolution mechanism is complex and hard to predict its fatigue performance. In this paper, the fatigue damage evolution behavior of CF/PEEK ultrasonic welded joints is systematically investigated

Pore defects can exist in additively manufactured (AM) components, even with optimized process parameters and post processing techniques. Lack of fusion (LOF) defects can be detrimental to fatigue, and understanding their influence on near threshold behavior is necessary for the damage tolerant design of aerospace components. This work presents a modeling framework to predict an indicator for the near

This paper establishes a generic framework for the nonlocal modeling of anisotropic damage at finite strains. By the combination of two recent works, the new framework allows for the flexible incorporation of different established hyperelastic finite strain material formulations into anisotropic damage whilst ensuring mesh-independent results by employing a generic set of micromorphic gradient-extensions

The Finite Element Method (FEM) is a widely used technique for simulating crash scenarios with high accuracy and reliability. To reduce the significant computational costs associated with FEM, the Finite Element Method Integrated Networks (FEMIN) framework integrates neural networks (NNs) with FEM solvers. We discuss two different approaches to integrate the predictions of NNs into explicit FEM simulation:

We present and analyze two stabilized finite element methods for solving numerically the Poisson–Nernst–Planck equations. The stabilization we consider is carried out by using a shock detector and a discrete graph Laplacian operator for the ion equations, whereas the discrete equation for the electric potential need not be stabilized. Discrete solutions stemmed from the first algorithm preserve both

Goal-oriented a posteriori error estimation is crucial for solving partial differential equations (PDEs) efficiently and reliably. The Virtual Element Method (VEM) shows promise in this context due to its ability to handle general polygonal elements, eliminating the need for special treatment of hanging nodes. However, a suitable framework for goal-oriented error estimation in VEM has not been developed

This study investigates the transient fatigue crack growth (FCG) behaviour of AlSi10Mg aluminium alloy specimens produced by laser powder bed fusion and subjected to different post-processing treatments, including as-built, as-built shot-peened, stress-relieved, and stress-relieved shot-peened conditions. FCG tests were performed under constant amplitude (R = 0.05) and single tensile overload conditions

The structural components of a moving vehicle are subjected to non-stationary multi-directional excitations from irregular road profiles. Multiaxial fatigue analysis under non-stationary dynamic excitations plays a crucial role in accurately predicting the fatigue life of automotive components. A time-domain method for multiaxial fatigue analysis of automotive components under non-stationary loads

Seismic response prediction presents a significant challenge in earthquake engineering, particularly in balancing computational efficiency with physical accuracy. Traditional numerical methods are computationally expensive for performing large-scale nonlinear analyses, while data-driven machine learning approaches, though computational efficiency, often lack physical constraints and sufficient training

The discrete unified gas kinetic scheme (DUGKS) has emerged as a promising Boltzmann solver capable of effectively capturing flow physics across all Knudsen numbers. However, simulating rarefied flows at high Knudsen numbers remains computationally demanding. This paper introduces a parametric Gaussian quadrature (PGQ) rule designed to improve the computational efficiency of DUGKS. The PGQ rule employs

The numerous advantages of the Selective Laser Melting (SLM) technology have made it a quite common Additive Manufacturing (AM) process for components made in metals and metallic alloys. Several factors, like building direction, defects, residual stresses and corrosion can substantially jeopardize the performance of the finished products obtained with such manufacturing process. In this regard, the

We analyze a model of the evolution of a (solid) magnetoelastic material. More specifically, the model we consider describes the evolution of a compressible magnetoelastic material with a non-convex energy and coupled to a gradient flow equation for the magnetization in the quasi-static setting. The viscous dissipation considered in this model induces an extended material derivative in the magnetic

How to accurately quantify the uncertainty of stochastic dynamical responses affected by uncertain loads and structural parameters is an important issue in structural safety and reliability analysis. In this paper, the conditional uncertainty propagation problem for the dynamical response of stochastic structures considering the measurement data with random error is studied in depth. A method for extracting

The design of high-resolution topology-optimised (TO) structures is important for many industrial and medical applications because of their better mechanical performance under different load conditions. Traditional density-based TO methods, like the Solid Isotropic Material with Penalisation (SIMP) method, can produce detailed designs but are very computationally expensive, especially for fine meshes

This study is dedicated to the multi-material topology optimization formulation (MMTO) for finite strain nonlocal elastoplasticity. The subloading surface model is newly incorporated into the primal problem to achieve the gradual change of the deformation process from pure elastic to material-specific plastic hardening. The stress–strain relationship of the model is a smooth continuous function, which

We present a quantitative comparison between two different Implicit–Explicit Runge–Kutta (IMEX-RK) approaches for the Euler equations of gas dynamics, specifically tailored for the low Mach limit. In this regime, a classical IMEX-RK approach involves an implicit coupling between the momentum and energy balance so as to avoid the acoustic CFL restriction, while the density can be treated in a fully

In this study, fretting fatigue tests were performed on dovetail assemblies. The displacement and strain of the components during testing were recorded using Digital Image Correlation (DIC) equipment. The results revealed that the dovetail assembly gradually exhibited a sticking phenomenon, stabilizing after approximately 10,000 cycles, with relative slip significantly reduced compared to the initial

Fatigue Indicator Parameters (FIPs), derived from cyclic intragranular and intergranular mechanical variables using the Crystal Plasticity Finite Element Method (CPFEM), can serve as surrogate measures of the driving force for fatigue crack formation within the first grain or nucleant phase. Simulating larger sample (i.e., increasing the number of grains) using CPFEM generally result in higher maximum

In recent years, the phase field method has been widely used in the simulation of fatigue crack propagation. However, fine mesh and cyclic simulation cycle by cycle significantly increase the computational cost of phase field simulation, which poses challenges in simulating the entire process of fatigue crack propagation. This paper proposes a cycle jump method considering the effect of plasticity

Physics-informed neural network (PINN) prevails as a differentiable computational network to unify forward and inverse analysis of partial differential equations (PDEs). However, PINN suffers limited ability in complex transient physics with nonsmooth heterogeneity, and the training cost can be unaffordable. To this end, we propose a novel framework named physics-encoded convolutional attention network

Metal additive manufacturing via laser-based powder bed fusion (PBF-LB/M) faces performance-critical challenges due to complex melt pool and vapor dynamics, often oversimplified by computational models that neglect crucial aspects, such as vapor jet formation. To address this limitation, we propose a consistent computational multi-physics mesoscale model to study melt pool dynamics, laser-induced evaporation

This study investigates the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) behavior of ductile iron (DI) using experimental and analytical method. The fatigue behavior of DI was assessed under both torsion fatigue and RCF. The RCF of DI was assessed by a 3 ball-on-rod test rig at a peak pressure of 3.6 GPa. Torsion fatigue tests were performed using an MTS test setup to determine the material’s stress-life (S-N) response

This study employs a cutting-edge process known as laser-assisted ultrasonic nanocrystal surface modification (LA-UNSM) to form a surface composite gradient deformation layer on A100 ultra-high strength steel to harmonize its corrosion and fatigue characteristics. The results revealed that the innovative method softened the sample surface via laser preheating, while the ultrasonic impact forged a composite

A new statistical technique is proposed to quantify the experimental uncertainty observed during ultrasonic fatigue testing of metals and its propagation into the stress-lifetime predictive curve. Hierarchical Bayesian method is employed during the calibration and operation steps of ultrasonic fatigue testing for the first time in this paper. This is particularly important due to the significant dispersion

Soft magnetorheological elastomers (s-MREs) are a kind of smart composites composed of a mechanically soft viscoelastic matrix filled with soft magnetic particles. This work provides a standard two-potential framework for the constitutive model of s-MREs incorporating viscous dissipative mechanism, which rigorously adheres to the physical constrains imposed by even magneto-mechanical coupling, material

Hamiltonian operator inference has been developed in Sharma et al. (2022) to learn structure-preserving reduced-order models (ROMs) for Hamiltonian systems. The method constructs a low-dimensional model using only data and knowledge of the functional form of the Hamiltonian. The resulting ROMs preserve the intrinsic structure of the system, ensuring that the mechanical and physical properties of the

The Dimension-Reduced Probability Density Evolution Equation (DR-PDEE) provides a promising tool for evaluating the evolution of probability density in high-dimensional stochastic dynamical systems. However, solving DR-PDEE relies heavily on accurately identifying unknown spatio-temporal-dependent intrinsic drift coefficients, which drive the evolution of probability density. Recognizing the potential

A novel plastic-damage model is presented for the study of materials exhibiting combined plastic strain accumulation and stiffness degradation. This constitutive law is based on a phenomenological pseudo-composite theory, the Rule of Mixture (RoM), in which each constitutive behaviour, damage and plasticity, act as a virtual material component of the whole physical entity. In this way, each nonlinearity

Continuous monitoring and real-time control of high-dimensional distributed systems are often crucial in applications to ensure a desired physical behavior, without degrading stability and system performances. Traditional feedback control design that relies on full-order models, such as high-dimensional state-space representations or partial differential equations, fails to meet these requirements

Hydromechanical models of Darcy–Brinkman–Stokes type consider mass- and momentum conservation of an incompressible fluid on a domain with varying permeability. They include the two important limits of free flow governed by the classical Navier–Stokes equations and porous Darcy flow. The conceptual simplicity makes the model attractive from a modeling perspective, but any numerical solution procedure

Accurately modeling fracture of ductile materials poses open challenges in the field of computational mechanics due to the multiphysics nature of their failure processes. Integrating the interplay between thermodynamics and damage into ductile fracture models is vital for predicting critical failure modes. In this paper, we develop a versatile phase-field (PF) framework for modeling ductile fracture

In this paper, an implicit cell-based material point method (MPM) with particle boundaries is proposed to effectively solve large deformation static problems. The volume integrals of the incremental weak form based on an updated Lagrangian approach are evaluated at integration points defined by equally sub-dividing grid cells, which eliminates the cell-crossing error and reduces the integration error

Flexoelectricity is an electromechanical coupling phenomenon in which electric polarization is generated in response to strain gradients. This effect is size-dependent and becomes increasingly significant at micro- and nanoscale dimensions. While heterogeneous flexoelectric materials demonstrate enhanced electromechanical properties, their effective application in nanotechnology requires robust homogenization

Accurately analyzing the probabilistic responses of high-dimensional nonlinear dynamical structures subjected to non-white and non-stationary stochastic excitations is a critical and challenging task. To address this issue, an efficient stochastic response analysis method is proposed by constructing an auxiliary diffusion process related to the non-white and non-stationary excitation process and incorporating

The fatigue life of components under cyclic loading is highly sensitive to surface conditions, as imperfections lead to stress concentrations and early fatigue crack initiation. This study investigates the fatigue performance of both rough and smooth specimens made from S355 low-alloy carbon steel using a cold metal transfer (CMT)-based wire arc additive manufacturing (WAAM) process. Three types of

The influence of a hybrid surface modification combining fine particle peening (FPP), which is defined as peening using particles less than 200 μm in diameter, and sulfurizing on the fatigue properties of low-alloy steels (AISI4120) were investigated. Three types of sulfurized samples were prepared by electrochemical polishing and FPP with iron(II) sulfide (FeS) particles or steel particles as a pre-treatment

Fatigue crack closure (FCC) and growth (FCG) behavior under variable amplitude loading (VAL) are ubiquitous in engineering structures. With the plasticity-induced cack closure concept, Budiansky and Hutchinson (1978) pioneered the analytical FCC model under plane stress state and constant amplitude loading (CAL) conditions with stress ratio R ≥ 0. Here, we developed the analytical model into three-dimensional

As an advanced construction material, ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) has gained prominence in rehabilitating aging concrete infrastructure. When UHPC is bonded to normal strength concrete (NC), the interface between two types of concrete becomes a potential weak link, especially under fatigue loading. This vulnerability is further compounded by restrained shrinkage, which arises from the significant

This paper addresses the issue of the influence of geometry and size on the fatigue strength of steel butt weld joints. It aims to develop a series of continuously defined influencing factors, similar to the stress concentration factors in conventional un-welded notches. Such coefficients are mainly based on theoretical outcomes from Fracture Mechanics and Notch Mechanics and, where necessary, they

Blisks (bladed disks) are critical components in modern aero-engines that offer significant weight savings compared to conventional blade and disk rotor designs, resulting in improved fuel efficiency. However, due to their integrated design, blisks are susceptible to unique failure modes following foreign object damage (FOD) and crack initiation. Of particular interest is the trajectory of crack propagation

Hydrogels are particularly versatile materials that are widely found in both Nature and industry. One key reason for this versatility is their high water content, which lets them dramatically change their volume and many of their mechanical properties – often by orders of magnitude – as they swell and dry out. Currently, we lack techniques that can precisely characterize how these properties change

A pull-off force Fc is required to separate two objects in adhesive contact. For a rigid sphere on an elastic slab, the classic Johnson–Kendall–Roberts (JKR) theory predicts Fc=32πγRs, where γ represents the interface adhesion or toughness and Rs is the radius of the sphere. Here, we investigate an alternative, extreme scenario: the pull-off force required to detach a rigid, frictionless sphere from

Porous structures have gained widespread applications in aerospace, biomedical, and other fields due to their lightweight, high specific strength, and energy absorption properties. However, existing gradient design methods for Voronoi porous structures predominantly rely on iterative optimization and explicit modeling, which suffer from high computational costs, insufficient precision in local density

The goal of this work is to develop a machine-learning enabled digital-twin to rapidly ascertain optimal programming to achieve desired tactical multi-drone swarmlike behavior. There are two main components of this work. The first main component is a framework comprised of a multibody dynamics model for multiple interacting agents, augmented with a machine-learning paradigm that is based on the capability

Effect of multilevel lamellar microstructures (MLMs) on notch high cycle fatigue (NHCF) property and microcrack initiation behavior of TC21 alloy were systematically investigated. The MLMs was created via a triple heat treatment, including parallel-aligned α laths (αlath) within the α colony (αc) and aged α fine lamellae (αfine) in the β transformation matrix (βtrans). Results indicate that microstructural

This work proposes a novel Isogeometric Analysis (IGA) extension of the assumed natural strain (ANS) method to alleviate locking phenomena in solid beams, which are modeled as 3D elements accounting for displacement degrees of freedom solely and designed such that accurate analyses can be generally obtained using only one element to discretize the structure’s cross-section. ANS methods substitute covariant

3D swept volume, enabled by advancements in additive manufacturing, present new opportunities for lightweight and functional optimization. However, efficient design methodologies for conformal filling gradient lattice structures (CFGLSs) remain scarce. This paper proposes a modified level set function (MLSF) that matches lattice structures to the geometry of 3D swept volume. Furthermore, a multiscale

The Material Point Method (MPM) has been shown to be an effective approach for analysing large deformation processes across a range of physical problems. However, the method suffers from a number of spurious artefacts, such as a widely documented cell crossing instability, which can be mitigated by adopting basis functions with higher order continuity. The larger stencil of these basis functions exacerbate

A fine-grained UHPC, both undamaged and damaged by fatigue loading, was comparatively examined by various microstructural analytical methods, to evaluate the different techniques with respect to their applicability and relevance for the investigation of fatigue damage processes. The fatigue tests were stopped at the transition from phase II to phase III of the s-shaped strain development. The cyclic