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Super-Resolving a Frequency Band [Tips & Tricks] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Ruiming Guo, Thierry Blu
This article introduces a simple formula that provides the exact frequency of a pure sinusoid from just two samples of its discrete-time Fourier transform (DTFT). Even when the signal is not a pure sinusoid, this formula still works in a very good approximation (optimally after a single refinement), paving the way for the high-resolution frequency tracking of quickly varying signals or simply improving
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SPS Members, You Are All Heirs of Fourier! [From the Editor] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Christian Jutten
My three years of service as the editor-in-chief (EIC) of Signal Processing Magazine ( SPM ) are now coming to a close. During the past three years, many of us were deeply affected by serious political, social, and environmental events such as the war in Ukraine; protests for freedom in Iran; coups d’état in Africa; the COVID-19 pandemic; seisms in Turkey, Syria, and Morocco; huge floods in Libya and
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Reflections on the Poland Chapter Celebration [President’s Message] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Athina Petropulu
My end of term as IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) president is fast approaching. It has been an incredible experience that has provided me with so many opportunities to engage with our members around the globe, forge relationships with other IEEE Societies, and meet a diverse range of people that I hope will become active members of our Society in the future. It has been a great privilege to be
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Fourier and the Early Days of Sound Analysis [DSP History] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Patrick Flandrin
Joseph Fourier’s methods (and their variants) are omnipresent in audio signal processing. However, it turns out that the underlying ideas took some time to penetrate the field of sound analysis and that different paths were first followed in the period immediately following Fourier’s pioneering work, with or without reference to him. This illustrates the interplay between mathematics and physics as
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Polynomial Eigenvalue Decomposition for Multichannel Broadband Signal Processing: A mathematical technique offering new insights and solutions IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Vincent W. Neo, Soydan Redif, John G. McWhirter, Jennifer Pestana, Ian K. Proudler, Stephan Weiss, Patrick A. Naylor
This article is devoted to the polynomial eigenvalue decomposition (PEVD) and its applications in broadband multichannel signal processing, motivated by the optimum solutions provided by the EVD for the narrowband case [1] , [2] . In general, we would like to extend the utility of the EVD to also address broadband problems. Multichannel broadband signals arise at the core of many essential commercial
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A Signal Processing Interpretation of Noise-Reduction Convolutional Neural Networks: Exploring the mathematical formulation of encoding-decoding CNNs IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Luis Albert Zavala-Mondragón, Peter H.N. de With, Fons van der Sommen
Encoding-decoding convolutional neural networks (CNNs) play a central role in data-driven noise reduction and can be found within numerous deep learning algorithms. However, the development of these CNN architectures is often done in an ad hoc fashion and theoretical underpinnings for important design choices are generally lacking. Up to now, there have been different existing relevant works that have
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Tricks for Designing a Cascade of Infinite Impulse Response Filters With an Almost Linear Phase Response [Tips & Tricks] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 David Shiung, Jeng-Ji Huang, Ya-Yin Yang
Designing filters with perfect frequency responses (i.e., flat passbands, sharp transition bands, highly suppressed stopbands, and linear phase responses) is always the ultimate goal of any digital signal processing (DSP) practitioner. High-order finite impulse response (FIR) filters may meet these requirements when we put no constraint on implementation complexity. In contrast to FIR filters, infinite
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Implementing Moving Average Filters Using Recursion [Tips & Tricks] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Shlomo Engelberg
Moving average filters output the average of N samples, and it is easy to see (and to prove) that they are low-pass filters.
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Sub-Nyquist Coherent Imaging Using an Optimizing Multiplexed Sampling Scheme [Tips & Tricks] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Yeonwoo Jeong, Behnam Tayebi, Jae-Ho Han
Several techniques have been developed to overcome the limitation of sensor bandwidth for 2D signals [1] . Though compressive sensing is an attractive technique that reduces the number of measurements required to record information on a sparse signal basis [2] , [3] , recording information beyond the Nyquist frequency remains difficult when working with nonsparse signals. Given this constraint, this
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Data Science Education: The Signal Processing Perspective [SP Education] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Sharon Gannot, Zheng-Hua Tan, Martin Haardt, Nancy F. Chen, Hoi-To Wai, Ivan Tashev, Walter Kellermann, Justin Dauwels
In the last decade, the signal processing (SP) community has witnessed a paradigm shift from model-based to data-driven methods. Machine learning (ML)—more specifically, deep learning—methodologies are nowadays widely used in all SP fields, e.g., audio, speech, image, video, multimedia, and multimodal/multisensor processing, to name a few. Many data-driven methods also incorporate domain knowledge
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Synthetic Image Detection: Highlights from the IEEE Video and Image Processing Cup 2022 Student Competition [SP Competitions] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-11-08 Davide Cozzolino, Koki Nagano, Lucas Thomaz, Angshul Majumdar, Luisa Verdoliva
Provides society information that may include news, reviews or technical notes that should be of interest to practitioners and researchers.
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The Discrete Cosine Transform and Its Impact on Visual Compression: Fifty Years From Its Invention [Perspectives] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Yao Wang, Debargha Mukherjee
Compression is essential for efficient storage and transmission of signals. One powerful method for compression is through the application of orthogonal transforms, which convert a group of ${N}$ data samples into a group of ${N}$ transform coefficients. In transform coding, the ${N}$ samples are first transformed, and then the coefficients are individually quantized and entropy coded into binary bits
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Integrated Sensing and Communications With Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces: From signal modeling to processing IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Sundeep Prabhakar Chepuri, Nir Shlezinger, Fan Liu, George C. Alexandropoulos, Stefano Buzzi, Yonina C. Eldar
Integrated sensing and communications (ISAC) are envisioned to be an integral part of future wireless networks, especially when operating at the millimeter-wave (mm-wave) and terahertz (THz) frequency bands. However, establishing wireless connections at these high frequencies is quite challenging, mainly due to the penetrating path loss that prevents reliable communication and sensing. Another emerging
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New Society officers elected [Society News] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07
Provides society information that may include news, reviews or technical notes that should be of interest to practitioners and researchers.
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Periodograms and the Method of Averaged Periodograms [Lecture Notes] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Shlomo Engelberg
In this “Lecture Notes” column, we show that it is possible to use deterministic arguments to gain some intuition into why using periodograms without averaging does not work well and why they “fail” in the way they do. We then explain how the probabilistic case can be seen as an extension of the deterministic case. Next, we give a brief description of the method of averaged periodograms and explain
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Synthetic Speech Attribution: Highlights From the IEEE Signal Processing Cup 2022 Student Competition [SP Competitions] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Davide Salvi, Clara Borrelli, Paolo Bestagini, Fabio Antonacci, Matthew Stamm, Lucio Marcenaro, Angshul Majumdar
The possibility of manipulating digital multimedia material is nowadays within everyone’s reach. In the audio case, anybody can create fake synthetic speech tracks using various methods with almost no effort [1] . These methods range from simple waveform concatenation operations to more complex neural networks [2] , [3] .
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SPM Is Your Magazine—You Are Both Reader and Author: Contribute to IEEE Signal Processing Magazine [From the Editor] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Christian Jutten
The objectives of IEEE Signal Processing Magazine ( SPM ) are to propose, for any IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) member and beyond, a wide range of tutorial articles on both methods and applications in signal and image processing. The articles are divided into different categories: feature articles, column and forum articles, and articles in special issues, the specificities of which are detailed
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Reflecting on the Successes of ICASSP 2023 [President’s Message] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Athina Petropulu
As we gear up for the International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP) 2024, it is essential to take a moment to celebrate the achievements and highlights of ICASSP 2023, which took place on Rhodes Island, Greece, this past June. ICASSP 2023 was a momentous event as it marked the first postpandemic ICASSP, and the return to in-person meetings. With the theme “Signal Processing
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Election of President-Elect, Regional Directors-at-Large, and Members-at-Large [Society News] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Ahmed Tewfik
Provides society information that may include news, reviews or technical notes that should be of interest to practitioners and researchers.
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On the Concept of Frequency in Signal Processing: A Discussion [Perspectives] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Moisés Soto-Bajo, Andrés Fraguela Collar, Javier Herrera-Vega
Nikola Tesla said: “If you want to find the secrets of the universe, think in terms of energy, frequency and vibration.” Unfortunately, this is a hieroglyph, and we are still looking for its Rosetta Stone.
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Quaternions in Signal and Image Processing: A comprehensive and objective overview IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Sebastian Miron, Julien Flamant, Nicolas Le Bihan, Pierre Chainais, David Brie
Quaternions are still largely misunderstood and often considered an “exotic” signal representation without much practical utility despite the fact that they have been around the signal and image processing community for more than 30 years now. The main aim of this article is to counter this misconception and to demystify the use of quaternion algebra for solving problems in signal and image processing
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Deep Learning Meets Sparse Regularization: A signal processing perspective IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Rahul Parhi, Robert D. Nowak
Deep learning (DL) has been wildly successful in practice, and most of the state-of-the-art machine learning methods are based on neural networks (NNs). Lacking, however, is a rigorous mathematical theory that adequately explains the amazing performance of deep NNs (DNNs). In this article, we present a relatively new mathematical framework that provides the beginning of a deeper understanding of DL
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Discriminative and Generative Learning for the Linear Estimation of Random Signals [Lecture Notes] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-09-07 Nir Shlezinger, Tirza Routtenberg
Inference tasks in signal processing are often characterized by the availability of reliable statistical modeling with some missing instance-specific parameters. One conventional approach uses data to estimate these missing parameters and then infers based on the estimated model. Alternatively, data can also be leveraged to directly learn the inference mapping end to end. These approaches for combining
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IEEE Signal Processing Society 75th Anniversary During ICASSP 2023: Remembering the past, engaging with the present, and building the future [From the Editor] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Christian Jutten, Athina Petropulu
The ICASSP 2023 conference in Rhodes, Greece, was remarkable from multiple perspectives. Notably, this was the first fully in-person ICASSP after three consecutive virtual conferences, which were necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic. Attendees fully embraced the opportunity to engage in live interactions and reestablish their networks.
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New Society Editors-in-Chief Named for 2024 [Society News] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-19
Provides society information that may include news, reviews or technical notes that should be of interest to practitioners and researchers.
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IEEE Signal Processing Society: Celebrating 75 Years of Remarkable Achievements (Part 2) [From the Guest Editors] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Rodrigo Capobianco Guido, Tulay Adali, Emil Björnson, Laure Blanc-Féraud, Ulisses Braga-Neto, Behnaz Ghoraani, Christian Jutten, Alle-Jan Van Der Veen, Hong Vicky Zhao, Xiaoxing Zhu
It is our great pleasure to introduce the second part of this special issue to you! The IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) has completed 75 years of remarkable service to the signal processing community. The eight selected articles included in this second part are clear portraits of that. As the review process for these articles took longer, however, they could not be included in the first part of
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Audio Signal Processing in the 21st Century: The important outcomes of the past 25 years IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Gaël Richard, Paris Smaragdis, Sharon Gannot, Patrick A. Naylor, Shoji Makino, Walter Kellermann, Akihiko Sugiyama
Audio signal processing has passed many landmarks in its development as a research topic. Many are well known, such as the development of the phonograph in the second half of the 19th century and technology associated with digital telephony that burgeoned in the late 20th century and is still a hot topic in multiple guises. Interestingly, the development of audio technology has been fueled not only
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Twenty-Five Years of Evolution in Speech and Language Processing IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Dong Yu, Yifan Gong, Michael Alan Picheny, Bhuvana Ramabhadran, Dilek Hakkani-Tür, Rohit Prasad, Heiga Zen, Jan Skoglund, Jan Honza Černocký, Lukáš Burget, Abdelrahman Mohamed
In this article, we summarize the evolution of speech and language processing (SLP) in the past 25 years. We first provide a snapshot of popular research topics and the associated state of the art (SOTA) in various subfields of SLP 25 years ago, and then highlight the shift in research topics over the years. We describe the major breakthroughs in each of the subfields and the main driving forces that
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The Foundations of Computational Imaging: A signal processing perspective IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 W. Clem Karl, James E. Fowler, Charles A. Bouman, Müjdat Çetin, Brendt Wohlberg, Jong Chul Ye
Twenty-five years ago, the field of computational imaging arguably did not exist, at least not as a standalone arena of research activity and technical development. Of course, the idea of using computation to form images had been around for several decades, largely thanks to the development of medical imaging—such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and X-ray tomography—in the 1970s and synthetic-aperture
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Superresolution Image Reconstruction: Selective milestones and open problems IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Xin Li, Weisheng Dong, Jinjian Wu, Leida Li, Guangming Shi
In multidimensional signal processing, such as image and video processing, superresolution (SR) imaging is a classical problem. Over the past 25 years, academia and industry have been interested in reconstructing high-resolution (HR) images from their low-resolution (LR) counterparts. We review the development of SR technology in this tutorial article based on the evolution of key insights associated
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Information Forensics and Security: A quarter-century-long journey IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Mauro Barni, Patrizio Campisi, Edward J. Delp, Gwenaël Doërr, Jessica Fridrich, Nasir Memon, Fernando Pérez-González, Anderson Rocha, Luisa Verdoliva, Min Wu
Information forensics and security (IFS) is an active R&D area whose goal is to ensure that people use devices, data, and intellectual properties for authorized purposes and to facilitate the gathering of solid evidence to hold perpetrators accountable. For over a quarter century, since the 1990s, the IFS research area has grown tremendously to address the societal needs of the digital information
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Signal Processing for Brain–Computer Interfaces: A review and current perspectives IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Le Wu, Aiping Liu, Rabab K. Ward, Z. Jane Wang, Xun Chen
Brain–computer interfaces (BCIs) employ neurophysiological signals derived from the brain to control computers or external devices. By enhancing or replacing human peripheral functioning capacity, BCIs offer supplementary degrees of freedom, significantly improving individuals’ quality of life, particularly offering hope for those with locked-in syndrome (LIS). Moreover, BCI applications have expanded
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Networked Signal and Information Processing: Learning by multiagent systems IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Stefan Vlaski, Soummya Kar, Ali H. Sayed, José M.F. Moura
This article reviews significant advances in networked signal and information processing (SIP), which have enabled in the last 25 years extending decision making and inference, optimization, control, and learning to the increasingly ubiquitous environments of distributed agents. As these interacting agents cooperate, new collective behaviors emerge from local decisions and actions. Moreover, and significantly
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Seventy Years of Radar and Communications: The road from separation to integration IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Fan Liu, Le Zheng, Yuanhao Cui, Christos Masouros, Athina P. Petropulu, Hugh Griffiths, Yonina C. Eldar
Radar and communications (R&C) as key utilities of electromagnetic (EM) waves have fundamentally shaped human society and triggered the modern information age. Although R&C had been historically progressing separately, in recent decades, they have been converging toward integration, forming integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) systems, giving rise to new highly desirable capabilities in next-generation
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IEEE Signal Processing Society: Celebrating 75 Years of Remarkable Achievements [From the Guest Editors] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Rodrigo Capobianco Guido, Tulay Adali, Emil Björnson, Laure Blanc-Féraud, Ulisses Braga-Neto, Behnaz Ghoraani, Christian Jutten, Alle-Jan Van Der Veen, Hong Vicky Zhao, Xiaoxing Zhu
It is our great pleasure to introduce the first part of this special issue to you! The IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) has completed 75 years of remarkable service to the signal processing community. When the Society was founded in 1948, we couldn’t imagine, for instance, how wireless networks of smartphones would be able to connect us easily at all times, or that an image processing algorithm
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Celebrating Technological Breakthroughs and Navigating the Future With Care [From the Editor] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Christian Jutten, Athina Petropulu
The 75th anniversary of the IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) is an ideal time to look at the rapid advances in our field and the many ways that these increasingly powerful technologies have transformed our professions and the world. This is not just a time to celebrate past achievements and pat ourselves on the back, but also to educate young students and innovators about the history of our profession
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Empowering the Growth of Signal Processing: The evolution of the IEEE Signal Processing Society IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Athina Petropulu, José M.F. Moura, Rabab Kreidieh Ward, Theresa Argiropoulos
Signal processing (SP) is a “hidden” technology that has transformed the digital world and changed our lives in so many ways. The field of digital SP (DSP) took off in the mid-1960s, aided by the integrated circuit and increasing availability of digital computers. Since then, the field of DSP has grown tremendously and fueled groundbreaking advances in technology across a wide range of fields with
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The Evolution of Women in Signal Processing and Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Rabab Kreidieh Ward
When I began writing this 75th anniversary article celebrating women in signal processing (SP), I reread the 1998 editorial titled “Fifty Years of Signal Processing: 1948–1998” [1] . At that time, IEEE had more than 300,000 members in 150 nations, the world’s largest professional technical Society. Within the IEEE umbrella, there were 37 IEEE Societies and technical groups, and the IEEE Signal Processing
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IEEE Signal Processing Society Flagship Conferences Over the Past 10 Years IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Ana I. Perez-Neira, Fernando Pereira, Carlo Regazzoni, Caroline Johnson
Throughout the IEEE Signal Processing Society’s (SPS’s) history, conferences have functioned as a main way to connect within the Society, bringing together the signal processing research community to discuss and debate, establish research collaborations, and have a good time. These immersive conference experiences, to which attendees travel from all over the world to be together for a set period of
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How the 1969 IEEE Convention and Exhibition Changed My Life Forever: The story of how a single IEEE event attracted over 60,000 people and gave one young man a lifelong career IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 John Edwards
Let me begin by telling you that 1969 was a great year—a really, really, really great year.
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Graph Signal Processing: History, development, impact, and outlook IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-08 Geert Leus, Antonio G. Marques, José M.F. Moura, Antonio Ortega, David I Shuman
Signal processing (SP) excels at analyzing, processing, and inferring information defined over regular (first continuous, later discrete) domains such as time or space. Indeed, the last 75 years have shown how SP has made an impact in areas such as communications, acoustics, sensing, image processing, and control, to name a few. With the digitalization of the modern world and the increasing pervasiveness
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From Nano to Macro: An overview of the IEEE Bio Image and Signal Processing Technical Committee IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Selin Aviyente, Alejandro F. Frangi, Erik Meijering, Arrate Muñoz-Barrutia, Michael Liebling, Dimitri Van De Ville, Jean-Christophe Olivo-Marin, Jelena Kovačević, Michael Unser
The Bio Image and Signal Processing (BISP) Technical Committee (TC) of the IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) promotes activities within the broad technical field of biomedical image and signal processing. Areas of interest include medical and biological imaging, digital pathology, molecular imaging, microscopy, and associated computational imaging, image analysis, and image-guided treatment, alongside
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Multimedia Signal Processing: A history of the Multimedia Signal Processing Technical Committee IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Ivan V. Bajić, Marta Mrak, Frédéric Dufaux, Enrico Magli, Tsuhan Chen
Multimedia signal processing (MMSP) refers to processing of signals from multiple media—speech, audio, images, text, graphics, point clouds, etc.—often jointly. This article reviews the history of MMSP and, in parallel, the history of the MMSP Technical Committee (TC), with a focus on the last three decades ( Figure 1 ).
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Twenty-Five Years of Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing: A review of progress to date and potential research directions IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Wei Liu, Martin Haardt, Maria S. Greco, Christoph F. Mecklenbräuker, Peter Willett
In this article, a general introduction to the area of sensor array and multichannel signal processing is provided, including associated activities of the IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) Sensor Array and Multichannel (SAM) Technical Committee (TC). The main technological advances in five SAM subareas made in the past 25 years are then presented in detail, including beamforming, direction-of-arrival
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Three More Decades in Array Signal Processing Research: An optimization and structure exploitation perspective IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Marius Pesavento, Minh Trinh-Hoang, Mats Viberg
The signal processing community is currently witnessing the emergence of sensor array processing and direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation in various modern applications, such as automotive radar, mobile user and millimeter wave indoor localization, and drone surveillance, as well as in new paradigms, such as joint sensing and communication in future wireless systems. This trend is further enhanced
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Twenty-Five Years of Signal Processing Advances for Multiantenna Communications: From theory to mainstream technology IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Emil Björnson, Yonina C. Eldar, Erik G. Larsson, Angel Lozano, H. Vincent Poor
Wireless communication technology has progressed dramatically over the past 25 years, in terms of societal adoption as well as technical sophistication. In 1998, mobile phones were still in the process of becoming compact and affordable devices that could be widely utilized in both developed and developing countries. There were “only” 300 million mobile subscribers in the world [1] . Cellular networks
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Twenty-Five Years of Advances in Beamforming: From convex and nonconvex optimization to learning techniques IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 Ahmet M. Elbir, Kumar Vijay Mishra, Sergiy A. Vorobyov, Robert W. Heath
Beamforming is a signal processing technique to steer, shape, and focus an electromagnetic (EM) wave using an array of sensors toward a desired direction. It has been used in many engineering applications, such as radar, sonar, acoustics, astronomy, seismology, medical imaging, and communications. With the advent of multiantenna technologies in, say, radar and communication, there has been a great
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Promoting Integrity and Knowledge for the Well-Being of Humanity and Peace [From the Editor] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Christian Jutten
Je crois invinciblement que la science et la paix triompheront de l’ignorance et de la guerre ( I believe invincibly that science and peace will triumph over ignorance and war )
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Toward Creating an Inclusive SPS Community [President’s Message] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Athina Petropulu
The underrepresentation of women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields is an issue that has been studied extensively [1] . Yet women still face many challenges, even though the demand for many STEM occupations has exploded. Many factors contribute to the low number of women in the STEM field. From an early age, girls are exposed to many cultural cues that dissuade them
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Neural Target Speech Extraction: An overview IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Katerina Zmolikova, Marc Delcroix, Tsubasa Ochiai, Keisuke Kinoshita, Jan Černocký, Dong Yu
Humans can listen to a target speaker even in challenging acoustic conditions that have noise, reverberation, and interfering speakers. This phenomenon is known as the cocktail party effect . For decades, researchers have focused on approaching the listening ability of humans. One critical issue is handling interfering speakers because the target and nontarget speech signals share similar characteristics
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Historical Audio Search and Preservation: Finding Waldo Within the Fearless Steps Apollo 11 Naturalistic Audio Corpus [Applications Corner] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Meena M. Chandra Shekar, John H.L. Hansen
Apollo 11 was the first manned space mission to successfully bring astronauts to the Moon and return them safely. As part of NASA’s goal in assessing team and mission success, all voice communications within mission control, astronauts, and support staff were captured using a multichannel analog system, which until recently had never been made available. More than 400 personnel served as mission specialists/support
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Analysis of the Minimum-Norm Least-Squares Estimator and Its Double-Descent Behavior [Lecture Notes] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Per Mattsson, Dave Zachariah, Petre Stoica
Linear regression models have a wide range of applications in statistics, signal processing, and machine learning. In this Lecture Notes column we will examine the performance of the least-squares (LS) estimator with a focus on the case when there are more parameters than training samples, which is often overlooked in textbooks on estimation.
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Bounded-Magnitude Discrete Fourier Transform [Tips & Tricks] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Sebastian J. Schlecht, Vesa Välimäki, Emanuël A.P. Habets
Analyzing the magnitude response of a finite-length sequence is a ubiquitous task in signal processing. However, the discrete Fourier transform (DFT) provides only discrete sampling points of the response characteristic. This work introduces bounds on the magnitude response, which can be efficiently computed without additional zero padding. The proposed bounds can be used for more informative visualization
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Simplifying Zero Rotations in Cascaded Integrator-Comb Decimators [Tips & Tricks] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 David Ernesto Troncoso Romero
Cascaded integrator-comb (CIC) decimators provide natural aliasing rejection in folding bands. However, improving that rejection requires increasing the number of integrator-comb pairs, N , and this affects the attractive simplicity of the CIC system as N grows. For a given N , the worst-case attenuation can still be improved by applying zero rotations. However, state-of-the-art zero-rotation methods
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Tricks for Cascading Running-Sum Filters With Their Variations for High-Performance Filtering [Tips & Tricks] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 David Shiung, Jeng-Ji Huang
High-performance filtering (a flat passband, a sharp transition band, and a highly suppressed stopband) is always the ultimate goal of any digital signal processing (DSP) practitioner. However, high-performance filtering is traditionally the synonym of high implementation complexity. In this article, we propose an approach to reach high-performance filtering with lower implementation complexity. This
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A Survey of Artificial Intelligence in Fashion IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Hung-Jen Chen, Hong-Han Shuai, Wen-Huang Cheng
The fashion industry is on the verge of an unprecedented change. Fashion applications are benefiting greatly from the development of machine learning, computer vision, and artificial intelligence. In this article, we present an overview of three major topics of fashion and associated state-of-the-art techniques: 1) fashion analysis, including popularity prediction and fashion trend analysis; 2) fashion
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In Remembrance of Dr. Harry L. Van Trees [In Memoriam] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Kristine Bell, Zhi Tian, Christian Jutten
Dr. Harry L. Van Trees passed away peacefully on 29 December 2022 with his wife of 69 years, Diane, and his family by his side. He had a distinguished career that spanned a variety of academic, government, and industry positions, and he is widely recognized as one of the founders of the detection and estimation theory body of knowledge. His four-volume series of textbooks, Detection, Estimation, and
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In Memoriam: Enders Anthony Robinson [In Memoriam] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-05-01 Erik Robinson, Christian Jutten
Professor Enders Anthony Robinson, Ph.D., passed away in his sleep at the age of 92 on 6 December 2022. He was regarded as the “father of digital geophysics,” and his deconvolution methods have advanced a wide range of signal processing applications.
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Open and Reproducible Science: Desirable or Even Mandatory, But Not So Simple! [From the Editor] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-27 Christian Jutten
In previous editorials, SPS President Athina Petropulu and I had the opportunity to say a few words about ethics, especially taking into account the usefulness of our research projects, for humanity and Earth, in a wide sense. In the current energy crisis and the explosion of costs, this issue becomes still more important, and I believe that it must be considered carefully in all our projects. Scientific
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Reaching Out to Members in the Middle East and India [President’s Message] IEEE Signal Proc. Mag. (IF 14.9) Pub Date : 2023-02-27 Athina Petropulu
As I am writing this article, I am wrapping up a trip as IEEE Signal Processing Society (SPS) president to Doha, Qatar (9–11 January), to speak at the 2022 IEEE Spoken Language Technology (SLT) Workshop, and India (12–16 January), for technical talks and meetings with local signal processing researchers and SPS local Chapter chairs.