Effective disinfection is essential for maintaining water quality standards in distribution networks. Chlorination, as the most used technique, ensures safe water by maintaining sufficient chlorine residuals but also leads to the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs). These DBPs pose health risks, highlighting the need for chlorine injection control (CIC) by booster stations to balance safety

The concept of incorporating foam fractionation in aerated bioreactors at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) for the removal of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) has recently been proposed. The extent of PFAS enrichment in aerated bioreactors’ foams, as indicated by enrichment factors (EFs), has been observed to vary widely. Laboratory evidence has shown that factors affecting PFAS enrichment

Nitrous oxide (NO) is atmospheric trace gas that contributes to climate change and affects stratospheric and ground-level ozone concentrations. Ammonia oxidizers and denitrifiers contribute to NO emissions in estuarine waters. However, as an important climate factor, how temperature regulates microbial NO production in estuarine water remains unclear. Here, we have employed stable isotope labeling

The presence of pathogenic fungal biofilms in drinking water distribution systems poses significant challenges in maintaining the safety of drinking water. This research delved into the formation of () biofilms and evaluated their susceptibility to inactivation using combinations of ultraviolet light emitting diodes (UV-LEDs) with chlorine-based disinfectants, including UV-LEDs/chlorine (Cl), UV-LEDs/chlorine

There is a lack of quantitative methodology for the sustainability assessment based on field data in the process of innovative technology development for groundwater remediation. This study developed a quantitative assessment framework, a model based on the life cycle assessment integrated with best management practices (LCA-BMPs), to evaluate the environmental, economic, and social sustainability

In response to the escalating global water scarcity and the high energy consumption associated with traditional wastewater treatment plants, there is a growing demand for transformative wastewater treatment processes that promise greater efficiency and sustainability. This study presents an innovative approach for municipal wastewater treatment that integrates high-rate activated sludge with membrane

Aniline accelerators and antioxidants (AAs) are high-production-volume industrial additives that have recently attracted emerging concern given their ubiquity in environmental compartments and the associated (eco)toxic effects. Nonetheless, available information on the multi-media behavior of AAs and their transformation products (TPs) remains scarce. Therefore, we determined the residues of twenty-four

The economical and efficient removal of nickel nitrate from industrial wastewater remains a challenge. Herein, we developed an innovative electrochemical membrane filtration system that used a periodic polarity reversal process to adjust the acid-base environment near membrane interface for the recovery of nickel (II) and ammonia. The Ru based electrocatalytic layer could boost the selective reduction

The impacts of climate change on Arctic marine systems are noticeable within the scientific “lifetime” of most researchers and the iconic image of a polar bear struggling to stay on top of a melting ice floe captures many of the dominant themes of Arctic marine ecosystem change. But has our focus on open‐ocean systems and parameters that are more easily modeled and sensed remotely neglected an element

As an electrochemical advanced oxidation process, the electro-Fenton (EF) process has gained significant importance in the treatment of wastewater and persistent organic pollutants in recent years. As recently reported in a bibliometric analysis, the number of scientific publications on EF have increased exponentially since 2002, reaching nearly 500 articles published in 2022 (Deng et al., 2022). The

It is a great challenge for effective treatment of shale gas produced water (SGPW), a typical industrial wastewater with complex composition. Single forward osmosis (FO) or membrane distillation (MD) process has been widely used for desalination of SGPW, with membrane fouling not well addressed. Fertilizer draw solution (DS) with high osmotic pressure is less likely to cause FO fouling and can be used

Anthropogenic enrichment of phosphorus (P) in water environment can cause eutrophication, harmful algal blooms, and water quality deterioration. Adsorbents are often used for the removal and recovery of P from water, however, P is highly susceptible to re-release in anoxic benthic environments. As a response, this study prepared oxygen-carrying iron-rich biochar (O-Fe-BC) as an effective oxygen micro-nanobubble

Storm water systems (SWSs) are essential infrastructure providing multiple services including environmental protection and flood prevention. Typically, utility companies rely on computer simulators to properly design, operate, and manage SWSs. However, multiple applications in SWSs are highly time-consuming. Researchers have resorted to cheaper-to-run models, i.e. metamodels, as alternatives of computationally

Microplastics are increasingly recognised as posing a significant environmental threat across systems. Their pervasive presence in freshwater poses a serious concern, given the heavy reliance of both humans and biodiversity on healthy, functioning freshwater ecosystems. Acknowledgment of the potential risks led the transboundary Orange-Senqu River Commission (ORASECOM) to include sampling for microlitter

Researchers and practitioners have extensively utilized supervised Deep Learning methods to quantify floating litter in rivers and canals. These methods require the availability of large amount of labeled data for training. The labeling work is expensive and laborious, resulting in small open datasets available in the field compared to the comprehensive datasets for computer vision, e.g., ImageNet

Simulating the transfer of mass between particles is not straightforwardly parallelized because it involves the calculation of the influence of many particles on each other. Engdahl et al. (2019) intuited that the number of matrix operations used for mass transfer grows quadratically with the number of particles, so that dividing the domain geometrically into sub-domains will give speed and memory

Coreflooding experiments are one of the primary methods for reservoir rock characterization and have been developing in recent years, providing increasing detail. An advanced analysis of coreflooding experiments consists of constructing three dimensional permeability () maps of the core sample with sub-core resolution. Such detailed characterizations provide important information on the core heterogeneity

Stricter nutrient discharge limits at wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are increasing the demand for external carbon sources for denitrification, especially at cold temperatures. Production of carbon sources at WWTP by fermentation of sewage sludge often results in low yields of soluble carbon and volatile fatty acids (VFA) and high biogas losses, limiting its feasibility for full-scale application

Severe droughts are increasingly prevalent under global climate change, disrupting watershed hydrology and coastal nitrogen cycling. However, the specific effects of drought on nitrogen transport from land to sea and subsequent nitrogen dynamics remain inadequately understood. In this study, we evaluated the consequences of the 2020–2022 drought on nitrogen supply and NO emissions in Xiamen Bay, Southeast

Fate and transport of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent discharged to rapid infiltration basins (RIBs) is investigated using data from 26 WWTPs in Michigan, USA. PFAS were found to accumulate in groundwater downgradient from RIBs with median groundwater-effluent enrichment factors for ten commonly detected, terminal-form perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs)

The utilization of periodate (PI, IO) in metal-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for the elimination of emerging contaminants (ECs) have garnered significant attention. However, the commonly used homogeneous metal catalyst Mn(II) performs inadequately in activating PI. Herein, we exploited a novel AOP technology by employing the complex of Mn(II) with the biodegradable picolinic acid (PICA)

Recently, great efforts have been made to advance the pilot-scale and engineering-scale applications of Fenton-like processes using various nano-metal catalysts (including nanosized metal-based catalysts, smaller nanocluster catalysts, and single-atom catalysts, etc.). This step is essential to facilitate the practical applications of advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) for these highly active nano-metal

Skillful and reliable sub-seasonal extreme precipitation forecasts are crucial for disaster prevention and mitigation. In this study, we introduce a hybrid statistical-dynamical framework to predict monthly maximum one-day precipitation (Rx1D) and monthly maximum five-day precipitation (Rx5D) over China from May to October. In the hybrid statistical-dynamical framework, the ECMWF forecasts of precipitation

Satellite-based precipitation products (SPPs), such as the NOAA Climate Prediction Center (CPC) Morphing technique (CMORPH), have greatly extended our ability to monitor global precipitation. However, their performance over complex terrain remains highly uncertain. To improve accuracy, CPC has recently upgraded its operational SPP to the second generation CMORPH–CMORPH2. In addition to such efforts

Nitrification, a process carried out by aerobic microorganisms that oxidizes ammonia to nitrate via nitrite, is an indispensable step in wastewater nitrogen removal. To facilitate energy and carbon savings, applying low dissolved oxygen (DO) is suggested to shortcut the conventional biological nitrogen removal pathway, however, the impact of low DO on nitrifying communities within activated sludge

Nanosized activated carbon (NAC) as emerging engineered nanomaterials may interact with nanoplastics prevalent in aquatic environments to affect their fate and transport. This study investigated the effects of particle property (charge and concentration), water chemistry [electrolytes, pH, humic acid (HA), and sodium alginate (SA)], and hydrodynamic condition [wave (i.e., sonication) and turbulence

Understanding and predicting the ecological status of urbanized rivers is crucial for their restoration and management. However, the complex and nonlinear nature of ecological responses poses a challenge to the development of predictive models. Here, the study investigated and predicted the status of eukaryotic plankton communities in urbanized rivers by coupling environmental DNA metabarcoding, the

Due to the strong pathogenicity of hypervirulent (hvKP), its performance against disinfectants in water should be understood to protect public health and ecological environment. Unfortunately, the disinfectant tolerance of hvKP with a hypermucoviscosity (HMV) phenotype is a critical underexplored area. Here, the tolerance of isolates to common disinfectants was evaluated, and its underlying mechanisms

Structural extracellular polymeric substances (SEPS) as valuable biopolymers, can be extracted from waste activated sludge (WAS). However, the extraction yield is typically low, and detailed information on SEPS characterizations, as well as proper treatment of the sludge after SEPS extraction, remains limited. This study aimed to optimize the conditions of heating-NaCO extraction process to increase

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) in deep geological aquifers has shown to be the most viable option for mitigating the greenhouse gas effect of carbon dioxide (CO) at a large scale. However, the underground formations often possess discontinuities in the caprocks, leaking the stored CO. Potential leakage paths, such as abandoned wells, have been growing due to excessively unplugged oil and gas exploration

Phosphorus recovery via vivianite extraction from digested sludge has recently gained considerable interest. The separation of vivianite was demonstrated earlier at the pilot scale, and operational parameters were optimized. In this study, we tested the robustness of this technology by changing the sludge characteristics, such as dry matter, and via that, sludge viscosity, and vivianite particle size

Biofilters are among the most popular nature-based systems for treating stormwater and delivering multiple environmental benefits. However, as a passive system, their performance tends to be inconsistent in removing emerging organic contaminants produced by anthropogenic activities that can be persistent, mobile, and toxic. Thus, in this study, real time control (RTC) of stormwater biofilters is introduced

Currently, tire wear particles (TWPs), a typical type of black microplastics (MPs), are frequently overlooked as the major source of MPs in aquatic environments. TWPs are widely distributed and exhibit complex environmental behaviors. However, how natural forces affect the aging and release behavior of TWPs at the nano(micro)scale remains inadequately explored. This study systematically investigated

Rapid urbanization brought lots of serious environmental contamination, including the accumulation of heavy metals, acid rain, and the emission of tire wear particles (TWPs), with detrimental effects for terrestrial ecosystems. Nevertheless, how naturally aged TWPs affect the mobilization of heavy metals in soils under acid rain is still unclear. Here, we investigate the adsorption and transport mechanisms

The occurrence and risk of N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl--phenylenediamine-quinone (6PPD-Q), derived from the oxidation of the tire antidegradant 6PPD, has raised significant concern since it was found to cause acute mortality in coho salmon when exposed to urban runoff. Given the short half-life period and low solubility of 6PPD-Q, reliable in situ measurement techniques are required to accurately

In mining regions, flotation reagents can interact with heavy metals, thereby increasing the complexity of their migration. However, most current studies solely focus on the migration of heavy metals, neglecting the influence of flotation reagents in their models concerning mining area pollution. This study developed the reactive transport model, Multisurface Speciation Model (MSM), which integrated

Frequent occurrence of trace antibiotics in reclaimed water is concerning, which inevitably causes aquifer contamination in the case of managed aquifer recharge (MAR). Global governments have formulated strict reclaimed water standards to ensure the safety of water reuse. Recent studies have found that improved antibiotics removal is intimately associated with high ammonia-oxidizing activity. However

Selective lithium (Li) recovery from unconventional water sources (UWS) (e.g., shale gas waters, geothermal brines, and rejected seawater desalination brines) using inorganic lithium-ion sieve (LIS) materials can address Li supply shortages and distribution issues. However, the development of high-performance LIS materials and the optimization of recovery-related operating parameters are hampered by

In the western US, most rangelands receive snowfall. Yet, a commonly used tool to assess rangeland’s vulnerability to erosion, the USDA’s Rangeland Hydrology and Erosion Model (RHEM) is run using long-term simulated climate inputs that assumes that all precipitation occurs as rainfall. This can be problematic for areas that receive heavy snowfall or substantial rain-on-snow events. In this research

This study explores the suitability of quasi-static pore-network modeling for simulating the transport of hydrogen in networks with box-shaped pores and square cylinder throats. The dynamic pore-network modeling results are compared with quasi-static pore-network modeling, and a good agreement is observed when the simulations reach steady-state, for a capillary number of . This finding suggests that

Bioelectrochemical system (BES) is a unique biotechnology for wastewater treatment and energy recovery, and extracellular electron transfer (EET) between microbe and electrode is the key to optimize the performance of BESs. Resazurin is an effective artificial compound that can promote EET in BESs, but the way how it transports electrons is not fully understood. In this study differential pulse voltammetry

Groundwater salinization is a prevalent issue in coastal regions, yet accurately predicting and understanding its causal factors remains challenging due to the complexity of the groundwater system. Therefore, this study predicted groundwater salinity in multi-layered aquifers spanning the entire Mekong Delta (MD) region using machine learning (ML) models based on an in situ dataset and using three

Urban composite non-point source (UCNPS) has an increasing degree of influence on the urban receiving waters. However, there remains a dearth of precise techniques to characterize and evaluate the contribution of UCNPS. Therefore, this study developed a source analytical methodology system based fluorescence excitation-emission matrices spectroscopy (EEMs) and Fourier-transform ion cyclotron resonance

Given the frequent association between freshwater plankton and water quality degradation, several predictive models have been devised to understand and estimate their dynamics. However, the significance of biotic and abiotic interactions has been overlooked. In this study, we aimed to address the importance of the interaction term in predicting plankton community dynamics by applying graph convolution

Terrestrial evaporation (ET) estimates from the water balance framework and large-scale modeling have been widely used in the evaluation and prediction of hydrological regimes. However, each method has its inherent limitations, including the external bias introduced by forcing variables, simplified functional relationships, and unconsidered human modules. A systematic comparison between water balance

Digital rock analysis has become increasingly crucial in earth sciences and geological engineering. However, the multiscale characteristics of rock pores often exceed the capabilities of single-resolution imaging, which is inadequate for a comprehensive description of their characteristics. To address this issue, we introduce a novel multiscale rock image fusion framework based on a generative adversarial

We study the abilities of pore network models of different complexities to determine the flow statistics and structural controls for single-phase flow in partially saturated porous media. The medium permeability and hydraulic tortuosity are the basic parameters for upscaling flow problems from the pore to the Darcy scale. They represent average flow properties. However, upscaling and predicting dispersion