The ability to obtain the accurate location of nodes in wireless sensor networks is crucial for practical applications. The sensed data is meaningless if it is not accompanied by its location. Range-free localization techniques are favored to overcome the hardware limitations of sensor nodes and to avoid the costly range-based techniques. DV-Hop is a range-free localization algorithm that is well-known

This paper studies joint source and relay beamforming optimization and time allocation for a wireless powered multi-relay multi-user network, where a multi-antenna base station (BS) transmits information to users with the assistance of multiple single-antenna relays. Considering that the relays are energy-constrained, which are powered by the BS wirelessly, we aim to maximize the minimum rate among

We present a candidate obfuscator based on composite-order graded encoding schemes (GES), which are a generalization of multilinear maps. Our obfuscator operates on circuits directly without converting them into formulas or branching programs as was done in previous solutions. As a result, the time and size complexity of the obfuscated program, measured by the number of GES elements, is directly proportional

Through this work, an all-optical 2 ​× ​1 multiplexer (MUX) is realized for optical networking and optical signal processing using two-dimensional photonic crystal waveguides. The structure consists of two T-shaped and one Y-shaped waveguide using square lattice silicon rods with a background of air. The all-optical MUX is designed without using any nonlinear material like Kerr material to overcome

Mo/Be multilayers are promising optical elements for extreme ultraviolet (EUV) lithography and space optics. Experimentally derived optical constants are necessary for accurate and reliable design of beryllium-containing optical coatings. We report optical constants of beryllium derived from synchrotron radiation-based reflectivity data of Mo/Be multilayers. Results are in good agreement with available

An adaptive telescope was developed to perform measurements using the confocal photothermal microscopy technique. The telescope automatically aligns to reinject the reflected probe beam as the measurement scans over irregular surfaces. The system uses DVD lenses that adapt to surfaces through controlled movements. Alignment algorithms are presented along with measurements on complex surfaces.

We investigated a high-precision grating interferometer displacement measurement system that can be applied to high-end immersion lithography machines and explained its composition and measurement algorithm. By analyzing the optical path variation caused by the installation error of the grating interferometer, we calculated the influence of the installation error on the displacement measurement. A

Cylindrical vector-polarized vortex pulses from a passively Q-switched laser are demonstrated. Pump radiation reshaped into a size-controlled annular profile via circular Dammann grating produces an efficient excitation of the LG01 mode. The YAG / Nd : YAG / Cr4 + : YAG composite crystal structure is found to reduce the Q-switching threshold and significantly suppress thermal damage, thus allowing

Coherent Doppler lidar (CDL) has been considered a powerful and reliable tool for horizontal wind shear monitoring since the 1990s. However, radial observations obtained by Doppler lidar are limited in determining sophisticated variations in horizontal wind field and thus the wind shear. In our work, this problem is solved by applying a statistical interpolation technique to a CDL system, which is

This erratum corrects the units in parts (a) and (b) of Fig. 56.

Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy based Magnetic Tunnel Junction (PMA-MTJ), Spin Transfer Torque Magnetic Random-Access Memory (STT-MRAM) has attracted wide attention among the next generation Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technologies due to low leakage and high-density characteristics for embedded memory architectures. However, STT-MRAM based memory cells are not energy efficient with CMOS scaling at

Self-supervised learning of depth from monocular videos has recently drawn attention as it has notable advantages over supervised ones in a training framework. We propose a self-supervised monocular depth estimation method with a set of improvements, which together result in both quantitatively and qualitatively improved depth maps compared to competing self-supervised methods. Our architecture amends

Near-infrared (NIR) face recognition (FR) has demonstrated robustness against changes in ambient illumination, which makes it suitable for surveillance even under weak illumination conditions. However, the existing database for NIR FR only contains frontal face images, and the impact of pose variation on the robustness of NIR FR remains unascertained. We developed an NIR face database with 57 pose

A deep learning framework is proposed to recognize large-scale plant species by integrating attention-based deep feature extraction network and plant taxonomy-guided path-based tree classifier. First, a plant taxonomy is constructed for organizing large-scale fine-grained plant species hierarchically in a coarse-to-fine fashion. Second, a deep learning framework is proposed, where attention mechanism

Practically, any digital system includes sequential blocks. This article is devoted to a case when sequential blocks are represented by models of Mealy finite state machines (FSMs). The performance (maximum operating frequency) is one of the most important characteristics of an FSM circuit. In this article, a method is proposed which aims at increasing the operating frequency of LUT-based Mealy FSMs

Conformal arrays may be a viable solution in many antenna applications requiring a wide angular coverage with sufficiently high directivity values, so it is worth comparing different 2D conformal array geometries to satisfy these requirements. To this end, first, the singular value decomposition (SVD) of the radiation operator is exploited to determine the maximum directivity values an array can reach

Industrial cyber-physical system products interleave hardware, software, and communication components. System complexity is increasing simultaneously with increased demands on quality and shortened time-to-market. To effectively support the development of such systems, we present languages and tools for comprehensive integrated model-based development that cover major phases such as requirement analysis

An international initiative called Education for All (EFA) aims to create an environment in which everyone in the world can get an education. Especially in developing countries, many children lack access to a quality education. Therefore, we propose an offline self-learning application to learn written English and basic calculation for primary level students. It can also be used as a supplement for

With the rapid increase in the world’s population, there is an ever-growing need for a sustainable food supply. Agriculture is one of the pillars for worldwide food provisioning, with fruits and vegetables being essential for a healthy diet. However, in the last few years the worldwide dispersion of virulent plant pests and diseases has caused significant decreases in the yield and quality of crops

The most widely adopted category of the mid-range wireless power transmission (WPT) systems is based on the magnetic resonance coupling (MRC), which is appropriate for a very wide range of applications. The primary concerns of the WPT/MRC system design are the power transfer capabilities. Using the scattering parameters based on power waves, the power transfer of an asymmetric WPT/MRC system with the

Purpose The present investigation goals to empirically test the role of expert cloud on team performance and employee creativity. Here, the expert cloud comprises cloud application, cloud management, cloud infrastructure and cloud resources. The present study aims to identify important and key criteria and examine the relationships among them. In other words, the purpose of this study to find out the

Purpose This study aims to propose an integrated model based on the DeLone and McLean Information System Success Model (DMISS) to examine whether quality factors (system, service and information) can affect user satisfaction and performance of cloud-based marketing systems. Design/methodology/approach Recently, technologies change quickly, innovation becomes a vital base of productivity and sustainable

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between defence mechanisms, one of the unconscious processes, and phantasy. In addition, the scale of financial defence mechanisms, which is a version of the defence mechanisms adapted to financial issues, has been developed and tested. Design/methodology/approach For this purpose, first, a pilot study was conducted for the financial

Purpose This study aims to explore the chicken and egg paradox in the taxi e-hailing business contributing to define a condition of system emergence. This paradox is a meaningful one as these platforms represent a system where the passengers systems have no reason to participate if they have no drivers-systems to answer their call, but, at the same time, the platform is not useful to the drivers-system

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine and analyse the fierce debate regarding children and young people’s use of digital social media, going on in Denmark (and in many other countries) in both mass media and social media. The overall question is what this panic is about and why the mass media and the public do not listen to the media sociologists than to self-appointed experts? Design/methodology/approach

Purpose Hospital information system (HIS) can be examined as a vital factor for developing the quality of health care and cost managing. There exists abundant literature on HISs, but implementation-based literature of HIS is rare, typically about progressive countries. However, a study that can comprehensively review published articles is scarce. Therefore, this paper aims to examine the systematic

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to research the price strategies of online knowledge payment product by considering network externality in the C2C sharing economy. Design/methodology/approach Considering the characteristics of online knowledge goods and the social network externality of consumers, this study establishes a consumer utility function. On this basis, a multistage game pricing model

A novel conceptual structure for field-effect transistors with its time domain analysis is introduced. This new structure considers all drain, gate, and source electrodes to be CRLH transmission lines, thereby resulting an active multi-conductor CRLH transmission line, which is a new design of transistors with novel characteristics. Time domain analysis of this new structure is based on a fully distributed

A circularly polarized (CP) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with wideband operation and high isolation characteristics is presented. The proposed antenna is first designed with two diagonal slotted square patches and then, four parasitic elements are utilized to significantly improve the antenna performances. Notably, besides enhancing the operating bandwidth and the gain radiation, the

The paper presents a compact multiport antenna, with beamforming capabilities and a realized gain of 4.31 dBi with the size of λ/2. The antenna allows digital beamforming with independent control over three parameters: main-beam direction, beamwidth, and null-depth. Those parameters can be dynamically adjusted within a continuous range, create multiple beams for different frequency channels, and simultaneously

Two-dimensional (2-D) polynomial models are widely used in digital predistortion (DPD) design for dual-band power amplifier (PA) linearization. However, the conventional polynomial model exhibits numerical instabilities when high-order nonlinearities are included. To solve this problem, a closed-form 2-D orthogonal polynomial DPD model is deduced under the assumption of complex Gaussian processes.

This paper presents a new switched-ladder structure for multilevel converter which consists of several bidirectional and unidirectional switches along with DC voltage sources. The values of DC sources in the proposed topology are determined based on a new mathematical algorithm. The proposed multilevel converter is an extended structure, which can produce any levels at output voltage waveform. To prove

In this paper, two simple circuits are presented to emulate both memcapacitor and meminductor circuit elements. The emulation of these components has crucial importance since obtaining these high-order elements from markets is difficult when compared to resistor, capacitor and inductor. For this reason, we proposed Multi-Output Operational Transconductance Amplifier (MO-OTA)-based electronically controllable

In this study, a new sinusoidal fractional oscillator circuit in which the fractional low-pass filter and fractional differentiator form a closed loop has been introduced. The single series R−C pair and Valsa method have been used to imitate the fractional-order capacitor. Two different sinusoidal signals with different phases are available at output ports. An integer version of the proposed oscillator

In this paper, Lagrangian-based method has been proposed for tuning the parameters of fractional order PIαDβ controller. In this method, the five parameters (Kp, Ki, Kd, α and β) of fractional order PIαDβ controller (FOPID) are suitably optimized, and successfully applied to a benchmark stable second-order feedback system. To prove the performance of the proposed method, several state-of-the-art approaches

The advancement of power grids leads to the concept of the microgrid. Microgrids are placed at the end of an entire grid-connected system. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are engaged in the management of power generation, electricity consumption, and power transmission and distribution. In power generation, WSNs detect the amount of power generated that is managed by a microgrid for large-scale applications

The much-awaited year—2021 that promises to deliver a great deal on the 5th generation (5G) wireless systems' expectations is finally here. Several solutions have been proposed to deal with the energy challenges in the evolving wireless systems, especially in 5G and beyond. These solutions have considered among other approaches, design of new network architecture based on the employment of new radio

Presents the table of contents for this issue of the publication.

Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

Prospective authors are requested to submit new, unpublished manuscripts for inclusion in the upcoming event described in this call for papers.

Presents a listing of the editorial board, board of governors, current staff, committee members, and/or society editors for this issue of the publication.

Presents a listing of institutions relevant for this issue of the publication.

Employing both high bandwidth (HBW) controller and wide bandgap (WBG) devices in the structure of converters improve the system size, performance, and efficiency. In this paper, HBW model predictive controllers (MPCs) are proposed, with both fixed and unfixed switching frequencies, to control a single-phase five-level hybrid active neutral-point-clamped (ANPC) inverter. A hybrid modulation technique

The performance of inductors at high frequencies and small sizes is one of the largest limiting factors in the continued miniaturization of dc-dc converters. Piezoelectric resonators can have a very high quality factor and provide an inductive impedance between their series and parallel resonant frequencies, making them a promising technology for further miniaturizing dc-dc converters. In this paper

The advent of the Internet-of-Things brings new challenges in circuit design. The presence of circuits and sensors in harsh environments brought the need for methodologies that account for them. Since the beginning of the transistors, the temperature is known for having a significant impact on performance, and even though very low temperature sensitivity circuits have been proposed, no general methodology

The liquid antenna, as a new member of the antenna family, has drawn significant and increasing attention from both academia and industry due to its unique features. In this paper, a comprehensive review on this technology is presented which covers both metallic and non-metallic liquid antennas. Non-metallic liquid antennas are further divided into water-based and non-water-based liquid antennas. We

In this letter, we propose a novel technique for rapid and accurate yield estimation of microwave passive components using model-order reduction (MOR)-based neuro-transfer function (neuro-TF) models. In the proposed technique, the frequency responses of microwave components are represented by transfer functions in the pole-zero-gain format. The poles, zeros, and gain in the transfer functions are computed

The absorbing boundary condition (ABC) is very common to be used to truncate the computational domain in the hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin (HDG) method. However, if solving waveguide transmission problems with multimode scattering, the ABC is not very applicable due to the wave impedances varying with the frequency. Considering the perfectly matched layers (PMLs) boundary can absorb well the

This letter proposes a new surrogate-based multiphysics optimization technique for microwave devices incorporating artificial neural networks (ANNs) and trust-region algorithm. In the proposed technique, at each optimization iteration, we build an accurate and efficient ANN surrogate model using multiple multiphysics training samples around the optimized solution from the previous iteration. A parallel

Nonradiative dielectric waveguide (NRD guide) is a promising platform for realizing compact millimeter waveguide circuits. NRD guide devices have been simulated by several numerical simulation approaches so far and these approaches treat 3-D structure because electric and magnetic fields in NRD guides vary in whole directions. In this letter, we propose a 2-D full-vectorial finite element analysis

Optically transparent conductors (TCs) have been implemented and adopted into next-generation transmission lines and other RF structures from UHF to millimeter-wave (mmWave) applications. A current method of evaluating the performance of optically TCs uses a figure of merit (FOM) which is frequency agnostic. A new FOM for optically TCs at RF, microwave, and millimeter-wave frequencies is presented

In this letter, a compact wideband bandpass filter (BPF) with a wide stopband is proposed based on the substrate integrated defected ground structure (SIDGS) and folded stepped-impedance resonator (FSIR). Such a SIDGS resonator can not only allocate a specific resonance with compact size but also introduce the different harmonic positions compared with a traditional microstrip line resonator. Meanwhile

In this letter, a novel reconfigurable filter concept, which is called assembly reconfigurability through rotation, is proposed for the first time to implement a high-Q filter with adjustable frequency response. Two separated printed circuit boards (PCBs) are designed and assembled together to build a double-layer substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) filter. Guided by coupling matrix synthesis, the

This letter presents the design of compact triple- and quad-band power dividers (PDs) based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) technology. The proposed PDs are designed as a rectangular cavity, one pair of unequal complementary split-ring resonators (CSRRs) and U-shaped slots (USSs). Initially, a dual-frequency SIW PD is implemented using unequal CSRRs on the top surface of the SIW cavity. This