Energy storage has become the key bottleneck for the large-scale application of renewable energies. Flow batteries, vanadium flow batteries in particular, are well suitable for stationary energy storage and have attracted more and more attention because of their advantages flexible design of power and capacity, high safety and long charge/discharge cycle life. Under the background of the times, urgent

An Industrial Internet platform is acknowledged to be a requisite promoter for smart manufacturing, enabling physical manufacturing resources to be virtualized and permitting resources to collaborate in the form of services. As a central function of the platform, manufacturing service collaboration optimization is dedicated to establishing high-quality service collaboration solutions for manufacturing

Consumption of boiled crayfish may lead to Haff disease (HD), which is considered to result from an unidentified toxin, although the etiology is still obscure. Profiling of the N-glycome in HD would assist in deciphering the underlying molecular mechanism of the disease, whereas HD-associated glycosylation has never been explored. Herein, we enrolled 90 serum samples with HD patients and healthy controls

Sodium nitrate passivation has been developed as a new insulation technology for the production of FeSiAl soft magnetic composites (SMCs). In this work, the evolution of coating layers grown at different pH values is investigated involving analyses on their composition and microstructure. An insulation coating obtained using an acidic NaNO3 solution is found to contain Fe2O3, SiO2, Al2O3, and AlO(OH)

This paper investigates two novel polarization- and pattern-diversity glass dielectric resonator antennas (DRAs), both of which are for tri-band (2.4, 5.2, and 5.8 GHz) wireless fidelity (WiFi) applications. It also investigates what type of diversity antenna is most suitable for WiFi router applications by comparing the two DRAs, along with a new space-diversity glass DRA. These three diversity glass

Aberrant glycosylation is considered to be a hallmark of colorectal cancer (CRC), as demonstrated by various studies. While the N-glycosylation of cell lines and serum has been widely examined, the analysis of cancer-associated N-glycans from tissues has been hampered by the heterogeneity of tumors and the complexity of N-glycan structures. To overcome these obstacles, we present a study using laser

Metamaterials have attracted increasing attention in recent years due to their powerful abilities in manipulating electromagnetic (EM) waves. However, most previously reported metamaterials are unable to actively control full-band EM waves. In this paper, we propose a thermo-tunable broadband metamaterial (T-TBM) using paraffin-based composites (PD-Cs) with different phase transition temperatures.

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Despite rapid advances in urban transit electrification, the progress of systematic planning and management of the electric bus (EB) fleet is falling behind. In this research, the fundamental issues affecting the nascent EB system are first reviewed, including charging station deployment, battery sizing, bus scheduling, and life-cycle analysis. At present, EB systems are planned and operated in a sequential

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Safety is essential when building a strong transportation system. As a key development direction in the global railway system, the intelligent railway has safety at its core, making safety a top priority while pursuing the goals of efficiency, convenience, economy, and environmental friendliness. This paper describes the state of the art and proposes a system architecture for intelligent railway systems

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Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is endogenously produced in adipocytes and fat tissues and stimulates adipogenesis. The integrated pathogenic effects of H2S on the development of obesity and the underlying mechanisms, however, have been unclear. Here, we find that a decreased endogenous H2S level lowered lipid accumulation in mouse adipocytes. Exogenous H2S treatment significantly increased the adipogenesis

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There have been many studies examining computer vision-enabled research in construction. They use an array of algorithms to recognize ‘objects’ in images and videos to classify, segment or verify information based on generic databases. The emphasis has generally been placed on measuring the accuracy of object detectors, such as Faster Recurrent-Convolution Neural Networks and variants thereof. However

Hydrodynamic cavitation is considered to be a promising technology for process intensification, due to its high energy efficiency, cost-effective operation, ability to induce chemical reactions, and scale-up possibilities. In the past decade, advancements have been made in the fundamental understanding of hydrodynamic cavitation and its main variables, which provide a basis for applications of hydrodynamic

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Practical application of a Si anode in a high-energy-density battery cannot be achieved due to the huge volume expansion of these anodes. Researchers have focused on adding binders to the anode to restrict volume expansion in order to address this issue, as the hydrogen bonds and mechanical properties of binders can be used to enhance adhesion and accommodate the volume changes of a Si anode. Herein

Lipase-catalyzed stereoselective resolution of cis-(±)-dimethyl 1-acetylpiperidine-2,3-dicarboxylate (cis-(±)-1) is an attractive route for the synthesis of (S,S)-2,8-diazobicyclo[4.3.0]nonane, an important chiral intermediate of the fluoroquinolone antibiotic, moxifloxacin. In our previous study, a lipase from Sporisorium reilianum (SRL) was identified to possess excellent thermostability and pH stability

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The residual stress inside stock materials is a fundamental property related to the quality of manufactured parts in terms of geometric/dimensional stability and fatigue life. For large parts that must meet high-precision requirements, accurately measuring and predicting the residual stress field has been a major challenge. Existing technologies for measuring the residual stress field are either strain-based

Ovulation induction is a first-line medical treatment for infertility in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Poor ovulation responses are assumed to be due to insulin resistance and hyperandrogenism. In a prospective cohort (PCOSAct) of 1000 infertile patients with PCOS, whole-exome plus targeted single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) sequencing and comprehensive metabolomic profiling were conducted. Significant

The degree of polymer chain orientation is a key structural parameter that determines the mechanical and physical properties of fibers. However, understanding and significantly tuning the orientation of fiber macromolecular chains remain elusive. Herein, we propose a novel electrospinning technique that can efficiently modulate molecular chain orientation by controlling the electric field. In contrast

During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emergency, many hospitals were built or renovated around the world to meet the challenges posed by the rising number of infected cases. Environmental management in the hospital life cycle is vital in preventing nosocomial infection and includes many infection control procedures. In certain urgent situations, a hospital must be completed quickly, and work

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Strategies aimed at defining, discovering, and developing alternatives to traditional antibiotics will underlie the development of sustainable agricultural systems. Among such strategies, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) with broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and multifaceted mechanisms of action are recognized as ideal alternatives in the post-antibiotic era. In particular, AMPs derived from microbes

The demand for ocean exploration down to the deep seafloor, for instance, ocean resource exploration and ocean observations, has promoted innovations in underwater technology. Underwater unmanned vehicles are urgently required to be deployed and operate on the seafloor. Because most underwater vehicles are unable to operate on the seafloor and even have difficulty reaching there, we developed a seafloor-resident

Inspired by the tremendous achievements of meta-learning in various fields, this paper proposes the local quadratic embedding learning (LQEL) algorithm for regression problems based on metric learning and neural networks (NNs). First, Mahalanobis metric learning is improved by optimizing the global consistency of the metrics between instances in the input and output space. Then, we further prove that

Egg custard is a common dish on the dining table and exhibits a uniform porous structure after freeze-drying. The protein within egg custard is a rich source of carbon and nitrogen, and the custard’s unique microstructure and adjustable electrical properties make it a potential porous carbon precursor. Herein, nitrogen in situ doped porous carbons (NPCs) and potassium-carbonate-modified NPCs (PNPCs)

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Developing efficient adsorbents with high uptake and selectivity for separation and recovery of C2H6 and C3H8 from natural gas is an important but challenging task. In this work, we demonstrate that high surface polarity and suitable pore diameter are two key factors that can synergistically enhance the separation performance, exemplified by metal–organic framework (MOF)-303 and MIL-160 (MIL: Matériaux

Microplastics (MPs) are important exempla of the Anthropocene and are exerting an increasing impact on Earth’s carbon cycle. The huge imbalance between the MPs floating on the marine surface and those that are estimated to have been introduced into the ocean necessitates a detailed assessment of marine MP sinks. Here, we demonstrate that cold seep sediments, which are characterized by methane fluid

Terahertz (THz) technology is probably best known to the public as a powerful tool for imaging, since it has been applied in security and medical scanning, resulting in numerous impressive images that would be unobtainable using other technologies. With the roll-out of 5G mobile networks, research into 6G wireless communications is heating up. It is envisioned that THz technology will be used for 6G

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Intelligent sensing, mechanism understanding, and the deterioration forecasting based on spatio–temporal big data not only promote the safety of the infrastructure but also indicate the basic theory and key technology for the infrastructure construction to turn to intelligentization. The advancement of underground space utilization has led to the development of three characteristics (deep, big, and

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As a core infrastructure of high-speed railways, ballast layers constituted by graded crushed stones feature noteworthy particle movement compared with normal railways, which may cause excessive settlement and have detrimental effects on train operation. However, the movement behavior remains ambiguous due to a lack of effective measurement approaches and analytical methods. In this study, an image-aided

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The essential role of immunoglobulin G (IgG) in immune system regulation and combatting infectious diseases cannot be fully recognized without an understanding of the changes in its N-glycans attached to the asparagine 297 of the Fc domain that occur under such circumstances. These glycans impact the antibody stability, half-life, secretion, immunogenicity, and effector functions. Therefore, in this

Establishing low-carbon, safe and efficient new energy system is the protective screen to safeguard the national energy security. The advanced battery system based on light, multi-electron reaction mechanism broadens the scope of battery materials research areas and creates a most effective solution to meet the growing demand for high specific energy secondary batteries in the fields of new energy

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Deep underground energy storage is the use of deep underground spaces for large-scale energy storage, which is an important way to provide a stable supply of clean energy, enable a strategic petroleum reserve, and promote the peak shaving of natural gas. Rock salt formations are ideal geological media for large-scale energy storage, and China is rich in salt rock resources and has a major shortage

With the continuous expansion of lithium-ion battery production and application scenarios, the safety issue of lithium-ion battery has gradually become prominent, which has attracted extensive attention of the academia and industry. Employing solid electrolyte to replace liquid electrolyte to develop solid-state batteries (SSBs) is expected to improve battery performance while ensuring battery safety

The application of artificial intelligence (AI) has become inevitable in the petroleum industry. In drilling and completion engineering, AI is regarded as a transformative technology that can lower costs and significantly improve drilling efficiency (DE). In recent years, numerous studies have focused on intelligent algorithms and their application. Advanced technologies, such as digital twins and

In this paper, the novel design mode of human-aided design (HAD) is proposed to replace conventional computer-aided design (CAD). In HAD, computers can automatically complete the whole product design via a new isogeometric topology optimization (ITO), while humans just assist to slightly modify the design to meet requirements. An embedded domain ITO is presented to design complex models with irregular

The rising awareness of environmental issues and the increase of renewable energy sources (RES) has led to a shift in energy production toward RES, such as photovoltaic (PV) systems, and toward a distributed generation (DG) model of energy production that requires systems in which energy is generated, stored, and consumed locally. In this work, we present a methodology that integrates geographic information

Propagation of light beams in turbid media such as underwater environments, fog, clouds, or biological tissues finds increasingly important applications in science and technology, including bio-imaging, underwater and free-space communication technologies. While many of these applications traditionally relied on conventional, linearly polarized Gaussian beams, light possesses many degrees of freedom

The ambitious “zero pollution” goal entails the upgrade of conventional (waste)water treatment processes. Among various options, photo-based advanced oxidation processes (photo-AOPs) have shown promising capabilities in terms of eliminating contaminants of emerging concern. While photo-AOP applications exist worldwide, some key issues remain that hamper their wider practice and achieving the potential