Digital literacy (DL) is an important capacity for students’ learning in a rapidly changing world. However, tension exists between the theoretical conceptualizations of DL as a multidimensional construct and empirical studies reporting unidimensional DL scores. Also, little is known about how DL may vary among different age cohorts, and whether and at which age do performance gaps emerge with respect

The Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) is the world's most extensive assessment of student's scholastic and general abilities, featuring assessments in over 70 countries. In the program's 2015 cycle, the assessment included a computerized measure of collaborative problem-solving skills (CPS) using virtual agents. Studies on the validity of this approach are sparse, however. To firstly

The online discussion format has proven itself to be useful for promoting student collaboration and for accomplishing better learning outcomes. As a popular instant message software in China, WeChat has been commonly adopted for supporting academic group discussions. Many studies have explored how teacher facilitation affects students' learning performance in the synchronous or asynchronous discussion

The purpose of this work was to meta-analyze empirical evidence about the effectiveness of digital-based interventions for students with mathematical learning difficulties. Furthermore, we investigated whether the school level of the participants and the software instructional approach were decisive modulated factors. A systematic search of randomized controlled studies published between 2003 and 2019

In the digital age, reading literacy, and particularly, higher-level reading comprehension involved in making sense of information from multiple sources online is an important educational challenge. This study explores designs for teaching reading to third graders in Taiwan. Over the course of a semester, the experimental group engaged in an innovative technology-supported approach called Knowledge

This study primarily examined whether belief generation had effects on indicators of cross-cultural competence measured within a game-based social simulation. Participants (N = 433) played a game simulating an artificial culture with norms embodying two cultural concepts: hierarchy and collectivism. Participants were randomized into one of three conditions and completed three game quests: (1) Beliefs

As an innovative educational paradigm, the massive open online course (MOOC) has received extensive attention from both academia and industry. Extant literature has made much effort to investigate the technological supports of MOOCs but how learners understand and master these technologies is still unclear. Moreover, given the collaborative features (e.g. discussion forum and peer assessment) of MOOCs

Online learning platforms integrating open educational resources (OERs) are increasingly adopted in secondary education as supplemental resources for teaching and learning. However, students report difficulties sustaining their engagement because of the self-paced nature of OER-supported learning environments. We noted that little attention has been paid to factors related to student perseverance and

Given the focus on boosting retention rates and the potential benefits of proactive and early identification of students who may require support, higher education institutions are looking at the data already captured in university systems. Student early alert systems are part of formal, proactive, early intervention communication initiatives that institutions have put into place to help with the timely

The use of classroom videos has become an increasingly popular topic in teacher education and educational research. Usually, video-based classroom observation is done using a "normal" 4:3 or 16:9 video recording from a given camera angle. By contrast, 360-degree videos do not predefine a specific camera angle during the recording, and the observer is able to choose the viewing direction while watching

Lecturers in educational videos often use gestures to emphasize what has been said or highlight learning relevant information, which is visible on the screen. However, differences in types of lecturer gestures, such as rhythmic (beat) gestures and signaling (deictic) gestures, have not been investigated thoroughly yet concerning human lecturers in educational videos. In two experiments (N1 = 108; N2 = 121)

Enriching e-book systems with some features from social networking sites, such as Facebook, has the potential to affect the learning process for students. In this study, we investigated the behavioral patterns of students learning with a Facebook-based e-book approach. An experimentation was conducted in which data were collected from students’ log and then the lag sequential analysis was adopted to

Scholars postulate that mobile devices can be used to transform learning. However, there is a paucity of evidence to determine if mobile learning is redefining learning or if these devices are being used to replicate past teaching practices. To fill this gap in scholarly understanding, this systematic review was conducted to examine studies from 2014 to 2019 involving mobile devices in PK-12 (2–18

Contemporary educational research has increasingly pointed to socioemotional dimensions of learning as important in promoting academic progress and sociocognitive developments. Epistemic Network Analysis, a methodology for producing quantitative ethnographies based on complex learning environments, has only begun to examine socioemotional facets of learning in classrooms. The aim of this research is

As the number of mobile educational applications for foreign language learning grows, mobile English learning applications play a vital role in helping non-native English speakers learn English. However, the role of check-in services in mobile English learning remains to be explored. Mobile English learning check-in services allow learners to show their learning records on social networking sites,

Internet and social media platforms such as YouTube are an emblem of information on demand, but, their educative value, especially for conceptually rich domains, such as science, remains unclear. Many people perceive YouTube as a good resource for learning about science, yet viewing many of the available videos can be akin to learning through transmission models, which are considered inferior when

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of teacher education courses for technology integration (TECTI) on pre-service teacher knowledge. Knowledge is both the practical and conceptual knowledge that goes into technology integrated teaching and learning in PK12 classrooms. Subgroup analyses were executed to examine literature-based course design features (e.g., lesson planning) for TECTI

The purpose of this study was to analyze the design characteristics of game-based learning environments in the research literature through a content analysis. Article text was coded in 194 sampled publications on six primary characteristics and 14 secondary characteristics from 2007 to 2017. The results revealed associations between four groups of primary characteristics for a framework including leveled

More and more students are learning via online academic discussions, posting messages in an attempt to discuss their learning problems. However, many messages do not receive responses. Posting messages that elicit responses is essential to students' experiences of learning through online discussions, but the characteristics of such messages are seldom studied. To fill this gap, this paper examines

This study adopted the design-based research (DBR) method to explore whether the integrated technology-enhanced learning mode could help college teachers design more interactive classes, and to assist undergraduate students in achieving active learning. The study lasted for 4 semesters and consisted of 3 research phases, in which the issues of how to use learning technology tools to promote active

Facilitation of social interactions in Massive Open Online Courses can benefit from conceptualizing forum sub-populations through a networked lens. Such a lens implies that forum interactions represent a network of learners with heterogeneous levels of commitment to forum activity. A networked lens helps capture forum communities, so-called forum residents, as well as the rest of the crowd, also known

In this study, a training program, which aimed to develop pre-service teachers' digital competences, was designed. After the training, pre-service teachers’ opinions in terms of digital competence development, how they planned to use the digital competence knowledge and skills that they gained in the training program for their future professional careers, and pros and cons of the training were examined

Technological advancements offer new possibilities of interacting with learning materials, including the use of gestures and body movements. The present study addressed the question of how using one's body to enact movements whilst learning about them would affect outcomes. 85 participants were shown either sequences of photographs or videos of fishes deploying different locomotion patterns for propulsion

Learning analytics (LA) as a research field has grown rapidly over the last decade. However, adoption of LA is mostly found to be small in scale and isolated at the instructor level. This paper presents an exploratory study on institutional approaches to LA in European higher education and discusses prominent challenges that impede LA from reaching its potential. Based on a series of consultations

With rapid advances in Artificial Intelligence (AI) over the last decade, schools have increasingly employed innovative tools, intelligent applications and methods that are changing the education system with the aim of improving both user experience and learning gain in the classrooms. Even though the use of AI to education is not new, it has not unleashed its full potential yet. Much of the available

Augmented reality (AR) adds additional information to players’ reality, and might offer supplementary advantages compared to other technologies. The goals of this study were to characterize and understand the benefits of AR in sports education and training. We reviewed Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SportDiscus databases, and discussed the results in various domains. Our results showed that different

Metacognitive experiences are the feelings and judgments that emerge in relation to an ongoing learning task. Much of the work on metacognitive experiences has studied these constructs piecemeal and mostly in individual learning settings. Thus, little is known about how metacognitive experiences co-occur in social learning settings. In light of this, we investigated the relationships between metacognitive

This study was conducted to explain the factors influencing wiki-mediated learning by integrating learner characteristics, environmental factors, and the knowledge-building function of teamwork on a wiki platform by using two theoretical tracks from the literature on wiki: adoption continuance and knowledge management in collaborative teams. An online survey (self-report study) was administered to

Internet addiction (IA) is a significant public health issue among adolescents. There is considerable evidence that IA is associated with various psychosocial harms. There is a dearth of studies exploring the association between IA and academic aspirations. The present study explored the association between time spent on online activities, Internet addiction, self-esteem, and academic aspirations among

Self-directed learning is becoming increasingly important in the twenty-first century due to the rapid changes caused by technological advancement and automation, which necessitate a shift in the learning models adopted by students from a more teacher-directed to a more student-centred pedagogy. Video games can be leveraged to develop self-directed learning in students because digital play environments

Peer assessment activities might be one of the few personalized assessment alternatives to the implementation of auto-graded activities at scale in Massive Open Online Course (MOOC) environments. However, teacher's motivation to implement peer assessment activities in their courses might go beyond the most straightforward goal (i.e., assessment), as peer assessment activities also have other side benefits

Various studies over the past few decades have been exploring the educational advantages and potential of virtual reality (VR) and the idea that students engage with their learning materials more effectively when using their own devices. This study uses a newly created VR game-based English mobile learning application and investigates student English learning effectiveness, student game engagement

There is an increasing emphasis on teaching young learners to code; yet, there are few tools designed to measure the effect of learning to code on children. The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a tool to assess changes in young learners' attitudes toward coding: the Elementary Student Coding Attitudes Survey (ESCAS). We validated the scale using Confirmatory Factory Analysis and Structural

Reading in early ages can be a challenge due to difficulties in recognizing new words and may result in lack of proper comprehension of the text. To address this problem, technology has been used in the form of electronic books and more recently Augmented Reality (AR) books. In this study, we measure reading comprehension of children reading an AR storybook and compare it with their counterparts reading

It is vital to develop an understanding of students' self-regulatory processes in the domains of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics) for the quality delivery of STEM education. However, most studies have followed a variable-centered approach, leaving open the question of how specific SRL (Self-regulated Learning) behaviors group within individual learners. Furthermore, little is

Immersive virtual reality (VR) is a powerful tool for vocational training - especially for safety-critical vocations where real-world training is often too complicated, expensive, or risky. Despite its apparent utility in this context, there is not yet a coherent, systematic framework that captures the key features of user learning experiences in immersive virtual reality environments. With the use

This study explored the influence of the virtual reality (VR) game House of Languages on the English as a Foreign Language (EFL) vocabulary acquisition of intermediate school students. A quasi-experimental design helped determine the impact of the VR intervention on the learning process over the traditional EFL vocabulary acquisition method. A nonrandom convenience sample of (n = 64) male students

Drawing from the scholarly literature, it seems that across all levels of education, teachers frequently must assume that students come to them without knowledge of statistics; in essence, instructors start from scratch each time they set out to teach statistics. As such, augmented reality (AR) presents an opportunity to explore ways for students to learn basic statistical reasoning skills authentically

Eight databases were used to locate research articles examining the use of audience response systems (ARS) for large group teaching in higher education settings which focussed upon the student experience. Qualitative and mixed methods articles were screened according to selection criteria. Of the twenty selected studies, an analysis of the papers helped identify six interconnected themes: 1) engagement

Previous research indicates that students' classroom laptop use distracts their peers and negatively affects the learning of their neighbors. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the types of activities that laptop users undertake (i.e., on-task note-taking versus off-task Web browsing) differentially affect their neighbors' learning. Sixty-two participants listened to a lecture in a

Based on systematic research of studies published since the year 2000, this comprehensive meta-analysis investigated how the use of technology can enhance learning in secondary school mathematics and science (grade levels 5–13). All studies (k = 92) compared learning outcomes of students using digital tools to those of a control group taught without the use of digital tools. Overall, digital tool use

Despite the widespread adoption of multimodal and digital modes of representation outside school settings, classroom assessment practices rely more on conventional print media and less on digital technologies. Stronger connections between the use of ICT in schools, contextual factors, and theoretical approaches are needed if teachers are to use digital tools effectively in the classroom. This study

The open learner model (OLM) represents the knowledge or skill levels of learners in various ways, encouraging learners to actively participate in thinking about and crafting their own learning. Despite the important roles that OLMs play in higher education to support the learning process and self-regulated learning (SRL) in particular, there are few studies systematically reviewing OLM technology

This study explores the effects of formative feedback on students’ metacognitive skills when using feedback strategies with polling technology. Using a randomized field experiment among 633 physics students in six schools in Dutch secondary education, we study assessments with the polling technology Socrative, by dividing students into three groups. Students in the cooperative group use a combination

Information and communication technology (ICT) has become an important component of initial teacher education (ITE) in Europe and in the continuous professional development of practicing teachers. The development of professional digital competence (PDC) is emerging as an essential part of teacher education. Due to the increasing use of ICT and the growing number of online teaching and learning resources

Using information and communication technology (ICT) in childhood education is becoming more relevant as research shows that it can be used to foster children's academic and non-academic skills. ICT can help build environments where children can communicate and collaborate, but creating effective learning environments is not trivial. It is thus necessary to study which configuration is the most appropriate

Strategies that incorporate learning analytics are continuing to advance as higher education institutions work to promote student success. Although many of the early learning analytics applications were intended to help teaching professionals to identify at-risk students, some learning analytics applications display information on course progress and performance directly to students. While positive

The educational value of digital game-based language learning has aroused attention in the English language teaching field. Among all language-specific skills, grammar is seldom addressed in game-based language learning, despite the fact that learning grammar is one of the challenging tasks for English as a Foreign Language (EFL) students. Learners often lack the motivation and enthusiasm to learn

The physical effects of exergaming have been proven, but less is known about the psychological effects in elementary schools that make exergames an effective educational tool. The application of gamification to education is still an emerging practice that has been barely studied. The aim of this study was to analyse the effects of a gamified exergaming intervention in Physical Education classes in

In this paper, social network analysis (SNA) and inductive qualitative analysis are used to explore the structure, vulnerability and information diffusion potential of four courses' network. Using text classifier based on machine learning, more than 100,000 posts from these courses were categorized as either related to the course content or not and furthermore studying these posts' role in different

The implementation of effective professional development courses for K-12 teachers on computational thinking (CT) in relation to programming remains a challenge. There is a lack of high-quality empirical research on teacher development in CT in relation to programming. This study addressed that situation by providing empirical evidence of the design and evaluation of such a teacher development program

In recent years, a strong investment has been made to equip schools with technology for educational purposes, leading to some transformations in teachers' practices. In this context, apart from traditional format, there are online platforms available for teachers to assign and monitor homework completed by students. Literature has described the benefits of online homework for teachers when compared

Live-line maintenance is a high risk activity. Hence, lineworkers require effective and safe training. Virtual Reality Training Systems (VRTS) provide an affordable and safe alternative for training in such high risk environments. However, their effectiveness relies mainly on having meaningful activities for supporting learning and on their ability to detect untrained students. This study builds a

With the exponential growth in the mobile device market over the last decade, chatbots are becoming an increasingly popular option to interact with users, and their popularity and adoption are rapidly spreading. These mobile devices change the way we communicate and allow ever-present learning in various environments. This study examined educational chatbots for Facebook Messenger to support learning

Recent meta-analyses (Delgado et al., 2018; Kong et al., 2018; Clinton et al., 2019 show that reading comprehension on paper is better than on screen among (young) adults. Children's screen reading comprehension, however, is underexplored. This article presents an experiment measuring the effect of reading medium on younger (10-year old) readers' comprehension, carried out in Norway in 2015. In a within-subjects

Learning technologies are implemented in higher education institutions to enhance teaching and meet external challenges and demands. The adoption of the technologies by academics, however, frequently falls short of organisational aspirations. Academics respond in different and sometimes unpredictable ways. To advance understanding of factors influencing adoption, we systematically reviewed literature

The present study developed a web-based argumentation program (WAP) to support the science concept and argumentation learning of low achievers (LAs) in socio-scientific issue (SSI) contexts. A quasi-experimental design was applied in the present study. A total of 63 eighth-grade LAs were defined as the experimental group, while 62 of their peers who were medium achievers (MAs) were defined as the control

Technological tools have the potential to efficiently support learning performance in children and are therefore recognized as being beneficial for children with special needs, such as reading disorders. The present study investigated the effectivity of a novel digital game-based reading training in second- and third-grade children with reading disorder (N = 50) carried out in home environment over

The popularity of interactive whiteboards (IWBs) has grown and, in many countries, are nearly ubiquitous. Nevertheless, a lack of training, among other factors, has led to teachers misusing, or even abandoning this technology. While IWBs should improve learning outcomes, few studies have evaluated the impact of long-term IWB-based instruction. The purpose of this study is to track changes in the mathematical

The inclusion of computational thinking (CT) in the classroom is something that the present and future society is demanding. However, this domain remains largely unexplored, especially in the first years of Primary Education. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether the inclusion of the so-called unplugged activities favours the development of CT in the students of the early years of Primary