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Fibre Bragg grating sensors for sutural expansion assessment in rapid palatal expanders: an ex-vivo validation IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Wagner Coimbra; Vinicius Campos; Pedro Lima Emmerich Oliveira; Anselmo Frizera; Eduardo F. Sant'Anna; Mônica T. Souza Araújo; Rafhael Andrade; Arnaldo Leal-Junior
This study presents the development and validation of a fibre Bragg gratings (FBGs)-based sensor system for the assessment of strain in the midpalatal suture in subjects using rapid palatal expanders (RPEs). The ex-vivo experiments were made by means of positioning two RPEs in a porcine palatal region. The RPEs used were the Hyrax, a tooth-borne expander and MARPE (microimplant-assisted rapid palatal
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Raman distributed temperature sensing for end winding of high-power generator IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Jessé de Pelegrin; João Paulo Bazzo; Uilian José Dreyer; Cicero Martelli; Daniel Rodrigues Pipa; Erlon Vagner da Silva; Jean Carlos Cardozo da Silva
The temperature on the busbars of electric generators in the end-winding region needs to be monitored continuously. High temperature is associated with curvatures, seams, and poor ventilation. However, this solution has limitations, such as the number of measurement points. This article presents a reconstruction algorithm to estimate high-resolution signals, from readings of a distributed temperature
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FPGA-assisted state-of-polarisation generation for polarisation-encoded optical communications IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Nelson J. Muga; Mariana F. Ramos; Sara T. Mantey; Nuno A. Silva; Armando N. Pinto
This study presents a theoretical model for polarisation manipulation using electronic polarisation controllers (EPCs) based on fibre squeezing. A method to calculate the EPC configuration in order to transform between two arbitrary states of polarisation (SOP) is presented. After, a technique to deterministically generate four SOPs for use in polarisation-encoded quantum communication systems is proposed
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Flexible photoluminescent waveguide amplifiers to improve visible light communication platforms IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Ana R. N. Bastos; Barry McKenna; Tiago Silvério; Luís D. Carlos; Paulo S. André; Rachel C. Evans; Rute A. S. Ferreira
Commercial light-emitting diodes are a low-cost and energy-efficient solution for the implementation of optical wireless communication, known as visible light communication (VLC). This technology has a huge growing interest, being recently a research spotlight in the scientific community, especially due to the increasing popularity and rapid development of self-sustainable smart houses and the Internet
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Review of advanced techniques for multi-gigabit visible light communication IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Muhammad Towfiqur Rahman; Abu Saleh Md Bakibillah; Rajendran Parthiban; Masuduzzaman Bakaul
Visible light communication (VLC) is a promising candidate for future indoor wireless communication. Light emitting diodes (LEDs) are popular choices as transmitters for VLC, since they are energy efficient and have the ability to provide illumination and data transmission simultaneously. VLC is attractive for reasons such as security, the ability to use a licence free spectrum, and broad bandwidth
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Electroabsorption-modulated laser as optical transmitter and receiver: status and opportunities IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Bernhard Schrenk
The rapid growth of digital services has led to a widespread deployment of opto-electronics that furnish the Internet as an efficient communication backbone. The electroabsorption-modulated laser (EML) is a representative example of a monolithic integrated electro-optic converter that has early become a commodity: it has been widely adopted in telecommunication networks in virtue of its cost- and energy-efficient
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Design and verification of a tunable metamaterial and its sensing application IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Min Zhong
In this study, the authors present a single-band tunable metamaterial absorber in the 3.00–6.00 THz region. This absorption peak (90.00% amplitude) is excited by the cavity resonance at the resonance frequency of 4.55 THz. The cavity resonance mode is achieved in the spacer cavity formed by the metal/strontium titanate (STO)/SU-8 photoresist (SU-8)/STO/metal layers. The effect of structural parameters
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Field enhancement assisted graphene-based microring modulator for high modulation depth IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Swati Joshi; Brajesh Kumar Kaushik
This study aims at optimising the graphene coverage in a microresonator for the design of an efficient modulator by using a combination of graphene induced losses and phase shift. The graphene integration in the ring can provide tunability by means of altering the loss and coupling coefficient by changing the graphene coverage or its chemical potential. The fundamental parameters of graphene integrated
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Accurate prediction of photovoltaic power output based on long short-term memory network IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Nan-Run Zhou; Yi Zhou; Li-Hua Gong; Min-Lin Jiang
An accurate power output prediction of the photovoltaic system is pivotal to eliminate the extra cost and the negative impact in the utility grid integrated with photovoltaic power sources. The power output of a photovoltaic system is predicted by introducing a long short-term memory method. Moreover, the influence of noise data on prediction results is eliminated with the empirical mode decomposition
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Investigating the impact of metallic nanoparticles on performance of nanowire-based plasmonic photodetectors IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Mohammad Rashidi; Asghar Asgari
In this study, the authors have theoretically investigated the effects of metallic nanoparticles (NPs) on the performance of nanowire-based plasmonic photodetectors. For this goal, they propose a novel structure for plasmonic photodetectors in which the metallic NPs are deposited on a semiconductor nanowire sandwiched between two ohmic contacts. To calculate the eigenstates of the system, they have
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Modelling and simulation of novel liquid-infiltrated PCF biosensor in Terahertz frequencies IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Nurul Awadah Nadiah Binti Suhaimi; Izaddeen Kabir Yakasai; Emeroylariffion Abas; Shubi Kaijage; Feroza Begum
The liquid-infiltrated photonic crystal fibre (LI-PCF) is proposed for guiding terahertz radiation. Geometrical asymmetry is achieved by introducing a large ellipse in the core. By filling the ellipse with liquid cocaine, the optical properties of the photonic crystal fibre (PCF) are theoretically examined using finite element method-based COMSOL multiphysics software. At an operating frequency of
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20 GHz self-oscillating parametric optical frequency comb generator using an electroabsorption modulated laser based dual-loop optoelectronic oscillator IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Yumin Cheng; Juanjuan Yan
In this work, a self-oscillating parametric optical frequency comb generator is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. It consists of an electroabsorption modulated laser (EML) based dual-loop optoelectronic oscillation loop and a parametric frequency mixer. In the experiments, a 20 GHz radio-frequency signal is produced to drive the EML. The output pulses from the EML are amplified to work as pump
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Performance optimisation for dual-hop hybrid FSO/RF system with selection combining IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Shubha Sharma; AS Madhukumar; Swaminathan Ramabadran
This study investigates the performance of a decode-and-forward-relay-based hybrid free space optical (FSO)/radio frequency (RF) system with selection combining. The proposed hybrid system considers an FSO sub-system as a default transmission option and RF sub-system is utilised when FSO is in outage. For the proposed system, the outage threshold signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is an important parameter
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Optical Improved Quadrature Spatial Modulation for Cooperative Underwater Wireless Communication under Weak Oceanic Turbulence Conditions IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Anirban Bhowal; Rakhesh Singh Kshetrimayum
Amplify-and-forward cooperative underwater optical wireless communication employing optical improved quadrature spatial modulation (OIQSM) is proposed in this study. It uses multiple signal constellations, thereby improving the system performance. It uses multiple lasers but it activates only a few of them depending on the message bits and can transmit double modulated symbols in a single symbol interval
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Precision indoor three-dimensional visible light positioning using receiver diversity and multi-layer perceptron neural network IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Abdulrahman A. Mahmoud; Zahir Uddin Ahmad; Olivier C.L. Haas; Sujan Rajbhandari
In recent times, several applications requiring highly accurate indoor positioning systems have been developed. Since the global positioning system is unavailable/less accurate in the indoor environment, alternative techniques such as visible light positioning (VLP) are considered. The VLP system benefits from the wide availability of illumination infrastructure, energy efficiency and the absence of
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Gain-flattened hybrid EDFA operating in C + L band with parallel pumping distribution technique IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-10-28 Alabbas A. Al-Azzawi; Aya A. Almukhtar; Anirban Dhar; Mukul C. Paul; Harith Ahmad; Ahmet Altuncu; Retna Apsari; Sulaiman Wadi Harun
A novel C + L band hybrid erbium-doped fibre amplifier (EDFA) using a two-stage configuration was proposed and demonstrated experimentally. The amplifier is composed of a 0.5-m long hafnium bismuth erbium co-doped fibre (EDF) to provide gain within the C-band and a 4-m long zirconia-based EDF to provide gain within the L-band. The proposed amplifier was examined based on the multi-wavelength input
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Energy-efficient bi-directional visible light communication using thin-film corner cube retroreflector for self-sustainable IoT IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Jenila Chellam; Ramasamy Kandasamy Jeyachitra
This study presents the design and analysis of energy-efficient visible light communication-based downlink and uplink using a thin-film corner cube retroreflector (TCCR). The uplink establishment from the user device (UD) to base station (BS) is achieved with the retroreflection of the downlink light beams using TCCR in UD. It eliminates the requirement of active optical source in the UD that reduces
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Femtosecond mode-locked erbium-doped fibre laser with Alq3 saturable absorber IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Sameer Salam; Ahmed H.H. Al-Masoodi; Pengfei Wang; Sulaiman Wadi Harun
The authors experimentally demonstrated the generation of mode-locked pulses from all-fibre erbium-doped fibre laser cavity by using organic material, Alq 3 , as a saturable absorber (SA). The SA film was integrated into a ring fibre laser cavity to act as a mode-locker. A mode-locking operation was achieved in three different experiments with pulse width/repetition rate of 1.26 ps/3.36 MHz, 970 fs/3
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BER performance analysis of OFDM-based integrated PLC and MIMO-VLC system IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Ajit Kumar; Swapan Kumar Ghorai
In the present paper, the bit error rate (BER) performance of hybrid power line communication (PLC) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) visible light communication (VLC) system (HPMV) has been investigated using line-of-sight (LOS) and LOS plus first reflection (L-R1) signals for room size of 5 m × 5 m × 3 m (configuration A) and 7.5 m × 7.5 m × 3.5 m (configuration B). In the work, Rayleigh
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Grain/grain-boundary mediated dispersive photo-current characteristics in close space sublimated micro-granular CdTe films IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Kulandai Velu Ramanathan; Balakrishnan Shankar; Shantikumar V. Nair; Mariyappan Shanmugam
Photo-current characteristics in close space sublimation processed multi-facetted Cadmium Telluride (CdTe) micro-granular films were studied under AM1.5, blue and green laser illuminations to assess the energy dependent charge transport characteristics. Photo-current under AM1.5 illumination (100 mW/cm 2 ) resulted in three times more than dark current while it was observed 2.4 and 2.5 times more in
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Effect of Perovskite material on performance of surface plasmon resonance biosensor IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Akash Srivastava; Ritwick Das; Yogendra Kumar Prajapati
In this study, we analyze the combined effect of TMD/Perovskite/2D Material on the performance of SPR biosensor using Kretschman configuration. In order to optimize the parameters, we compare the results of each material falls in the family of TMD/Perovskite/2D respectively and finally applied in the proposed sensor. It is observed that the combined structure based on black phosphorus, a 2D material
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Wideband and polarisation-independent antireflection coating using metamaterials IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Fahimeh Sepehripour; Parisa Karimi; Amin Khavasi
Here, the authors propose a new approach for realising wideband and polarisation-independent antireflection coating, based on a metamaterial composed of a subwavelength array of metallic pillars with a square cross-section. The effective impedance of the array can be duly adjusted by the size and distance of the pillars. As such, the authors design the effective impedance of the antireflection coating
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RF-sputtered tungsten enabled surface plasmon effect in dye sensitised solar cells IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Lakshmi Srinivasan; Kulandai Velu Ramanathan; Gopika Gopakumar; Shantikumar V. Nair; Mariyappan Shanmugam
This work examined the possibility of overcoming narrow band optical absorption of organic dyes in the range of 350–700 nm via surface plasmon effect mediated by RF-sputtered tungsten (W) thin film on mesoporous TiO 2 for dye-sensitised solar cells (DSSCs) application. The UV–visible spectroscopic measurement showed optical absorption of W-film in the spectral range of 350–700 nm with a dominant
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Generation of passively Q-switched ytterbium laser by using tungsten tri-oxide film absorber IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Ahmed Shakir Al-Hiti; Ahmed H. H. Al-Masoodi; Wei Ru Wong; Sulaiman Wadi Harun
This study experimentally demonstrates a Q-switched fibre laser using a new tungsten tri-oxide (WO 3 )-based saturable absorber (SA). Using the drop and casting approach, we managed to prepare a thin film that contained WO 3 powders in polyvinyl alcohol. A small bit of the film was used to form an SA which was placed in a ytterbium-doped fibre laser cavity to generate a Q-switched laser. The laser
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All-optical logic inverter for large-scale integration in silicon photonic circuits IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Tanmoy Datta; Mrinal Sen
A new device architecture of an all-optical logic inverter (AOLI) has been proposed in this study. The AOLI functions based on stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) in silicon nanocrystal embedded slotted photonic crystal waveguide (SPCW). The operating power and footprint size of the proposed device have significantly been scaled down to ∼1.5 mW and , respectively, by combining the benefits of giant SRS
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Evanescent wave optical fibre ammonia sensor with methylamine hydroiodide IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Subashini Thangaraj; Chandrasekar Paramasivan; Renganathan Balusamy; Stephen Arumainathan; Prakash Thanigainathan
A small portion of an optical fibre clad was removed and coated with methylamine hydroiodide by a slurry deposition process to develop an evanescent wave optical fibre ammonia sensor. The experiment was performed for a few volatile organic compounds in order to understand the selectivity and sensitivity. Prior to the gas sensing measurement, the methylamine hydroiodide sample was characterised using
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Security improved duobinary optical communication scheme through bio-inspired chaos masking scheme IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Sornalatha Ravindran; Janakiraman Nithiyanantham
In optical fibre communication system, improved modulation schemes have been proposed to increase capability and high bit rate transmission. One such technique is optical duobinary modulation, which can able to broadcast high-speed optical signals over bandwidth-limited channels. The conventional modulation schemes employ the non-return-to-zero modulation and return-to-zero modulation technique. These
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Very low-complexity filter lookup-table design with non-uniform spacing for SOA linearisation IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Mohamad Younes; Mihai Telescu; Stéphane Azou; Pascal Morel; Noël Tanguy
Non-linearities introduced by power amplifiers in communication systems have been a subject of interest for industry and academia for a long time. On one hand, the search for increased range intrinsically incites operators to boost input power. On the other hand, this leads to stronger non-linear phenomena in amplifiers, which in turn increase the bit error rate. The situation led to the emergence
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Sectorised base stations for FSO ground-to-train communications IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Nithin Mohan; Mojtaba Mansour Abadi; Zabih Ghassemlooy; Stanislav Zvanovec; Ralph Hudson; Manav R. Bhatnagar
Evolution and accessibility of smart-phones have led to a huge demand in network bandwidth. The ubiquitous use of smart-phones in high-speed trains poses a unique challenge in delivering high-speed internet service on board. This challenge can be overcome by employing free-space optics, an alternative to radio-frequency technology. Previous coverage models for ground–train communications employed single
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Proposal of novel photonic crystal fibre for sensing adulterated petrol and diesel with kerosene in terahertz frequencies IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Izaddeen Kabir Yakasai; Pg Emeroylariffion Abas; Feroza Begum
A novel liquid-core photonic crystal fibre (LC-PCF) based on the Zeonex substrate has been proposed for sensing the varying concentration of kerosene in petrol and diesel fuels in terahertz frequencies. Fuel sample infiltration is achieved by designing a single hexagon in the porous core region. The LC-PCF has been numerically studied using a finite element method. By filling the core hexagon with
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Spatial diversity techniques for non-line-of-sight ultraviolet communication systems over atmospheric turbulence channels IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-09-14 Sayed Hasan Hariq; Niyazi Odabasioglu
Rich scattering of ultraviolet signals enables the non-line-of-sight outdoor wireless connectivity and eliminates the line-of-sight requirement of free-space optical links. Besides scattering losses, ultraviolet signals also suffer from the atmospheric turbulence-induced fading. One of the strong fading mitigation techniques is the spatial diversity, which has been extensively studied in the context
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RFID over low cost VCSEL-based MMF links: experimental demonstration and distortion study IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Luis Carlos Vieira; Nathan J. Gomes; John C. Batchelor; Anthony Nkansah; Philippos Assimakopoulos; Mohamad A. Ziai
Radio-over-fibre (RoF) distributed antenna system (DAS) technology has been investigated for the distribution of ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID) signals. RoF DAS allows for reduced number of readers and centralised placement of readers which facilitates easy system maintenance, but it is important to find a low-cost solution that can achieve comparable performance to
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GaN phosphors converted white light-emitting diodes for high luminous efficacy and improved thermal stability IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Mirgender Kumar; Sunny; Anuj Kumar; Kwang-Su Seong; Si-Hyun Park
This study analysed GaN nanophosphors based white light-emitting diodes (WLEDs) with ultraviolet (UV) excitation. Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) used as a charge transfer medium to enhance the performance in terms of luminous efficacy and colour quality. The improvement in colour rendering and colour temperature has been observed with the increase in injection current. The luminous efficacy of radiation
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Performance optimisation of indoor SVD-based MIMO-OFDM optical wireless communication systems IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Jariya Panta; Poompat Saengudomlert; Karel L. Sterckx; Anh T. Pham
The performance of multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) flip-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (flip-OFDM) for indoor optical wireless communications (OWCs) is studied here. To improve the system performance in terms of the bit error rate (BER), the singular value decomposition (SVD)-based MIMO technique is applied together with the bit loading technique. The authors, especially, focus
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Double-image asymmetric cryptosystem using cylindrical diffraction and spectrum fusion and compression IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Changtao He; Zhigang Liu; Xudong Chen; Jun Wang
A double-image asymmetric cryptosystem is proposed by using cylindrical diffraction and spectrum fusion and compression in the zigzag-scanned domain of discrete cosine transform (DCT). First, each plaintext of double image is converted into spectrum coefficients (SCs) by DCT, and the SCs are zigzag scanned. Second, the first 1/4 of SCs is resized to two low-frequency images, the second 1/4 of SCs is
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Multilayer graphene on hBN substrate waveguide modulator IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Mehdi Zarepour; Abdolali Abdipour; Gholamreza Moradi
A multilayer graphene-based optical modulator is proposed in this study. The structure is made of several layers of graphene on hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), working at 193 to 200 THz (1.5 to 1.55 μm) band. In this modulator, the electric field passes through graphene layers instead of passing through the silicon waveguide, causing very low insertion losses about 4 × 10 -3 dB for 40 μm long device
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Multilevel Manchester (2 bits/symbol) coding with optical equaliser for increasing the transmission distance of high-speed fibre optic links IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Festus Idowu Oluwajobi; Dong-Nhat Nguyen; Nafizah Khan; Amin Malekmohammadi
This study accessed the performance of the four-level Manchester coding (4-MC) and four-level modified Manchester (4-MM) technique at the bit rates of 20 and 40 Gb/s for the first-order and second-order optical equalisers. The performances were evaluated with respect to bit error rate (BER), power penalty, eye diagrams, and dispersion tolerance. Based on the results by utilising the second-order optical
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Joint impact of fibre dispersion and frequency chirp on MCF-based radio-over-fibre mobile fronthaul IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Ahmed E.A. Farghal
Multicore fibre (MCF) has attracted considerable attention in mobile fronthaul networks as a promising solution to face the ever-increasing mobile traffic demand and to support network capacity scaling in a cost-effective manner. However, MCF-based systems suffer from the inter-core crosstalk (IC-XT) noise, which could incur severe performance degradation. In this study, we investigate for the first
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Design of CuIn1???yGaySe2/Si1?????????xGex Tandem solar cells with controlled current matching IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Iman Gharibshahian; Samaneh Sharbati; Ali Asghar Orouji
A tandem solar cell including of CuIn 1-y Ga y Se 2 /Si 1-x Ge x was exhibited by integrating a CuIn 1-y Ga y Se 2 solar cell on a Si1 - xGex solar cell to achieve a conversion efficiency of about 26% by controlled current matching. Electrical analyses were used to determine the performance parameters of the bottom and top sub-cells. In this work, an experimental Si 0.73 Ge 0.27 solar cell has been
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Goos???H??nchen effect in a metal-coated sidewall hybrid plasmonic multimode interference power splitter IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Rouholla Mehragha; Mahmoud Nikoufard; Hassanaen Al-Hakkak
A novel InP-based metal-coated sidewall, hybrid plasmonic multimode interference (MCS-HP-MMI) power splitter has been proposed. Based on two methods of multimode interference self-imaging and finite difference time domain simulations, a 1 × 2 MCS-HP-MMI power splitter was numerically analysed and compared with an HP-MMI power splitter with the same specifications showing 70% reduction in length due
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Stabilisation of central wavelength of erbium-doped fibre source as part of high-accuracy FOG IET Optoelectron. (IF 1.742) Pub Date : 2020-08-03 Evgenii Vostrikov; Nikita Kikilich; Yulia Zalesskaya; Artem Aleinik; Mikhail Smolovik; Ivan Deyneka; Igor Meshkovskii
The stability of the central wavelength of the erbium-doped fibre source (EDFS) is one of the most important parameters to ensure the accurate operation of navigation systems based on high-accuracy fibre optic gyroscopes (FOGs). In this study, the method of stabilisation of the EDFS as a part of the FOG is presented. The main advantage of this method is the possibility of quick and simple matching
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