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The articles in this special section focus on resilient and compact power trains for on-the-move electrical energy techniques. On-the-move electrical energy technologies typically operate off the grid with no or minimal interaction with the utility network. These systems should therefore be light and compact to minimize power consumption and increase the operational time in transportation applications

Although conventional dual-active-bridge (DAB) dc–dc converters have been applied in more-electric aircraft, the maximum transmission power of conventional DAB converters is still limited by its structure. In order to increase the maximum transmission power, this article proposes a novel interleaved parallel bidirectional DAB converter. Two bidirectional buck/boost converters are applied in low-voltage

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The articles in this special section focus on advanced motion control for mechatronic applications with precision and force requirements. Motion control is concerned with all the issues arising in the control of the movement of a physical device. This means that MC is not limited to the use of proper devices for sensing and actuation, in addition to suitable control algorithms, but it also deals with

Force sensorless control with voice coil motor (VCM) is thought to be challenging because its thrust constant fluctuation characteristic and the flexible flat cable connected to the moving coil degrade the estimation accuracy. Modeling methods of thrust constant fluctuation have been proposed in previous studies. However, these methods were time consuming, easily affected by friction, and did not consider

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This article proposes a novel model predictive control for a three-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) with enhanced robustness against parameter variation and higher current control precision. First, the extended set of voltage vectors are adopted to increase the current control precision. Then, the parameter sensitivity problem is avoided in the first stage using an indirect reference

This article presents a novel estimation method of the external force in linear series elastic actuators (SEAs). Conventionally, such force is estimated through the deflection of an elastic element, placed between motor and end-effector in SEAs (measured using two encoders). However, in some applications (e.g., wearable devices), it is difficult to mount a load-side encoder, due to cost or manufacturing

This article offers a new insight to the achievable stiffness limitation of the impedance control of series elastic actuators (SEAs) by suggesting a comparative analysis of energy ports and passivity control framework at the energy port to enhance the maximum achievable rendered stiffness of SEAs. To this end, it is explored that SEAs have two different port definitions to assess energy and passivity

Presents corrections to the above named paper.

The conventional force control has proposed load-side torque control based on the resonance ratio control (RRC) enhanced by an instantaneous state observer using the acceleration sensor; however, environmental stiffness variation ( $K_e$ variation) is not considered in such systems. This article evaluates the robust stability of the conventional method based on open-loop characteristics and the stability

The speed regulation problem of permanent magnet synchronous motor system is investigated under a noncascade structure. Despite its superiority in straightforward control design, simple parameter adjustment, and satisfying system dynamic performance, the structure brings two problems: the overcurrent protection and unmatched disturbance rejection. Under this structure, the current cannot any more be

Integrated charging for electric vehicles (EVs) is considered as a good transitional scheme to expand the mileage range under the battery capacity limit. It can save the costs and reduce the volume by replacing the on-board charger, and can increase the charging power by reusing the high power propulsion system. Then, the charging and propulsion system will therefore be light and compact. As the charging

This article proposes a predictive position control method of planar motors using trajectory gradient soft constraint with attenuation coefficients in the weighting matrix to achieve high-precision, time-varying, and long-stroke positioning. Based on a built dynamics model of a planar motor developed in the laboratory, a predictive model is established to predict the future positions of the motor.

The various structures and working conditions make gearbox fault recognition (GFR) more challenging. This article presents a new penalty domain selection machine (PDSM) enabled transfer learning for GFR study. The domain selection rules are designed using the band-selective independent component analysis to obtain the relation between different sensor locations and fault components for signal separation

The conventional model predictive control (MPC) suffers from high common-mode voltage (CMV) magnitude and large current ripples. In this article, the reduced CMV MPC strategy with double vector (RCMV-MPCDV) is proposed for three-level inverters, which adopts double vector to reduce the CMV and current ripples simultaneously in per-sampling period. First, based on geometric relationship of median, a

In this article, we propose a predictive model technique based on combined control for distributed generation unit (DGU) driven by the uncontrolled prime mover. The DGU constitutes of a permanent magnet synchronous generator, along with back-to-back converter, and is operated to supply distributed load at fixed voltage and frequency. The model predictive control is developed by using two cost functions

An integrated motor-drive and battery- (IMB) charging system based on the split-field-winding doubly salient electromagnetic machine (DSEM) is proposed in this article, where field winding of DSEM is integrated as the filter inductance of the front-end dc–dc converter. In the driving mode, the coupling relationship between the front-end dc–dc converter and rear-end inverter for DSEM is deduced, and

This article proposes a distributed control method for networked manipulators to cooperatively transport an unmodeled object without force measurement. First, we design an adaptive neural network control algorithm, based on the wavelet neural network, to estimate unknown system dynamics. A novel task-space synchronization control is studied with triggering condition for the network under time-varying

A voltage-quadrupler interleaved bidirectional dc–dc converter with intrinsic equal current sharing is presented in this article. The proposed converter offers a wide voltage conversion ratio, which makes it suitable for interconnecting the energy storage unit with dc bus for electric vehicle applications. A high voltage gain and low voltage stress across switches are achieved by adopting the capacitive

Direct drive tubular linear actuators (TLAs) may be used in various applications that require fast movements and high-precision positioning, e.g., pick-and-place robots. This article presents the analysis, dynamic electromechanical model derivation, controller design, and system operation of a TLA with integrated magnetic bearings (MBs). Furthermore, the actuator operation is verified with extensive

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Due to the increasing impacts of ships pollutants on the environment and the preventive laws that are tightening every day, the utilization of all-electric ships is a recent emerging technology. Being a promising technology, the usage of fuel cells as the main energy resource of marine vessels is an interesting choice. In this article, an all-electric hybrid energy system with zero emission based on

To simultaneously achieve accurate tracking error prediction, rigorous motion accuracy, and certain robustness to parameter variations and unknown disturbances, this article proposes a data-based learning adaptive robust control (LARC) strategy based on gated recurrent unit (GRU) neural network. Firstly, parameter adaptive control and robust control are utilized to guarantee the robustness against

This article presents to develop a robust control system of spherical motion platform (SMP) capable of controlling six-degree-of-freedom motion, particularly unlimited rotational motion for better virtual reality. The SMP is the new design of a motion manipulator/simulator driven by the frictional force between a set of spherical wheels and cockpit sphere. However, it has intrinsic difficulties in

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Transmission lines and rotating machines that widely exist in power systems should be accurately modeled in real-time electromagnetic transient (EMT) simulation for obtaining precise results for hardware-in-the-loop applications. In the conventional EMT simulator, the time-step is fixed, which may lead to inefficiencies when the time constants of the system change. The adaptive time-stepping (ATS)

In this article, a decentralized energy management strategy (EMS), which is derived from the conventional droop control, is proposed for the auxiliary power unit composed of multiple fuel cells (FCs) and supercapacitors (SCs) of a more electric aircraft. By utilizing a virtual inductor droop scheme to the FC converter and a virtual resistor droop scheme to the SC converter, the proposed EMS is able

A power electronic converter based transmission line emulator (TLE) is presented in this paper. The TLE can emulate medium and long lines in steady-state and symmetrical faults occurring at any point in the line. A traveling wave based numerical scheme for the emulation of the line is identified and then implemented on a novel digital architecture in the field-programmable gate array part of a system

Modular multilevel converters (MMC) are complex systems, composed of many elements, and exposed to critical load demands in some cases. Thereby, a detailed design of its components is of preeminent importance to achieve a high system-level reliability. However, the high number of devices challenges the tradeoff between cost and reliability. This article, introduces a reliability-oriented design methodology

It is necessary to suppress the emission level of conducted electromagnetic interference (EMI) for the power electronics converters, and the variable switching frequency pulsewidth modulation (VSFPWM) is an alternative approach to reduce conducted EMI without adding bulky passive components. However, the experimental results indicate that many obvious EMI spikes in spectrum remain so that the conducted

Two novel floating capacitor voltage balancing schemes are proposed in this article, which enhance the linear modulation range of single-source seven-level inverters having floating capacitor fed H-bridge units. Extreme pole voltage levels associated with cascaded H-bridge units can be used for enhancing dc bus utilization. But, these pole voltage levels lack redundant switching states, which limits

The use of rotary assembly platforms is common in several automation applications, such as in bottle filling and capping systems. One of the problems that designers have to address is how to supply the electric actuators, sensors, and process controllers located on the rotating disk of the machine. The traditional solution is to use slip-ring contacts. However, they suffer from aging, and thus, a scheduled

Permanent magnet magnetic geared machine (PM-MGM) is widely researched as a potential core component of electrical continuously variable transmission system. Due to the dual mechanical port structure, back electromotive force (EMF) characteristics of PM-MGMs are quite different from that of conventional permanent magnet (PM) machines. In this article, back EMF harmonic features of PM-MGMs are thoroughly

This article investigates an enhanced model predictive torque control (MPTC) strategy to improve the fault-tolerant capability of a five-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor drive under open-circuit fault operation. The conventional fault-tolerant MPTC is focused on the control of the stator flux amplitude and the torque in the fundamental subspace, suffering from the influences of the unregulated

To improve the power quality of dc traction power supply system (DC-TPSS), a magnetic-integrated multipulse rectifier transformer (MI-MPRT) with a tight impedance equalizing strategy is proposed in this article. The configuration and winding-arrangement of MI-MPRT are introduced, and by integrating multiple windings on a same iron core, the volume and cost of the proposed transformer can be decreased

The recent emergence of wide bandgap power devices enables higher switching frequencies in electric motor drives. The subsequent possibility for higher efficiency and smaller size requires accurate prediction of harmonic losses in motors. Therefore, in this article, an original analysis of harmonic losses arising in inverter-fed two-pole slotless permanent-magnet machines with axially segmented ring

This article deals with the design and laboratory implementation of a full-scale physical simulator of an all-silicon carbide (SiC) traction motor drive for light-rail transit systems (LRTS) with onboard supercapacitor energy storage system (ESS). It consists of a pulsewidth modulation (PWM) rectifier representing the 750 V dc catenary line, a three-phase two-level PWM traction inverter to drive a

Utilization of the integrated gate-commutated thyristor as a semiconductor switch in the series resonant converter for isolated medium-voltage dc–dc conversion offers an opportunity for high conversion efficiency while operating at the high switching frequency. Low conduction losses of the switch as well as decreased switching losses due to zero-voltage turn- on and low-current turn- off in the subresonant

For the open-winding permanent-magnet synchronous generator system with a common dc bus, in order to improve the steady-state control performance of conventional prediction control and simultaneously reduce the calculation burden, a zero-sequence current suppression method based on the prediction of three-dimensional reference voltage is proposed in this article. First, the voltage vector used by prediction

Medium voltage insulated gate bipolar transistors are fast switching devices that require low gate drive power. They inherently generate high voltage and current gradients during switching transitions. These are generally limited by retarding the changes of the gate charge. Additional gate resistors are usually installed for this purpose. The drawback is high switching losses. A novel method is described

The conventional phase current reconstruction strategies utilize a dc bus current sensor to reproduce the three-phase currents during phase current sensor faults. However, no current sensor is guaranteed to be healthy in an actual drive. It means that the only survived current sensor may not be accidentally located at the dc bus side, and it can also be at the phase side. In addition, previous studies

Benefiting from flexible flux control and short-circuit withstand ability, the hybrid excitation machine is an emerging starter generator solution for hybrid electric vehicle propulsion. However, to realize a brushless hybrid design in conventional permanent magnet machines, a three-dimensional magnetic circuit is usually adopted, leading to complicated mechanical structure and torque density sacrifice

In this article, two aspects of a synchronous optimal pulsewidth modulation (SOPWM) strategy for inverter control are considered. First, a fundamental current estimation method is proposed, which eliminates the undesired harmonics in the measured currents and allows us to integrate the SOPWM strategy into a field-oriented control scheme without the need of an observer. The main features of this method

In portable devices, such as notebook computers and tablet personal computers, one or more battery strings with multiple lithium-ion (Li-ion) cells have been used since long. Life cycle and safety of the Li-ion battery strings are crucial aspects. A battery management system (BMS) is required for monitoring the status of each cell and balancing their state of charge (SoC). However, most conventional