In this paper, a channel estimation method based on reduced dimension decomposition for millimeter-wave massive MIMO systems is proposed. For the sake of obtaining the high accuracy of the estimation, we decompose the channel matrix estimation into angle information and channel gain information estimation. The received signals are decomposed by dimensionality reduction so that the angles of the receiving

In practical engineering, the communication networks of industrial systems are complex, and system models are generally unavailable. To overcome the requirement of mathematical models, several artificial-intelligence-based algorithms in multi-access edge computing are introduced for the performance optimization control of a benchmark microgrid in this paper. First, a neural-network-based identification

Under the background of mass entrepreneurship, academic entrepreneurship activities in universities are booming. DEA model is used to analyze the input-output data of academic entrepreneurship in colleges and universities in 2012 and 2016. According to the validity of the input-output data of academic entrepreneurship in different regions, the differences in efficiency between regions are compared

The dependence of input impedances of vibrator and microstrip antennas on the profile of the primary field is investigated using the analytical inversion of the main hypersingular operator and the explicit form of the inverse integral operator. General patterns in the behavior of input resistances for arbitrary primary fields were found. Numerical calculations were performed and agreement with theoretical

The conductivity of epitaxial diamond films lightly doped with boron has been studied at strong electric fields up to ~5 × 105 V/ cm. It is shown that field ionization of boron acceptors in diamond at room temperature, because of the low concentration of free holes and the high binding energy of boron, occurs due to the Frenkel–Poole effect.

Abstract In this paper, we study EBG-waveguides in an electromagnetic crystal in the form of a two-dimensionally periodic lattice of metal cylinders with a triangular grid. The dispersion characteristics of waveguides formed by removing one, two, and three rows of cylinders along the orthogonal axes of the crystal are obtained. A parametric analysis of the critical frequencies of the waveguide modes

Abstract In this paper, we consider a two-dimensional problem of determining the equivalent surface impedance of an infinite array of slot impedance loads with a dielectric layer. Each element of the array contains three regions: the first region occupies the entire half-space above the interface and the primary field is excited in this region by a plane wave; the second region does not contain excitation

Using broadband acoustic resonator spectroscopy, an almost twofold increase in the frequency of optimal excitation of the composite microwave resonator of shear bulk acoustic waves is found when the distance from the substrate to the magnetron axis during the deposition of a ZnO film by magnetron sputtering is changed. The frequency characteristics of the resonator structure are simulated and an explanation

Abstract In this paper, the extended Kudryashov’s method has been successfully implemented to obtain optical solitons and other solutions to Kudryashov’s model in fiber Bragg gratings. Dark and singular optical solitons emerge from the scheme along with their respective existence criteria.

Two fragments of a fiber-optic data transmission line are considered round and elliptical (at the junction) in their cross section. For a single-mode operation, analytical expressions are obtained for the energy losses when connecting two such fragments. It is shown that energy losses increase with increasing eccentricity and simultaneously decrease with increasing waveguide number.

Abstract In this paper, we describe some algorithms for generating and receiving structures based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals that are robust to spectrum-concentrated interference. The algorithm for receiving these signal structures in the presence of spectrum-concentrated interference is based on weight functions. We also present the results of investigating Kravchenko

Abstract On the basis of the consideration of a boundary value problem for the associated Helmholtz equation it is shown that the existence of improper waves as oscillations attached to a source is possible in inhomogeneous guiding structures. It is suggested to interpret such boundary value problem as a self-consistent problem, because the inverse field influence on a source is taken into account

Abstract The guidance method on a separate target within a dense group for the implementation of trajectory control is proposed. This control technique solves the problem of transition from the typical angle resolution determined by the width of the directional pattern to the Doppler frequency resolution based on the Doppler beam sharpening effect with subsequent minimization of the current miss. The

Abstract Enhanced array performance can be achieved by increasing number of array elements but at the cost of increased side lobe levels. These sidelobes can be supressed by integrating graphene oxide based electromagnetic absorbers along with antenna array on a single substrate. Absorbers can effectively reduce the side lobe levels of array by absorbing their interelement coupling waves, the ambient

Abstract Application of the acousto-optic (AO) Bragg diffraction in the processing of 2D images is analyzed. It is shown that conventional Bragg diffraction can be used for 2D processing provided that the zero-order diffraction is supplemented with the diffraction to an additional (side) order. A 2D contour of an optical image is experimentally detected using the first-order diffraction of radiation

Abstract We have developed an analytical technique for synthesizing a leaky-wave antenna in the form of an irregular hollow rectangular metal waveguide with a narrow wall in the form of an array of circular metal cylinders using an approximate expression for the reflection coefficient of a plane wave from a fine-periodic lattice of circular metal cylinders and the dispersion equation for a waveguide

Abstract Principles of the method of fundamental components that makes it possible to derive heuristic analytical formulas for the problem of diffraction of electromagnetic waves are presented. Mathematically rigorous 2D and 3D solutions of the simplest diffraction problems are used to obtain several fundamental components that are physically interpreted as components of rigorous solutions. A relationship

Abstract— The article considers the problem of automatic segmentation of a speech signal into phonetic units in conditions of their a priori uncertain spectral composition and correlation properties. A guaranteed significance level criterion is developed based on the information–theoretic approach. An example of practical application of this criterion is considered; a full-scale experiment is set up

A two-block model of a digital corrector is proposed for linearization of an analog radio path with a nonlinear characteristic and frequency-dependent mismatch of the modulator quadrature channels. Using the stochastic gradient method and the recursive least squares method, the problem of identifying each block of a given model on the basis of once measured data is solved. A comparative analysis of

Abstract Organic films based on extracts of the biomass of basidiomycete strain Ganoderma lucidum are proposed to use as sensor coatings for acoustic gas sensors based on a layered Me1/AlN/Me2/diamond microwave acoustic resonator. A biomass of basidiomycetes is obtained by submerged cultivation in a selected liquid nutrient medium after which biomass extracts are obtained using two-component solvent

With the advancement of network technology and large-scale computing, distributed data streams have been widely used in the application of financial risk analysis. However, while data mining reveals financial models, it also increasingly poses a threat to privacy. Therefore, how to prevent privacy leakage during the efficient mining process poses new challenges to the data mining technology. This article

In this paper, new pilot insertion techniques that make use of index modulation (IM) idea for channel estimation (CE) are proposed for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. These techniques not only perform CE but also convey additional bits. Simulation results show that the performance of the proposed schemes are very close to the performance of the classical pilot symbol-assisted

It is well known that the fundamental fractional exponential matrix (FFEM) is closely related to the formal solution of the homogeneous and non-homogeneous linear time-conformable fractional dynamical differential system (LT-CFDDS) with delay in control and it also plays a central role in the solutions of any other (matrix) fractional differential system (FDS). In this paper, we present several new

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To date, the Medical Internet of Things (MIoT) technology has been recognized and widely applied due to its convenience and practicality. The MIoT enables the application of machine learning to predict diseases of various kinds automatically and accurately, assisting and facilitating effective and efficient medical treatment. However, the MIoT are vulnerable to cyberattacks which have been constantly

-shape acceleration and deceleration are the most widely used flexible acceleration and deceleration method in the current CNC system, but its velocity solution equation contains irrational terms, which create a more complicated solution process. When analyzing the solution process of the -shape acceleration and deceleration directly, using a traditional numerical solution method, the phenomenon of

With the advance of optimization and merger colleges and universities, a university often contains more than one campus. The traditional centralized education management system has been unable to meet the needs of use. The model detects the intrusion by dividing the clusters in the clustering result into normal clusters and abnormal clusters and analyzing the weighted average density of object to be

In order to improve the utilization rate of agricultural big data and solve the security issues problem of multisource and heterogeneous agricultural big data, an improved agricultural big data ant colony optimization algorithm (BigDataACO) is proposed to complete the multisource agricultural big data information in the feature layer and decision-making, and the problem of multisource data fusion was

In this work, we introduce a dual transformation network for single image contrast enhancement, which usually aims to improve global contrast and enrich local details. To this end, we propose two parallel branches to respectively handle the two goals by learning different kinds of transformations. Specifically, one branch aims to construct a global transformation curve to improve global contrast, while

Recent end-to-end (e2e) speech synthesis systems usually employ attention techniques to align an input text sequence against a mel-spectrogram sequence. Attention-based e2e approach has shown state-of-the-art performance in speech synthesis. However, generating stable and robust attention alignment to avoid some serious failures such as repeating, missing, and mumbling phones is still an ongoing challenge

This letter proposes a multi-frame super-resolution framework by combining Demons registration with Bayesian-based regularized reconstruction. For both of our proposals, D-BTVIR and D-IRWIR, the visual analysis shows improvements in regions where the compared methods produced results with either motion-artifacts or over-smoothed aspect due to misregistration. Quantitative results on simulated deformations

As a smart visual attention mechanism to analyze visual scenes, visual saliency has been shown to closely correlate with semantic information such as faces. Although many semantic-information-guided saliency models have been proposed, to the best of our knowledge, no semantic information in affective domain has been employed for saliency detection. Aesthetic, the affective perceptual quality that integrates

Recurrent neural network transducers (RNN-T) are a promising end-to-end speech recognition framework that transduce input acoustic frames to a character sequence. Best- and breadth-first searches have been used as decoding strategies for RNN-T. However, best-first search follows a sequential process for its expansion search, which slows down the decoding process. Although breadth-first search replaces

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs), which have been the state-of-the-art in many image-related applications, are prone to losing important spatial information between image instances. Capsule networks (CapsNets), on the other hand, are capable of leveraging such information through their routing by agreement process, making them powerful architectures for small datasets, such as medical imaging ones

The diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) in the presence of other cardiac diseases having similar electrocardiogram (ECG) characteristics that of MI is a challenging problem. Existing automated methods have used the standard 12-lead ECG to detect MI from healthy controls (HC). However, these methods may not provide reliable MI diagnosis in the presence of mimicking MI diseases. Therefore, in this

High-dimensional small sample size problems exist in the real world, which significantly increases the difficulty of data processing. In this paper, we propose a kernel-based within class collaborative preserving discriminant projection method to reduce data dimensionality. In order to deal with nonlinear problems and improve the discrimination of the projection subspace, the proposed method preserves

A nuclear submarine has significant performance advantages over the conventional diesel-electric submarine. Its powerful nuclear propulsion can be operated independently of air and does not require refueling throughout the 25-year life span. Recent progresses of medium voltage direct current (MVDC) techniques applied in industry push the energy-saving and extremely long-time operation to a new stage

Illumination LEDs, but also infrared LEDs have limited bandwidth. To achieve high throughput, one needs to modulate the LED significantly above its 3 dB bandwidth. Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is a popular modulation technique to cope with the frequency selectivity of the LED channel. In this article, we challenge whether its large Peak-to-Average-Power Ratio (PAPR) and resulting

Due to the dramatic increase in wireless data traffic and the associated increase in energy consumption, designing energy-efficient wireless networks with improved spectral efficiency is a pressing concern. The focus of this article is the design of a green, highly energy-efficient cellular heterogeneous network (HetNet) by taking advantage of multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) structure and deployment

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) and multiple-input single-output (MISO) schemes have yielded promising results in free space optical (FSO) communications by providing diversity against fading of the received signal intensity. In this article, we have analyzed the probability of error performance of a muliple-input single-output (MISO) free-space optical channel that employs array(s) of detectors

Image plays an irreplaceable role compared with the text and sound in the underwater data collection and transmission researches. However, it suffers from the limited bandwidth of the underwater acoustic communication which can not afford the large image data. Compressing the image data before transmission is an inevitable process in the underwater image communication. As usual, the natural image compression

A new method for the polygonal approximation is presented. The method is based on the search for break points through a context-free grammar, that accepts digital straight segments with loss of information, as well as the decrease in the error committed employing the comparison of a tolerable error. We present an application of our method to different sets of objects widely used, as well as a comparison

The challenge of joint detection and tracking of multiple extended targets (ETs) arises in many radar applications, especially for extended stealth targets (ESTs) with small signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Recently, the multi-Bernoulli (MB) filter-based random matrix model (RMM) has been proposed for tracking ellipsoidal ETs. The MB-RMM filter depends on the measurements (position and range rate), which

An advanced algorithm is introduced to enhance the efficiency in measuring vegetation parameters using L-band polarimetric synthetic aperture radar interferometry data. In this method, the combination of the eigenvalue decomposition technique and the coherence matrix optimization method is to achieve higher accuracy for ground phase estimation. Then an exhaustive search method based on the optimal

Trans‐epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) is a widely used non‐invasive and label‐free measurement to evaluate the barrier function of mono‐layered cells in real‐time. However, TEER values depend on distribution of electric current densities generated by a combination of shapes and arrangements of plane electrodes for performing TEER, but until now, there is no systematical analysis of their effects

This paper presents a reconfigurable frequency response masking (FRM) wideband channelizer architecture which is characterized by low computational and hardware complexity. The proposed hardware efficient architecture is realized by incorporating resource shared non-maximally decimated filter bank in the implementation of the FRM wideband channelizer structure. The coefficients of the proposed architecture

In this paper, a new 10-bit 1.2 GS/s hybrid digital to analog converter (DAC) simulated in 65 nm CMOS technology is presented. The new structure benefits from a combination of a resistor ladder and current sources. By using the resistor ladder, the identical current sources are weighted, which leads to remarkably reduce the number of current sources needed for realization a 10-bit DAC. Post layout

Unlike conventional decoupling technologies that merely concern antenna characteristics in a limited range of frequency, this paper proposes a novel hybrid wideband structure to decouple ultra-wideband (UWB) quasi-Yagi antenna array. With the demand of achieving trade-off between mutual coupling and gain in the entire operating band, the evolution of the configuration is meticulously conducted by introducing

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