Abstract not available

V2I communications complement V2V safety applications by dealing with emergency situations such as crash scenarios that the V2V program cannot handle or that could be addressed more effectively. However, depending on the deployed infrastructure, we can distinguish between three situations regarding allowed communications: infrastructure-based, infrastructure-less and intermittent infrastructure. We

With the development of autonomous vehicle technology, the controller area network (CAN) bus has become the de facto standard for an in-vehicle communication system because of its simplicity and efficiency. However, without any encryption and authentication mechanisms, the in-vehicle network using the CAN protocol is susceptible to a wide range of attacks. Many studies, which are mostly based on machine

The blockchain and artificial intelligence (AI) have been the focal point of innovations and received increasing attention of the community over the last years. The blockchain technology is a distributed ledger of reliable digital records that are shared by the participating networks. AI, on the other hand, and its applications have been used for developing futuristic machines that are capable of having

Parnia et al. recently published suggestions for the study of death and experiences recalled in a near-death context. We have serious reservations about the authors’ statements. In this commentary, we discuss the omissions and knowledge gaps inherent to the authors’ paper, which among others include incorrect neurological claims about brain death and misunderstandings regarding the terminology of consciousness

Vehicular fog computing (VFC) enhances Intelligent Traffic System (ITS) by computing the real-time traffic information for accident alerts, path navigation and etc. It utilizes parked and moving vehicles as a fog node to perform computation rather than the core cloud. VFC consumes less bandwidth, decreased response time, and congestion of core cloud due to sort distance. VFC performs resource allocation

Cooperative vehicular networks have yielded remarkable research results to enable the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) for safe, reliable, convenient, and comfortable driving experience. However, high vehicular mobility, intermittent communication, and frequent network fragmentation hinder the reliable and successful data communication in cooperative vehicular networks. In this paper, we hover

Autonomous Vehicles (AV) possess an automated driving system that allows the vehicle to respond to external conditions and provide advanced and intelligent transportation services with limited to no human intervention. For AV, the legitimacy and reliability of sensed and transmitted data have direct influence on road network operations. For instance, the integrity of vehicle communications is vulnerable

The number of Connected and Autonomous Vehicles (CAVs) is increasing rapidly in various smart transportation services and applications, considering many benefits to society, people, and the environment. Several research surveys for CAVs were conducted by primarily focusing on various security threats and vulnerabilities in the domain of CAVs to classify different types of attacks, impacts of attacks

In vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), the exchanged messages among vehicles can effectively improve traffic safety and efficiency. Since the nature of open communication in VANETs, it is necessary to verify the legitimacy of vehicles to prevent illegal vehicles from participating in VANETs. In order to reveal the real identities of malicious vehicles, many conditional privacy preserving authentication

This research presents an enhanced performance analysis process for the power domains of downlink-NOMA systems for vehicular communication over Rayleigh fading channels. We derived exact closed-form expressions of outage probability (OP), bit error rate (BER), outage capacity (OC), and average channel capacity (AVC) by using binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) modulation. All channel parameters required

Future transportation is expected to be connected, cooperative, and highly automated. Classic automated vehicular functions are developed based on safety principles primarily, but the reliability and cybersecurity of wireless communication processes pose new challenges for the automotive industry for connected vehicles, representing Connected, Cooperative and Automated Mobility (CCAM) systems as cyber-physical

Nonsyndromic cleft lip with palate (nsCLP) is a common congenital malformation; however, early prenatal diagnosis is challenging and pathogenesis remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic potential of miRNAs in plasma-derived exosomes and whole plasma of pregnant women to identify nsCLP and an underlying mechanism. Combined RNA sequencing analysis was performed on samples

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease associated with cognitive decline. Memory problems are typically among the first signs of cognitive impairment in AD, and they worsen considerably as the disease progresses. However, musical memory is partially spared in patients with AD, despite severe deficits in episodic (and partly semantic) memory. AD patients can learn new songs

Spectrum handoff (SHO) is an essential technique in dynamic spectrum access policy to guarantee seamless and robust service of a cognitive radio. Link maintenance probability (LMP), link failure probability (LFP), service completion probability (SCP), probability mass function (PMF), and expected number of SHOs are key measuring metrics to characterize SHO performances in cognitive radio vehicular

A Certificateless Public Key Cryptography (CL-PKC) aims to avoid the drawback of both traditional public key cryptography which requires a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI), and Identity-Based Public Key Cryptography (ID-PKC) which suffers from the inherent key escrow problem. In Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET), a Certificateless Conditional Privacy Preserving Authentication (CCPPA) fulfills all known

With the increasing use of cognitive radio technology in vehicular communications, vehicles will be enabled with cognitive radio in the future. Cognitive radio assisted vehicular networks make cognitive radio enabled vehicles utilize licensed spectrum on highways opportunistically. This work tackles cognitive radio assisted vehicular networks including M primary users (transmitter), M primary receivers