Autonomous robots have the potential to significantly improve the operational efficiency of multi‐robot systems (MRSs) under environment uncertainties. Achieving robust performance in these settings requires effective task allocation and adaptive path‐finding. However, conventional model‐based frameworks often rely on centralized control or global information, making them impractical when communication

To address the high rate of workplace accidents in the construction industry, this paper proposed an automated hazard identification process using building information modeling (BIM) and ontology. In South Korea, legislation mandates risk assessment and safety documentation to prevent construction accidents by identifying potential hazards. Current methods rely on the experience of personnel, which

Large, complex structures like bridges are essential infrastructure, expensive to design, construct, monitor, and maintain. The digitisation of bridges has advanced in areas such as structural health monitoring, maintenance, load simulation, and bridge information modelling. 3D laser scanning captures these structures in digital space, and recent advancements have improved the creation of realistic

Accurate and real-time object detection in complex construction scenes from multiple viewpoints plays a crucial role in effective project management. However, this task remains limited by boundary information sharing and scene sensitivity inherent in deep features. To investigate the deep features in construction scenes and analyze method performance, SODA and VisDrone datasets, mean Average Precision

Given the urgency of reducing the buildings' environmental impact, this article focuses on optimizing sustainability from the earliest design phases, when decisions have the greatest influence. To address the challenges posed by the coarse granularity of digital models during the sketching phase and the often-conflicting nature of sustainability criteria, a generative workflow is proposed. This workflow

The dimensional inspection of reinforcing bars at construction sites prior to concrete pouring is essential to ensure structural integrity. However, this process has traditionally relied on manual tape measurements, which are labor‐intensive, unsafe, and prone to human error. To address these limitations, this study introduces a novel method for remotely inspecting the spacings and lengths of reinforcing

The rise of exascale supercomputing has motivated an increase in high‐fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The detail in these simulations, often involving shape‐dependent, time‐variant flow domains and low‐speed, complex, turbulent flows, is essential for fueling innovations in fields like wind, civil, automotive, or aerospace engineering. However, the massive amount of data these

Zero-carbon buildings achieve energy self-sufficiency through renewable energy like wind and solar, but their power generation is intermittent, while electric vehicles (EVs) as flexible loads can compensate for this drawback. However, the current prevalence of uncoordinated EV charging loads poses significant challenges to grid stability, making the implementation of coordinated control strategies

Advances in battery and renewable energy technologies have increased the adoption of renewable energy sources (RES) and energy storage systems (ESS) in residential settings to reduce energy costs. This research aims to optimize energy utilization, enhance renewable integration, and reduce dependence on the main grid during peak hours by proposing a hybrid Smart Home Energy Management System (SHEMS)

The existence of spatial patterns in the adoption of small-scale solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is widely accepted in academic literature. The diffusion of these systems depends on the decisions of heterogenous units, often households, that form their decision based on unit characteristics and attitudes, the built environment, economic and physical factors, as well as peer effects. When including

Fault detection and diagnostics (FDD) in HVAC systems is critical for maintaining optimal indoor environmental quality and ensuring energy efficiency. Undetected faults in HVAC components can lead to increased energy consumption, occupant discomfort, and higher maintenance costs. Traditional FDD requires symptoms to appear during the normal operation of a building, which may require waiting for a considerable

The building sector is a major contributor to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and regulations are increasingly promoting the use of bio-based insulation materials to support decarbonization. After an interesting literature review, this study evaluates the potential of wheat straw as an insulation material for construction and renovation in France. It quantifies the amount of straw realistically available

As cities face climate change and urbanization challenges, cool façade systems like advanced coating materials and living green walls (LGWs) have become popular because of their potential to improve urban sustainability and the thermal performance of existing buildings. The cool facade systems aim to mitigate the urban heat island effect by reducing heat absorption, enhancing occupant thermal comfort

Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) captures precise geometric data for civil infrastructures on status monitoring and digital model creation. However, TLS data collection requires manually setting the scanning range, which limits automation and can lead to redundant background data. This paper introduces an image semantic-guided TLS scanning mode for completely automatic data acquisition. Leveraging

Optimizing autonomous motion planning for robots in dynamic and uncertain construction environments is crucial. Real-time planning is challenged by the complexity of map-building data processing and path optimization. This paper introduced a dynamic motion planning approach utilizing low-feature data, multi-constraint path planning, and flexible positioning. A multi-sensor data fusion method generates

This paper presents a constrained transformer-based diffusion model for generating accessibility-aware and spatially coherent multi-occupancy building floor plans to support early-stage design. Existing approaches often produce low-resolution outputs and lack fine-grained control over room configurations. To address these issues, the proposed approach employs a latent transformer-based diffusion model

This review paper investigates a comprehensive review of Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)-based indoor positioning systems (IPS), focusing on key techniques, challenges, and advancements. It categorizes IPS methods into geometric mapping and fingerprinting, analyzing their strengths and limitations. The integration of machine learning, deep learning, and reinforcement learning is explored to improve accuracy

Predicting changes in track irregularity after tamping is important for assisting maintenance decisions and improving construction efficiency. To date, most prediction methods lack consideration for the uncertainties related to tamping effects. To fill this gap, a multi‐module prediction interval system composed of feature selection, interval scaling, and intelligent predictor has been constructed

With the continuous increase in underground engineering depth, rockburst—a highly destructive geological hazard—poses a significant threat to the safety and stability of engineering projects. This study focuses on the rockburst challenges in the −1915 m ultra-deep shaft project of the Sanshandao Gold Mine, situated 125 m from the active Sanshandao Fault Zone. By integrating theoretical analysis, numerical

Shield tunnels are often excavated in mixed soil layer, in which the soil interface changes greatly. Such complex soil changes often lead to tunnel collapse and land subsidence exceeding limits. The coupling effects of formation inclination and composite ratio (ratio of soft soil thickness to tunnel diameter) on the failure mechanism and surface settlement deformation are investigated based on the

Under complex geological and construction conditions, the deformation prediction of drill-and-blast tunnel faces various challenges: limited generalizability of prediction models and acquisition of real-time deformation development data. To address these issues, this study develops a deep-learning model framework, CIembed-TFDF, for predicting deformation in the transversal section at tunnel faces.

The indoor thermal environment plays a vital role in the psychological and physiological health of elderly individuals with dementia, particularly in the context of climate change. Due to impaired thermoregulation and cognitive confusion, the thermal responses of those with dementia remain poorly understood. This study aims to preliminarily explore the unique subjective, physiological, and behavioural

Commercial buildings in high-density urban regions, such as Hong Kong, account for 65 % of total electricity consumption, with 25 % attributed to cooling systems. Modern large-scale buildings deploy multiple-chiller plants to balance reliability and part-load efficiency. However, traditional rule-based control (RBC) strategies for chiller sequencing often fail to adapt to dynamic operating conditions

Building energy consumption is heavily influenced by occupant behavior, yet many heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems operate on static or pre-defined schedules that may not capture real-time occupancy dynamics. This study presents a novel comparative evaluation of vision-based deep learning methods, specifically YOLO, a single-shot detection model, and Faster R-CNN, a two-stage

The REcycled Stone and Concrete Unit (RESCIU) is an exemplary case study of load-bearing composite masonry units (cMU) based on a unique and registered design that involves sandwiching a 12 mm S-shaped biobased polyurethane foam (BPUF) between C-shaped recycled solid elements, one in Globigerina limestone and the other in concrete.

Personalized comfort systems compared to conventional whole-space heating/cooling can simultaneously target individual requirements and reduce the building energy consumption. Renewable wooden furniture in interior spaces can influence human emotional perception and even thermal exchange, while the impregnation of the phase-change materials (PCM) can further improve their thermal regulation characteristics

To meet the heat dissipation requirements of artificial ice rinks, this study systematically analyzed the heat dissipation characteristics of cooling pipes and anti - freezing pipes and their influencing factors through the coupling of numerical simulation, machine learning, and experiments. The results show that there is a linear negative correlation between the temperature of the cooling pipes and

The current manual approach for designing reinforced concrete, guided by structural design codes, is inefficient and susceptible to human error. This paper presents a Large Language Model (LLM) framework to automate code-compliant design and achieve interpretability and verifiability. The framework decomposes complex tasks into subtasks handled by coordinated LLM agents with specialized expertise,

This study focuses on the thermal buckling analysis of a confined noncircular pipeline with an oval inverted arch subjected to thermal loads. A trigonometric formula is employed to illustrate the radial inward deflection of the pipeline resulting from the rigid confinement of the surrounding medium (soils/rocks). The governing equations are derived by integrating the classical shell theory with energy

The thermal runaway risk of power cells inside tunnels is non-negligible, particularly considering the dramatic increase in electric vehicles and tunnels with the development of cities, thus an experimental investigation is performed in this research to disclose the thermal runaway properties of power cells at tunnel scenarios; in which, the impact of cell state of charge (SOC), capacity, and chemistry

Contact loss defects (CLD) have a significant impact on the seismic performance of shield tunnels with segmental joints. Accurately evaluating the seismic resilience of tunnels under the influence of CLD is crucial for ensuring the safety of urban rail transit systems. In this study, a comprehensive dataset considering the effects of CLD was constructed using actual ground penetrating radar (GPR) detection

This research puts forward an intelligent analysis framework to tackle key issues in the collaborative analysis of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and the Finite Element Method (FEM) within urban foundation pit projects. These issues include model conversion distortion, poor mesh convergence, and low efficiency in multi – case iterations. By integrating BIM parametric modeling with FEM automated

This paper aims to study the influence of beams depth on the smoke flow characteristics in a long-closed channel with lateral opening and multiple ceiling beams. A series of full-scale experiments and numerical simulations with different fire heat release rates and beam depths were carried out. The influence of beams depth on the smoke spreading, the longitudinal ceiling temperature distribution, the

The reinforcement of tunnels in weak surrounding rock using anchor bolts establishes an anchorage layer that collaborates in bearing loads, constituting a widely employed reinforcement technique. However, the bearing capacity of the anchorage layer remains unquantified, its failure response inadequately investigated, and the reinforcement mechanism of anchor bolts has yet to be comprehensively elucidated

The shield tail sealing system plays a vital role in averting water-inflow incidents during shield tunneling, garnering considerable attention from both academic and engineering communities due to its sealing efficacy and failure determinants. This research investigates the influence of various shield tail clearances on the interaction between grease and shield tail brushes, as well as the subsequent

Conducting seismic research on large-scale urban underground rail transit networks is a frontier topic in the development of resilient cities. However, existing studies excessively simplify the characteristics and physical mechanisms of regional seismic motion. A comprehensive seismic analysis method considering the whole process of source-path-structure has not been formed. Hence, to simulate the

This study proposed an intelligent hole-position planning method for tunnel blasting to address challenges such as inconsistent hole layout rules and the lack of mathematical methods to coordinate uneven hole positions. This method considered the initiation sequence and rock-breaking direction. A hole layout rule is established based on the burden uniformity. The impact of several design factors on

This study examines the feasibility of integrating enhanced rooftop PV systems into low-cost building designs by optimizing roof pitch angles and employing two-sided gable PV module mounting. Computational modelling was used to evaluate the impact of roof pitch angles on PV potential and system performance. Key meteorological parameters at the location (6.52° latitude, 6.29972° longitude) include monthly

The building sector and the policies aimed at decarbonising its energy uses are expected to play a crucial role to achieve the climate targets. Attention has been arising on the capability of this sector to provide flexibility to the power grid through the implementation of Demand Response programmes via reversible heat pumps. In the present paper a detailed analysis of the flexibility induced on the

The design of the building envelope plays a crucial role in constructing energy-efficient buildings. However, for buildings made of materials with low thermal resistance and a low solar reflectance index, such as temporary housing, maintaining a comfortable indoor environment results in significant energy consumption for air conditioning. In this study, we proposed a cold ceiling by integrating the

The threat of loss of stability of underground workings is one of the most serious dangers accompanying underground mineral exploitation. Over the years, as the depth of the deposits increased and working conditions deteriorated, the scale of the threat increased, translating into a serious risk to the life and health of the mining crew. In order to increase work safety and at the same time ensure

With the development of shield tunnels towards larger cross-sections and more complex joint structures, the longitudinal–transverse coupling effect of segment structures has become increasingly significant. Assessing the force transmission effect between segmental rings is crucial for optimizing segment structures design. A full-scale loading test was conducted on staggered joint assembly segment structures

A reasonable prediction of surface settlement caused by tunnel excavation in complex environments is of great importance for ensuring the safety of surface structures. The introduction of machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) provides a new solution for surface settlement prediction. A novel optimisation method to enhance the performance of ML and DL is proposed. This method employs an autoregressive

The high thermal conductivity and low thermal mass of metal container houses result in significant heat penetration, increasing cooling demands and energy consumption. While conventional insulation, standalone radiative cooling coatings (RCC), and phase change materials (PCM) offer partial solutions, their effectiveness is limited across diverse climatic conditions of India. This study evaluates the

Improving the thermal performance of the building envelope by enhancing the thermal insulation has been acknowledged as a highly effective way to achieve energy efficiency in buildings. Aerogel-based materials are considered one of the most promising thermal insulation materials for building applications because of their ultra-low thermal conductivity. In this study, the hygrothermal properties of

This paper presents a novel methodology that combines Hybrid Rectangular Input-Output Life Cycle Analysis and energy simulation methods to comprehensively evaluate the energy, economic, environmental, and social benefits of Energy Efficiency (EE) solutions in residential buildings. Unlike conventional evaluations that focus primarily on operational energy savings, this approach examines 57,660 EE packages

With the increasing demand for high-rise residential buildings (HRBs), traditional manual design processes involving multiple revisions and expertise encounter design efficiency challenge. Although several approaches have been proposed to automatically generate HRB standard floors using predefined component libraries, adaptive solutions across diverse design scenarios remain limited. This paper presented

Building Information Model (BIM) creation usually relies on laborious manual transformation of the unstructured point cloud data provided by laser scans or photogrammetry. This paper presents Cloud2BIM, an open-source software tool designed to automate the conversion of point clouds into BIM models compliant with the Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) standard. Cloud2BIM integrates advanced algorithms

Aimed at the full-face blasting excavation of a deep circular tunnel, this research explores the dynamic response and crack propagation mechanism of jointed rocks under transient unloading. Based on the plane strain assumption, the theoretical mechanical behavior of rocks under transient unloading was analyzed. Model tests were conducted using a self-developed test system to investigate the effects

In humid regions, efficient moisture management is crucial for enhancing comfort and optimizing air conditioning in buildings. This study introduces a solar-assisted rotary desiccant dehumidification system, specifically engineered to operate effectively under medium solar intensity conditions. The system's performance is experimentally evaluated, with a particular focus on the regeneration process

This investigation delves into the seismic behavior of double-stage yield buckling restrained braced frames (DY-BRBFs) when subjected to mainshock-aftershock sequences. Prototype DY-BRBFs of varying heights were designed per building codes and subsequently exposed to a series of seismic events. The frames incorporated concentric diagonal-type braces constructed from different yield-strength steel cores

Digital infrastructure is not only a key driver of change in the Internet and digital economy but also exerts a substantial influence on urbanization and energy efficiency. In this study, the phased implementation of the Broadband China Pilot Policy (BBCP) is treated as a quasi-natural experiment. Panel data from prefecture-level cities in China’s Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2014 to 2022 are used

A light shelf is a commonly used daylighting system that enhances indoor illumination. Recent studies have explored integrating solar panel (SP)s into light shelves to improve their energy efficiency. However, the daylighting performance of these systems has declined owing to the placement of SPs on the light shelf surface. This study presents an innovative light shelf system, with SPs positioned beneath

In the context of global warming, even relatively cooler countries like the UK are experiencing a rise in cooling demand, particularly in southern regions such as London. This growing demand, especially during the summer months, presents significant challenges for energy management systems. Accurately predicting cooling demand in urban domestic buildings is essential for maintaining energy efficiency

Due to insufficient technologies and backward economics, indoor environment of rural houses of northeast of China is extremely harsh. It is urgent to find sustainable and low-cost interventions according to local conditions. This paper attempted to clarify the complicated interactions among various heating scenario factors on indoor air pollution concentrations and indoor air temperature, so as to

In Switzerland, the residential sector accounts for approximately 34 % of total energy consumption. Understanding the energy consumption patterns of residential customers is crucial for developing effective energy efficiency strategies. Traditional methods for collecting energy consumption data rely on installing smart meters on individual appliances, which can be intrusive and expensive. Non-Intrusive

Vehicle‑to‑building (V2B) systems can harness the energy flexibility of electric vehicles (EVs). This study evaluates the energy flexibility of V2B in office complexes that share their charging infrastructure with nearby residential users during off-hours. First, EVs’ arrival and departure times, state-of-charge (SOC) upon arrival, and required SOC at departure are simulated based on probability distributions

The relationship between the urban tree canopy (UTC) and residential space-conditioning electricity use has been explored over the past decades, but depending on the methods and assumptions, there is a wide disparity in the estimated energy savings. Using a quasi-experimental research design, we combine aerial imagery of the UTC with high-frequency electricity consumption data for 1,968 houses in Ottawa