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Smart electro-magneto-viscoelastomer minimum energy structures with particle-reinforcements: Theoretical equilibrium and nonlinear dynamics of actuated configurations Int. J. Eng. Sci. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 A. Khurana, S. Naskar, R.K. Varma, T. Mukhopadhyay
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Microfabricated Atomic Vapor Cells with Multi-Optical Channels Based on an Innovative Inner-Sidewall Molding Process Engineering (IF 12.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Mingzhi Yu, Yao Chen, Yongliang Wang, Xiangguang Han, Guoxi Luo, Libo Zhao, Yanbin Wang, Yintao Ma, Shun Lu, Ping Yang, Qijing Lin, Kaifei Wang, Zhuangde Jiang
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Toward Trustworthy Decision-Making for Autonomous Vehicles: A Robust Reinforcement Learning Approach with Safety Guarantees Engineering (IF 12.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Xiangkun He, Wenhui Huang, Chen Lv
While autonomous vehicles are vital components of intelligent transportation systems, ensuring the trustworthiness of decision-making remains a substantial challenge in realizing autonomous driving. Therefore, we present a novel robust reinforcement learning approach with safety guarantees to attain trustworthy decision-making for autonomous vehicles. The proposed technique ensures decision trustworthiness
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Global science is splintering into two — and this is becoming a problem Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-29
The United States and China are pursuing parallel scientific tracks. To solve crises on multiple fronts, the two roads need to become one.
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A new kind of solar cell is coming: is it the future of green energy? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-29
Firms commercializing perovskite–silicon ‘tandem’ photovoltaics say that the panels will be more efficient and could lead to cheaper electricity.
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Why is China’s high-quality research footprint becoming more introverted? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-29
Data from the Nature Index suggest China-based authors are increasingly publishing without international colleagues.
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Daily briefing: Data centres’ huge ‘water footprint’ becomes clear amid AI boom Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
‘Thirsty’ computing hubs could put pressure on already stretched water resources in sub-Saharan Africa. Plus, GPT-4 generates fake data set to support bogus science and what the OpenAI drama means for AI progress — and safety.
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How the ‘right to science’ can help us overcome the many crises we face today Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
The Universal Declaration of Human Rights — proclaimed 75 years ago — describes science as fundamental to humanity. Upholding this right has never been more relevant than it is now.
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‘My collaborations would see me jailed’: Australian researchers fear proposed new laws Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
Under the proposal, technology with potential military use would need authorization to be shared with non-Australian colleagues.
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Daily briefing: Furore over ‘oldest pyramid’ claim Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
A paper claiming that a structure in Indonesia is the oldest pyramid in the world has raised the eyebrows of archaeologists. Plus, some anglerfish species live life upside down and babies start learning language in the womb.
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This sparrow massively expands part of its brain in preparation for mating Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
The trick baffles researchers — but they are getting closer to understanding how the songbird does it.
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Daily briefing: What’s causing a pneumonia surge in China Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-27
A spike in respiratory illnesses in children is the result of common winter infections — not a novel pathogen. Plus, how to stop waves in their tracks and why we might embrace the feeling of uncertainty.
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Optimal online energy management strategy of a fuel cell hybrid bus via reinforcement learning Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 10.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Pengyi Deng, Xiaohua Wu, Jialuo Yang, Gang Yang, Ping Jiang, Jibin Yang, Xiaolei Bian
An energy management strategy (EMS) based on reinforcement learning is proposed in this study to enhance the fuel economy and durability of a fuel cell hybrid bus (FCHB). Firstly, a comprehensive powertrain system model for the FCHB is established, mainly including the FCHB’s power balance, fuel cell system (FCS) efficiency, and aging models. Secondly, the state–action space, state transition probability
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Modeling and simulation of dynamic characteristics of a green ammonia synthesis system Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 10.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Zhixin Sun, Yuanchao Zhang, Hongji Huang, Yu Luo, Li Lin, Lilong Jiang
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A wideband low frequency 3D printed electromagnetic energy harvester based on orthoplanar springs Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 10.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Lorenzo Nicolini, Davide Castagnetti
Electromagnetic energy harvesters are commonly known for their high performances in terms of power output conversion, and they are suitable for low frequency environmental vibrations. This work reports the study, design, development and experimental validation of a new extremely compact, low frequency, electromagnetic energy harvester based on two stacked ortho-planar springs, which exploits a promising
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Integration of power to gas and biomass charcoal in oxygen blast furnace ironmaking Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 10.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Manuel Bailera, Boris Rebolledo
The paper introduces a novel approach for mitigating CO2 emissions in blast furnaces by integrating top gas recycling, an oxy-fuel regime, power to gas, and biomass pyrolysis. Various case studies were conducted, involving the adjustment of pyrolysis temperatures (300 °C, 500 °C, 700 °C, and 900 °C) and varying the quantity of blast furnace gas directed to methanation for carbon recycling. Pinus radiata
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State governments could revolutionize health-care data Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
Letter to the Editor
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From the archive: renaming the proton, and enthusiasm for sanitary matters Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
Snippets from Nature’s past.
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Extraterrestrial life: back story for the control experiment Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
Letter to the Editor
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Submitting papers to several journals at once Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
Letter to the Editor
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Adjust the format of papers to improve description by AI Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
Letter to the Editor
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China and California are leading the way on climate cooperation. Others should follow Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
California governor Gavin Newsom’s delegation is building on existing research and policy initiatives with China, showing that effective climate action can happen below the national level.
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How effective are climate protests at swaying policy — and what could make a difference? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Dana R. Fisher, Oscar Berglund, Colin J. Davis
Why people take to the streets to march against global heating is relatively well documented. But it’s unclear why certain tactics work better than others in reaching the public and policymakers.
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This is how the world finally ends the HIV/AIDS pandemic Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 John Nkengasong, Mike Reid, Ingrid T. Katz
Putting the specific needs of individuals and communities at the heart of HIV/AIDS care, by harnessing behavioural science, is key to building on the progress already been made.
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These volunteers want to be infected with disease to aid research — will their altruism help? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
An advocacy group is pushing for more ‘human challenge’ trials to spur vaccine discovery. Following COVID-19 and Zika studies, hepatitis C could be next.
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A 27,000-year-old pyramid? Controversy hits an extraordinary archaeological claim Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-28
The massive buried structures at Gunung Padang in Indonesia would be far older than Egypt’s great pyramids — if they’re even human constructions at all.
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What’s behind China’s mysterious wave of childhood pneumonia? Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-27
Scientists expected a surge in respiratory disease, but what is happening in China is unusual.
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15 years after a giant leap for cancer genomics Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Sheng F. Cai, Ross L. Levine
Advances made since the era of genome analysis of cancer cells commenced.
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Anthropocene briefing: What it will take to stay below 1.5 °C Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-24
Can the world get back on track with efforts to stay under 1.5 ℃ of warming? Plus: The US is set to announce its strategy for international partnerships to commercialize nuclear-fusion power.
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Performance optimization of solid oxide electrolysis cell for syngas production by high temperature co-electrolysis via differential evolution algorithm with practical constraints Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 10.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Yuxuan Fei, Ang Li, Chen Zhang, Hengyong Tu, Lei Zhu, Zhen Huang
Co-electrolysis of water and carbon dioxide using solid oxide electrolysis cell combined with the catalytic reactor to produce renewable synthesis fuel is considered as a promising strategy for carbon dioxide utilization. However, in order to achieve a target product with a remarkable system-level efficiency, a certain proportion of carbon monoxide and hydrogen from solid oxide electrolysis cell must
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Solar oil refinery: Solar-driven hybrid chemical cracking of residual oil towards efficiently upgrading fuel and abundantly generating hydrogen Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 10.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-25 Chaoying Li, Meng Wang, Nana Li, Di Gu, Chao Yan, Dandan Yuan, Hong Jiang, Baohui Wang, Xirui Wang
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Nanoscale chemical imaging with structured X-ray illumination Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Jizhou Li, Si Chen, Daniel Ratner, Thierry Blu, Piero Pianetta, Yijin Liu
High-resolution imaging with compositional and chemical sensitivity is crucial for a wide range of scientific and engineering disciplines. Although synchrotron X-ray imaging through spectromicroscopy has been tremendously successful and broadly applied, it encounters challenges in achieving enhanced detection sensitivity, satisfactory spatial resolution, and high experimental throughput simultaneously
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Nucleolin binds to and regulates transcription of hepatitis B virus covalently closed circular DNA minichromosome Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Yuchen Xia, Xiaoming Cheng, Tobias Nilsson, Min Zhang, Gaihong Zhao, Tadashi Inuzuka, Yan Teng, Yao Li, D. Eric Anderson, Meghan Holdorf, T. Jake Liang
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) remains a major public health threat with nearly 300 million people chronically infected worldwide who are at a high risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma. Current therapies are effective in suppressing HBV replication but rarely lead to cure. Current therapies do not affect the HBV covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA), which serves as the template for viral transcription
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Structure of the Lysinibacillus sphaericus Tpp49Aa1 pesticidal protein elucidated from natural crystals using MHz-SFX Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Lainey J. Williamson, Marina Galchenkova, Hannah L. Best, Richard J. Bean, Anna Munke, Salah Awel, Gisel Pena, Juraj Knoska, Robin Schubert, Katerina Dörner, Hyun-Woo Park, Dennis K. Bideshi, Alessandra Henkel, Viviane Kremling, Bjarne Klopprogge, Emyr Lloyd-Evans, Mark T. Young, Joana Valerio, Marco Kloos, Marcin Sikorski, Grant Mills, Johan Bielecki, Henry Kirkwood, Chan Kim, Raphael de Wijn, Kristina
The Lysinibacillus sphaericus proteins Tpp49Aa1 and Cry48Aa1 can together act as a toxin toward the mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus and have potential use in biocontrol. Given that proteins with sequence homology to the individual proteins can have activity alone against other insect species, the structure of Tpp49Aa1 was solved in order to understand this protein more fully and inform the design of
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A dynamical model of growth and maturation in Drosophila Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 John J. Tyson, Amirali Monshizadeh, Stanislav Y. Shvartsman, Alexander W. Shingleton
The decision to stop growing and mature into an adult is a critical point in development that determines adult body size, impacting multiple aspects of an adult’s biology. In many animals, growth cessation is a consequence of hormone release that appears to be tied to the attainment of a particular body size or condition. Nevertheless, the size-sensing mechanism animals use to initiate hormone synthesis
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Premature transcription termination complex proteins PCF11 and WDR82 silence HIV-1 expression in latently infected cells Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Melissa Ait Said, Fabienne Bejjani, Ahmed Abdouni, Emmanuel Ségéral, Stéphane Emiliani
Postintegration transcriptional silencing of HIV-1 leads to the establishment of a pool of latently infected cells. In these cells, mechanisms controlling RNA Polymerase II (RNAPII) pausing and premature transcription termination (PTT) remain to be explored. Here, we found that the cleavage and polyadenylation (CPA) factor PCF11 represses HIV-1 expression independently of the other subunits of the
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Deletion of Vβ3 + CD4 + T cells by endogenous mouse mammary tumor virus 3 prevents type 1 diabetes induction by autoreactive CD8 + T cells Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Cheng Ye, Sadie A. Clements, Weihong Gu, Aron M. Geurts, Clayton E. Mathews, David. V. Serreze, Yi-Guang Chen, John P. Driver
In both humans and NOD mice, type 1 diabetes (T1D) develops from the autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells by T cells. Interactions between both helper CD4 + and cytotoxic CD8 + T cells are essential for T1D development in NOD mice. Previous work has indicated that pathogenic T cells arise from deleterious interactions between relatively common genes which regulate aspects of T cell activation/effector
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The USP7-STAT3-granzyme-Par-1 axis regulates allergic inflammation by promoting differentiation of IL-5-producing Th2 cells Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Jin Kumagai, Masahiro Kiuchi, Kota Kokubo, Hiroyuki Yagyu, Masahiro Nemoto, Kaori Tsuji, Ken Nagahata, Atsushi Sasaki, Takahisa Hishiya, Miki Onoue, Rie Shinmi, Yuri Sonobe, Tomohisa Iinuma, Syuji Yonekura, Jun Shinga, Toyoyuki Hanazawa, Haruhiko Koseki, Toshinori Nakayama, Koutaro Yokote, Kiyoshi Hirahara
Uncontrolled type 2 immunity by type 2 helper T (Th2) cells causes intractable allergic diseases; however, whether the interaction of CD4 + T cells shapes the pathophysiology of allergic diseases remains unclear. We identified a subset of Th2 cells that produced the serine proteases granzyme A and B early in differentiation. Granzymes cleave protease-activated receptor (Par)-1 and induce phosphorylation
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Stress-activated friction in sheared suspensions probed with piezoelectric nanoparticles Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Hojin Kim, Aaron P. Esser-Kahn, Stuart J. Rowan, Heinrich M. Jaeger
A hallmark of concentrated suspensions is non-Newtonian behavior, whereby the viscosity increases dramatically once a characteristic shear rate or stress is exceeded. Such strong shear thickening is thought to originate from a network of frictional particle–particle contact forces, which forms under sufficiently large stress, evolves dynamically, and adapts to changing loads. While there is much evidence
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mRNA translation in astrocytes controls hippocampal long-term synaptic plasticity and memory Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Vijendra Sharma, Mauricio M. Oliveira, Rapita Sood, Abdessattar Khlaifia, Danning Lou, Mehdi Hooshmandi, Tzu-Yu Hung, Niaz Mahmood, Maya Reeves, David Ho-Tieng, Noah Cohen, Po-chieh Cheng, Mir Munir A. Rahim, Masha Prager-Khoutorsky, Randal J. Kaufman, Kobi Rosenblum, Jean-Claude Lacaille, Arkady Khoutorsky, Eric Klann, Nahum Sonenberg
Activation of neuronal protein synthesis upon learning is critical for the formation of long-term memory. Here, we report that learning in the contextual fear conditioning paradigm engenders a decrease in eIF2α (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2) phosphorylation in astrocytes in the hippocampal CA1 region, which promotes protein synthesis. Genetic reduction of eIF2α phosphorylation in hippocampal
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The perception of auditory motion in sighted and early blind individuals Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Woon Ju Park, Ione Fine
Motion perception is a fundamental sensory task that plays a critical evolutionary role. In vision, motion processing is classically described using a motion energy model with spatiotemporally nonseparable filters suited for capturing the smooth continuous changes in spatial position over time afforded by moving objects. However, it is still not clear whether the filters underlying auditory motion
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A molecular mechanism for the “digital” response of p53 to stress Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Jessy Safieh, Ariel Chazan, Hanna Saleem, Pratik Vyas, Yael Danin-Poleg, Dina Ron, Tali E. Haran
The tumor suppressor protein p53 accumulates in response to cellular stress and consequently orchestrates the expression of multiple genes in a p53-level and time-dependent manner to overcome stress consequences, for which a molecular mechanism is currently unknown. Previously, we reported that DNA torsional flexibility distinguishes among p53 response elements (REs) and that transactivation at basal
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Dominant heterocyclic composition of dissolved organic nitrogen in the ocean: A new paradigm for cycling and persistence Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Taylor A. B. Broek, Matthew D. McCarthy, Hope L. Ianiri, John S. Vaughn, Harris E. Mason, Angela N. Knapp
Marine dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) is one of the planet’s largest reservoirs of fixed N, which persists even in the N-limited oligotrophic surface ocean. The vast majority of the ocean’s total DON reservoir is refractory (RDON), primarily composed of low molecular weight (LMW) compounds in the subsurface and deep sea. However, the composition of this major N pool, as well as the reasons for its
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Sharing names and information: Incidental similarities between CEOs and analysts can lead to favoritism in information disclosure Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Omri Even-Tov, Kanyuan Huang, Brett Trueman, Jonathan E. Bogard, Noah J. Goldstein
When two people coincidentally have something in common (such as a name or birthday), they tend to like each other more and are thus more likely to offer help and comply with requests. This dynamic can have important legal and ethical consequences whenever these incidental similarities give rise to unfair favoritism. Using a large-scale, longitudinal natural experiment, covering nearly 200,000 annual
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Mapping electronic decoherence pathways in molecules Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Ignacio Gustin, Chang Woo Kim, David W. McCamant, Ignacio Franco
Establishing the fundamental chemical principles that govern molecular electronic quantum decoherence has remained an outstanding challenge. Fundamental questions such as how solvent and intramolecular vibrations or chemical functionalization contribute to the decoherence remain unanswered and are beyond the reach of state-of-the-art theoretical and experimental approaches. Here we address this challenge
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Fully activated structure of the sterol-bound Smoothened GPCR-Gi protein complex Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Amy-Doan P. Vo, Soo-Kyung Kim, Moon Young Yang, Alison E. Ondrus, William A. Goddard
Smoothened (SMO) is an oncoprotein and signal transducer in the Hedgehog signaling pathway that regulates cellular differentiation and embryogenesis. As a member of the Frizzled (Class F) family of G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), SMO biochemically and functionally interacts with Gi family proteins. However, key molecular features of fully activated, G protein–coupled SMO remain elusive. We present
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Alterferroicity with seesaw-type magnetoelectricity Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-28 Ziwen Wang, Shuai Dong
Primary ferroicities like ferroelectricity and ferromagnetism are essential physical properties of matter. Multiferroics, with coexisting multiple ferroic orders in a single phase, provide a convenient route to magnetoelectricity. Even so, the general trade-off between magnetism and polarity remains inevitable, which prevents practicable magnetoelectric cross-control in the multiferroic framework.
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Deep, deep down: a day in the life of a subterranean biologist Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-27
Špela Borko tells how cave-diving enhanced her appreciation of the myriad life forms that teem in underground lakes.
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California wildlife pays the cost of megafires Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Holly Smith
Severe wildfires expected to profoundly affect wildlife habitats.
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Chemistry is inaccessible: how to reduce barriers for disabled scientists Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Blaine G. Fiss, Laena D’Alton, Naumih M. Noah
From classrooms to laboratories and conferences, working in chemistry presents huge challenges to disabled, chronically ill and neurodivergent people. Some simple fixes can help to shift the dial.
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Putting low-cost diagnostics to the test Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-27
The COVID-19 pandemic brought home the value of cheap, ‘good enough’ methods of detecting disease. Extending that approach to other illnesses could improve health care in low- and middle-income countries.
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AI under the microscope: the algorithms powering the search for cells Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-27
Deep learning is driving the rapid evolution of algorithms that can automatically find and trace cells in a wide range of microscopy experiments.
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Daily briefing: What we can learn from disasters that were averted Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-24
Tornadoes, earthquakes and wildfires don’t have to lead to death and destruction. Plus, the most powerful cosmic ray since the Oh-My-God particle and a ‘treasure trove’ of new CRISPR systems holds promise for genome editing.
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Genetic continuity and change among the Indigenous peoples of California Nature (IF 64.8) Pub Date : 2023-11-22 Nathan Nakatsuka, Brian Holguin, Jakob Sedig, Paul E. Langenwalter, John Carpenter, Brendan J. Culleton, Cristina García-Moreno, Thomas K. Harper, Debra Martin, Júpiter Martínez-Ramírez, Antonio Porcayo-Michelini, Vera Tiesler, M. Elisa Villapando-Canchola, Alejandro Valdes Herrera, Kim Callan, Elizabeth Curtis, Aisling Kearns, Lora Iliev, Ann Marie Lawson, Matthew Mah, Swapan Mallick, Adam Micco,
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A 3D PtCo degradation model for long-term performance prediction of a scaled-up PEMFC under constant voltage operation Energy Convers. Manag. (IF 10.4) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Yunjie Yang, Minli Bai, Zhifu Zhou, Wei-Tao Wu, Jian Zhao, Lei Wei, Yang Li, Yubai Li, Yongchen Song
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SPA, a Stigma-style-transmitting tract Physical microenvironment Assay for investigating mechano-signaling in pollen tubes Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Xiang Zhou, Wenbo Han, Jiawei Dai, Sujuan Liu, Shiyuan Gao, Yi Guo, Tiegang Xu, Xiaoyue Zhu
Accurate sensing and responding to physical microenvironment are crucial for cell function and survival, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Pollen tube (PT) provides a perfect single-cell model for studying mechanobiology since it’s naturally subjected to complex mechanical instructions from the pistil during invasive growth. Recent reports have revealed discrepant PT behaviors
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Peripheral blood TCR clonotype diversity as an age-associated marker of breast cancer progression Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Jun Nishida, Simona Cristea, Sudheshna Bodapati, Julieann Puleo, Gali Bai, Ashka Patel, Melissa Hughes, Craig Snow, Virginia Borges, Kathryn J. Ruddy, Laura C. Collins, Anne-Marie Feeney, Kara Slowik, Veerle Bossuyt, Deborah Dillon, Nancy U. Lin, Ann H. Partridge, Franziska Michor, Kornelia Polyak
Immune escape is a prerequisite for tumor growth. We previously described a decline in intratumor activated cytotoxic T cells and T cell receptor (TCR) clonotype diversity in invasive breast carcinomas compared to ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), implying a central role of decreasing T cell responses in tumor progression. To determine potential associations between peripheral immunity and breast tumor
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Gene expression in the primate orbitofrontal cortex related to anxious temperament Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Margaux M. Kenwood, Tade Souaiaia, Rothem Kovner, Andrew S. Fox, Delores A. French, Jonathan A. Oler, Patrick H. Roseboom, Marissa K. Riedel, Sascha A. L. Mueller, Ned H. Kalin
Anxiety disorders are among the most prevalent psychiatric disorders, causing significant suffering and disability. Relative to other psychiatric disorders, anxiety disorders tend to emerge early in life, supporting the importance of developmental mechanisms in their emergence and maintenance. Behavioral inhibition (BI) is a temperament that emerges early in life and, when stable and extreme, is linked
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The impact of COVID-19 on a college freshman sample reveals genetic and nongenetic forms of susceptibility and resilience to stress Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. (IF 11.1) Pub Date : 2023-11-27 Cortney A. Turner, Huzefa Khalil, Virginia Murphy-Weinberg, Megan H. Hagenauer, Linda Gates, Yu Tang, Lauren Weinberg, Robert Grysko, Leonor Floran-Garduno, Thomas Dokas, Catherine Samaniego, Zhuo Zhao, Yu Fang, Srijan Sen, Juan F. Lopez, Stanley J. Watson, Huda Akil
Using a longitudinal approach, we sought to define the interplay between genetic and nongenetic factors in shaping vulnerability or resilience to COVID-19 pandemic stress, as indexed by the emergence of symptoms of depression and/or anxiety. University of Michigan freshmen were characterized at baseline using multiple psychological instruments. Subjects were genotyped, and a polygenic risk score for