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Variational neural annealing Nat. Mach. Intell. (IF 15.508) Pub Date : 2021-10-25 Mohamed Hibat-Allah, Estelle M. Inack, Roeland Wiersema, Roger G. Melko, Juan Carrasquilla
Many important challenges in science and technology can be cast as optimization problems. When viewed in a statistical physics framework, these can be tackled by simulated annealing, where a gradual cooling procedure helps search for ground-state solutions of a target Hamiltonian. Although powerful, simulated annealing is known to have prohibitively slow sampling dynamics when the optimization landscape
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A Conserved Mechanism for Regulating Replisome Disassembly in Eukaryotes Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26 Michael Jenkyn-Bedford, Morgan L. Jones, Yasemin Baris, Karim P. M. Labib, Giuseppe Cannone, Joseph T. P. Yeeles, Tom D. Deegan
Replisome disassembly is the final step of eukaryotic DNA replication, and is triggered by ubiquitylation of the CMG (Cdc45-MCM-GINS) replicative helicase1–3. Despite being driven by evolutionarily diverse E3 ubiquitin ligases in different eukaryotes (SCFDia2 in budding yeast1, CUL2LRR1 in metazoa4–7), replisome disassembly is governed by a common regulatory principle, whereby CMG ubiquitylation is
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Gene Therapy Is Coming of Age Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
Various approaches are approved for treating blood cancers and a few rare disorders—they may soon become standard care.
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Air quality: WHO guidelines could deepen inequities Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
Letter to the Editor
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COP26: set a minimum global carbon price for emissions Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
Letter to the Editor
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From the archive Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
The value of studying wetlands, and the excavation of an ancient city in Sicily.
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Thousands of new and improved mineral symbols Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
Letter to the Editor
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The Definition of Gene Therapy Has Changed Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
Over the past few years the discipline has evolved in significant ways.
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The Quest to Overcome Gene Therapy’s Failures Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
Tragic side effects plagued the field’s early years, but researchers are finding ways to minimize the risks.
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This digital-hygiene routine will protect your scholarship Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
Simple, regular checks could squelch some pernicious practices by unscrupulous publishers and preserve your digital presence.
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Predatory publishers’ latest scam: bootlegged and rebranded papers Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26 Kyle Siler, Vincent Larivière, Philippe Vincent-Lamarre, Cassidy R. Sugimoto
To thwart publishing rackets that undermine scholars and scholarly publishing, legitimate journals should show their workings.
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The secret lives of cells — as never seen before Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
Cutting-edge microscopy techniques are allowing researchers to spy on the innards of cells in all their crowded glory.
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Four Success Stories in Gene Therapy Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
The field is beginning to fulfill its potential. These therapies offer a glimpse of what’s to come.
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Why hundreds of scientists are weighing in on a high-stakes US abortion case Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
Studies suggest that a reversal of the landmark Roe v. Wade decision would be detrimental for many.
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We Need to Ground Truth Assumptions about Gene Therapy Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
Researchers, practitioners and patients must balance the discipline's promise with its reality.
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The answer to the biodiversity crisis is not more debt Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-26
Funding pledges from China and other countries need to be given in grants — which must include research grants — and not as a reward for taking out loans.
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Cryptic transmission of SARS-CoV-2 and the first COVID-19 wave Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-25 Jessica T. Davis, Matteo Chinazzi, Nicola Perra, Kunpeng Mu, Ana Pastore y Piontti, Marco Ajelli, Natalie E. Dean, Corrado Gioannini, Maria Litvinova, Stefano Merler, Luca Rossi, Kaiyuan Sun, Xinyue Xiong, Ira M. Longini, M. Elizabeth Halloran, Cécile Viboud, Alessandro Vespignani
Considerable uncertainty surrounds the timeline of introductions and onsets of local transmission of SARS-CoV-2 globally1–7. Although a limited number of SARS-CoV-2 introductions were reported in January and February 20208,9, the narrowness of the initial testing criteria, combined with a slow growth in testing capacity and porous travel screening10, left many countries vulnerable to unmitigated, cryptic
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Prestin’s conformational cycle underlies outer hair cell electromotility Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-25 Navid Bavi, Michael David Clark, Gustavo F. Contreras, Rong Shen, Bharat G. Reddy, Wieslawa Milewski, Eduardo Perozo
The voltage-dependent motor protein Prestin (SLC26A5) is responsible for the electromotive behavior of outer hair cells and underlies the cochlear amplifier1. Knock out or impairment of Prestin causes severe hearing loss2–5. Despite Prestin’s key role in hearing, the mechanism by which mammalian Prestin senses voltage and transduces it into cellular-scale movements (electromotility) is poorly understood
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Membrane fusion and immune evasion by the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-26 Jun Zhang, Tianshu Xiao, Yongfei Cai, Christy L. Lavine, Hanqin Peng, Haisun Zhu, Krishna Anand, Pei Tong, Avneesh Gautam, Megan L. Mayer, Richard M. Walsh, Jr., Sophia Rits-Volloch, Duane R. Wesemann, Wei Yang, Michael S. Seaman, Jianming Lu, Bing Chen
The Delta variant of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has outcompeted previously prevalent variants and become a dominant strain worldwide. We report the structure, function, and antigenicity of its full-length spike (S) trimer and those of the Gamma and Kappa variants and compare their characteristics with the G614, Alpha, and Beta variants. Delta S can fuse membranes more
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Untimely TGFβ responses in COVID-19 limit antiviral functions of NK cells Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-25 Mario Witkowski, Caroline Tizian, Marta Ferreira-Gomes, Daniela Niemeyer, Terry C. Jones, Frederik Heinrich, Stefan Frischbutter, Stefan Angermair, Thordis Hohnstein, Irene Mattiola, Philipp Nawrath, Sophie Mc Ewen, Silvia Zocche, Edoardo Viviano, Gitta Anne Heinz, Marcus Maurer, Uwe Kölsch, Robert Lorenz Chua, Tom Aschman, Christian Meisel, Josefine Radke, Birgit Sawitzki, Jobst Roehmel, Kristina
SARS-CoV-2 is a single-stranded RNA virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Given its acute and often self-limiting course, components of the innate immune system are likely central in controlling virus replication thereby determining clinical outcome. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes with notable activity against a broad range of viruses, including RNA viruses1,2. NK
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How climate change will make the hottest tropical days even more extreme Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-25
Dryness begets heat, and atmospheric moisture in the tropics is expected to be low on the hottest days in a warmer world.
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Brazil’s scientists face 90% budget cut Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-25
Letter to the Editor
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Surmounting challenges with a passion for science Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-25
Insight is more important than vision in theoretical physics, says Sofia Qvafort.
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‘Politicians shouldn’t meddle’: new chief of Europe’s major research funder shares priorities Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-25
Developmental geneticist Maria Leptin hopes to keep the European Research Council true to its founding mission.
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Academia’s ableist mindset needs to change Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-25
Four junior researchers with disabilities describe their career experiences to date, and how colleagues can act as allies.
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Inside the lawsuit that ended US gene patenting Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-25
How a win in the Supreme Court challenged a linchpin of the genetic-testing industry.
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Daily briefing: Solar storm pinpoints Viking presence in North America Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-22
Researchers have dated a Norse settlement in Canada to ad 1021. Plus: why elephants are evolving to lose their tusks, and how mix-and-match COVID vaccines have aced the effectiveness test.
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Vikings were living in North America exactly a thousand years ago Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-22
An animated tale of giant solar storms, ancient sagas and the latest radiocarbon dating technology.
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Erratum for the Research Article “The genetic architecture of the human cerebral cortex,” by K. L. Grasby et al. Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, October 2021.
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In Science Journals Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Ian S. Osborne, Valda Vinson, Brent Grocholski, Yevgeniya Nusinovich, Caroline Ash, Phil Szuromi, Warren Warren, Claire Olingy, Seth Thomas Scanlon, Sacha Vignieri, Jake Yeston, Christiana N. Fogg, Leslie K. Ferrarelli, Gemma Alderton, Andrew M. Sugden
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 415-417, October 2021.
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How ambitious are oil and gas companies’ climate goals? Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Simon Dietz, Dan Gardiner, Valentin Jahn, Jolien Noels
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 405-408, October 2021.
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Share vaccine know-how Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Priti Krishtel, Fatima Hassan
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 379-379, October 2021.
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A golden menace Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Sofia Moutinho
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 390-393, October 2021.
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Hunt begins for ancient Antarctic ice Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Paul Voosen
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 388-389, October 2021.
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What tore apart The Lancet’s COVID-19 origin probe? Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Jon Cohen
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 387-388, October 2021.
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Anthropologists grapple with identifying remains by race Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Lizzie Wade
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 386-387, October 2021.
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Misuse of funds leads to shutdown of top primate center Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Dennis Normile
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 385-385, October 2021.
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Ancient DNA reveals long-sought homeland of modern horses Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Ann Gibbons
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 384-385, October 2021.
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Red blood cells may be immune sentinels Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Mitch Leslie
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 383-383, October 2021.
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Polio vaccination to resume across Afghanistan Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Leslie Roberts
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 382-382, October 2021.
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News at a glance Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Jeffrey Brainard
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 380-381, October 2021.
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Accurately assessing children’s asthma study Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Juan C. Celedón
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 413-414, October 2021.
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Misleading portrayal of children’s asthma study Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Jeremy M. Berg
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 414-414, October 2021.
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Editor’s note Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Tim Appenzeller
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 414-414, October 2021.
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Step aside, aluminum honeycomb Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Mehdi Tajvidi, Douglas J. Gardner
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 400-401, October 2021.
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Of war, tusks, and genes Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Chris T. Darimont, Fanie Pelletier
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 394-395, October 2021.
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Toward collective animal neuroscience Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Julia Sliwa
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 397-398, October 2021.
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Bacterial defense islands limit viral attack Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Sean Meaden, Peter C. Fineran
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 399-400, October 2021.
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An improved water-harvesting cycle Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Lars Öhrström, Francoise M. Amombo Noa
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 402-402, October 2021.
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Iron-catalyzed coupling of three reactants Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Guillaume Lefèvre
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 396-397, October 2021.
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Tackling the pandemic with (biased) data Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Christina Pagel, Christian A. Yates
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 403-404, October 2021.
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In Other Journals Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Sacha Vignieri, Melissa McCartney, Seth Thomas Scanlon, Brad Wible, Phil Szuromi, Stella M. Hurtley, Peter Stern
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 416-417, October 2021.
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When to say ‘no’ Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-21 Mingde Zheng
Science, Volume 374, Issue 6566, Page 498-498, October 2021.
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Socioeconomic impacts of marine heatwaves: Global issues and opportunities Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Kathryn E. Smith, Michael T. Burrows, Alistair J. Hobday, Alex Sen Gupta, Pippa J. Moore, Mads Thomsen, Thomas Wernberg, Dan A. Smale
Extreme climatic events, including marine heatwaves (MHWs), are altering ecosystems globally, often with profound socioeconomic impacts. We examine how MHWs have affected the provision of ecosystem services and evaluate the socioeconomic consequences for human society. Ecological impacts range from harmful algal blooms and mass mortality events to reconfigurations of entire ecosystems, affecting provisioning
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Multidimensional phase singularities in nanophotonics Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Jincheng Ni, Can Huang, Lei-Ming Zhou, Min Gu, Qinghai Song, Yuri Kivshar, Cheng-Wei Qiu
Rapid progress in miniaturizing vortex devices is driven by their integration with optical sensing, micromanipulation, and optical communications in both classical and quantum realms. Many such efforts are usually associated with on-chip micro- or nanoscale structures in real space and possess a static orbital angular momentum. Recently, a new branch of singular optics has emerged that seeks phase
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Lightweight, strong, moldable wood via cell wall engineering as a sustainable structural material Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Shaoliang Xiao, Chaoji Chen, Qinqin Xia, Yu Liu, Yuan Yao, Qiongyu Chen, Matt Hartsfield, Alexandra Brozena, Kunkun Tu, Stephen J. Eichhorn, Yonggang Yao, Jianguo Li, Wentao Gan, Sheldon Q. Shi, Vina W. Yang, Marco Lo Ricco, J.Y. Zhu, Ingo Burgert, Alan Luo, Teng Li, Liangbing Hu
Wood is a sustainable structural material, but it cannot be easily shaped while maintaining its mechanical properties. We report a processing strategy that uses cell wall engineering to shape flat sheets of hardwood into versatile three-dimensional (3D) structures. After breaking down wood’s lignin component and closing the vessels and fibers by evaporating water, we partially re-swell the wood in
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Broadband electro-optic polarization conversion with atomically thin black phosphorus Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Souvik Biswas, Meir Y. Grajower, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Harry A. Atwater
Active polarization control is highly desirable in photonic systems but has been limited mostly to discrete structures in bulky dielectric media and liquid crystal–based variable retarders. Here, we report electrically reconfigurable polarization conversion across telecommunication wavelengths (1410 to 1575 nanometers) in van der Waals layered materials using tri-layer black phosphorus (TLBP) integrated
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Sulfur-anchoring synthesis of platinum intermetallic nanoparticle catalysts for fuel cells Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Cheng-Long Yang, Li-Na Wang, Peng Yin, Jieyuan Liu, Ming-Xi Chen, Qiang-Qiang Yan, Zheng-Shu Wang, Shi-Long Xu, Sheng-Qi Chu, Chunhua Cui, Huanxin Ju, Junfa Zhu, Yue Lin, Jianglan Shui, Hai-Wei Liang
Atomically ordered intermetallic nanoparticles are promising for catalytic applications but are difficult to produce because the high-temperature annealing required for atom ordering inevitably accelerates metal sintering that leads to larger crystallites. We prepared platinum intermetallics with an average particle size of <5 nanometers on porous sulfur-doped carbon supports, on which the strong interaction
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General method for iron-catalyzed multicomponent radical cascades–cross-couplings Science (IF 47.728) Pub Date : 2021-10-22 Lei Liu, Maria Camila Aguilera, Wes Lee, Cassandra R. Youshaw, Michael L. Neidig, Osvaldo Gutierrez
Transition metal–catalyzed cross-coupling reactions are some of the most widely used methods in chemical synthesis. However, despite notable advantages of iron (Fe) as a potentially cheaper, more abundant, and less toxic transition metal catalyst, its practical application in multicomponent cross-couplings remains largely unsuccessful. We demonstrate 1,2-bis(dicyclohexylphosphino)ethane Fe–catalyzed
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Moulded or folded, this wood stays strong Nature (IF 49.962) Pub Date : 2021-10-22
By tinkering with the structure of wood fibres, scientists have boosted the material’s flexibility and strength.
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