Researchers and practitioners have extensively utilized supervised Deep Learning methods to quantify floating litter in rivers and canals. These methods require the availability of large amount of labeled data for training. The labeling work is expensive and laborious, resulting in small open datasets available in the field compared to the comprehensive datasets for computer vision, e.g., ImageNet

Recently, great efforts have been made to advance the pilot-scale and engineering-scale applications of Fenton-like processes using various nano-metal catalysts (including nanosized metal-based catalysts, smaller nanocluster catalysts, and single-atom catalysts, etc.). This step is essential to facilitate the practical applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for these highly active nano-metal

Due to the strong pathogenicity of hypervirulent (hvKP), its performance against disinfectants in water should be understood to protect public health and ecological environment. Unfortunately, the disinfectant tolerance of hvKP with a hypermucoviscosity (HMV) phenotype is a critical underexplored area. Here, the tolerance of isolates to common disinfectants was evaluated, and its underlying mechanisms

Structural extracellular polymeric substances (SEPS) as valuable biopolymers, can be extracted from waste activated sludge (WAS). However, the extraction yield is typically low, and detailed information on SEPS characterizations, as well as proper treatment of the sludge after SEPS extraction, remains limited. This study aimed to optimize the conditions of heating-NaCO extraction process to increase

Rapid urbanization brought lots of serious environmental contamination, including the accumulation of heavy metals, acid rain, and the emission of tire wear particles (TWPs), with detrimental effects for terrestrial ecosystems. Nevertheless, how naturally aged TWPs affect the mobilization of heavy metals in soils under acid rain is still unclear. Here, we investigate the adsorption and transport mechanisms

The occurrence and risk of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl--phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD-Q), derived from the oxidation of the tire antidegradant 6PPD, has raised significant concern since it was found to cause acute mortality in coho salmon when exposed to urban runoff. Given the short half-life period and low solubility of 6PPD-Q, reliable in situ measurement techniques are required to accurately

In mining regions, flotation reagents can interact with heavy metals, thereby increasing the complexity of their migration. However, most current studies solely focus on the migration of heavy metals, neglecting the influence of flotation reagents in their models concerning mining area pollution. This study developed the reactive transport model, Multisurface Speciation Model (MSM), which integrated

Frequent occurrence of trace antibiotics in reclaimed water is concerning, which inevitably causes aquifer contamination in the case of managed aquifer recharge (MAR). Global governments have formulated strict reclaimed water standards to ensure the safety of water reuse. Recent studies have found that improved antibiotics removal is intimately associated with high ammonia-oxidizing activity. However

Selective lithium (Li) recovery from unconventional water sources (UWS) (e.g., shale gas waters, geothermal brines, and rejected seawater desalination brines) using inorganic lithium-ion sieve (LIS) materials can address Li supply shortages and distribution issues. However, the development of high-performance LIS materials and the optimization of recovery-related operating parameters are hampered by

Urban composite non-point source (UCNPS) has an increasing degree of influence on the urban receiving waters. However, there remains a dearth of precise techniques to characterize and evaluate the contribution of UCNPS. Therefore, this study developed a source analytical methodology system based fluorescence excitation-emission matrices spectroscopy (EEMs) and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance

Given the frequent association between freshwater plankton and water quality degradation, several predictive models have been devised to understand and estimate their dynamics. However, the significance of biotic and abiotic interactions has been overlooked. In this study, we aimed to address the importance of the interaction term in predicting plankton community dynamics by applying graph convolution

The iron redox cycle can enhance anammox in treating low-strength ammonia wastewater. However, maintaining an effective iron redox cycle and suppressing nitrite-oxidizing bacteria in a one-stage partial nitritation and anammox (PN/A) process poses challenges during long-term aeration. We proposed a novel and simple strategy to achieve an efficient iron redox cycle in an iron-mediated anoxic-microaerobic

Chemical moderate preoxidation for algae-laden water is an economical and prospective strategy for controlling algae and exogenous pollutants, whereas it is constrained by a lack of effective on-line evaluation and quick-response feedback method. Herein, excitation-emission matrix parallel factor analysis (EEM-PARAFAC) was used to identify cyanobacteria fluorophores after preoxidation of sodium hypochlorite

Time-varying parameters of hydrological models play a crucial role in capturing the dynamic nature of hydrological processes and nonpoint source pollution under changing environments. In this study, the SWAT-DynamicParam model was developed by integrating the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model with an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) to identify and analyze time-varying parameters. The results

Current multi-objective optimization methods, traditionally rooted in static models, often neglect uncertainties and environmental interactions such as forecast accuracy and reservoir conditions. This study introduces a novel multi-objective operational optimization model aimed at dynamically controlling reservoir water levels in evolving flood season environments. The proposed model conducts a comprehensive

The understanding of mixing-controlled reactive dynamics in heterogeneous porous media remains limited, presenting significant challenges for modeling subsurface contaminant transport processes and for designing cost-effective environmental remedial efforts. The complexity of accurately observing, measuring, and modeling mixing-limited reactive transport has led to inadequate exploration of these critical

The presence of antibiotics in wastewater poses significant threat to our ecosystems and health. Traditional biological wastewater treatment technologies have several limitations in treating antibiotic-contaminated wastewaters, such as low removal efficiency and poor process resilience. Here, a novel electrochemical-coupled sulfur-mediated biological system was developed for treating wastewater co-contaminated

A new aeration device based on Bernoulli's principle, Jetventrumixer (JVM), was introduced into an aeration tank in denitrification process, which involved an automatic split injection system (ASIS) into two denitrification tanks every 10 minutes. Real-time monitoring of influent water allowed the calculation of the C/N ratio, enhancing the utilization efficiency of internal carbon sources while reducing

Dewatering is an indispensable link in sludge treatment, but its effect on the microplastics (MPs) remains inadequately understood. This study investigated the physicochemical changes and leaching behavior of MPs during the mechanical dewatering of sludge, as well as the impact of MP leachates on activated sludge (AS). After sludge dewatering, MPs exhibit rougher surfaces, decreased sizes and altered

Microbial amino acid composition (AA) reflects adaptive strategies of cellular and molecular regulations such as a high proportion of acidic AAs, including glutamic and aspartic acids in alkaliphiles. It remains understudied how microbial AA content is linked to their pH adaptation especially in natural environments. Here we examined prokaryotic communities and their AA composition of genes with metagenomics

The solid pore characteristics are commonly considered as the important influential factors on waste-activated sludge (WAS) dewaterability, and should be related to the cohesive force of bio-flocs dominated by cation-organic interactions at solid-water interface. This study aimed to establish an approach for regulating the solid pore structure of WAS by cationic regulation. The influential mechanism

Nitrogen compounds in current seawater treatment processes typically are converted to nitrate, threatening seawater quality and marine ecology. Electrochemical denitrification is a promising technique, but its efficiency is severely limited by the presence of excess chloride ions. In this work, a flow-through cell went through an on-demand chlorine-mediated electrochemical-chemical tandem reaction

Due to the high moisture, strong hydrophilicity, and hard compressibility of sewage sludge (SS), it is difficult to realize the high-efficiency drying. Herein, a novel SS drying technology was developed to quickly and deeply reduce the moisture of SS from 75.6% to 38.5% in 1 h. During the process, secondary aluminum ash (SAA), a solid waste, was added to SS and acted as skeletons to form plenty of

Land use change can significantly affect soil hydrology in arid and semi-arid regions, making it crucial to understand the relationship between vegetation roots and soil moisture. Current models often fail to predict root growth and its impacts on water dynamics accurately. Our work presents a novel model that seamlessly integrates the Community Land Model (CLM) with the Soil & Water Assessment Tool

Water distribution systems (WDS) and power grids (PG) are critical infrastructure systems that are vital to all human activity. As such, their quality of service is of great importance for economic, environmental, and human welfare reasons. Although traditionally being analyzed separately, the two systems are interconnected and can mutually affect one another. In order to utilize the potential benefits

Coastal aquifers, the transition zone between freshwater and saltwater, show large salinity contrasts in the subsurface. Salinity is a key parameter to understand coastal groundwater flow dynamics and consequently also geochemical and microbial processes. For mapping porewater salinity, a variety of methods exists, mainly using electrical conductivity as a proxy. We investigate methods including h

Dam-break waves are a major concern for communities and infrastructures in flood-prone areas. The impact of dam-break waves against rigid obstacles after propagation on a mobile bed is lacking both in experimental datasets and in numerical investigations aimed at assessing the capabilities and limitations of available morphodynamic models. To fill these gaps, a novel data set from experiments of dam-break

Benzothiazoles (BTHs), benzotriazoles (BTRs), and benzotriazole ultraviolet absorbers (BUVs) have garnered significant attention owing to their persistent nature in the environment and adverse impacts on aquatic organisms. However, there remains a dearth of investigations and studies conducted in tropical marine environments. In this study, we undertook the inaugural distributional survey and ecotoxicological

Ambient operation and large-scale demonstration have limited the implementation and evaluation of anaerobic membrane bioreactors (AnMBRs) for low-strength wastewater treatment. Here, we studied these issues at an AnMBR demo plant that treats domestic wastewater and food waste together at ambient temperatures (7–28 °C). At varied hydraulic retention times (HRTs, 8–42 h), the AnMBR achieved a COD removal

Soil amendments facilitate the restoration of degraded soil fertility and vegetation productivity. Soil hydrological functions are crucial for assessing soil degradation and restoration in grassland ecosystems. However, the manner in which soil amendments drive changes in the hydrological properties of grassland ecosystems at different soil depths remains unclear. In this study, we conducted a five-year

Global warming is expected to lead to a continuous increase in extreme precipitation. However, the response of extreme precipitation to climate change remains not entirely clear. This study quantitatively analyzes extreme precipitation in multiple river basins of China over the past nearly 60 years using high spatial resolution data. Both extreme precipitation and mean precipitation exhibit a spatial

The flow patterns within a longitudinal gap area formed by discontinuous distributions of submerged canopy, as well as the momentum and mass exchange characteristics between the gap area and the overlying free-flow, were studied using high-resolution Large Eddy Simulation (LES). The gap area is located within the fully developed region of submerged canopy flow. The simulations considered four aspect

Sediment fingerprinting is a commonly applied approach to quantify catchment suspended sediment (SS) source contributions. However, due to the high workloads and costs involved in SS sampling and laboratory analyses, traditional procedures often result in a limited number of samples and sampling campaigns, which can hamper the capacity to capture the intra- and inter-storm variations in SS source activation

Land evapotranspiration (ET) primarily involves vegetation transpiration, canopy interception loss, and soil evaporation. Previous studies have made significant progress in total ET estimation; however, substantial challenges remain in partitioning ET on a regional scale, largely due to the intricate water and energy balance that is disrupted by vegetation cover changes. The accuracy of land surface

The increasing threats of flash floods and water scarcity in semi-arid regions necessitate high-quality streamflow forecasting with process-based or data-driven models. However, temporal heterogeneity of hydrological patterns and infrequent flood events present challenges for accurate streamflow forecasting. To address this issue, we purpose an effective modeling approach that combines a novel data

Hydrological models stand as a pivotal instrument for runoff simulation, while encountering notable uncertainties in output due to intricate terrain conditions and limited ground-based observations, especially in high-elevation basins. Leveraging satellite-based images presents a promising avenue for deciphering the hydrological model’s state variables. In pursuit of refining runoff simulation, this

Arsenic (As) contamination of groundwater is a major issue in global environmental health. In the riparian zone, mixing river water and groundwater with different substances is proposed to affect arsenic transformation and distribution. However, the distribution of arsenic species in the riparian zone and its co-transformation with iron under varying river water proportions and bicarbonate (HCO) concentrations

Microbial chain elongation integrating innovative bioconversion technologies with organic waste utilization can transition current energy-intensive n-caproic acid production to sustainable circular bioeconomy systems. However, ammonia-rich waste streams, despite their suitability, pose inhibitory challenges to these bioconversion processes. Herein, biochar was employed as an additive to enhance the

Highly hydrophilic extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) with gel-like structure seriously plagues the development of sludge deep dewatering. Oxysulfur radicals-based oxidation driven by iron-bearing mineral proposes a promising strategy for effective EPS decomposition. However, the transformation and involved interaction mechanisms of aromatic proteins are still controversial due to the complex

Given the significance of HCO for autotrophic anammox bacteria (AnAOB), excessive HCO was always provided in anammox-related systems and engineering applications. However, its impact mechanism on anammox process at genome-level remains unknown. This study firstly established an anammox-centered coupling system that entails heterotrophic partial denitrification (PD) and hydrolytic acidification (A-PDHA)

Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) combined with the N blow-down method is a promising tool for bioanalysis of drinking water. However, detailed information on which disinfection byproduct (DBP) classes are retained in LLE extracts is currently unavailable. In this study, the recovery of seven classes of volatile DBPs and total adsorbable organic halogens (TOX) during the LLE method, combined with three

Faecal contamination of freshwater and marine environments represents a significant risk for public health, recreational activity and food safety, and tools for evaluating complex multi-source contamination remain largely in the development phase. We evaluated the efficacy of the Fast Expectation Maximization (FEAST) microbial source tracking (MST) algorithm to apportion sources of faecal contamination

Semipermeable membrane effect is an important factor affecting the contaminant transport behavior through the bentonite-based barriers for waste containment. However, this effect has been ignored in majority of the existing analytical and numerical studies on contaminant transport, although it has been widely demonstrated in laboratory and field tests. Taking into account the semipermeable membrane

As a key driver of global climate variability, El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) significantly impacts the regional hydrological cycle. Similar to the recognized ENSO monitoring index (i.e., sea surface temperature anomaly), a potential advancement in the usage of sea level anomaly (SLA) in the equatorial Pacific is expected to enhance our knowledge of ENSO and its influence on regional terrestrial

In grasslands around the world, climate change is occurring in tandem with woody encroachment (the spread of woody vegetation in grass-dominated ecosystems). State transitions from grassland to shrub/woodland have been identified aboveground via changes in species cover and composition, but the hydrological impact of these transitions is not well understood. Shifts from grass- to woody-dominance have

Due to the sensitivity of runoff to changes in seasonal snowpack, the changes in surface runoff within high-latitude and high-elevation areas are more complex than in other areas. However, this sensitivity is often overlooked when correlating changes in runoff with meteorological variables. Here, we analyze changes in surface runoff during snowmelt and snowless periods and their sensitivity to climate

The spatio-temporal evolution and propagation of flood and drought events are important in predicting their occurrences. This study attempted to investigate into the spatial propagation characteristics of hydrological droughts and their dynamics by identifying the spatial propagation probability (PP) and propagation time (PT) of different drought levels in the Yellow River Basin (YRB), China, based

Groundwater contains significant quantities of dissolved CO, which are crucial contributors to the global carbon cycle. Dissolved organic matter (DOM) functions as a principal carbon and energy source for microbial communities within groundwater ecosystems, yet the relationship between dissolved CO and optical characteristics of DOM remains ambiguous. Here, we delineate the variations in seasonal and

Understanding the spatial and temporal distribution and driving factors of the nutritional status in the backwater area of typical tributaries in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region (TGRR) is important for the prevention and control measures. In this study, the Environmental Fluid Dynamics Code (EFDC) was used to extend in situ monitoring data, followed by the application of hydrogen and oxygen isotope

Southern China is in the only humid zone at its latitudes of Northern Hemisphere and has the most extensive karst landscapes. Although the region experienced significant greening, the fragile karst geological setting and reduced precipitation may affect the greening efforts. Here we analyze the sensitivity of vegetation to precipitation between karst and non-karst areas in the region. We find that

Coastal fresh groundwaters face growing threats from rising withdrawals and climate change, with salinization of surface and groundwater as notable impacts. Recent developments in parallel variable-density modelling enable studying these threats at unexplored resolutions and extents. To improve the understanding of ground- and surface water salinization processes, we designed an experiment to measure

The cut-off wall is an effective countermeasure to prevent contaminant transport from a contaminated site. However, the aquitard beneath the cut-off wall may serve as a preferential path, leading to an earlier breakthrough of contaminants in the cut-off wall system. In this study, we present a 2-D analytical model for characterizing the contaminant transport in the cut-off wall and aquitard system

Climate change-induced higher water temperature is increasing the risk of algal blooms (ABs) in eutrophic water bodies. However, it is not well known how and to what extent warming affects ABs risk. In this work, with simple data input (satellite product, lake surface observation, and climate) and method structure (ensemble learning, statistical downscaling, and hierarchical clustering), a systematic