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Synthesis Product for Ocean Time Series (SPOTS) – a ship-based biogeochemical pilot Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Nico Lange, Björn Fiedler, Marta Álvarez, Alice Benoit-Cattin, Heather Benway, Pier Luigi Buttigieg, Laurent Coppola, Kim Currie, Susana Flecha, Dana S. Gerlach, Makio Honda, I. Emma Huertas, Siv K. Lauvset, Frank Muller-Karger, Arne Körtzinger, Kevin M. O'Brien, Sólveig R. Ólafsdóttir, Fernando C. Pacheco, Digna Rueda-Roa, Ingunn Skjelvan, Masahide Wakita, Angelicque White, Toste Tanhua
Abstract. The presented pilot for the Synthesis Product for Ocean Time Series (SPOTS) includes data from 12 fixed ship-based time-series programs. The related stations represent unique open-ocean and coastal marine environments within the Atlantic Ocean, Pacific Ocean, Mediterranean Sea, Nordic Seas, and Caribbean Sea. The focus of the pilot has been placed on biogeochemical essential ocean variables:
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Spatial and temporal stable water isotope data from the upper snowpack at the EastGRIP camp site, NE Greenland, sampled in summer 2018 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Alexandra M. Zuhr, Sonja Wahl, Hans Christian Steen-Larsen, Maria Hörhold, Hanno Meyer, Vasileios Gkinis, Thomas Laepple
Abstract. Stable water isotopes stored in snow, firn and ice are used to reconstruct climatic parameters. The imprint of these parameters at the snow surface and their preservation in the upper snowpack are determined by a number of processes influencing the recording of the environmental signal. Here, we present a dataset of approximately 3800 snow samples analysed for their stable water isotope composition
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High-resolution physicochemical dataset of atmospheric aerosols over the Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-16 Jianzhong Xu, Xinghua Zhang, Wenhui Zhao, Lixiang Zhai, Miao Zhong, Jinsen Shi, Junying Sun, Yanmei Liu, Conghui Xie, Yulong Tan, Kemei Li, Xinlei Ge, Qi Zhang, Shichang Kang
Abstract. Atmospheric aerosol in the Tibetan Plateau (TP) and its surroundings has attracted significant scientific interest in recent decades due to its notable impacts on regional climatic and cryospheric changes, ecological and environmental security, and the hydrological cycle. However, our understanding of the atmospheric aerosol in this remote region is highly limited by the scarcity of available
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High temporal resolution records of the velocity of Hansbreen, a tidewater glacier in Svalbard Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Małgorzata Błaszczyk, Bartłomiej Luks, Michał Pętlicki, Dariusz Puczko, Dariusz Ignatiuk, Michał Laska, Jacek Jania, Piotr Głowacki
Abstract. Monitoring changes in glacial dynamics is essential for understanding the environmental response to accelerated climate warming in the Arctic. However, geodetic surveys in polar regions continue to present considerable challenges because of the harsh environmental conditions and the polar night. This study records a 14-year-long time series (2006–2019) of global navigation satellite system
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Mapping sugarcane globally at 10 m resolution using GEDI and Sentinel-2 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Stefania Di Tommaso, Sherrie Wang, Rob Strey, David B. Lobell
Abstract. Sugarcane is an important source of food, biofuel, and farmer income in many countries. At the same time, sugarcane is implicated in many social and environmental challenges, including water scarcity and nutrient pollution. Currently, few of the top sugar-producing countries generate reliable maps of where sugarcane is cultivated. To fill this gap, we introduce a dataset of detailed sugarcane
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CAMELE: Collocation-Analyzed Multi-source Ensembled Land Evapotranspiration Data Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-12 Changming Li, Ziwei Liu, Wencong Yang, Zhuoyi Tu, Juntai Han, Sien Li, Hanbo Yang
Abstract. Land evapotranspiration (ET) plays a crucial role in Earth's water–carbon cycle, and accurately estimating global land ET is vital for advancing our understanding of land–atmosphere interactions. Despite the development of numerous ET products in recent decades, widely used products still possess inherent uncertainties arising from using different forcing inputs and imperfect model parameterizations
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Spatial mapping of key plant functional traits in terrestrial ecosystems across China Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-11 Nannan An, Nan Lu, Weiliang Chen, Yongzhe Chen, Hao Shi, Fuzhong Wu, Bojie Fu
Abstract. Trait-based approaches are of increasing concern in predicting vegetation changes and linking ecosystem structures to functions at large scales. However, a critical challenge for such approaches is acquiring spatially continuous plant functional trait maps. Here, six key plant functional traits were selected as they can reflect plant resource acquisition strategies and ecosystem functions
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A flux tower site attribute dataset intended for land surface modeling Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Jiahao Shi, Hua Yuan, Wanyi Lin, Wenzong Dong, Hongbin Liang, Zhuo Liu, Jianxin Zeng, Haolin Zhang, Nan Wei, Zhongwang Wei, Shupeng Zhang, Shaofeng Liu, Xingjie Lu, Yongjiu Dai
Abstract. Land surface models (LSMs) should have reliable forcing, validation, and surface attribute data as the foundation for effective model development and improvement. Eddy covariance flux tower data are considered the benchmarking data for LSMs. However, currently available flux tower datasets often require multiple aspects of processing to ensure data quality before application to LSMs. More
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ISASO2 : Recent trends and regional patterns of Ocean Dissolved Oxygen change Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-10 Nicolas Kolodziejczyk, Esther Portela, Virginie Thierry, Annaig Prigent
Abstract. Recent estimates of the global inventory of dissolved oxygen (DO) have suggested a decrease of 2 % since the 1960s. However, due to the sparse historical oxygen data coverage, the DO inventory exhibits large regional uncertainties at interannual timescale. Using ISASO2, a new DO Argo-based optimally interpolated climatology https://doi.org/10.17882/52367 (Kolodziejczyk et al.,2021), we have
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Enhancing Long-Term Vegetation Monitoring in Australia: A New Approach for Harmonising and Gap-Filling AVHRR and MODIS NDVI Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-09 Chad A. Burton, Sami W. Rifai, Luigi J. Renzullo, Albert I. J. M. Van Dijk
Abstract. Long-term, reliable datasets of satellite-based vegetation condition are essential for understanding terrestrial ecosystem responses to global environmental change, particularly in Australia which is characterised by diverse ecosystems and strong interannual climate variability. We comprehensively evaluate several existing global AVHRR NDVI products for their suitability for long-term vegetation
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Introduction to the NJIAS Himawari-8/9 Cloud Feature Dataset for climate and typhoon research Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Xiaoyong Zhuge, Xiaolei Zou, Lu Yu, Xin Li, Mingjian Zeng, Yilun Chen, Bing Zhang, Bin Yao, Fei Tang, Fengjiao Chen, Wanlin Kan
Abstract. The use of remote sensing methods to accurately measure cloud properties and their spatiotemporal changes has been widely welcomed in many fields of atmospheric research. The Nanjing Joint Institute for Atmospheric Sciences (NJIAS) Himawari-8/9 Cloud Feature Dataset (HCFD) provides a comprehensive description of cloud features over the East Asia and west North Pacific regions for the 7-year
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A 28 time-points cropland area change dataset in Northeast China from 1000 to 2020 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Ran Jia, Xiuqi Fang, Yundi Yang, Masayuki Yokozawa, Yu Ye
Abstract. Based on historical documents, population data, published results, remote sensing data products, statistical data and survey data, this study reconstructed the cropland area and the spatial pattern changes at 28 time points from 1000 to 2020 in Northeast China. 1000 to 1600 corresponds to historical provincial-level administrative districts, while 1700 to 2020 corresponds to modern county-level
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CHclim25 – a spatially and temporally very high-resolution climatic dataset for Switzerland Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-08 Olivier Broennimann, Antoine Guisan
Abstract. CHclim25 is a climatic dataset with a 25 m resolution for Switzerland that includes daily, monthly and yearly layers for temperature, precipitation, relative sunshine duration, growing degree-days, potential evapotranspiration, bioclimatic variables and aridity. The dataset is downscaled from a daily 1 km resolution dataset from the Swiss federal agency for meteorology using local regressions
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Enriching the GEOFON seismic catalog with automatic energy magnitude estimations Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Dino Bindi, Riccardo Zaccarelli, Angelo Strollo, Domenico Di Giacomo, Andres Heinloo, Peter Evans, Fabrice Cotton, Frederik Tilmann
Abstract. We present a seismic catalog (Bindi et al., 2024, https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.2.6.2023.010) including energy magnitude Me estimated from P waves recorded at teleseismic distances in the range 20°≤Δ≤98° and for depths shorter than 80 km. The catalog is built starting from the event catalog disseminated by GEOFON (GEOFOrschungsNetz), considering 6349 earthquakes with moment magnitude Mw≥5 occurring
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ChinaRiceCalendar – seasonal crop calendars for early-, middle-, and late-season rice in China Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Hui Li, Xiaobo Wang, Shaoqiang Wang, Jinyuan Liu, Yuanyuan Liu, Zhenhai Liu, Shiliang Chen, Qinyi Wang, Tongtong Zhu, Lunche Wang, Lizhe Wang
Abstract. Long time series and large-scale rice calendar datasets provide valuable information for agricultural planning and field management in rice-based cropping systems. However, current regional-level rice calendar datasets do not accurately distinguish between rice seasons in China, causing uncertainty in crop model simulation and climate change impact analysis. Based on satellite remote sensing
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French coastal network for carbonate system monitoring: the CocoriCO2 dataset Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Sébastien Petton, Fabrice Pernet, Valérian Le Roy, Matthias Huber, Sophie Martin, Éric Macé, Yann Bozec, Stéphane Loisel, Peggy Rimmelin-Maury, Émilie Grossteffan, Michel Repecaud, Loïc Quemener, Michael Retho, Soazig Manac'h, Mathias Papin, Philippe Pineau, Thomas Lacoue-Labarthe, Jonathan Deborde, Louis Costes, Pierre Polsenaere, Loïc Rigouin, Jérémy Benhamou, Laure Gouriou, Joséphine Lequeux, Nathalie
Abstract. Since the beginning of the industrial revolution, atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations have risen steadily and have induced a decrease of the averaged surface ocean pH by 0.1 units, corresponding to an increase in ocean acidity of about 30 %. In addition to ocean warming, ocean acidification poses a tremendous challenge to some marine organisms, especially calcifiers. The need
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The physical and biogeochemical parameters along the coastal waters of Saudi Arabia during field surveys in summer, 2021 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-04 Yasser O. Abualnaja, Alexandra Pavlidou, James H. Churchill, Ioannis Hatzianestis, Dimitris Velaoras, Harilaos Kontoyiannis, Vassilis P. Papadopoulos, Aristomenis P. Karageorgis, Georgia Assimakopoulou, Helen Kaberi, Theodoros Kannelopoulos, Constantine Parinos, Christina Zeri, Dionysios Ballas, Elli Pitta, Vassiliki Paraskevopoulou, Afroditi Androni, Styliani Chourdaki, Vassileia Fioraki, Stylianos
Abstract. During the last decades, the coastal areas of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, on the Red Sea and the Arabian Gulf, have been subjected to intense economic and industrial growth. As a result, it may be expected that the overall environmental status of Saudi Arabian coastal marine waters has been affected by human activities. As a consequence, adequate management of the Saudi Arabian coastal zone
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A hydrogeomorphic dataset for characterizing catchment hydrological behavior across the Tibetan Plateau Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Yuhan Guo, Hongxing Zheng, Yuting Yang, Yanfang Sang, Congcong Wen
Abstract. Hydrologic and geomorphic processes are intricately linked within the Earth system, jointly characterizing terrestrial hydrological behaviors and biogeochemical cycles across diverse temporal and spatial scales. The Tibetan Plateau provides an ideal setting for investigating the interactions between hydrological and geomorphic processes in a largely pristine natural environment. Nonetheless
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WetCH4: A Machine Learning-based Upscaling of Methane Fluxes of Northern Wetlands during 2016–2022 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Qing Ying, Benjamin Poulter, Jennifer D. Watts, Kyle A. Arndt, Anna-Maria Virkkala, Lori Bruhwiler, Youmi Oh, Brendan M. Rogers, Susan M. Natali, Hilary Sullivan, Luke D. Schiferl, Clayton Elder, Olli Peltola, Annett Bartsch, Amanda Armstrong, Ankur R. Desai, Eugénie Euskirchen, Mathias Göckede, Bernhard Lehner, Mats B. Nilsson, Matthias Peichl, Oliver Sonnentag, Eeva-Stiina Tuittila, Torsten Sachs
Abstract. Wetlands are the largest natural source of methane (CH4) emissions globally. Northern wetlands (>45° N), accounting for 42 % of global wetland area, are increasingly vulnerable to carbon loss, especially as CH4 emissions may accelerate under intensified high-latitude warming. However, the magnitude and spatial patterns of high-latitude CH4 emissions remain relatively uncertain. Here we present
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LegacyVegetation 1.0: Global reconstruction of vegetation composition and forest cover from pollen archives of the last 50 ka Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Laura Schild, Peter Ewald, Chenzhi Li, Raphaël Hébert, Thomas Laepple, Ulrike Herzschuh
Abstract. With rapid anthropogenic climate change future vegetation trajectories are uncertain. Climate-vegetation models can be useful for predictions but need extensive data on past vegetation for validation and improving systemic understanding. Even though pollen data provide a great source of this information, the data is compositionally biased due to differences in taxon-specific relative pollen
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Discrete Global Grid System-based Flow Routing Datasets in the Amazon and Yukon Basins Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Chang Liao, Darren Engwirda, Matthew Cooper, Mingke Li, Yilin Fang
Abstract. Discrete Global Grid systems (DGGs) are emerging spatial data structures widely used to organize geospatial datasets across scales. While DGGs have found applications in various scientific disciplines, including atmospheric science and ecology, their integration into physically based hydrologic models and Earth System Models (ESMs) has been hindered by the lack of flow-routing datasets based
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Deriving a Transformation Rate Map of Dissolved Organic Carbon over the Contiguous U.S. Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Lingbo Li, Hong-Yi Li, Guta Abeshu, Jinyun Tang, L. Ruby Leung, Chang Liao, Zeli Tan, Hanqin Tian, Peter Thornton, Xiaojuan Yang
Abstract. Riverine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) plays a vital role in regional and global carbon cycles. However, the processes of DOC conversion from soil organic carbon (SOC) and leaching into rivers are insufficiently understood, inconsistently represented, and poorly parameterized, particularly in land surface and earth system models. As a first attempt to fill this gap, we propose a generic
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Constructing a measurement-based spatially explicit inventory of US oil and gas methane emissions Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Mark Omara, Anthony Himmelberger, Katlyn MacKay, James P. Williams, Joshua Benmergui, Maryann Sargent, Steven C. Wofsy, Ritesh Gautam
Abstract. Accurate and comprehensive quantification of oil and gas methane emissions is pivotal in informing effective methane mitigation policies, while also supporting the assessment and tracking of progress towards emissions reduction targets set by governments and industry. While national bottom-up source-level inventories are useful for understanding the sources of methane emissions, they are
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PM2.5 concentrations based on near-surface visibility at 4011 sites in the Northern Hemisphere from 1959 to 2022 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-04-02 Hongfei Hao, Kaicun Wang, Guocan Wu, Jianbao Liu, Jing Li
Abstract. Long-term PM2.5 data are needed to study the atmospheric environment, human health, and climate change. PM2.5 measurements are sparsely distributed and of short duration. In this study, daily PM2.5 concentrations are estimated from 1959 to 2022 using a machine learning method at 4011 terrestrial sites in the Northern Hemisphere based on hourly atmospheric visibility data, which are extracted
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Harmonized European Union subnational crop statistics can reveal climate impacts and crop cultivation shifts Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Giulia Ronchetti, Luigi Nisini Scacchiafichi, Lorenzo Seguini, Iacopo Cerrani, Marijn van der Velde
Abstract. The availability of coherent time series of crop statistics is essential for better analyzing the past, understanding the present, and predicting future trends in yield, area, and production. Importantly, such data also underpin assessments and subsequent policy actions that can shape future food systems that are more resilient in the face of climate change and that are sustainable in terms
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A Climate Data Record of Stratospheric Aerosols Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Viktoria F. Sofieva, Alexei Rozanov, Monika Szelag, John P. Burrows, Christian Retscher, Robert Damadeo, Doug Degenstein, Landon A. Rieger, Adam Bourassa
Abstract. Climate-related studies need information about the distribution of stratospheric aerosols, which influence the energy balance of the Earth’s atmosphere. In this work, we present a merged dataset of vertically resolved stratospheric aerosol extinction coefficients, which is derived from data by six limb and occultation satellite instruments: SAGE II on ERBS, GOMOS and SCIAMACHY on Envisat
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GHOST: A globally harmonised dataset of surface atmospheric composition measurements Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Dene Bowdalo, Sara Basart, Marc Guevara, Oriol Jorba, Carlos Pérez García-Pando, Monica Jaimes Palomera, Olivia Rivera Hernandez, Melissa Puchalski, David Gay, Jörg Klausen, Sergio Moreno, Stoyka Netcheva, Oksana Tarasova
Abstract. GHOST: Globally Harmonised Observations in Space and Time, represents one of the biggest collection of harmonised measurements of atmospheric composition at the surface. In total, 7,275,148,646 measurements from 1970–2023, of 227 different components, from 38 reporting networks, are compiled, parsed, and standardised. Components processed include gaseous species, total and speciated particulate
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Providing quality-assessed and standardised soil data to support global mapping and modelling (WoSIS snapshot 2023) Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Niels Hindrik Batjes, Luis Calisto, Luis Moreira de Sousa
Abstract. Snapshots derived from the World Soil Information Service (WoSIS) are served freely to the international community. These static datasets provide quality-assessed and standardised soil profile data that can be used to support digital soil mapping and environmental applications at broad scale levels. Since the release of the preceding snapshot in 2019, new ETL (Extract, Load, Transform) procedures
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A Deep Convective Systems Database Derived from the Intercalibrated Meteorological Geostationary Satellite Fleet and the TOOCAN algorithm (2012–2020) Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Thomas Fiolleau, Remy Roca
Abstract. We introduce two databases aimed at facilitating the study of deep convective systems (DCS) and their morphological characteristics over the intertropical belt during the period spanning from 2012 to 2020: TOOCAN and CACATOES. The TOOCAN database is constructed using a tracking algorithm called TOOCAN applied on a homogenized GEOring infrared (IR) archive and enables the documentation of
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HiQ-LAI: a high-quality reprocessed MODIS leaf area index dataset with better spatiotemporal consistency from 2000 to 2022 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-26 Kai Yan, Jingrui Wang, Rui Peng, Kai Yang, Xiuzhi Chen, Gaofei Yin, Jinwei Dong, Marie Weiss, Jiabin Pu, Ranga B. Myneni
Abstract. Leaf area index (LAI) is a crucial parameter for characterizing vegetation canopy structure and energy absorption capacity. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) LAI has played a significant role in landmark studies due to its clear theoretical basis, extensive historical time series, extensive validation results, and open accessibility. However, MODIS LAI retrievals are
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AIUB-GRACE gravity field solutions for G3P: processing strategies and instrument parameterization Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Neda Darbeheshti, Martin Lasser, Ulrich Meyer, Daniel Arnold, Adrian Jäggi
Abstract. This paper discusses strategies to improve the Gravity Recovery And Climate Experiment (GRACE) monthly solutions computed at the Astronomical Institute of the University of Bern (AIUB) which are contributing to the Horizon 2020 project G3P – Global Gravity-based Groundwater Product. To improve the AIUB-GRACE gravity field solutions, we updated the use of the Level-1B observations, adapted
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A synthesis of Global Streamflow Characteristics, Hydrometeorology, and Catchment Attributes (GSHA) for large sample river-centric studies Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Ziyun Yin, Peirong Lin, Ryan Riggs, George H. Allen, Xiangyong Lei, Ziyan Zheng, Siyu Cai
Abstract. Our understanding and predictive capability of streamflow processes largely rely on high-quality datasets that depict a river's upstream basin characteristics. Recent proliferation of large sample hydrology (LSH) datasets has promoted model parameter estimation and data-driven analyses of hydrological processes worldwide, yet existing LSH is still insufficient in terms of sample coverage
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SEA-Rice-Ci10: High-resolution Mapping of Rice Cropping Intensity and Harvested Area Across Southeast Asia using the Integration of Sentinel-1 and Sentinel-2 Data Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Frisa Irawan Ginting, Rudiyanto Rudiyanto, Fatchurahman,, Ramisah Mohd Shah, Norhidayah Che Soh, Sunny Goh Eng Giap, Dian Fiantis, Budi Indra Setiawan, Sam Schiller, Aaron Davitt, Budiman Minasny
Abstract. The Southeast Asia region has a vast expanse with diverse tropical climates, making it a prominent centre of rice cultivation, contributing to about 20 % of the world’s rice production and contributes 29 % of global rice methane emissions. As a staple food for many countries, accurate and up-to-date information on the rice harvested area is crucial for addressing food security issues, predicting
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Dataset of stable isotopes of precipitation in the Eurasian continent Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Longhu Chen, Qinqin Wang, Guofeng Zhu, Xinrui Lin, Dongdong Qiu, Yinying Jiao, Siyu Lu, Rui Li, Gaojia Meng, Yuhao Wang
Abstract. Stable isotopes in precipitation can effectively reveal the process of atmospheric water circulation, serving as an effective tool for hydrological and water resource research, climate change, and ecosystem studies. The scarcity of stable isotope data in precipitation has hindered comprehension of the regional hydrology, climate, and ecology due to discontinuities on a temporal scale and
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First comprehensive stable isotope dataset of diverse water units in a permafrost-dominated catchment on the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-21 Yuzhong Yang, Qingbai Wu, Xiaoyan Guo, Lu Zhou, Helin Yao, Dandan Zhang, Zhongqiong Zhang, Ji Chen, Guojun Liu
Abstract. Considered as the Asian water tower, the Qinghai–Xizang Plateau (QXP) processes substantial permafrost, where its hydrological environments are spatially differed and can be easily disturbed by changing permafrost and melting ground ice. Permafrost degradation compels melting permafrost to become an important source of surface runoff, changes the storage of groundwater, and greatly influences
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Meteorological, snow and soil data, CO2, water and energy fluxes from a low-Arctic valley of Northern Quebec Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Florent Domine, Denis Sarrazin, Daniel F. Nadeau, Georg Lackner, Maria Belke-Brea
Abstract. As the vegetation in the Arctic changes, tundra ecosystems along the southern border of the Arctic are becoming greener and gradually giving way to boreal ecosystems. This change is affecting local populations, wildlife, energy exchange processes between environmental compartments, and the carbon cycle. To understand the progression and the implications of this change in vegetation, satellite
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FOCA: a new quality-controlled database of floods and catchment descriptors in Italy Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-20 Pierluigi Claps, Giulia Evangelista, Daniele Ganora, Paola Mazzoglio, Irene Monforte
Abstract. Here we present FOCA (Italian FlOod and Catchment Atlas), the first systematic collection of data on Italian river catchments for which historical discharge time series are available. Hydrometric information, including the annual maximum peak discharge and average daily annual maximum discharge, is complemented by several geomorphological, climatological, extreme rainfall, land-cover and
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A benchmark data set for long-term monitoring in the eLTER site Gesäuse-Johnsbachtal Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Florian Lippl, Alexander Maringer, Margit Kurka, Jakob Abermann, Wolfgang Schöner, Manuela Hirschmugl
Abstract. This paper gives an overview over all currently available data sets for the European Long-term Ecosystem Research (eLTER) monitoring site Gesäuse-Johnsbachtal. The site is part of the eLTSER platform Eisenwurzen in the Alps of the province of Styria, Austria. It contains both protected (National Park Gesäuse) and non-protected areas (Johnsbachtal). Although the main research focus of the
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GLC_FCS30D: the first global 30 m land-cover dynamics monitoring product with a fine classification system for the period from 1985 to 2022 generated using dense-time-series Landsat imagery and the continuous change-detection method Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Xiao Zhang, Tingting Zhao, Hong Xu, Wendi Liu, Jinqing Wang, Xidong Chen, Liangyun Liu
Abstract. Land-cover change has been identified as an important cause or driving force of global climate change and is a significant research topic. Over the past few decades, global land-cover mapping has progressed; however, long-time-series global land-cover-change monitoring data are still sparse, especially those at 30 m resolution. In this study, we describe GLC_FCS30D, a novel global 30 m land-cover
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An observational network of ground surface temperature under different land-cover types on the northeastern Qinghai–Tibet Plateau Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Raul-David Şerban, Huijun Jin, Mihaela Şerban, Giacomo Bertoldi, Dongliang Luo, Qingfeng Wang, Qiang Ma, Ruixia He, Xiaoying Jin, Xinze Li, Jianjun Tang, Hongwei Wang
Abstract. Ground surface temperature (GST), measured at approximately 5 cm in depth, is a key controlling parameter for subsurface biophysical processes at the land–atmosphere boundary. This work presents a valuable dataset of GST observations at various spatial scales in the Headwater Area of the Yellow River (HAYR), a representative area of high-plateau permafrost on the northeastern Qinghai–Tibet
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DINOSTRAT version 2.1-GTS2020 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Peter K. Bijl
Abstract. DINOSTRAT version 2.1-GTS2020 is now available (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10506652, Bijl et al., 2024b). This version updates DINOSTRAT to the Geologic Time Scale 2020, and new publications are added into the database. The resulting database now contains over 9450 entries from 209 sites. This update has not led to major and profound changes in the conclusions made previously. DINOSTRAT
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Systematically tracking the hourly progression of large wildfires using GOES satellite observations Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Tianjia Liu, James T. Randerson, Yang Chen, Douglas C. Morton, Elizabeth B. Wiggins, Padhraic Smyth, Efi Foufoula-Georgiou, Roy Nadler, Omer Nevo
Abstract. In the western United States, prolonged drought, a warming climate, and historical fuel buildup have contributed to larger and more intense wildfires as well as to longer fire seasons. As these costly wildfires become more common, new tools and methods are essential for improving our understanding of the evolution of fires and how extreme weather conditions, including heat waves, windstorms
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A regolith lead isoscape of Australia Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Candan U. Desem, Patrice de Caritat, Jon Woodhead, Roland Maas, Graham Carr
Abstract. We present the first national-scale lead (Pb) isotope maps of Australia based on surface regolith for five isotope ratios, 206Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/204Pb, 208Pb/204Pb, 207Pb/206Pb, and 208Pb/206Pb, determined by single-collector sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry after an ammonium acetate leach followed by aqua regia digestion. The dataset is underpinned principally by the
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A Lagrangian coherent eddy atlas for biogeochemical applications in the North Pacific Subtropical Gyre Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Alexandra E. Jones-Kellett, Michael J. Follows
Abstract. Mesoscale eddies affect phytoplankton in several ways, including the horizontal dispersal and mixing of populations. Coherent eddies trap and contain fluid masses, whereas other eddies mix more freely with surrounding waters. To evaluate the role of lateral dispersal and trapping on the biogeochemical properties of eddies, we must accurately characterize their coherency. We employed a Lagrangian
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Air pollution emission inventory using national high-resolution spatial parameters for the Nordic countries and analysis of PM2.5 spatial distribution for road transport and machinery and off-road sectors Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Ville-Veikko Paunu, Niko Karvosenoja, David Segersson, Susana López-Aparicio, Ole-Kenneth Nielsen, Marlene Schmidt Plejdrup, Throstur Thorsteinsson, Dam Thanh Vo, Jeroen Kuenen, Hugo Denier van der Gon, Jukka-Pekka Jalkanen, Jørgen Brandt, Camilla Geels
Abstract. Air pollution is an important cause of adverse health effects, even in the Nordic countries, which have relatively good air quality. Modelling-based air quality assessment of the health impacts relies on reliable model estimates of ambient air pollution concentrations, which furthermore rely on good-quality spatially resolved emission data. While quantitative emission estimates are the cornerstone
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A global gridded dataset for cloud vertical structure from combined CloudSat and CALIPSO observations Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Leah Bertrand, Jennifer E. Kay, John Haynes, Gijs de Boer
Abstract. The vertical structure of clouds has a profound effect on the global energy budget, the global circulation, and the atmospheric hydrological cycle. The CloudSat and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observations (CALIPSO) missions have taken complementary, colocated observations of cloud vertical structure for over a decade. However, no globally gridded dataset is available
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GPS displacement dataset for the study of elastic surface mass variations Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Athina Peidou, Donald F. Argus, Felix W. Landerer, David N. Wiese, Matthias Ellmer
Abstract. Quantification of uncertainty in surface mass change signals derived from Global Positioning System (GPS) measurements poses challenges, especially when dealing with large datasets with continental or global coverage. We present a new GPS station displacement dataset that reflects surface mass load signals and their uncertainties. We assess the structure and quantify the uncertainty of vertical
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A global estimate of monthly vegetation and soil fractions from spatiotemporally adaptive spectral mixture analysis during 2001–2022 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Qiangqiang Sun, Ping Zhang, Xin Jiao, Xin Lin, Wenkai Duan, Su Ma, Qidi Pan, Lu Chen, Yongxiang Zhang, Shucheng You, Shunxi Liu, Jinmin Hao, Hong Li, Danfeng Sun
Abstract. Multifaceted regime shifts of Earth's surface are ongoing dramatically and – in turn – considerably alter the global carbon budget, energy balance and biogeochemical cycles. Sustainably managing terrestrial ecosystems necessitates a deeper comprehension of the diverse and dynamic nature of multicomponent information within these environments. However, comprehensive records of global-scale
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Imputation of missing IPCC AR6 data on land carbon sequestration Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Ruben Prütz, Sabine Fuss, Joeri Rogelj
Abstract. The AR6 Scenario Database is a vital repository of climate change mitigation pathways used in the latest IPCC assessment cycle. In its current version, several scenarios in the database lack information about the level of gross carbon removal on land, as net and gross removals on land are not always separated and consistently reported across models. This makes scenario analyses focusing on
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HUST-Grace2024: a new GRACE-only gravity field time series based on more than 20 years satellite geodesy data and a hybrid processing chain Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Hao Zhou, Lijun Zheng, Yaozong Li, Xiang Guo, Zebing Zhou, Zhicai Luo
Abstract. To improve the accuracy of monthly temporal gravity field models for Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and GRACE Follow-On (GRACE-FO) mission, a new series named HUST-Grace2024 is determined based on the updated L1B dataset (GRACE L1B RL03 & GRACE-FO L1B RL04) and the newest atmosphere and ocean de-aliasing product (AOD1B RL07). Compared to the previous HUST temporal gravity
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Metazoan zooplankton in the Bay of Biscay: a 16-year record of individual sizes and abundances obtained using the ZooScan and ZooCAM imaging systems Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Nina Grandremy, Paul Bourriau, Edwin Daché, Marie-Madeleine Danielou, Mathieu Doray, Christine Dupuy, Bertrand Forest, Laetitia Jalabert, Martin Huret, Sophie Le Mestre, Antoine Nowaczyk, Pierre Petitgas, Philippe Pineau, Justin Rouxel, Morgan Tardivel, Jean-Baptiste Romagnan
Abstract. This paper presents two metazoan zooplankton datasets obtained by imaging samples collected on the Bay of Biscay continental shelf in spring during the PELGAS (PELagique GAScogne) integrated surveys over the 2004–2019 period. The samples were collected at night with a 200 µm mesh-size WP2 net fitted with a Hydrobios (back-run stop) mechanical flowmeter and hauled vertically from the sea floor
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Global datasets of hourly carbon and water fluxes simulated using a satellite-based process model with dynamic parameterizations Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Jiye Leng, Jing M. Chen, Wenyu Li, Xiangzhong Luo, Mingzhu Xu, Jane Liu, Rong Wang, Cheryl Rogers, Bolun Li, Yulin Yan
Abstract. Diagnostic terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) forced by remote sensing observations have been a principal tool for providing benchmarks on global gross primary productivity (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET). However, these models often estimate GPP and ET at coarse daily or monthly steps, hindering analysis of ecosystem dynamics at the diurnal (hourly) scales, and prescribe some essential
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A revised marine fossil record of the Mediterranean before and after the Messinian Salinity Crisis Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Konstantina Agiadi, Niklas Hohmann, Elsa Gliozzi, Danae Thivaiou, Francesca Bosellini, Marco Taviani, Giovanni Bianucci, Alberto Collareta, Laurent Londeix, Costanza Faranda, Francesca Bulian, Efterpi Koskeridou, Francesca Lozar, Alan Maria Mancini, Stefano Dominici, Pierre Moissette, Ildefonso Bajo Campos, Enrico Borghi, George Iliopoulos, Assimina Antonarakou, George Kontakiotis, Evangelia Besiou
Abstract. The Messinian Salinity Crisis and its precursor events have been the greatest environmental perturbation of the Mediterranean Sea to date, offering an opportunity to study the response of marine ecosystems to extreme hydrological change and a large-scale biological invasion. The restriction of the marine connection between the Mediterranean and the Atlantic Ocean already since the Tortonian–Messinian
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Mapping of sea ice concentration using the NASA NIMBUS 5 Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer data from 1972–1977 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Wiebke Margitta Kolbe, Rasmus T. Tonboe, Julienne Stroeve
Abstract. The Electrically Scanning Microwave Radiometer (ESMR) instrument onboard the NIMBUS 5 satellite was a one-channel microwave radiometer that measured the 19.35 GHz horizontally polarized brightness temperature (TB) from 11 December 1972 to 16 May 1977. The original tape archive data in swath projection have recently been made available online by the NASA Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information
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A Copernicus-based evapotranspiration dataset at 100-m spatial resolution over the Mediterranean region Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Paulina Bartkowiak, Bartolomeo Ventura, Alexander Jacob, Mariapina Castelli
Abstract. Evapotranspiration (ET) is responsible for regulating the hydrological cycle with a relevant impact on air humidity and precipitation, particularly important in the context of acute drought events in recent years. With the intensification of rainfall deficits and extreme heat events, the Mediterranean region requires regular monitoring to enhance water resources management. Even though remote
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Improving the Latin America and Caribbean Soil Information System (SISLAC) database enhances its usability and scalability Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Sergio Díaz-Guadarrama, Viviana M. Varón-Ramírez, Iván Lizarazo, Mario Guevara, Marcos Angelini, Gustavo A. Araujo-Carrillo, Jainer Argeñal, Daphne Armas, Rafael A. Balta, Adriana Bolivar, Nelson Bustamante, Ricardo O. Dart, Martin Dell Acqua, Arnulfo Encina, Hernán Figueredo, Fernando Fontes, Joan S. Gutiérrez-Díaz, Wilmer Jiménez, Raúl S. Lavado, Jesús F. Mansilla-Baca, Maria de Lourdes Mendonça-Santos
Abstract. Spatial soil databases can help model complex phenomena in which soils are a decisive factor – for example, evaluating agricultural potential or estimating carbon storage capacity. The Latin America and Caribbean Soil Information System, SISLAC, is a regional initiative promoted by the Food and Agriculture Organization's (FAO) Latin America and the Caribbean Soil Partnership to contribute
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Catalogue of coastal-based instances with bathymetric and topographic data Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Owein Thuillier, Nicolas Le Josse, Alexandru-Liviu Olteanu, Marc Sevaux, Hervé Tanguy
Abstract. We provide a catalogue of 17 700 unique coastal-based instances distributed throughout the globe and derived from bathymetric and topographic data made publicly available by the GEneral Bathymetric Chart of the Oceans (GEBCO) as of 2022. These instances, or Digital Elevation Models (DEMs), are delivered in the form of raster grids with a 15 arc-seconds resolution and are divided equally into
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Glaciological and meteorological monitoring at LTER sites Mullwitzkees and Venedigerkees, Austria, 2006–2022 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Lea Hartl, Bernd Seiser, Martin Stocker-Waldhuber, Anna Baldo, Marcela Violeta Lauria, Andrea Fischer
Abstract. Glaciers in the Alps are losing mass at unprecedented and accelerating rates. Monitoring of glacier mass change as well as relevant atmospheric parameters plays an important role in improving understanding of local and downstream impacts. We present subseasonal, seasonal, and annual glaciological mass balance data and meteorological observations from Mullwitzkees and Venedigerkees, two glacier
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Dams in the Mekong: a comprehensive database, spatiotemporal distribution, and hydropower potentials Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Wei Jing Ang, Edward Park, Yadu Pokhrel, Dung Duc Tran, Ho Huu Loc
Abstract. Dams have proliferated along the Mekong, spurred by energy demands from economic development and capital from private companies. Swift dam evolution has rendered many databases outdated, in which mismatches arise from differing compilation methods. Without a comprehensive database, up-to-date spatial assessment of dam growth is unavailable. Looking at future development, hydropower potential
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The Tibetan Plateau space-based tropospheric aerosol climatology: 2007–2020 Earth Syst. Sci. Data (IF 11.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Honglin Pan, Jianping Huang, Jiming Li, Zhongwei Huang, Minzhong Wang, Ali Mamtimin, Wen Huo, Fan Yang, Tian Zhou, Kanike Raghavendra Kumar
Abstract. A comprehensive and robust dataset of tropospheric aerosol properties is important for understanding the effects of aerosol–radiation feedback on the climate system and reducing the uncertainties of climate models. The “Third Pole” of Earth (Tibetan Plateau, TP) is highly challenging for obtaining long-term in situ aerosol data due to its harsh environmental conditions. Here, we provide the