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Christian Dior: Designer of Dreams Dress Pub Date : 2022-06-23 Jaclyn Marcus
Published in Dress: The Journal of the Costume Society of America (Ahead of Print, 2022)
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Designing Sustainable Craft Curricula: Balancing Academic and Practical Training The International Journal of Art & Design Education (IF 0.434) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Eunghan Choi, Min Jeong Song
Since craft education was absorbed into higher education (HE), the concept of crafts and the demographic profiles of crafts practitioners have evolved, yet little is known about the extent to which craft programmes in HE are adapting to 21st-century changes and trends. This study aimed to investigate current HE crafts curricula in South Korea, focusing on students' perception of the efficacy of academic
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Encounters among Environmental Education and Eco-Art in the Anthropocene The International Journal of Art & Design Education (IF 0.434) Pub Date : 2022-06-22 Irida Tsevreni
This study explores the potential of the interdisciplinary zone that is created when art meets environmental education in the Anthropocene. It shares the findings of an eco-art project that took place in the framework of an environmental education course, where the undergraduate students were encouraged to create eco-art pieces, to investigate environmental problems/issues through art and to communicate
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From Janusz Korczak’s Democratic Pedagogy to Sharon Lockhart’s Artistic Project: Pedagogical Inspiration in Contemporary Art The International Journal of Art & Design Education (IF 0.434) Pub Date : 2022-06-18 Barbara Kwiatkowska-Tybulewicz
The aim of this article is to present pedagogical inspirations in contemporary art. In pedagogical research and analyses, we more frequently pose questions about the artistic inspirations for educational theory and practice. In the face of the educational turn in contemporary art and culture, it is worth considering inspiration in the opposite direction. The article discusses the project Little Review
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A History of Fashion, Collecting & Exhibiting at the Palais Galliera Dress Pub Date : 2022-06-20 Sandra Mathey García-Rada
Published in Dress: The Journal of the Costume Society of America (Ahead of Print, 2022)
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Troubleshooting as a method in COVID-19 times: smart home ethnographies and remote aged care innovation Digital Creativity Pub Date : 2022-06-20 Melisa Duque, Sarah Pink, Michael Mortimer, Yolande Strengers, Rex Martin, Larissa Nicholls, Ben Horan, Alicia Eugene, Sue Thomson
ABSTRACT This article outlines and demonstrates the practice of troubleshooting as a method. We argue that as an interdisciplinary, collaborative, digital-hybridized and adaptable approach, troubleshooting provides an ethical opportunity to explore the experiences and outcomes of (older) people living with connected home technologies in ways that deliver novel and meaningful research insights. Our
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Navigating Complexity through Co-Design: Visualising, Understanding and Activating Entrepreneurial Ecosystems The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-16 Badziili Nthubu, David Perez, Daniel Richards, Leon Cruickshank
Abstract Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) draw on inter-firm resources to innovate. As a result, SMEs find themselves embedded in complex local ecosystems that they do not fully understand. We used the co-design visualisation approach to help actors visualise, understand, and activate entrepreneurial actions to address this challenge. The study engaged SMEs, researchers, and innovation policymakers
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Exploring water-consuming personal care and hygiene practices in the bathroom environment and user intentions for improving effective water consumption The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-16 Dilruba Oğur Aydın, Çağla Doğan
Abstract When influencing behaviours towards sustainable directions, the main focus is on understanding diverse factors that shape individuals’ behaviours, habits and routines of everyday practices, while recognizing the tendencies of individuals to alter these behaviours is often neglected. This paper presents an exploratory graduate research that investigates individuals’ diverse behaviours which
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Editorial Fashion Practice Pub Date : 2022-06-15 Marilyn DeLong
Published in Fashion Practice: The Journal of Design, Creative Process & the Fashion Industry (Vol. 14, No. 2, 2022)
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Work, care and creativity in a time of COVID-19: creatively mapping presence bleed in the home Digital Creativity Pub Date : 2022-06-13 Larissa Hjorth, Gretchen Coombs, Kelly Hussey-Smith, Julienne van Loon
ABSTRACT The pandemic restrictions and lockdowns have seen working from home (WFH) becoming a mundane practice. During the lockdowns, all movement were situated in the rhythms of the domestic and its infinite regresses of 'presence bleed' (Gregg [2011]. Work’s Intimacy. London: Polity.) – informal care of older parents and young children, the gendered nature of care work and its often invisible role
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A critique of the representationalist framing of design The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-12 Mina Tahsiri
Abstract This paper brings attention to the chronological developments in a strand of design research that aimed at demystifying the characteristics and nature of design through what will be argued to have been predominantly a representationalist framework. It discusses how the uncritical acceptance and combination of some of the concepts that have come to be attributed to design (design as an ill-structured
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The Fabric of Civilization: How Textiles Made the World Dress Pub Date : 2022-06-10 Robin Carufel
Published in Dress: The Journal of the Costume Society of America (Ahead of Print, 2022)
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The role of perception of affective quality in graphic design inspiration The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-10 Vimalkrishnan Rangarajan, Prasad S. Onkar, Alison De Kruiff, Deirdre Barron
Abstract Perceiving inspirational material is an important part of conceptual design. Cognitive processes like ‘analogical reasoning’ and ‘semantic processing’ in the perception of inspirational material are widely studied. However, the distinct role played by aspects of emotion such as perception of affective quality in the perception of inspirational material is relatively unexplored. Through a descriptive
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Future home stories: participatory predicaments and methodological scaffolding in narrative speculation on alternative domestic lives Digital Creativity Pub Date : 2022-06-08 Alexa Becker, Benedikt Haupt, Arne Berger, Christian Pentzold
ABSTRACT Not infrequently, smart home imaginaries and installations are envisaged for nuclear families dwelling in detached houses fitted with the latest Internet of Things (IoT) solutions. In our article, we follow one approach to escape this powerful but inadequate projection that entails inviting people to imagine alternative forms of domestic IoT use. Surveying the setup of these nascent endeavours
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Game design guidelines to foster empathic behaviours in school-age children The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-08 Roberta Rech Mandelli, Leandro Miletto Tonetto, Bruno Augusto Lorenz, Guilherme Englert Corrêa Meyer, Angela Marin
Abstract Empathy supports social development and fosters deep social connections among people. It refers to affective expressions that enable people to understand others and share experiences with them. Childhood is a crucial stage for developing empathy, in which play activities are significant opportunities to exercise empathic behaviour. This research aimed to understand how the design of games
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‘I can put my culture on my t-shirt’: The value of design and enterprise in Ntaria The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-08 Nicola St John
Abstract In the Aboriginal community of Ntaria, visual communication is utilized to enhance storytelling, kinship relationships, and cultural knowledge. This research investigates how digital design tools could generate new forms of representation and connection while leading to the creation of employment pathways for young adults. Detailed in this paper is how Ntaria Design, a student-led enterprise
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Looking for ethnography in design research through three decades The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-08 Ozge Merzali Celikoglu, Miray Hamarat
Abstract Ethnographic methods are widely used in design research and provide valuable data for gaining in-depth understanding of any particular situation. To broaden the use of ethnography in design research, first, we investigated how ethnography and design research are related in the last 36 years by focusing on which ethnographic methods are utilized; why and in which domains of design research
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Inclusive design within industry 4.0: A literature review with an exploration of the concept of complexity The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-07 Ana Correia de Barros
Abstract Digitalisation giving rise to Industry 4.0 is said to bring significant change to shop floor workplaces in industrial production. Prior research anticipates challenges of new skills demanded from workers, but also opportunities to employ disabled workers. Inclusive Design could be able to augment this potential of digitalisation towards the inclusion of disabled workers. This paper reports
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Object Lives and Global Histories in Northern North America: Material Culture in Motion, c. 1780–1980 Dress Pub Date : 2022-06-06 Karen Duffek
(2022). Object Lives and Global Histories in Northern North America: Material Culture in Motion, c. 1780–1980. Dress. Ahead of Print.
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The role of design capability for achieving innovation in a technology follower company: The case of boiler design The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-06 Bilgen Tuncer Manzakoğlu
Abstract Design capability has been accepted as a core innovation activity. It refers to the ‘functionality/usability’ and ‘aesthetics’ of new products or services. Oslo Manual 2018 explored design capability within the context of three significant fields—industrial design, engineering design, design thinking—each of which is affected by the need to integrate design with business. Using this context
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Architectural design research: Drivers of practice The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-06-06 Ayşe Zeynep Aydemir, Sam Jacoby
Abstract Research, professional practice, and learning in architecture are becoming increasingly integrated as the understanding of research and practice is transforming and research assessment criteria are expanding. This changing research landscape has created more diverse iterative and cyclical design research processes and opened new areas of exploration and experimentation in architecture. Building
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Life Below Water: How Can Creative Practice Nurture Personal Agency and Global Citizenship in Primary Education? The International Journal of Art & Design Education (IF 0.434) Pub Date : 2022-06-03 Robert Pulley
‘Life Below Water’ aims to establish how creative practice can provide an effective way to nurture self-efficacy and self-regulation in primary education. A constructionist approach was developed to help children explore UN Global Goal 14, through drawing, prototyping and storytelling as collaborative activities. Working in duets and quartets, a group of eight Key Stage 2 children were set the task
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From Hybrid Spaces to In-between Spaces: A Journey with Contemporary Art and Situated Knowledge The International Journal of Art & Design Education (IF 0.434) Pub Date : 2022-06-02 Glòria Jové, Daniel Gutiérrez-Ujaque, Quim Bonastra, Meritxell Simón-Martín
Theoretical knowledge taught in the classroom forms the bulk of lectures in Initial Teacher Training today. Persuaded that knowledge constructed in the community ought to permeate Teacher Training, Zeichner has developed the notion of Hybrid Space – a space for reflection, training and educational improvement where the background of academic/professional knowledge merges to create new learning opportunities
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Supervising Art and Design Students Who Integrate Mental Health Experiences with Autobiographical Research The International Journal of Art & Design Education (IF 0.434) Pub Date : 2022-06-01 Welby Ings
This article discusses some implications of working supportively with art and design students who manage mental health conditions in a postgraduate environment in a New Zealand University. The paper begins with a discussion of contesting research that considers relationships between highly creative thinkers and certain mental health conditions. It then proposes that, irrespective of arguments around
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Synchronizing multi-perspectival data of children’s digital play at home Digital Creativity Pub Date : 2022-06-02 Jane Mavoa, Bjørn Nansen, Marcus Carter, Martin Gibbs
ABSTRACT Studying digitally mediated play presents challenges in terms of how to view and record both the on-screen action and player’s bodies in physical space. Carrying out this research in a socially and technologically diverse range of family households poses further challenges, common to ethnographic media research in general. In this paper, we describe a method for generating richly detailed
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Effects of continuous and discontinuous non-relevant stimulus on creativity Digital Creativity Pub Date : 2022-06-02 Charles Mille, Olivier Christmann, Sylvain Fleury, Simon Richir
ABSTRACT Innovation is made of different tasks from strategic positioning to the first phases of production. One of the main activities is the generation of ideas through different creativity phases. These creativity activities are carried out in numerous conditions and with different tools having more or less context and interactions. This study focuses on the influence of different non-relevant stimuli
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What Can Possibly Go Wrong? Three Examples of Recurrent Deficiencies in the Teaching of Architectural Design The International Journal of Art & Design Education (IF 0.434) Pub Date : 2022-05-29 Jan Silberberger
Based on an ethnographic study on studio teaching at five leading European architecture schools, the paper at hand identifies three repeatedly occurring deficiencies (as well as one related problem) in the teaching of architectural design. Drawing on empirical data, the paper describes how ‘epistemic positions’ are shifted without reflection, that serious efforts at translating tacit into propositional
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The Iconic Jersey: Baseball X Fashion Dress Pub Date : 2022-05-27 Andrea Melvin
(2022). The Iconic Jersey: Baseball X Fashion. Dress. Ahead of Print.
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Exploring visual representations by the UNHCR of the experiences of resettled Syrian refugees in Canada Visual Studies Pub Date : 2022-05-27 Charlotte Dahin
In the growing literature on the visual representations of refugees used by international organisations, only a few studies have examined the representations used specifically to portray the experiences of resettled refugees in the global North. This study’s objective is to address that gap by analysing the use of specific images by UNHCR Canada to illustrate the resettlement of Syrian refugees in
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Random walks through poetry Digital Creativity Pub Date : 2022-05-22 Jeanne Devautour Choi, Samuel Boury
ABSTRACT The contact zone between algorithms and creative writing has become an increasingly fertile ground for literary experimentation in the last decades, with more accessible digital technologies broadening the scope of potential artistic productions and allowing the exploration of new forms of creativity. Inspired by the playful collaboration between arts and sciences embodied by the experimental
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The possibilities of illness narratives in virtual reality for bodies at the margins Digital Creativity Pub Date : 2022-05-22 Megan Perram, Astrid Ensslin
ABSTRACT Through decades of scholarly analysis and application, the practice of illness narratives has been established as an effective therapeutic intervention for dealing with illness-related emotional well-being (Couser; Frank; Irvine and Charon). Scholars of illness narratives argue that the medium works to bring agency back to the body following the neoliberal relinquishing of one’s life story
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Susana Distancia: memes and popular culture during the COVID-19 pandemic Visual Studies Pub Date : 2022-05-20 Anna Lee Mraz Bartra, Eloy Caloca-Lafont, Paola Ricaurte, Eduardo Paz, Nelly Marina Elizalde, Mariel Zasso, Luis Angel Escobar Loera
Between the end of March and June 2020, COVID-19 quickly spread in Mexico. As a response, the Mexican government announced its national prevention campaign, called ‘Susana Distancia,’ a set of measures, recommendations, conferences, educational resources, and a chatbot. At the centre of the campaign was Susana Distancia’s character, a young woman designed in a comic-book-style, echoing the Mexican
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Fat Fashion: The Thin Ideal and the Segregation of Plus-Size Bodies Dress Pub Date : 2022-05-19 Carmen N. Keist
(2022). Fat Fashion: The Thin Ideal and the Segregation of Plus-Size Bodies. Dress. Ahead of Print.
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The Dressmakers of Auschwitz: The True Story of the Women Who Sewed to Survive Dress Pub Date : 2022-05-19 Laura L. Camerlengo
(2022). The Dressmakers of Auschwitz: The True Story of the Women Who Sewed to Survive. Dress. Ahead of Print.
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Welcome to Vol. 48, No. 1 Dress Pub Date : 2022-05-18 Tina Bates
(2022). Welcome to Vol. 48, No. 1. Dress: Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. i-ii.
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In Memoriam Dress Pub Date : 2022-05-18 Inez Brooks-Myers
(2022). In Memoriam. Dress: Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 95-96.
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Nurturing a stronger sense of community for global design research The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-05-17 Louise Valentine
(2022). Nurturing a stronger sense of community for global design research. The Design Journal: Vol. 25, No. 3, pp. 295-298.
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Short videos as affective contagion: (Un)locked WeChat chatlogs on viral videos Visual Studies Pub Date : 2022-05-17 Ge Zhang
This visual essay is a documentation of a series of morbid short videos circulating in local Wuhan chat groups at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, attached with video screenshots and adjacent chatlogs. The data was collected during the author's home quarantine in Wuhan in early 2020. This visual essay aims at viscerally exhibiting the circulation of emotions ranging from anxiety to boredom to
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Understanding the Design Personalization of Fashion Products Using Computational Design Methods: Practical Insights into Consumer Perceptions Fashion Practice Pub Date : 2022-05-13 Eun Kyoung Yang, Jee Hyun Lee
Abstract This paper explores user perceptions of the design personalization of fashion products using a computational design method from the designer’s point of view. As for the research methodology, ten participants were asked to design textile patterns for their own fashion clutch bags by using a design personalization tool developed using Generative Design Methods (GDM), one of the computational
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Museum education for pre-service teachers in an online environment: Challenges and potentials The International Journal of Art & Design Education (IF 0.434) Pub Date : 2022-05-11 Victoria Pavlou
It was widely expected that the academic year 2020-2021 would be a different experience for all involved in educational processes. Everybody had to read just and reimagine their practice in order to respond to the new reality of teaching university courses online due to the COVID-19 pandemic. This article focuses on the challenges and opportunities that were created because of the pandemic for experiential
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Visualising gendered space and informality: a photo essay Visual Studies Pub Date : 2022-05-12 Lutfun Nahar Lata
In this visual essay, I engage with the use of public and parochial realms by male and female vendors in Dhaka, Bangladesh. Using data from a qualitative case study in Sattola slum and its surrounding public spaces in Dhaka, Bangladesh, this visual essay examines the ways in which male and female vendors use of space varies due to the gendered nature of space. The findings suggest that female vendors
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Spaces in between: using the Zwischenraum to explore the archiving practices of young expats in Berlin Visual Studies Pub Date : 2022-05-10 Emilia Croce
This article draws on Warburg's Zwischenraum to explore the archiving practices of young expats living in short-term accommodations in Berlin. The image of the Zwischenraum is employed as a visual tool to juxtapose the gaps created by Berlin's characteristic missing houses with the blank spaces between pictures within photographic albums. Furthermore, the Zwischenraum is used as theoretical instrument
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More than Just Appearance: Management of Clothing-Related Odor in Everyday Life Fashion Practice Pub Date : 2022-05-10 Rachel H. McQueen, Jennifer E. Kowton, Lauren M. Degenstein
Abstract Framed within Entwistle’s perspective of dress as “situated bodily practice” and olfactory impression management, we explored the topic of odor in clothing. A series of eight focus group interviews were used to explore the types of odors that can adhere to clothing, commonalities among clothing or textile properties that accentuate odor, and odor management practices to control, reduce or
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Creativity and the Trauma of COVID-19: How do Foundation Level Art and Design Students Navigate a Liminal Journey during a Pandemic? The International Journal of Art & Design Education (IF 0.434) Pub Date : 2022-05-08 Elaine Robertson, Judy Thomas, Mark Bailey
This article explores the impact of COVID-19 on the physical learning spaces of art and design students to consider how this has informed and influenced the creative process, emotional resilience and engagement with learning during this difficult year of restrictions. More specifically, it draws on the experiences of students in a Foundation Art and Design programme in a Further Education college in
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Portfolio Literacy and the Transition to Work for Graphic Design Graduates The International Journal of Art & Design Education (IF 0.434) Pub Date : 2022-05-07 Carolyn Barnes, Nicole Wragg, Emma Fisher, Shivani Tyagi, Alison de Kruiff
The graphic design industry has moved beyond its traditional focus on printed matter to deliver multidimensional communication projects involving diverse audiences and media channels. No longer a skills and service industry, graphic design increasingly informs business strategy and innovation processes, requiring heterogeneous expertise, a rigorous design process and the ability to work in multidisciplinary
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Imaginary ethics: The morality of fictional aesthetics in speculative design The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-05-09 Li Zhang
Abstract To effectively examine the underlying premises of emerging technology has become a major challenge to today’s design ethics. An adequate and prefigurative response to these situations requires a shift towards a fictional aesthetics that calls for co-imagination. Speculative design that sharing a similar ethical mechanism with Jacques Rancière’s aesthetic politics is worthy of attention since
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Fathers with their Children at an Art Exhibition: A Narrative Study The International Journal of Art & Design Education (IF 0.434) Pub Date : 2022-04-28 Dilek Acer, Tuğba Baş, Nergiz Teke
The aim of this study was to examine the early childhood experiences of children visiting an art exhibition with their fathers and creating their own artwork. It was designed and conducted as a narrative study, which is a qualitative research methodology. Five children in early childhood (48–88 months old) and their fathers participated in the research carried out in a Contemporary Arts Centre in Ankara
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Designerly ways of speaking: Unpacking the discourse of Design Thinking The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-28 Aysar Ghassan
Abstract Creating knowledge allows research communities to claim intellectual territory. Knowledge created by communities is not wholly evidence based; it is skewed, allowing them to claim territory. Existing research suggests that skewed knowledge helps the Design Thinking research community to construct a contentious dichotomy between Design Thinking and scientific thinking. There remains a significant
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Dandy Style: 250 Years of British Men’s Fashion Dress Pub Date : 2022-04-26 Chloe Chapin
(2022). Dandy Style: 250 Years of British Men’s Fashion. Dress: Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 111-113.
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A systematic review of virtual brainstorming from the perspective of creativity: affordances, framework, and outlook Digital Creativity Pub Date : 2022-04-21 Zhengya Gong, Lik-Hang Lee, Sohail Ahmed Soomro, Vijayakumar Nanjappan, Georgi V. Georgiev
ABSTRACT This study explores virtual reality (VR) as an emerging tool integrated into brainstorming activities to enhance creativity, and systematically reviews existing studies to provide an advanced literature review on this subject. Moreover, we propose a framework for enhancing creativity in virtual brainstorming (VB) based on the 4Ps (person, process, product, and press) of creativity, which provides
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Thinking with Sarah Kaufman’s Devil’s Pool Visual Studies Pub Date : 2022-04-21 Brian F. O’Neill
(2022). Thinking with Sarah Kaufman’s Devil’s Pool. Visual Studies. Ahead of Print.
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All things bio: A conceptual domain-based approach to mapping practice within the landscape of biologically informed disciplines The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-22 Veronika Kapsali
Abstract The research presented in this article tackles the problem of terminological disharmony within biologically informed disciplines (BID). Lexical semantic theories and methods are applied to corpus-based investigations to assess the scope of BID terminology. The results are analysed using statistical and qualitative methods and mapped against known academic domains. The resulting map is evaluated
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Call for papers Digital Creativity Pub Date : 2022-04-21 Yana Boeva, Vernelle A. A. Noel
(2022). Call for papers. Digital Creativity: Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 77-78.
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Masks and emotional distance: a visual study of human relationships in the Covid-19 pandemic Visual Studies Pub Date : 2022-04-21 Pablo Navazo-Ostúa, Francisco Pérez valencia
This study addresses the social impact of the pandemic in terms of its effects on communication and emotion in spaces of everyday domestic activity. The aim is to visually and formally portray the personal, professional and citizen reality in the daily use of face masks. The analysis includes the adoption, advocacy or resistance to them, through various representative characters of different, referential
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Home office: the places where we worked - a directive sent out to friends, friends-of-friends, and colleagues - March/April 2020 Visual Studies Pub Date : 2022-04-21 Tim Hossler
“Home Office: The Places Where We Worked” is a directive based photo project that asked participants to take photographs of their work places during the early months of the COVID pandemic of 2020.
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A proposal of virtual museum metaverse content for the MZ generation Digital Creativity Pub Date : 2022-04-19 Hyun-Kyung Lee, Soobin Park, Yeonji Lee
ABSTRACT This paper presents a marketing study of the metaverse's potential audience, particularly focusing on museums' use of cyberspace and how some of their physical functions can be replicated online. Among digital transformations, the metaverse has become one of the most significant alternatives to offline events, with museum exhibitions highly representative of it. However, existing virtual museums
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Ravishing: The Rose in Fashion Dress Pub Date : 2022-04-19 Harper Franklin
(2022). Ravishing: The Rose in Fashion. Dress: Vol. 48, No. 1, pp. 101-105.
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Gestural interaction in the kitchen: Insights into designing an interactive display controlled by hand specific on-skin gestures The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-14 Ceylan Beşevli, Hüseyin Uğur Genç, Aykut Coşkun, Tilbe Göksun, Yücel Yemez, Oğuzhan Özcan
Abstract The kitchen is one of the busiest and messiest hubs of a home, where the hands are usually spoiled with food. In this setting, gestural interaction can offer several advantages: efficient, intuitive, and touch-free orchestration of interactive devices. Yet, research scarcely investigates the user's perspective on gesture-based systems in the kitchen and lacks designs developed through a user-centred
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Transdisciplinary learning in a design collaboration The Design Journal Pub Date : 2022-04-13 Leigh-Anne Hepburn
Abstract The complex challenges facing society often have competing social, political, ecological and economic drivers. Responding requires us to transcend disciplinary boundaries, co-creating knowledge. Design is increasingly positioned to enable this, informing and influencing change through engaged practice. However, while the intended outcome of design is often a redesigned service, artefact or
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Reconfiguring spaces in FARC’s demobilisation camps: the cases of Tierra Grata and Pondores, Colombia Visual Studies Pub Date : 2022-04-13 José Fernando Sánchez Salcedo, Bernt Schnettler
After more than 50 years of civil war, the lack of a clear itinerary, unanticipated crises, and contingencies are seriously affecting the termination of the longest-lasting internal war in Latin America. The 2016 Peace Agreement signed between former guerrilla group Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia–Ejército del Pueblo (FARC-EP) and the Colombian Government established the ex-combatants’