In this work, a new structure for the implementation of inline pseudoelliptic waveguide filters using non-resonating modes, based on asymmetric iris coupled transverse rectangular ridge resonators has been proposed. The basic structure is comprised of a ridge that is always centered and transverse to the waveguide center axis and has the ability to create a transmission zero (TZ) above or below the

This article introduces a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) fed with a rhombic ring-shaped tapered feed for Multiple-Input-Multiple-Output (MIMO) applications. The proposed hybrid MIMO CDRA resonates at four frequency bands 2.5, 5.09, 6.8, and 9.0 GHz with isolation levels of 22, 34.22, 30.55, and 18.55 dB. Isolation enhancements are achieved by introducing “L” shaped slots on the partial

This paper introduces a new maritime search and rescue system based on S-band illumination harmonic radar (HR). Passive and active tags have been developed and tested while attached to life jackets and a small boat. In this demonstration test carried out on the Baltic Sea, the system was able to detect and range the active tags up to a distance of 5800 m using an illumination signal transmit-power

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03286-9.

The global emergence of SARS-CoV-2 urgently requires an in-depth understanding of molecular functions of viral proteins and their interactions with the host proteome. Several individual omics studies have extended our knowledge of COVID-19 pathophysiology1–10. Integration of such datasets to obtain a holistic view of virus-host interactions and to define the pathogenic properties of SARS-CoV-2 is limited

Hannah Franklin is one of 300 staff members at the Francis Crick Institute in London, helping to bring the pandemic to an end.

Letter to the Editor

Letter to the Editor

The controversy over Majorana particles is eroding confidence in the field. More accountability and openness are needed — from authors, reviewers and journal editors.

Restrictive travel policies could further privilege global-health professionals from high-income countries. Plus: Joe Biden’s plans to increase science funding, and why our brains favour adding over subtraction.

The global dearth of safe sewage systems needs innovation and advocacy.

Researchers are starting to delve into possible rare side effects of COVID-19 vaccines. Plus: the month’s best science images, and everything you need to know about Plan S.

With the widespread use of Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, edge computing is becoming a popular technology for processing and storing data distributed at the edge of the networks. However, the new paradigm also faces a major security challenge: how to ensure the reliability and integrity of data in distributed edge storage servers? In this paper, we propose a robust and auditable distributed data

Data based approaches have recently gained extensive attention in modern process industries. Accordingly, data based soft sensing technology used for making online predictions of quality variables plays currently an important role in process control and monitoring. Drifts in operating conditions and process characteristics, however, demand novel online learning methods to be developed for maintaining

Fault diagnosis(FD) is vital for monitoring of industrial processes. Actually, both the multiple fault variables and minor faults are inclined to bring wrong diagnosis results. In this paper, a fault variable identification method is proposed for multivariate/minor fault diagnosis. The deviation factor is adopted as the characteristic of the sample, and Bayesian decision theory is adopted to calculate

Control performance assessment (CPA) is vital to ensure the safety of control systems. However, most multivariate CPA methods are limited to the system with explicit knowledge. Recently, it has been recognized that high predictability of closed-loop outputs implies poor control performance. This paper proposes a probabilistic CPA (PCPA), which is compatible with the above promising idea. This paper

US president’s first budget proposal emphasizes applied research and public health, and aims to tackle climate change and racial injustice.

Although the percentage of people living outside a broadband network has more than halved in recent years, around 10% of the global population does not have access to the Internet. This lack of coverage is particularly concentrated in rural and low-income areas, in which the lack of a cost-effective electricity supply is the main barrier to expanding network coverage. To tackle this problem, this work

This paper analyzes the Secrecy Transmission Capacity (STC) over wireless networks, where the legitimate nodes and eavesdroppers are distributed following Poisson point processes. Based on the tools of stochastic geometry, we first derive the Connection Outage Probability (COP) and the bounds of the Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP), and establish a theoretical framework for analyzing STC under the

With the rapid development of multimedia services in wireless mobile networks, the video data traffic has increased exponentially. Traditional video traffic service based on cloud computing caused a large amount of traffic load and longer access delay, which severely reduces the quality of service (QoS) of users. Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC) can directly serve user requests so as to greatly reduce

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Provides a listing of current staff, committee members and society officers.

Presents the table of contents for this issue of this publication.

More than half of the world’s current population resides in urban areas to compare to just 30% in the 1950s. The process of urbanization leads to exurban sprawl, the formation of slums, scattered workplaces, and aging infrastructure. These may cause huge inefficiencies in energy use, traffic, governance, waste management, and pollution, among others. To overcome these social, economic, and environmental

The spectrum access system (SAS) is being deployed as a key component of the emerging spectrum sharing paradigm to address the spectrum crunch facing the U.S. wireless industry. Ensuring security and privacy of this system against potential attacks is a task of paramount importance. In this article, we first introduce the SAS system, describing its three-tier access model, its functional architecture

The fast-growing Internet-of-Things (IoT) market has opened up a large threat landscape, given the wide deployment of IoT devices in both consumer and commercial spaces. Attacks on IoT devices generally consist of multiple stages and are dispersed spatially and temporally. These characteristics make it challenging to detect and identify the attack stages using solutions that tend to be localized in

Cross-Technology Communication (CTC) is an emerging technique that enables direct communication across different wireless technologies. The state-of-the-art works in this area propose physical-level CTC, in which the transmitters emulate signals that follow the receiver’s standard. Physical-level CTC means considerable processing complexity at the transmitter, which does not apply to the communication

The Internet-of-Things (IoT) platform is faced with critical challenges posed by the conflict between resource-hungry IoT applications and resource-constrained IoT devices. Mobile-edge computing provides a promising solution by allowing IoT devices to offload their computation to nearby edge servers to enable fast and energy-efficient data processing. In this article, we study a scenario, where two

Recent applications of the Internet of Things and cyber–physical systems require the integration of many sensing and control tasks into resource-constrained embedded devices. Such tasks can often tolerate a bounded number of timing violations. The concept of weakly hard real-time systems can effectively improve resource efficiency without sacrificing system safety. However, the existing studies have

This study presents a novel nonuniform power formation algorithm (NUPFA) for Bluetooth low-energy (BLE) networks. With two stages, NUPFA constructs the scatternet in a distributed manner. In the first stage, the master and slave nodes discover each other using low-level power to form an initial scatternet. In the second stage, each master alternatively scans or advertises using normal power to interconnect

Provides a listing of current committee members and society officers.

Provides instructions and guidelines to prospective authors who wish to submit manuscripts.

In science news around the world, drugmakers Pfizer and BioNTech announce they will seek authorization for 12- to 15-year-olds to receive their COVID-19 vaccine after a study shows it provides them powerful protection—a step scientists call critical to controlling the pandemic. In another such step, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration authorizes two inexpensive, rapid COVID-19 tests to be sold over

A deep dive into the physical-science literature links the most original research with the most recently formed teams of co-authors.

Hear the latest science from the coronavirus pandemic.

Researchers are searching for possible links between unusual clotting and the Oxford-AstraZeneca coronavirus vaccine.

The idea of massively expanding the budget and mission of the National Science Foundation (NSF) to help the United States out-innovate China is gaining political momentum in Washington, D.C. Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer (D–NY) has revised his year-old bill that would create a technology directorate at NSF. The bipartisan bill retains a proposed $100 billion boost for the agency, but is vague

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03496-1.

Amid the devastation wrought by Hurricane Maria, rhesus macaques sought support from each other to endure hard times.

A potential chink in physicists' understanding of fundamental particles and forces now looks more real. New measurements confirm a fleeting subatomic particle called the muon may be ever so slightly more magnetic than theory predicts, a team of more than 200 physicists reported this week. That small anomaly—just 2.5 parts in 1 billion—is a welcome threat to particle physicists' prevailing theory, the

Giant fish preserve a mental map of where cleaning fish provide the highest-quality pest removal.

A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-03473-8.

For decades researchers have wondered about the time when modern humans first ventured into the heart of Neanderthal territory in Europe. Now, two new studies of ancient genomes offer a glimpse into the identities of those first moderns to set foot in Europe and their relationships to the last Neanderthals. One study, in Bulgaria's Bacho Kiro cave, found that modern humans dated to about 45,000 years

Neanderthal ancestry surprises, a thrilling muon result shakes up physics and what’s holding back US virus tracking.

Sputnik V isn't Russia's only homegrown COVID-19 vaccine. EpiVacCorona, first authorized in October 2020, has begun to emerge from the shadow of Sputnik V, bringing along controversy. Developed by VECTOR, the famed State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology that once studied bioweapons and now is one of two global repositories of the eradicated smallpox virus, the vaccine is key to the country's

Hans-Ulrich Wittchen, a top psychologist in Germany and expert in the epidemiology of anxiety, is under fire after an investigation into one of his studies found evidence of manipulation—and elaborate efforts to cover up the misdeed. The investigation report, turned over to the Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden) in February and obtained by Science, also shows Wittchen intimidated whistleblowers

On 15 April 2020, space-based gamma ray detectors recorded one of the most elusive events in astronomy—a giant flare erupting from a magnetar, a highly magnetized neutron star, in a neighboring galaxy. Over previous decades only three magnetar giant flares have been confirmed, and the road to understanding them has paralleled the study of magnetars themselves. In 1979, the first giant flare arrived

Advances in available glass chemistries and glass processing methods have accompanied and enabled some of the biggest technology revolutions, from the development and mass production of light bulbs to low-loss fiber optics and durable smartphone touchscreens. An emerging generation of low-temperature processing technologies aims to continue this important trend and make a broader array of glass components

Targeted cancer therapy often relies on inhibiting beneficial adaptations of tumor cells. For example, inhibiting complementary or compensatory mechanisms can push cells over the edge of survival. An example of this kind of intervention, which is used in the clinic, is inhibition of poly(adenosine diphosphate–ribose) polymerase (PARP) for treatment of tumors with compromised DNA repair by the homologous

DNA methylation is an important covalent modification of mammalian genomic DNA that represses transcription. Genomic DNA is mostly maintained with high amounts of methylation, but some regions such as CpG islands are nearly perpetually unmethylated. Recently, large valleys or canyons of unmethylated DNA were discovered throughout the mammalian genome (1, 2). Most are associated with conserved developmental

The superconducting state, with dissipationless electrical current flow, has long been a source of fascination, with implications for fundamental questions like spontaneous symmetry breaking and the Higgs phenomena, as well as for applications ranging from magnets for magnetic resonance imaging machines to hardware for quantum computers. In the classic Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory, electrons

The recent events that precipitated the resurgence of the Black Lives Matter movement and the disproportionately devastating impact of COVID-19 on many communities of color are stark reminders of the pernicious effects of systemic racism on all aspects of our society, including science, medicine, and public health. The lack of diversity in the scientific and health professions—a longstanding manifestation

Alexander Graham Bell is well known as the inventor of the telephone. He is lesser known for his role in promoting audism, or prejudice against deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) people. Yet both endeavors have had lasting impacts on humanity. In The Invention of Miracles, Katie Booth revisits Bell's legacy, exploring his creative genius and his misguided efforts to eradicate Deaf culture.

The media writ large, and social media in particular, have a lot to answer for with regard to the polarization currently plaguing society. But the influence of so-called "echo chambers" on ideology is much more complicated than it first appears. In Breaking the Social Media Prism, computational social scientist Chris Bail has done the hard work of breaking down ideological polarization, misinformation

PNAS is publishing an Editorial Expression of Concern regarding the following article: “The ReFRAME library as a comprehensive drug repurposing library and its application to the treatment of cryptosporidiosis,” by Jeff Janes, Megan E. Young, Emily Chen, Nicole H. Rogers, Sebastian Burgstaller-Muehlbacher, Laura D. Hughes, Melissa S. Love, …

In early 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic created an urgent demand, not just for scientific information and advice, but also for policy proposals that helped curb the spread of the virus while minimizing economic and other collateral societal effects. The research response has been unprecedented. After just 1 year, PubMed returns more than 100,000 publications, 10 times as many as for Ebola or Zika, and

Hermaphroditic (perfect) flowers were a key trait in grapevine domestication, enabling a drastic increase in yields due to the efficiency of self-pollination in the domesticated grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. ssp. vinifera). In contrast, all extant wild Vitis species are dioecious, each plant having only male or female flowers. In this study, we identified the male (M) and female (f) haplotypes of the