This letter proposes an interlinking converter architecture, which enables flexibly integrating renewable energy into hybrid grids. The proposed converter has one ac port, and two dc ports, offering a flexible solution to integrating various dc, and ac sources, which can also be versatilely configured as a dc–dc converter, a dc–ac inverter, or a dc–dc/ac multiport converter. The general concept of

Photovoltaic (PV) systems are becoming more vulnerable to cyber threats. In response to this emerging concern, developing cyber-secure power electronics converters has received increased attention from the IEEE Power Electronics Society that recently launched a cyber-physical-security initiative. This letter proposes a deep sequence learning based diagnosis solution for data integrity attacks on PV

In this article, a new power switch open-circuit fault diagnosis approach is proposed for the six-phase fault-tolerant permanent magnet synchronous motor (FTPMSM) system based on average current Park's vector (ACPV), which can detect the fault power switch for the FTPMSM system in both normal and phase open-circuit/short-circuit fault-tolerant operation conditions. To detect the power switch open-circuit

One way to achieve the best in class reliability is the implementation of a design for reliability methodology into the design process in order to estimate the lifetime of each individual critical component, based on proper reliability models for failure modes. The main drawback of the above-mentioned approach is that it relies on handbook-based reliability models, which usually are only accurate for

Since the introduction of modular multilevel converters (MMC), various additional features have been introduced for MMCs, among them parallel inter-module connectivity. However, such a parallel mode requires appropriate modulation and switching strategies to exploit its full potential. Low-frequency switching modulation is widely used with half-bridge modules and a large body of research focusses on

Previous researches on space vector modulation (SVM) in active power filters (APFs) topologies find that compared with sinusoidal pulse width modulation, the SVM offers a better harmonic spectrum and has 15.47% more voltage utilization. The article not only proposes SVM for hybrid active power filters (HAPFs) but also answers the following questions. 1) Under what conditions both filters are equivalent

A virtual synchronous generator (VSG) control-based grid-connected converter (GCC) is an attractive solution to improve the stability of a more renewable-energy-integrated power system. Unfortunately, the inherent power coupling (i.e., the interaction between the active power loop and the reactive power loop) defect of VSG control severely restricts the power delivery capacity and the grid support

This article presents a hysteretic-current-controlled buck converter with constant-frequency-controlled and active-current-sensing (ACS) techniques. This converter used phase–frequency-locked techniques to achieve constant switching frequency. Even if the input voltage or output load current changes, the switching frequency will be as stable as possible at 1 MHz. The proposed ACS circuit will not generate

To deal with the single-phase open-circuited fault, an enhanced fault-tolerant model predictive current control with continued modulation is proposed in this article. This method includes reconstructing the postfault vector distribution and adopting a multistep vector selection method. In the reconstruction procedure, the transition vectors are generating to realize standard pulsewidth modulation waveforms

For the direct-current (dc) electrical power distribution system onboard more electric aircraft, the voltage quality of dc bus is of a great concern since there could be significant harmonics distortions when feeding different power electronics loads. This problem can be potentially addressed by introducing a dc filter to the point-of-load converters regulated by the finite control set model predictive

Advanced SiC planar-gate power MOSFET s have been successfully manufactured in a 6-inch commercial foundry with device structures optimized for operation with gate drive voltage of 10 V, compatible with gated drive voltage for Si superjunction products. The electrical characteristics of three advanced SiC MOSFET options are described in this article and compared with those of a state-of-the art Si

In this article, a voltage coupling enhancement (VCE) technique is developed to suppress the transient gate overvoltage of an insulated gate trigger thyristor (IGTT) in ultrahigh di/dt pulse applications. It is found that, due to the gate–cathode voltage ( VG – VC ) coupling associated with the intrinsic gate–cathode capacitor ( Cgc ) and inevitable common source inductance ( LC ) of IGTT, the gate

With the increased prevalence of power converters in power systems, especially three-phase voltage source converters (VSCs), the stability analysis of power electronics-based power systems has received much attention recently. To this end, different impedance models, such as the dq -domain, sequence-domain, and phasor-domain impedance models among others, have been developed for three-phase VSCs in

H -bridge-based single-phase applications have second-order harmonics on the dc-link voltage. Conventionally, the second-order harmonics are filtered by bulky dc capacitors to maintain the constant dc-link voltage, which results in poor power density and low reliability. However, in applications, such as the solid-state variable capacitor (SSVC), the constant dc-link voltage is unnecessary since the

When the permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM) based electric vehicles (EV) are in the postcrash situations, the dc-bus capacitor voltage requires to be reduced quickly for the sake of electric shock risk prevention. Currently, due to the advantages of low cost, compact structure, and high reliability, the pure-winding-based discharge strategies are attracting increasing attentions. However,

The variable switching frequency pulsewidth modulation (VSFPWM) is varying the carrier frequency of pulsewidth modulation (PWM) based on the prediction model to reduce the switching losses and lower the electromagnetic interference (EMI). However, it may cause some deterioration in digital dq current control of voltage source converters. This article takes the L -type grid-connected converter as the

Repetitive controllers represent an attractive solution for systems having periodic reference or disturbance signals with high harmonic content. In order to obtain some performance improvements for three-phase plants, as grid-connected converters, complex repetitive controllers were proposed later in literature. In this article, the advantages of complex repetitive control systems over the real ones

In this article, a nonlinear controller for a grid-tied voltage-source converter (VSC) supplying a constant power load is introduced. The control law combines a feedback loop and a feedforward compensator. The feedback loop strategy uses a feedback linearizing method for compensating nonlinearities appearing in the VSC model. The performance in the presence of changes between two different values of

The active-neutral-point-clamped (ANPC) converter is a prominent topology for medium voltage applications. To realize a high-power-density three-level ANPC converter, silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs may be used but they also lead to an extremely high cost. Thus, it is important to properly utilize the SiC switches in order to achieve not only a highly efficient but also a low-cost system. In this article

The black-box impedance model of voltage source inverters (VSIs) can be measured at their terminals without access to internal control details, which greatly facilitate the analysis of inverter-grid interactions. However, the impedance model of VSI is dependent on its operating point and can have different profiles when the operating point is changed. This letter proposes a method for identifying the

Zero-voltage-switching (ZVS) has been widely applied in widebandgap devices based on high-switching-frequency converters, for instance, dual-active-bridge isolated dc–dc converter, which consists of two H-bridges. To secure ZVS for all eight switches, previous literature mostly focuses on half-bridge to analyze switching transitions, which, however, is rather incomplete due to ignoring the impact of

In rail transit application, the multimode pulsewidth modulation (PWM) is used to take full advantage of the dc-bus voltage in wide speed range. To improve the sensorless control performance of interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) drives in this condition, an overall system delay compensation method is proposed for a hybrid position observer that combines a simple square-wave voltage

For the application of wireless power transfer (WPT) technology in robot arm, it is necessary to provide flexible power supply for each arm device across multiple arm joints. However, rotation of the joints and the variation of the loads will lead to the fluctuation of the output voltage at each stage. To guarantee stable output voltage, a bidirectional multistage WPT (BM-WPT) method is proposed to

While detection of foreign or unintended metallic objects is an important topic for wireless power transfer (WPT), operation of WPT systems with intended metallic objects is largely an unchartered territory. This article presents a methodology for analyzing the effects of intended metallic object on a WPT system through the study of the magnetic field distribution and the use of a reduced-order equivalent

Hybrid dc circuit breakers (HCBs) are vital equipment in dc grid systems. However, HCBs are usually costly since massive full-controlled power semiconductors are required to withstand high surge voltage and current stresses during current interrupting. Thyristors are good alternatives in realizing HCBs in view of their low cost and high current carrying capability; however, turning off the thyristor

Modular multilevel converter (MMC) with reduced number of voltage sensors is conducive to the reduction of equipment cost and hardware complexity, however, usually resulting in the performance degradation. For example, when only one voltage sensor is equipped for the measurement of arm voltage, estimation of capacitor voltages may be not accurate enough, moreover, condition monitoring and fault diagnosis

In this article, a new single-input multioutput high step-up dc–dc converter is proposed, which is suitable for sustainable energy applications. Basically, the presented converter consists of an interleaved and a modified single-ended primary inductor converter, which uses coupled-inductor and switched-capacitor-voltage-multiplier techniques. Each stage generates a different output voltage using only

High penetration of distributed generations and active loads have enabled the power electronics converter to become a vital component in the modern power grid system, and the broad employment of grid-connected converters at various power levels is making the grid impedance and characteristics complicated. Consequently, in order to validate more advanced features such as the reliability and stability

Electromagnetic interference (EMI) modeling and prediction are essential for the design of most power electronics apparatuses. This article aims at finding a fast method to select time step for explicit solver-based simulation of high frequency low loss (HFLL) circuits like EMI filter. The state-space model of HFLL circuit is constructed and its eigenvalues are proved to be very close to the imaginary

The output voltage of renewable energy sources is influenced by environmental conditions. To compensate for the variations of voltage, a buck–boost power conditioning system can be used. This article presents a full-bridge single-inductor-based buck–boost inverter. Its output voltage can be greater or lower than the input voltage depending on the controllable duty ratio. This inverter features bidirectional

This article proposes the combination of filament-heating and cavity-driven circuit with gain-frequency regulation control for magnetrons. This article is motivated because some existent magnetron-driven systems often adopted two resonant circuits individually for filament heating and cavity driving, resulting in limited flexibility of power delivery and modulation. Therefore, this article develops

This article proposes an equivalent conversion-based improved loss minimization control method for interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM). In the proposed control method, both the copper loss and iron loss are studied and the efficiency optimization problem due to the unequal inductance parameters of IPMSM is considered and solved, thus achieving the optimal efficiency. First, according

Asymmetrical six-phase drives are very attractive to obtain fault tolerance. Most faults arise in the power electronics. Two conventional methods to handle switch/diode faults in two-level converters are keeping the corresponding phases open (in two-level multiphase drives) or connecting them to the dc-link midpoint (in two-level three-phase drives) through a bidirectional switch (e.g., triac/relay)

In this article, a novel predictive torque and stator flux control (PTSF) method is proposed for N -segment three-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor ( N *3-phase PMSM), which can effectively eliminate the influence of parameter mismatch on stator flux and torque. The proposed PTSF method has two loops, stator flux loop and torque loop, both implemented with robust predictive control algorithm

In more-electronics power systems, grid-forming power converters, which operate as ac voltage sources, regulate the grid frequency and voltages in replacement of synchronous generators. Notably, grid impedances greatly influence the small signal and voltage stability of grid-forming converters. As such, prior knowledge of grid impedances can be very helpful for controller design. However, grid impedance

This article proposed and investigated a near-optimal finite-control-set model-predictive grid current control (NOP-MPGCC) for voltage source inverters (VSIs) with actively damped LCL filters. It carries three advantages: (i) the constant-frequency pulsewidth modulator produces regular switching spectrum—which can ease the LCL filter design process in grid current control applications with medium-to-high

In this article, a fault diagnosis method is proposed to detect current sensor faults for the studied primary permanent-magnet linear motor (PPMLM) traction system, in which only two current sensors are required, and the gain fault and zero-offset fault can be distinguished. In this proposed fault diagnosis method, synchronous currents are estimated by the PPMLM model. By comparing the estimated and

Polyphase permanent magnet synchronous motors exhibit outstanding advantages over the traditional three-phase traction motors in electrified transportation applications. This article introduces a novel direct torque model predictive control technique aiming at developing a highly reliable, loss-minimizing, and energy-efficient five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor drive. Leveraging the underlying

A repetitive controller (RC) is one of the most promising candidates for harmonic compensation when designing the current controller of grid-connected inverters. The discrete-time closed-loop transfer function based frequency response method can be used to shape RC, which is applicable for a single inverter connecting to well-known inductive-impedance grids, but cannot guarantee the stability in the

Gallium nitride high electron mobility transistors (GaN HEMTs) show significant advantages in high frequency and high switching speed applications, which has gathered great interests. Due to the low short-circuit withstand capacity, the short-circuit protection with high response speed is critical for GaN HEMTs. Besides, the high switching speed of GaN HEMTs brings severe interference to protection

An auxiliary current control is proposed herein to improve the load transient response of the buck converter. The proposed technique increases the efficiency of the auxiliary converter by employing soft switching. The design guidelines for achieving a capacitor charge balance for the output capacitor during the transition are also presented. The simulation results revealed that the output voltage overshoot

An accurate and fast transient calorimetric ferrite core-loss measurement method is proposed in this article. In contrast to electrical measurements, the accuracy of the calorimetric approach is largely independent of the magnetic excitation and operating frequency. However, accurate values of the thermal capacitance and the temperature of the core under test (CUT) are required. Accurate measurement

This article proposes and implements a selective wireless power transfer (WPT) system based on magnetic field editing technology. Compared with the traditional WPT without control of power regions, the proposed system can deliver the energy with higher safety, flexibility, selectivity, and can be applied to multiple receivers. The algorithms for current calculation and synchronized control strategies

This article explores the merits of a variety of hybrid-resonant switched-capacitor (SC) dc–dc converters under strict size constraints on passive components (flying capacitors and inductors). Topologies are compared using a “minimum power loss” figure of merit (FOM) that captures conduction- and frequency-dependent losses in active semiconductor devices and losses related to passive components as

Electrically excited synchronous machines have become one of the potential alternatives to permanent magnet synchronous machines in electric vehicles to avoid rare-earth materials. Utilizing high-frequency brushless exciters for rotor excitation is a promising choice to reduce friction losses and maintenance effort and cost. However, with the usage of brushless exciters, the field current and temperature

Open-winding permanent magnet synchronous machine (OW-PMSM) could obtain the higher bus voltage utilization and more robustness against the component damage and faults. However, the additional torque ripples and total harmonic distortion (THD) caused by zero-sequence current would limit the further applications of OW-PMSM. In this article, a novel model predictive two-target current control (MPTCC)

Capacitors are critical in voltage regulator modules (VRMs), which contribute to store energy and stabilize the output voltage during load transients. Usually, VRMs work with consecutive load transients, which would bring more electrothermal stress to capacitors and affect the reliability of capacitors compared with the steady-state operation. Recently, some efforts have been made to investigate the

A single-phase transformerless full-bridge photovoltaic grid-tie inverter is presented. It utilizes 1) a virtual ground technique to mitigate ground leakage current, 2) a hybrid pulsewidth modulation (HPWM) scheme to profile the output current and prevent sudden changes in the common-mode voltage, and 3) a nonlinear output inductor to attenuate current ripple around zero crossings and minimize filter

The effective identification of the load torque is one of the key methods to improve the positioning accuracy of the position servo system, and the sliding mode observer (SMO) is a common identification method in the speed control system because of its advantages of insensitive parameters and easy physical realisation. However, the existing SMO cannot achieve high precision and high response identification

In this article, a new bidirectional single-stage interleaved totem-pole electrolytic capacitorless ac–dc converter with high-frequency isolation and low components count is proposed. The proposed converter is constructed using nonregulating two-phase interleaved totem-pole converter switched with a fixed 50% duty on the grid side and a full-bridge on the dc-side for active power and dc output regulation

To develop a high-performance synchronous reluctance motor (SynRM) drive system, a novel maximum power factor control (MPFC) using a current angle controller with stator resistance and stator flux estimators is proposed. First, a traditional maximum power factor control system using a saliency ratio of the SynRM to generate a fixed current angle command is described. Since the saliency ratio requires

The usage of too many sizeable capacitors significantly increases the volume and cost of the modular multilevel converter (MMC), and limits its spread in medium- and high-voltage applications. By adding a buck-type active power filter (APF) circuit into a particular MMC topology [of which each phase multiplexes one submodule (SM)], a modified MMC (APF-M3C) topology, which inherently has the ability

Compared to Si FETs, when the main GaN FET is in full zero voltage switching condition, maximum switching loss reduction can be achieved. Therefore, in this article, an active clamp flyback converter with GaN devices that implements fast ZVS by using the proposed dynamic resonant period control (DRPC) technique can reduce large transformer leakage inductance energy loss on the active resonant circuit

Discontinuous conduction mode controlled boosting power-factor-correction (PFC) converters suffer from high differential-mode electromagnetic interference (EMI) and require a large input filter due to high inductor current ripples at a single switching frequency. To remedy the shortcomings, a downward spread-spectrum frequency modulation (SSFM) is proposed in this letter. The SSFM can be used by boosting

A predictive algorithm for accurately determining the crosstalk peaks caused by SiC MOSFET s is proposed in this article, which is very important to better design the drive and protect circuits of SiC MOSFET s. Compared to the conventional algorithm of crosstalk peaks, the nonlinearity of gate-drain capacitance ( C gd ) is first considered in the proposed algorithm. In detail, the differential expression

Sudden increases in the dc-link voltage, caused by ac grid side voltage drops, can lead to potential damage in the equipment. Therefore, dc choppers are widely used in offshore wind power links to absorb the excess energy and keep the voltage within safe margins. This article investigates the existing chopper topologies and summarizes their advantages and disadvantages. On this basis, a novel dc chopper

A multiport ac–dc converter topology is proposed that offers bidirectional power transfer capability between the two dc ports and the ac port. The decoupling of power flows can be exploited as a pole voltage balancing mechanism to accommodate unbalanced dc side loads in bipolar dc distribution systems. The proposed topology gains bipolar operation by using two three-phase two-level voltage-sourced

This article proposes an isolated dc–dc modular multilevel converter (MMC) topology intended for tapping power from the high-voltage dc (HVdc) link. The proposed converter operates with two stages of power conversion, i.e., HVdc to ac and ac to medium-voltage dc, using an intermediate medium-frequency transformer. The proposed topology reduces the number of arms in MMC to two, along with a series LC

This article proposes a novel dual phase LLC resonant converter with an improved variable frequency-based zero circulating current phase-shift modulation scheme for wide input voltage applications. The presented topology employs a six-switch dual active bridge with two output ports reducing the voltage stress across upper and lower switches to half of the input voltage. The proposed modulation scheme

The modular multilevel converter (MMC) is the most preferred choice for high-voltage direct current (HVdc) applications. In this article, a new hybrid-legs bridge converter (HLBC) is presented as an alternative to the MMC. This converter is a hybrid of a two-level converter and an MMC. For a three-phase system, three single-phase HLBCs are connected either in series [series-connected HLBC (SHLBC)]