Increasing the number of processing cores in the networks-on-chip in recent years has made congestion one of the most important challenges in this field. One of the best ways to solve this problem, which has greater effectiveness and less overhead, is the use of congestion-aware routing algorithm. In this algorithm, when a packet is generated, a route is selected from the minimum routes based on the

In the existing speech enhancement methods based on deep neural network (DNN), the network architectures are not designed for speech enhancement specially, which extract local features of noisy speech in a non-causal way. In this paper, inspired by the feature calculation method based on the time–frequency correlation in the improved minima controlled recursive averaging (IMCRA), by using the long

Massive open online courses (MOOCs) are a technical trend in the field of education. As the number of available MOOCs continues to grow dramatically, the difficulty for learners to find courses that satisfy their personalized learning goals has also increased. Unstructured texts, such as course descriptions and course skills, contain rich course information and are useful for MOOC platforms in constructing

Multimodal fusion is one of the popular research directions of multimodal research, and it is also an emerging research field of artificial intelligence. Multimodal fusion is aimed at taking advantage of the complementarity of heterogeneous data and providing reliable classification for the model. Multimodal data fusion is to transform data from multiple single-mode representations to a compact multimodal

Identification of JPEG compressed images saved in uncompressed format (JPEG-U images) is an important issue in forensic analysis. The state-of-the-art JPEG compression detection methods fail to identify such images when subjected to post-processing/anti-forensic operations. In this paper, we propose a novel JPEG compression detector which is robust to post-processing and anti-forensic operations. The

Different artifacts will manifest, whenever an image is compressed by a lossy compression algorithm. Higher frequency details present in the image may tend to be eliminated by compression. In certain cases, compression may introduce small image structures and noise. This phenomenon will limit the image quality thereby making images to appear much less pleasant to the human eye. Furthermore, other machine

This paper presents a novel IEEE 802.16e (WiMAX) based decoder that performs close to the 5G code but without the expensive hardware re-development cost. The design uses an extension of the existing WiMAX parity check code to reduce the initial decoding latency and power consumption while keeping the decoder throughput at maximum. It achieves similar Frame Error Rate (FER) compared to 5G (0.1 dB off)

A heterogeneous sensor network offers an extremely effective means of communicating with the international community, first responders, and humanitarian assistance agencies as long as affected populations have access to the Internet during disasters. When communication networks fail in an emergency situation, a challenge emerges when emergency services try to communicate with each other. In such situations

In densely populated urban centers, planning optimized capacity for the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond wireless networks is a challenging task. In this paper, we propose a mathematical framework for the planning capacity of a 5G and beyond wireless networks. We considered a single-hop wireless network consists of base stations (BSs), relay stations (RSs), and user equipment (UEs). Wireless network

Attacks from network applications establish considerable security threats for computer networks and end users. Existing cyber-attack detection methods are designed primarily in signature-based approaches that can not recognize zero-day vulnerabilities. In addition, with the minimum availability of network attack data in the real world, the effectiveness of such approaches is even more limited. Today

In this paper, device to device (D2D) network is studied to support transmission in close distance among group of two users. Such two users benefit from new technique of multiple access, namely non-orthogonal multiple access. Two modes of D2D are considered, such as direct and relay links. Energy harvesting and design of multiple antennas have main impacts on system performance. We derive the closed-form

The rapid increase in the number of devices associated with the cellular network; fulfilling their demands is one of the significant challenges for next-generation networks (5G). The existing schemes improve the network throughput by allowing to share the channels between the cellular user (CU) and device-to-device (D2D) users in one-to-one or one-to-many manners. However, none of the existing schemes

The FBMC generation techniques are found to surmount the disadvantages of the IFFT/FFT based OFDM system. The minimization of PAPR is a much sought after solution by all multi-carrier methods. This paper investigates the possibility of a unified approach for error control coding and PAPR minimization in an FBMC-OQAM system. A new coding procedure called Constrained Message Length (CML) coding is presented

The article investigates the performance of planar and compact CPW-fed microstrip patch antenna that offers 10 dB impedance bandwidth over the wide frequency range between 2.59 and 7.61 GHz. The parametric analysis of various design variables is included to acquire the final design of proposed antenna. The prototype exemplary of designed antenna is experimentally tested to obtain the return loss, VSWR

The standard IEEE 802.15.4 fails to perform optimally for railway monitoring applications due to the deficiency of guaranteed time slots (GTSs). In the present work, an adaptive GTS allocation algorithm (AGAA) is proposed which efficiently deals with a deficiency of GTSs and slot underutilization problem. The proposed AGAA algorithm saves unutilized bandwidth of GTS and the saved bandwidth is utilized

In transmit-reference (TR) receivers, noise in the reference (pilot) pulse causes a noise × noise term in the decision statistic. This term severely degrades receiver performance. We propose a detection algorithm to decrease the noise in the reference pulse in TR receivers. Computer simulations show that at BER = 10−5, the proposed algorithm outperforms the existing algorithm by about 0.8 dB in both

This work addresses the fixed‐time fault tolerant control problem for nonstrict feedback switched nonlinear systems whose subsystems have chained integrators with positive odd rational powers. Besides, the powers of different channels and switched subsystems can be also possibly different. The fixed‐time fault tolerant control law is formulated after using the adding one power integrator method, homogeneous

In vehicle-to-network (V2N) communication, it is a great challenge to remain the communication performance of vehicles at all times in case of the mobility of vehicles. This paper investigates a novel architecture of unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted V2N communication, where UAV with caching serves as a carrier of flying base station to jointly communicate with vehicles. The optimization problem

This paper investigates a secure wireless-powered sensor network (WPSN) with the aid of a cooperative jammer (CJ). A power station (PS) wirelessly charges for a user equipment (UE) and the CJ to securely transmit information to an access point (AP) in the presence of multiple eavesdroppers. Also, the CJ are deployed, which can introduce more interference to degrade the performance of the malicious

In order to improve the strength of civil engineering structure, a semiactive control model of civil engineering structure based on neural network is proposed, and the control constraint parameter model of semiactive regulation of civil engineering structure is constructed. Combined with the controlled object model, the semiactive control model of civil engineering structure is designed, the mechanical

This article aims to investigate the performance of the IEEE 802.11-based tree-topology network, where a wireless node is within the others’ carrier sensing ranges. In such a network, the concurrent transmission is a dominant cause of frame collisions. Moreover, the relay nodes (RN) (i.e., in the tree) likely cause the coexistence of non-saturated and saturated nodes in the networks. Those conditions

The internet of things (IoT) is the network of physical devices embedded with types of equipment which enables them to connect and exchange data. The IoT will provide an excellent chance for the integration of the physical world into computer-based systems. Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are considered as a critical component of IoT networks, and user authentication is a cardinal issue in WSNs. Recently

For the optimal performance of wireless sensor networks in different areas of applications needs to maximize the coverage area of sensor nodes. The coverage of sensor nodes in monitoring region can be improved by using efficient node deployment algorithms. In this paper node deployment based on bat algorithm (BA) is proposed to enhance the coverage rate of nodes. Each bat describes solution for deployment

In this paper, a wearable medical sensor system is designed for long-term healthcare applications. This system is used for monitoring temperature, heartbeat, blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), and the acceleration of a human body in real-time. This system consists of a temperature sensor, a pulse oximeter sensor, an accelerometer sensor, a microcontroller unit, and a Bluetooth low energy module. Batteries

Interest in wideband and medium distance underwater acoustic communication systems is increasing due to the practical application of underwater Internet of Things (IoT) networks. In this paper, we propose a simplified empirical channel model for the medium distance underwater acoustic channels based on real measurement results. The simple and tractable channel model is critical for the development

Low peak-to-average-power ratio (PAPR) transmissions significantly improve the cell coverage as they enable high power transmissions without saturating the power amplifier. To support the low PAPR transmissions, π/2-BPSK-based data and DMRS are introduced in the latest version of 5G NR specifications. In addition to that, the spatial multiplexing support is also extended to π/2-BPSK data transmissions

Recently, researchers and practitioners in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are focusing on energy-oriented communication and computing considering next-generation smaller and tiny wireless devices. The tiny sensor-enabled devices will be used for the purpose of sensing, computing, and wireless communication. The hundreds/thousands of WSNs sensors are used to monitor specific activities and report events

Direction of arrival (DOA) estimation has been discussed extensively in the array signal processing field. In this paper, the authors focus on the multi-source DOA information which is defined as the mutual information between the DOA and the received signal contaminated by complex additive white Gaussian noise. A theoretical expression of DOA information with multiple sources is derived for the uniform

A secure and flexible communication infrastructure for the use of broadband and IP‐based services is becoming more and more important in the context of Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR). Government agencies and emergency responders need to be able to react quickly to emergencies across the globe. In particular, satellite‐based 5G mobile networks can support government agencies during their

This Special Issue of the IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems (JETCAS) is dedicated to investigate the latest research about the topic of communication-aware AI subsystems and accelerators. Because of the complex communication, extensive computations, and massive storage requirements, the demand of communication-aware AI designs has been increased in recent years.

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have shown significant advantages in many domains, such as pattern recognition, prediction, and control optimization. The edge computing demand in the Internet-of-Things (IoTs) era has motivated many kinds of computing platforms to accelerate DNN operations. However, due to the massive parallel processing, the performance of the current large-scale artificial neural network

This article presents a communication-aware processing-in-memory deep neural network accelerator, which implements an in-memory entry-counting scheme for low bit-width quantized multiplication-and-accumulations (MACs). To maintain good accuracy on ImageNet, the proposed design adopts a full-stack co-design methodology, from algorithms, circuits to architectures. In the algorithm level, an entry-counting

In state-of-the-art deep neural network (DNN), the layer-wise activation maps leads to significant data movement in hardware accelerators operating on real-time streaming inputs. We explore an architecture-aware algorithmic approach to reduce data movement and the resulting latency and power consumption. This article presents an attention-based feedback for controlling input data, referred to as the

Machine Learning (ML) workloads being memory- and compute-intensive, consume large amounts of power running on conventional computing systems, restricting their implementations to large-scale data centers. Transferring large amounts of data from the edge devices to the data centers is not only energy expensive, but sometimes undesirable in security-critical applications. Thus, there is a need for building

In this article, we propose an energy-efficient convolutional neural network (CNN) based super-resolution (SR) processor, super-resolution neural processing unit (SRNPU), for mobile applications. Traditionally, it is hard to realize real-time CNN-based SR on resource-limited platforms like mobile devices due to its massive amount of computation workload and communication bandwidth with external memory

In the last years, Convolutional Neural networks (CNNs) found applications in many fields from computer vision to speech recognition, showing outstanding results in terms of accuracy. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) proved to be a promising platform for running CNN algorithms because they offer a remarkable trade-off between power consumption and computational power. However, an efficient implementation

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are extensively used in a wide range of applications, commonly including computer vision tasks like image and video classification, recognition and segmentation. Recent research results demonstrate that multi-layer (deep) network involving mono-dimensional convolutions and dilation can be effectively used in time series and sequences classification and segmentation

In-memory computing reduces latency and energy consumption of Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) by reducing the number of off-chip memory accesses. However, crossbar-based in-memory computing may significantly increase the volume of on-chip communication since the weights and activations are on-chip. State-of-the-art interconnect methodologies for in-memory computing deploy a bus-based network or mesh-based

The superiority of various Deep Neural Networks (DNN) models, such as Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN), Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN), and Recurrent Neural Networks (RNN), has been proven in various real-world applications and has received much attention. However, different DNN models include various types of operations. For example, CNN models are usually composed of convolutional layers

Suffering from both high computational complexity and high memory bandwidth is the major challenge in realizing the deep neural network in low-power for real-time applications. Binarizing the feature maps as well as the filter coefficients in deep neural network is an efficient way to reduce the high power consumption in deep learning object detection, however, it greatly scarifies the detection accuracy

This paper presents a performance analysis of a wideband low noise amplifier (LNA) that utilizes a 65nm CMOS Samsung mm-wave process. The proposed CMOS LNA designed with new built-in techniques will overcome the challenges faced by device parasitic and electromagnetic (EM) losses. A suspended substrate line (SSL) is characterized and analyzed with its dual-band operation and achieves excellent EM compatibility

We address the problem of suppressing musical noise from speech enhanced using a short-time processing algorithm. Enhancement algorithms rely on noise statistics and errors in estimating the statistics lead to residual noise in the enhanced signal. A frequently encountered residual noise type is the so-called musical noise, which is a consequence of spurious peaks occurring at random locations in the

Android system has been one of the main targets of hacker attacks for a long time. At present, it is faced with security risks such as privilege escalation attacks, image tampering, and malicious programs. In view of the above risks, the current detection of the application layer can no longer guarantee the security of the Android system. The security of mobile terminals needs to be fully protected

The sending/receiving of data (data communication) is the most power consuming in wireless sensor networks (WSN) since the sensor nodes are depending on batteries not generally rechargeable characterized by limited capacity. Data compression is among the techniques that can help to reduce the amount of the exchanged data between wireless sensor nodes resulting in power saving. Nevertheless, there is

Drastic changes in network topology of Flying Ad Hoc Networks (FANETs) result in the instability of the single-hop delay and link status accordingly. Therefore, it is difficult to implement the congestion control with delay-sensitive traffic according to the instantaneous link status. To solve the above difficulty effectively, we formulate the delay-aware congestion control as a network utility maximization

In this paper, a lightweight attribute-based security scheme based on elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) is proposed for fog-enabled cyber physical systems (Fog-CPS). A novel aspect of the proposed scheme is that the communication between Fog-CPS entities is secure even when the certification authority (CA) is compromised. This is achieved by dividing the attributes into two sets, namely, secret and

Water quality monitoring (WQM) systems seek to ensure high data precision, data accuracy, timely reporting, easy accessibility of data, and completeness. The conventional monitoring systems are inadequate when used to detect contaminants/pollutants in real time and cannot meet the stringent requirements of high precision for WQM systems. In this work, we employed the different types of wireless sensor

In this work, we propose a new sliding mode controller based on a reference model for controlling data transmission rates in a connection‐oriented communication network. In the proposed approach, we build a model of the network, which is controlled by a linear quadratic (LQ) optimal controller. Then, the sliding variable of the real network is forced to follow the reference sliding variable generated

We propose a method to substantially reduce the computational complexity of iterative decoders of low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes which are based on the weighted bit-flipping (WBF) algorithm. In this method, the WBF-based decoders are modified so that the flipping function is calculated only over a reduced set of variable nodes. An explicit expression for the achieved complexity gain is provided

Flying ad hoc network (FANET) is a promising and special mobile Ad hoc network, connecting large number of flying unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) on battlefield through wireless link. Designing a multi-priority traffic differentiated medium access control (MAC) protocol with low delay, large capacity, high flexibility, and strong scalability is a great challenge in the researches and applications of

In this paper, a novel Poisson hole process (PHP) modeling of wireless networks is proposed. Contrary to the prior PHP models with circular-shaped holes, we utilized circular sector holes in a random direction to capture the spatial separation between tiers in a millimeter wave (mmWave) heterogeneous cellular network (HCN). In this case, small cell base stations and macrocell base stations are distributed

Ensuring security in a communication network is one of the underlying challenges of wireless sensor network due to critical operational constraints. Wireless sensor network (WSN) is an easy target of malware (worm, virus, malicious code, etc.) attacks due to weak security mechanism. Malware propagation outsets from a compromised sensor node and spreads in the whole WSN using wireless communication

This paper presents the analysis of spherical–rectangular patches using both cavity method and method of moments. A detailed procedure of cavity method is presented, including the field distribution inside the cavity, equivalent magnetic current distributions, radiation fields, effective loss tangent, and input impedance. A new fringing field correction is proposed taking into account the curvature

Graphene-based photodetectors have been caught in the spotlight of optoelectronics devices and they are significant candidates for tunable detectors. Unfortunately, little reports are presented for absorption enhancement in near-infrared range. Therefore, here, a graphene-based photodetector with plasmonic structure consisting of Silicon and SiO2 substrate, graphene layer, and metal nano-grating in

This paper presents a built-in input matching technique capable of handling a wide variation of multi-array thermoelectric generator (TEG) impedances, from 5 Ω to 2.7 KΩ, which is called internal-resistance-adaptive (IRA) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique. The IRA circuit and delay synthesis circuit in the IRA-MPPT can track the dynamic changes of the internal resistance of the energy source

Wireless devices integrating more and more features in ever-smaller packages have become integral part of everyone’s daily life. These systems have seen a continuous push to profit from digital signal processing techniques, in which signals are no longer traditional continuous amplitude and/or phase-modulated carriers, but became pulsed waveforms where the amplitude and/or phase are coded in some on-off