The increasing adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) brings opportunities for electric power transactions for users to be able to trade their excess electricity. Blockchain technology is envisaged as an electricity exchange platform to minimise the time gap and cost in the trading process. We propose a public electric power exchange service network with a gateway-based privacy-preserving scheme to implement

Recently, we see an increasing number of vehicles coming into our lives, which makes finding car parks a difficult task. To overcome this challenge, efficient and advanced parking techniques are required, such as finding the proper parking slot, increasing users’ experience, dynamic path planning and congestion avoidance. To this end, this survey provides a detailed overview starting from Smart Parking

Recently, with the advent of the Internet of Things (IoT), Smart Cities have emerged as a potential business opportunity for most cloud service providers. However, centralized cloud architectures cannot sustain the requirements imposed by many IoT services. High mobility coverage and low latency constraints are among the strictest requirements, making centralized solutions impractical. In response

Millimeter-wave mesh backhaul network (mm-wave MBN) is a key potential technology for massive traffic backhaul in 5G and beyond. However, one of the most urgent challenges is the high capacity and green backhaul solution. To that end, a QoS-oriented joint optimization of concurrent scheduling and power control is investigated, where the QoS demands of the transmission flows are fully considered. Firstly

5G promises much faster Internet transmission rates at minimum latencies with indoor and outdoor coverage in Smart Cities. 5G could potentially replace traditional Wi-Fi for network connectivity and Bluetooth technology for geolocation with a seamless radio coverage and network backbone therefore accelerating new services such as the Internet of Things (IoT). Although Wi-Fi 6 is already in the market

Datacenter networks have brought new challenges to meet datacenters’ unique performance requirements. Moreover, the many-to-one traffic pattern, which is quite common in datacenter networks, causes heavy network congestion and leads to TCP incast problem. To solve this problem, many TCP congestion control protocols have been proposed to mitigate the TCP incast. However, these protocols have more or

We study a networking scenario for 5G and beyond, called DroneCells, where miniaturized base stations (BSs) are mounted on flying drones to serve mobile users. We propose that the drones never stop, and move continuously within the cell in a way that reduces the distance between the BS and the serving users, thus potentially improving the spectral efficiency of the network. By considering the practical

A Space Internet is possible, as long as the delay and disruption challenges imposed by the space environment are properly tackled. Because these conditions are not well addressed by terrestrial Internet, more capable Delay-Tolerant Networking (DTN) protocols and algorithms are being developed. In particular, the principles and techniques for routing among ground elements and spacecraft in near-Earth

Nowadays, due to the personal nature of the managed data, numerous Internet of Things (IoT) applications represent a potential threat to user privacy. In order to address this issue, several access control models have been specifically designed for IoT. The great majority of these proposals adopt centralized enforcement mechanisms designed to control the communication of IoT devices operating in the

Providing interactive video-on-demand streaming over mobile ad hoc networks is still a challenge. Mobile nodes are dynamically and arbitrarily located in such a manner that interconnections between them change on a continual basis, thereby making timely video-delivery strenuous to achieve. To help to tackle this adversity, this paper proposes two BitTorrent-like algorithms. Their design concept lies

Cloud computing with its key facets and its inherent advantages still faces several challenges in the Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem. The distance among the IoT end devices and cloud computing might be a problem for latency-sensitive applications such as catastrophe management and content transference applications. Fog computing is a novel paradigm to address such issues that playacts a significant

Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks are one of the most important security threats, since multiple compromised systems perform massive attacks over a victim, overwhelming its bandwidth and/or resources. Such attacks can be detected, for example, by using supervised machine learning based solutions previously trained on large DDoS attack datasets in order to automatically identify malicious

In this paper, we introduce a Protected Routing, Modulation, Spectrum, and Core Allocation (RMSCA) algorithms with fluctuating traffic in Space Division Multiplexing-Elastic Optical Networks (SDM-EONs). This RMSCA algorithm is called Traffic Awareness Cross-talk Interference Avoidance (TACIA-RMSCA). We investigate the efficiency of efficient allocation of spectrum resources to minimize the impact of

Blockchain is one of the disruptive technical innovation in the recent computing paradigm. Many applications already notoriously hard and complex are fortunate to ameliorate the service with the blessings of blockchain and smart contracts. The decentralized and autonomous execution with in-built transparency of blockchain based smart contracts revolutionize most of the applications with optimum and

SlowDoS attacks exploit slow transmissions on application-level protocols like HTTP to carry out denial of service against web-servers. These attacks are difficult to be detected with traditional signature-based intrusion detection approaches, even more when the HTTP traffic is encrypted. To cope with this challenge, this paper describes and AI-based anomaly detection system for real-time detection

The lack of message encryption characterizing wireless avionic protocols, including Automatic Dependent Surveillance - Broadcast (ADS-B), recently favored the rise of a few communities that, gathering data collected by receivers at the ground or in space, offer advanced services, while at the same time releasing the cited data to the public. In this context, hiding the location of an ADS-B receiver

User trust is the most important factor in the success of the IoT based recommendation system. This trust can be eroded in many ways but the most basic of them is through hacking attacks during data transmission or perform beyond the scope processing on the collected data. Existing studies have presented different privacy-preservation schemes to ensure the privacy of specific data and require strict

Human-aware robot navigation is the key to facilitate the deployment of mobile robots into human–robot shared environments. Although many efforts have been made in this regard, almost all of the existing works focus on the constraints such as user comfort and social rules, while ignoring to consider user preferences. And it is expected that the mobile robot is able to navigate in the user-desired areas

Data-center networks (DCN) possess multiple new features: coexistence of elephant flow/mice flow/coflow, and coexistence of multiple network resources (bandwidth, cache and computing). The cache should be a factor of effecting routing decision because it can eliminate redundant traffic in DCN. However, the conventional routing schemes cannot learn from their previous experiences regarding network abnormalities

In many countries, the Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) has been deployed in tandem with other strategies to curb the spread of COVID-19, improve the safety of front-line personnel, increase efficacy by lessening the severity of the disease on human lives, and decrease mortality rates. Significant inroads have been achieved in terms of applications and technology, as well as security which have also

The right choice of features to be extracted from individual or aggregated observations is an extremely critical factor for the success of modern network traffic classification approaches based on machine learning. Such activity, usually in charge of the designers of the classification scheme is strongly related to their experience and skills, and definitely characterizes the whole approach, implementation

Localization has long been considered as a crucial research problem for pervasive sensing systems, especially with the arrival of big data era. Various techniques have been proposed to improve the localization accuracy by leveraging common wireless signals, such as radio signal strength indication (RSSI), collected from sensors placed in pervasive environments. However, the measured signal value can

Regarding the advantages of video for communications, it is expected that video transmission becomes an inseparable part of most IoT solutions which raises numerous challenges especially over LLNs (Low Power Lossy Networks). Considering these challenges and video transmission requirements for IoT applications, utilizing a proper application layer protocol plays an important role consequently. In this

5G-NB-IoT, cellular assisted low power wide area IoT technology, has become an emerging technology for smart farming applications. As NB-IoT offers a significant link budget improvement by utilizing repeated transmissions and varies the repetition order based on the path loss in communications. Hence can cater to the farming geographical requirements effectively. However, these repetitions inevitably

With the development of cloud services, many network fraudulent incidents have damaged the interests of transaction subjects and brought a great crisis to online service. To analyze and solve the key conditions for different participants to achieve mutual trust and win-win situations in the cloud computing, we propose a trust prediction game model composed of the supervisor, cloud service provider

To address time unfairness access problems in the dynamic channel, an underwater adaptive contention window (CW) adjustment backoff algorithm (QL-UACW) based on Q-learning is presented in this paper. That algorithm employs the concept of reinforcement learning to adaptively adjust the competition window by autonomously learning the network communication process. Based on QL-UACW and in order to address

With the rapid development of web-based applications, clicking on hyperlinks has become a general means for accessing various network services. Understanding the visiting behavior of web users not only helps improve the personalized service quality and user experience, but also plays an important role in network management and early threat detection. Click-stream identification is a fundamental issue

Numerous studies have focused on making telemedicine smart through the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. These works span a wide range of research areas to enhance telemedicine architecture such as network communications, artificial intelligence methods and techniques, IoT wearable sensors and hardware devices, smartphones and cloud computing. Accordingly, several telemedicine applications covering

In major Information Technology (IT) companies such as Google, Rackspace and Amazon Web Services (AWS), virtualisation and containerisation technologies are usually used to execute customers' workloads and applications. The computational resources are provided through large-scale datacenters, which consume substantial amount of energy and have, therefore, ecological impacts. Since long, Google runs

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have achieved impressive success in the domain of Euclidean data such as image. However, designing deep neural network to cluster nodes especially in social networks is still a challenging task. Moreover, recent advanced methods for node clustering have focused on learning node embedding, upon which classic clustering algorithms like K-means are applied. Nevertheless, the

For the sake of fulfilling the ever-increasing demands on the Internet of Things (IoT) applications, researchers are implementing Cognitive Radio (CR) technology in Ad-Hoc Networks (AHNs). Moreover, In-Band Full-Duplex (IBFD) technology in CRAHNs is gaining scholars’ interests recently. Hence, we are considering non-time-slotted IBFD-CRAHNs to clear up the reactivation failure and frequent hand-off

Recent years have witnessed the emergence of the Internet of Things (IoT) systems that incorporate blockchain (BC) elements in their architecture. Due to discrepancies between the requirements of IoT systems and the characteristics of BC networks, the motivations and design of these blockchain-enabled IoT systems (BC-IoT) are not only intriguing from a research perspective but also invaluable in practice

With the advent of a hyper-connected society, expectations for blockchain technology and its potential have increased. Blockchain technology is emerging as a method to solve security vulnerabilities in the IoT and mobile devices that are already used in various industrial fields. However, the security problem is still one of the most critical issues. The conventional blockchain has a problem in which

Machine learning is becoming increasingly popular in modern technology and has been adopted in various application areas. However, researchers have demonstrated that machine learning models are vulnerable to adversarial examples in their inputs, which has given rise to a field of research known as adversarial machine learning. Potential adversarial attacks include methods of poisoning datasets by perturbing

Multi-channel non-time-slotted cognitive radio ad hoc networks are attractive to researchers nowadays; because they utilize the spectrum efficiently and represent a useful network design for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. From this point, a simulator that mimics these networks is developed using Java language. Further, researchers have proven that many problems facing these networks can be

Mobile data offloading via D2D communication is an emerging way to alleviate the traffic overloading burdens in cellular networks and improve mobile users’ satisfactions. However, the third-party offloading service provider (OSP) has no incentive to participate in data offloading considering its personal profit. Motivated by this challenge, we propose a user-initiated incentive mechanism where mobile

The attractive benefits of cloud computing environment motivate Information Technology (IT) companies to move their IT infrastructure on the cloud server. In a cloud environment, companies must depend on the untrusted Cloud Service Provider (CSP), which raises data security issues due to the presence of numerous hackers and malicious users. Apart from data security, high searching time of data owner

Labor intensive visual observation has been used to study the activities of Asian parti-colored (APC) bats in the past. Through an Internet of Things (IoT) platform called BatTalk, we continuously monitor the APC bats population to investigate its compositional changes, life history, and environmental factors. BatTalk achieves the same goals as traditional visual observations with reduced man power

Blockchain and the Internet of things (IoT) systems are attracting more and more research efforts from both academia and industry. Blockchain is rapidly evolving to be a new infrastructure for building robust distributed applications. Similarly, Internet of things is getting increasing deployment in the context of smart city, smart home, smart healthcare, etc. On the intersection of the two emerging

To support multimedia applications, Mobile Edge Computing (MEC) servers offer storage and computing capacities to handle videos close to end-users. However, the high load in peak hours consumes the limited available bandwidth of existing cellular and backhaul links leading to low network performance. Hence, an elastic system model is required to maintain the high Quality of Experience (QoE) as the

Link Flooding Attacks (LFA) are a devastating type of stealthy denial of service attack that congests critical network links and can completely isolate the victim's network. In this work, we present a systematic survey of LFA patterns on all the layers of the Software Defined Network (SDN) ecosystem, along with a comparative analysis of mitigation techniques. The paper starts by examining different

The stringent requirements of wireless multimedia transmission lead to very high radio spectrum solicitation. Although the radio spectrum is considered as a scarce resource, the issue with spectrum availability is not scarcity, but the inefficient utilization. Unique characteristics of cognitive radio (CR) such as flexibility, adaptability, and interoperability, particularly have contributed to it

With massive new applications and online services, the future design of the Internet will have new requirements and implications, such as compatible mobility, scalability, reliability and security. The Named Data Networking (NDN) is the most promising future internet architecture paradigm which focuses on content driven communication. Unlike traditional IP networks, named content-based data networks

Protocol reverse engineering is helpful to automatically obtain the specifications of protocols that are useful for network management, network security systems and test case generation tools. To achieve better accuracy, these kinds of applications require good models that can capture not only the order of exchanging messages (control flow aspect) but also the data being transmitted (data flow aspect)

Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, can cause severe destruction and create havoc in the society. Buildings and other structures may collapse during disaster incidents causing injuries and deaths to victims trapped under debris and rubble. Immediately after a natural disaster incident, it becomes extremely difficult for first responders and rescuers to find and save trapped victims. Often searches

This paper presents a CDA mechanism to simultaneously coordinate data dissemination and data aggregation services in coexisting heterogeneous IoT networks (i.e., WiFi and ZigBee) using a WiFi Access Point (AP). With CDA, the WiFi signal interference to the low power ZigBee network is mitigated via the latest Cross-Technology Communication (CTC) techniques. The CTC techniques used in CDA are compatible

OpenFlow is unable to provide customized flow tables, resulting in memory explosions and high switch retirement rates. This is the bottleneck for the development of SDN. Recently, P4 (Programming Protocol-independent Packet Processors) attracts much attentions from both academia and industry. It provides customized networking services by offering flow-level control. P4 can “produce” various forwarding

Areas with social and business impact such as entertainment, healthcare, surveillance, and e-learning would benefit from improvements in video coding and transcoding services. New codecs, such as AV1, are being developed to deal with new demands for high video resolutions with bandwidth constraints and quality requirements. However, these new codecs have high computational requirements and new strategies

Cloud computing has attracted increasing attention in data management. Data replication, which brings files closer to the data consumers, is a well-known technique that reduces access time and bandwidth consumption. This paper addresses two issues concerning replica placement process. The first is how to reduce access costs and replication costs that are two conflicting goals. To achieve this, we propose

Personal data are often collected and processed in a decentralized fashion, within different contexts. For instance, with the emergence of distributed applications, several providers are usually correlating their records, and providing personalized services to their clients. Collected data include geographical and indoor positions of users, their movement patterns as well as sensor-acquired data that

We propose a suite of dynamic security metrics that timely, dynamically, and adaptively assess the effectiveness of the software-defined network (SDN)-based moving target defense (MTD) techniques. The security metrics are developed to measure the dynamics of a network and a host state's information (e.g., IP address, port, software stacks, vulnerabilities, or network topology) introduced by various

Nowadays, online applications are moving to the cloud, and for delay-sensitive ones, the cloud is being extended with edge/fog domains. Emerging cloud platforms that tightly integrate compute and network resources enable novel services, such as versatile IoT (Internet of Things), augmented reality or Tactile Internet applications. Virtual infrastructure managers (VIMs), network controllers and upper-level

In this paper, we consider the problem of event localization in the presence of anomalous nodes, in Internet of Things (IoT) and Mobile Crowd Sensing (MCS) systems. A sensing node could be anomalous due to faultiness in any of its components, or due to maliciousness, where it may forge and inject false readings. In both cases, anomalous nodes can significantly alter the task quality and outcome, which

Reversible adders are essential circuits in quantum computing systems. They are a fundamental part of the algorithms implemented for such systems, where Shor's celebrated factoring algorithm is one of the most prominent examples in which reversible arithmetic is needed. There is a wide variety of works in the existing literature which tackle the design of an adder for quantum systems, and today there

Rapid growth in mobile data traffic and technological improvements in mobile devices revealed the concept of collaborative Internet access via User Provided Networks (UPN). According to this approach, users with strong cellular connection share their own connections with other users that have limited or no cellular connection. However, in such services, one of the key issues is the users' willingness

The multi-subtopic is challenging to be understood timely and comprehensively due to micro-blog characteristics, such as low-value density, and fast update speed. For such an issue, this paper proposes a Multi-Subtopic Bi-level Network (MSBN) for micro-blog hot topics based on feature co-occurrence and semantic community division to support users understanding better the subject. First, the highlighted

High-speed, low latency, and heterogeneity features of 5G, as the common denominator of many emerging and classic wireless applications, have put wireless technology back in the spotlight. Continuous connectivity requirement in low-power and wide-reach networks underlines the need for more efficient routing over scarce wireless resources, in multi-hp scenarios. In this regard, Opportunistic Routing

Reputation systems offer a medium where users can quantify the trustworthiness or reliability of individuals providing online services or products. In the past, researchers have used blockchain technology for reputation systems. Smart contracts are computer protocols which have the primary objective to supervise, implement, or validate performances or negotiations of contracts. However, through a systematic