Due to the high cost of constructing a hydrometric station, it is not possible to measure water level on all rivers. Therefore, the estimation of water flow of these rivers is one of the basic needs of water resources projects. In this research, various experimental methods presented to estimate the annual flood discharge in the basins, including the regression, Inglis and De’Souza and the Indian Department

The occurrence of contamination of emerging concerns (CECs) has turned into a significant challenge. In the present study, the elimination of Cefixime from the aquatic media was optimized. The ultrasonic method, combined through α-hematite nanoparticles, was studied using the response surface methodology (RSM). In this examination, various factors were evaluated to determine their impact, including

4-Nitrophenol (4-NP), a toxic and persistent pollutant in chemical wastewater, presents significant challenges in degradation and mineralization. Conventional ozone-oxidation catalysts are hindered by low efficiency, mass transfer constraints and metal leaching, necessitating the development of stable and efficient catalysts. Herein, the Bi-MOF/g-C3N4/MS composite materials were prepared by the solvothermal

Nowadays, renewable and clean energy sources, such as hydrogen, play a key role in the development of societies. Hydrogen can be stored in various ways, like the electrochemical approach. Hydrogen stands out as a promising clean-burning fuel for future energy systems. However, its relatively low volumetric energy density at ambient conditions has made it challenging to optimize its storage and use

The Muskingum model (MM) is widely used for flood routing due to its simplicity and low cost. In the Muskingum method, parameters are determined based on flood data measured by upstream and downstream hydrometric stations. During the next flood event, based on the hydrograph of the inflow to the river basin and the parameters of the Muskingum model of the previous flood, the hydrograph of the outflow

The growing adoption of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) technologies in the dental industry has led to increase production of zirconia waste powder (ZWP), generated during the milling process of dental prostheses. Efficient recycling and processing of ZWP are essential to recover valuable metals and mitigate environmental impacts. This study examines the separation

This study discusses numerically the gyrating flow of a hybrid nanofluid comprising carbon nanotube nanoparticles on a stretched sheet employing a porous medium. To create a hybrid nanofluid mixture, single-walled and multi-walled carbon nanotube nanoparticles are mixed with water. The sheet’s surface is subject to velocity slip and convective conditions. The effects of Joule heating, Brownian motion

Water is essential for life on Earth. Desalination may reduce water shortages by turning salty water into drinkable water. We study a solar desalination process that combines a humidifier and a dehumidifier. The present work measures solar HDH desalination distinctively using an air-pressurized humidifier. This humidification technique employs an air-pressurized humidifier to increase water droplet

Sustainable material selection is essential for minimizing environmental impact, resource depletion, and energy consumption in construction. We propose a hybrid fuzzy AHP-TOPSIS model to evaluate and rank four material alternatives based on nine sustainability criteria across three environmental, economic, and social dimensions. Fuzzy AHP determines criteria weights based on expert judgments, while

Globally, the contamination of aquatic systems and wastewater by dyes is highlighted as a critical concern for human beings. Therefore, it is necessary to construct novel heterostructure photocatalysts with broadened light absorption range and enhanced charge transfer rates. The primary objective of this research is to achieve the NiMnFeO4 phases through an auto-combustion route with exploring various

Lately, there has been considerable attention directed toward the development of a hydrogen storage cell power system that is both environmentally friendly and free from pollution. In the past decade, numerous notable advancements in methods of energy storage have emerged, influencing research, innovation, and the potential direction for enhancing our comprehension of energy storage. In the present

Herein, novel magnetic binary NiFe2O4/CeO2 nanocomposites were simultaneously prepared via simple sol–gel auto-combustion method serving as an efficient photocatalyst toward dye degradation under visible light illumination. Various gelation agents, including tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA), ammonia (NH3), ethylene diamine (EN), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH), were employed to evaluate their influence on

The increasing prevalence of environmental pollution has led to the development of photocatalysts as a viable approach for degrading synthetic and organic pollutants, such as dyes, in wastewater treatment. By using a controllable Pechini sol–gel technique, a visible light-responsive ZnCo2O4 nanophotocatalyst was fabricated for the degradation of methyl red and thymol blue as organic pollutants. A range

There's growing interest in using membrane technology to treat oily wastewater in industries. Nevertheless, membrane fouling is still a major challenge for removing oil particles from the wastewater. As reducing the membrane fouling requires material and surface science insights, in this work, a nanocomposite membrane was investigated for oily wastewater treatment using synthesized silver nanoparticles

The sustainable development of modern cities requires seeking rational water resources allocation strategies to alleviate supply–demand conflicts and improve the adverse development trend of water resources carrying capacity (WRCC). In this study, a conceptual framework of water resources "Endowment-Utilization-Development-Risk-Green (EUDRG)" is constructed to evaluate WRCC, and the coupling coordination

The potential long-term deleterious effects of parabens on ecosystems, particularly as endocrine disruptors, have been a source of concern due to their persistent presence in natural waters. This study evaluated the catalytic performance of Fe3O4-enhanced granular activated carbon (Fe3O4-GAC) in the catalytic ozonation of methyl-paraben (MP) and ethyl-paraben (EP). Characterization confirmed that Fe3O4

This paper uses a non-convex metafrontier approach to study the temporal evolution and the productivity change in the water usage efficiency of 91 countries during the period 2015–2020. A circular three-stage Network Data Envelopment Analysis (NDEA) production process is considered. The non-radial Directional Distance Function (DDF) is used to compute the system efficiency as well as that of the three

Assessing bottled mineral water (BMW) against drinking water guidelines set by the World health organization, international bottled water association, and Pakistan standards and quality control authority is critical for ensuring product safety. The present study used physico-chemical parameters to conduct a spatio-temporal analysis of BMW brands in Pakistan. Data were collected from the Pakistan council

Membrane distillation (MD) is an attractive thermally driven separation process due to its efficiency to treat highly concentrated feed streams in desalination and different industrial applications. Usually, hydrophobic microfiltration membranes are employed in MD process; however, conventional MD membranes possess rather low permeating flux and are prone to fouling. As a result, MD has not been widely

This study evaluated three index-overlay methods (i.e., DRASTIC, GOD, and susceptibility index (SI)) for their suitability to assessing the vulnerability of shallow aquifer in southeast Hungary to contamination from the land surface. Accordingly, the most recent information on the shallow aquifer depth, recharge rate, land use, and geology/hydrogeology of the groundwater basin was created and integrated

The present investigation was targeted to determine the attenuating role of multi-species probiotics (MSP) of Bacillus subtilis (1.9 × 1010 CFU/g), Bacillus licheniformis (2 × 1010 CFU/g), and Clostridium butyricum (2.2 × 108 CFU/g), against salinity-induced stress and dietary influence on physiological indices of aquaria reared Labeo rohita fingerlings. Three hundred and twenty-four fish (weighed = 60 ± 2

Monitoring GWL over extended periods is crucial for comprehending the fluctuations of groundwater resources in the present context for ongoing global changes. This study analyzed the effects of climate variations on the GWL in Henan Province North China Plain using two deep-learning models Bidirectional Long Short-Term Memory (BidLSTM) and Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU). These models predicted monthly

The central region of Maharashtra, India, is susceptible to agriculture, meteorological, and hydrological droughts, impacting local ecosystems. The scarcity of historical data impedes monitoring and forecasting regional droughts. Given the limited studies on ensemble and Machine Learning (ML) models for drought forecasting, this research compares five ML models [Robust Linear Regression, Bagged Trees

Water desalination using renewable energy with a cooling system integrated with a fogging technique has recently made significant advancements. This study investigates the influence of the fogging technique on improving the process of HDH water desalination integrated with a cooling system. An experimental study investigated how operational factors like the mass flow rate ratio, feed water temperature

Groundwater is a vital resource, especially in semi-arid regions where water scarcity poses a major challenge. The northern upper Boussellam region, with its unique hydrogeological conditions, requires effective groundwater management for sustainability. This study introduces a novel approach for mapping groundwater recharge potential zones across a 1,100 \(\hbox {km}^2\) area using geographic information

The use of inexpensive, easily accessible, highly effective, and environmentally friendly adsorbents has been looked into as a perfect substitute for the currently expensive ways of extracting pollutants from wastewater. This study examines the potential use of carbon black (CB) obtained from sugarcane bagasse for the elimination of aromatic amines such as benzidine from simulated wastewater as it

Increasing the adsorption efficiency of feldspar is the main target of this study. This was achieved by synthesizing new composite from feldspar and nanosized MnO2 by immersion natural feldspar in green-synthesized MnO2. This composite was characterized and confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and specific surface area by B

Reuse of greywater for irrigation has surged due to increasing urban freshwater scarcity. Greywater sources differ in ease and cost of reuse, with limited studies on the effects of irrigation with different sources on soil properties and subsequent rainwater remediation. Thus, this study compared the effect of four major household greywater sources (shower (SH), dishwasher (DW) and liquid and powdered

This study proposed a canal diversion surface flow constructed wetland (CWT) to treat the drainage water in the Tala Drain Gharbia Governorate where the Nile Rosetta Branch is its outfall. The treated water will be used for irrigation purposes. The proposed treatment system consists of a sedimentation pond, a CWT with reed plants, and a treated water storage pond. Field data on hydraulic, climatic

This research utilized physical models to examine changes at the culvert outlet under diverse scenarios, including three different designs of baffle configurations, different levels of blockage, and flow discharges during both steady and unsteady flow states. The study assessed a box culvert with three outlets of different baffle arrangements and blockage rates of 0%, 25%, and 50% at the inlet. For

Water quality assessment is a critical issue in the Aseer region of Saudi Arabia, where environmental and anthropogenic factors pose a major challenge to both drinking water and irrigation systems. The aim of this study was to carry out a detailed assessment of the water resources in the region, focussing on the most important aspects affecting water quality. The main objectives were to calculate various

Groundwater chemistry is essential for water supply to both human community and ecosystems. This study focuses on a typical headwater region of the Yellow River watershed, aiming to get insights into the hydrogeochemical characteristics and governing factors of phreatic groundwater in the large river watershed. Phreatic groundwater exhibits slightly alkaline properties in this alpine headwater region

Access to potable water is crucial for sustaining human life and so has been listed in the Sustainable Development Goal 6. The role of philanthropists in promoting water accessibility is evident in developing regions’ urban centres. This study investigates motivational factors for philanthropic contribution in water supply services in six cities, with three each selected from Oyo and Osun States in

Monitoring water quality is essential for the sustenance of the ecosystem and various forms of life on Earth. The water quality index (WQI) models are the widely adopted approach to water quality monitoring. However, they received much criticism for the reliability and inconsistency of the model, often triggered by eclipsing and ambiguity issues. In addressing these, recently, data-driven approaches

This study explores the electrocoagulation (EC) treatment of high-loaded gray water (HLGW), with the goal of optimizing operating parameters such as current densities (Cd) and EC time. Moreover, the research examines the kinetics involved in the removal of COD, color, and turbidity from HLGW. Various HLGW samples were treated at different current densities over a 90-min EC period. Kinetic analysis

The current study investigated the degradation of the antibiotic metronidazole (MNZ) from aqueous solutions by means of a photo-Fenton-like process-based system. The efficiency of each variable such as CuCOFe2O4@AC nanoparticles (CFC), UV, and H₂O₂, along with their combined processes, was evaluated to select the most appropriate integrated process. In the second stage, a toxicity test was conducted

In arid and semi-arid regions, water scarcity is a dominant problem where water insufficiency greatly hinders sustainable agricultural development. Another significant challenge is usage of pump stations for lifting irrigation water to elevated lands considering cost recovery of cultivated crops. Egypt, which is a semi-arid region, has been facing challenges due to limited water resources and insufficient

Utilizing aquifers as groundwater storage reservoirs is an effective strategy for water management in water scare regions. The success of managed aquifer recharge (MAR) relies on the assessment and modeling of site-specific hydrogeological characteristics, including groundwater salinity, transmissivity, storativity, slope, soil properties, proximity to water recharge networks and road accessibility

Reference evapotranspiration, which includes the contribution of climatic conditions in potential evapotranspiration, is considered as an important and strategic criterion in water resources management and irrigation designs. Therefore, it is necessary to determine and predict its changes in each region. In this study, using copula functions, the behavior and changes of this component were investigated

In this study, the inactivation of various bacterial strains in a solar illuminated photocatalysis reactor with a titania photocatalyst dispersed in a geopolymer coating is studied. The modular reactor design consists of connected catalyst-coated open water carrying chutes. The cleaning efficiency of the process against chemical and biological water contaminants was evaluated by means of test series

Geogenic contamination of fluoride severely impacts groundwater quality rather than industrial contamination. In this study, MODFLOW and MT3D applications are used to predict the groundwater flow and fluoride transport in Vaniyambadi and Ambur taluk in Tirupathur district. The conceptual model with three-layered aquifer system has been developed using visual MODFLOW flex v6.1 for an area of 955 km2

This study aimed to develop a novel composite adsorbent combining peat (PS), limestone (LS), zeolite (ZEO), and activated carbon (AC), with ordinary Portland cement (OPC) as a binder (40% by weight), for the simultaneous removal of ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) from stabilized landfill leachate. The composite was characterized using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Fourier transform

This study introduces a novel integrated model aimed at enhancing the accuracy and efficiency of water quality assessments in four major reservoirs of Liaoning Province, China. The model integrates the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution with Monte Carlo simulation and employs the random forest method for weight allocation. Utilizing monthly water quality data, the model

This study investigated the morphological properties of PS MPs aged by ozone and their adsorption behavior. In this study, the aging of PS MPs was carried out using ozone at a concentration of 1.4 mg/L for 1 h. Subsequently, various laboratory techniques were used to study the morphological characteristics and adsorption behavior of the aged PS MPs. The findings indicated that the morphological characteristics

Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) are being increasingly used as valuable data sources for hydrological monitoring. However, their coarse spatial resolution is considered as a limitation for regional studies, especially in areas with remarkable hydroclimate variability. In this study, a novel approach is presented for downscaling, and gap filling of terrestrial

This study aimed to design and fabricate high-performance heterogeneous polymeric composites via in-situ polymerization, utilizing waste polystyrene-co-methacrylic acid functionalized with zinc cobalt oxide (ZC) at varying loadings (10, 15 and 30 wt %), designated as m-WZC10, m-WZC15 and m-WZC30 respectively. Additionally, waste polystyrene (W) underwent methacrylic acid grafting in the absence of

Groundwater is the main water source in arid climate regions. Climate change and extensive groundwater exploitation will stress the groundwater resources in the upcoming decades. Therefore, groundwater quantity and quality should be assessed. In this study, we focused on groundwater quantity, including recharge and storage (using groundwater level as an indicator) to predict system vulnerability. The

Boron mineral is very important for the life. However, exceeding the standards of boron minerals, especially in water to be used as domestic water, causes health and environmental problems. The commercial method used to separate boron minerals from water is reverse osmosis. In recent years, promising results have been obtained with the membrane distillation (MD) method. However, another method that

The objective of this study was to assess the feasibility of using a poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membrane modified with cellulose/nanostructures as a separation technique for the removal of poly(vinyl alcohol)(PVA)/reactive dyes from synthetic textile wastewater. The goal was to recycle PVA/reactive dye yellow 145 for reuse in the industry while simultaneously reclaiming water for reuse. To achieve

This study focuses on the preparation and characterization of cross-linked carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) biosorbent for efficient removal of Zn2⁺ ions from aqueous solutions. The microstructural features of the biosorbent were examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), while elemental analysis was conducted using an elemental analyzer to determine carbon (C), hydrogen (H), nitrogen (N), and

Swimming pools and pond waters may contain microbial contamination that could be a source of public health hazards. Waterborne bacteria from human or animal excrements or the environment can contaminate swimming pools and ponds. Unhygienic practices at pools, along with stormwater, sewage, and agricultural runoff, can all lead to contamination, indicating the need for monitoring bacterial levels in

In remote arid regions of South Australia, local industries, agriculture, mining, and households rely on limited groundwater resources. Data scarcity often leads to drilling unproductive wells when siting new bores. This study introduces an innovative geospatial method for groundwater exploration using an ensemble mapping approach. It combines knowledge- and data-driven machine learning methods: fuzzy

Upper Gilgel Abay watershed (UGAW) has important physiographical and hydrological implications for the Blue Nile basin, but research on its morphometry and hydrology is limited. This study tried to delineate the UGAW and its sub-watersheds, compute basic morphometric parameters, and link each value with its drainage characteristics. Ranking and prioritization of the sub-watersheds were also done to

Extraction of cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) from agricultural waste is a cost-effective and environmentally beneficial technique. Six nanocomposite membranes were created by combining varying concentrations of CNC and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) with polyethersulfone (PES) for the higher removal efficiency of phosphoric acid from wastewater. It was found that the M6 (CNCs/PES/TEOS) membrane has a

In the next decades, some countries will suffer from water shortage because of the increased population and the increased percentage of economic development. Accordingly, it is necessary to find the alternative way to solve this problem and investigate the development. Nanoscale graphene pieces known as graphene quantum dots (GQDs) exhibit distinctive characteristics that render them intriguing contenders

Developing a product that serves a dual purpose as an adsorbent/photocatalyst for ecological applications is a compelling study area. This article discusses a facile ultrafast synthesis of BiOCl/Bi2S3/biochar (BiOCl/Bi2S3/BC) by solid-state reaction with coupled roles as photocatalyst during sunlight exposure and adsorbent when there is no light. BiOCl/Bi2S3/BC was characterized by XRD, SEM, EDX, HR-TEM

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is applicable in photocatalysis and light-induced processes for activation of substrates, to be superiorly applicable for converting toxic containments into harmless fragments. Carbon nanostructures (CNs) are extensively attracted the attention of researchers, attributing to their diversity and exclusive physicochemical characters. Herein, the affinity of CNs either under acidic

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of flood hazard mapping in Ankara, the capital of Türkiye, highlighting the critical vulnerability of this major urban center to climate-related disasters. By applying advanced boosting algorithms—specifically, XGBoost, GradientBoost, and CatBoost—along with hyperparameter optimization through the Fick’s law algorithm (FLA), this research introduces an innovative

Saltwater intrusion has significant and diverse impacts on agriculture, freshwater resources, and the well-being of coastal communities. To effectively address this issue, precise models for predicting saltwater intrusion must be developed, as well as timely information for reaction planning. In this study, a spectrum of machine learning (ML) methodologies, specifically Random Forest Regression (RFR)

Groundwater quality assessment is crucial for sustainable water resource management in Maharashtra, India, where groundwater helps for main water sources for irrigation, domestic, and industrial sectors. Despite numerous studies on regional groundwater quality, there remains a lack of integrated research combining hydrogeochemical analyses with advanced spatial and statistical techniques. This study