ABSTRACT Predictive models to estimate correlation coefficients between peak ground acceleration, peak ground velocity, and spectral acceleration residuals for Mexican intermediate-depth, intraslab earthquakes recorded on rock sites are presented in this study. The models were developed for the total, between-events, and within-event residuals using a recent ground-motion prediction equation (GMPE)

ABSTRACT The displacements estimated using seismic accelerations are useful for post-earthquake inspection of structural damage. In previous studies, displacements were usually obtained through non-trivial measurement or double integration of the measured acceleration response and then an additional correction process. However, from the signal processing perspective, double integration induces substantial

ABSTRACT Three RC beam-column subassemblages, in which the concrete columns were reinforced by multiple composite central reinforcements and multiple-steel stirrups, were tested under reversed cyclic loading. The test results show that the increase in axial compression ratio (increased from 0.2 to 0.35) had little effect on the energy dissipation, but increased the peak load by 60.5% and decreased

ABSTRACT The reliability of non-invasive shear wave velocity (Vs) profiling techniques is assessed for four Ontario highway sites in comparison to invasive methods (N60, su, laboratory bender element Vs, borehole geology). Our non-invasive Vs profiles are obtained from joint inversion of surface wave dispersion and microtremor horizontal to vertical spectral ratio peak(s). The overall inter-method

ABSTRACT Concrete-filled steel tube (CFST) stiff skeleton concrete arch bridges can be designed with longer spans using balanced ring-casting construction. However, this construction method induces non-planar sectional stress in the arch rings. To investigate the influence of the non-planar sectional stress on the seismic performance of arch bridges, we developed two numerical models of a typical arch

ABSTRACT This paper investigates a novel mid-rise large-span cassette structure. The unique limit state divisions of the cassette structure are studied by following the probabilistic seismic capacity analysis (PSCA) method. A numerical model is established and verified through the use of shake table test results. Multidirectional pushover analyses is performed, and the directional effect of the 3D

ABSTRACT This paper presents an overview of the developments performed at the European Laboratory for Structural Assessment (ELSA) of the Joint Research Centre of European Commission concerning the new generation of servo-hydraulic real-time digital controller/acquisition system adopted in large scale experiments. The hardware architecture is based on EtherCAT® modules that guarantee a versatile and

ABSTRACT As an innovative concrete shear wall, sandwich wall (SW) is expected to be applied to improve the seismic performance of regular shear wall (RW). The test process of SW component and precast SW structure are described, numerical models are verified by the test results, and parameter analysis is also conducted by numerical simulation to expand the tests. The results show that a better match

ABSTRACT Quasi-static tests of two 2-story structures reinforced with HRB 600 MPa reinforcement and ultrahigh-strength (UHS) reinforcement were conducted. These two structures showed an evident post-yield stiffness, which can be repaired before a large drift ratio of 2%. The structure with the UHS reinforcement had stable floor stiffness ratio, which can avoid the deformation and energy consumption

ABSTRACT Earthquakes have unfavorable effects of reducing uplift resistance of plate anchors. Present work investigates the seismic vertical uplift resistance of shallow buried square and rectangular plate anchors in granular soil by using the upper bound theorem of limit analysis in combination with pseudo-static approach. The influence of shear transfer at the interface between anchor plate and overlying

ABSTRACT To satisfy the resilient requirements, a novel dual-self-centering variable friction damper (DSC-VFD) brace with self-centering variable friction damper systems and basalt fiber-reinforced polymer tendons, is proposed. The working mechanism of the DSC-VFD brace was first investigated. Then, four DSC-VFD and SC-VFD braces with different groove angles were designed, and quasi-static experiments

ABSTRACT The aim of the present study is to investigate the stability of a new cost-efficient dam structure, which makes use of materials to reduce the size of the traditional dam. The new dam structure is termed as concrete-rockfill combination dam (CRCD), covering a downstream inclined rockfill body as well as an upstream concrete wall. Small-scale models of CRCD are conducted by shaking table. Two

ABSTRACT Given the high level of seismic activity across the Middle East and particularly Iran, loading history data and respective seismic records in the region are required to formulate regional loading protocols for proper estimation of seismic behavior of structural components in accordance with construction conditions in the area. This study aims to propose such a loading protocol for the seismic

ABSTRACT A novel model is constructed to investigate the coupling effect of pulse period (Tp) and peak pulse velocity (Vp) on structural demands with the varied fundamental period (T1) under pulse-like ground motions. The Gaussian function is proposed to quantitatively describe the bell-shape curve of column ductility demand in terms of ln(T1/Tp). Further investigation reveals that the two critical

ABSTRACT The methodology of installing energy dissipation devices is a key point in structural seismic design. This paper proposes three novel hierarchical energy dissipation (HED) systems, using miniature bar-typed structural fuses (MBSFs) of different installation constructions, i.e., making MBSF lengths varied, installing Belleville springs, and enabling the anchor device to slide frictionally.

ABSTRACT The elongation of beams in reinforced concrete frames due to flexural cracking and yielding is restrained by the surrounding structural components, thereby leading to axial force in the beams. To study the effects of beam axial restraint on the beam flexural and joint shear behaviors, cyclic lateral loading experiments were conducted on four beam-column substructures, two of which were restrained

ABSTRACT In this paper, a comparative study between the smeared crack and extended finite element method (XFEM) is performed. Also, the effective parameters for predicting crack profiles are investigated. The results show that the crack profile in the two models is partially different. Also, the important difference between the two models is computational efficiency. In addition to analysis time, complexity

ABSTRACT A statistical study aimed at estimating residual displacement spectrum (Cr) of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems with a given damage index is developed. The Cr are calculated with the Park-Ang damage model, which can be parameterized in terms of the ultimate ductility factor μu and energy dissipation factor β, for SDOF systems subjected to 228 ground motions. The variation in Cr with

ABSTRACT In this paper, a smart optimized control technique is proposed. Structures are modelled using a coupled finite element method (FEM) and boundary element method (BEM), where building floors are modeled using BEM, and vertical elements are modeled using FEM without lumping of masses. Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) are combined to find the best configuration for

ABSTRACT Earthquake damage to freestanding nonstructural components has occurred in past earthquakes. Ceramic vase is one of the most vulnerable freestanding nonstructural components in museums, residential, and historical buildings. To investigate the seismic performance of a freestanding vase, shaking table tests were conducted, where four motions, consisting of two historic and two artificial ones

ABSTRACT Sand liquefaction is considered to be one of the main causes of severe earthquake damage. The seismic response of large-scale underground structures is mainly controlled by the deformation of surrounding soils, and the large liquefaction-induced lateral displacement poses a serious threat to large underground structures. In this paper, a large-scale shaking table test is performed to simulate

ABSTRACT This paper analyses the influence of friction coefficient and equivalent radius on the seismic reduction effect of friction pendulum bearings in the underground station under far-field and near-field earthquakes with different strength. It is found that the parameters of the friction pendulum bearings will obviously influence seismic reduction effectiveness. By combining genetic algorithm

ABSTRACT Stone columns (SCs) can reduce the seismic response of pile-supported wharves in liquefiable sites. A series of parametric studies were conducted to investigate the influence of SC diameter, SC space ratio, SC permeability, and typical earthquake characteristics on the seismic response of pile-support wharves and to assess the SC retrofit effect. The ratio of the SC space and diameter is found

ABSTRACT This paper employs an indirect boundary element formulation for 3D soil-structure interaction analysis in layered transversely isotropic (TI) elastic half-space under incident qP, qSV, and SH waves. Transformation matrix and dynamic Green’s function are employed to compute dynamic impedance coefficients, and foundation displacement is computed by superposition of two cases (with and without

ABSTRACT In this paper, a time domain boundary element method is developed for obtaining the seismic amplification of the surface topographies. Initially, Fourier series is applied into the dual reciprocity method and required boundary element fundamental solutions are extracted. After having presented the required formulations, accuracy of the method is verified by comparing its results with available

ABSTRACT This study attempts to investigate the effect of the BRB distribution on the seismic performance of retrofitted multi-story RC tall bridge bents. Different BRB distributions were compared, from which the most efficient one was identified. The results showed that uniform distribution was not necessarily an efficient retrofit option. By controlling the same damage, using triangular cumulative

ABSTRACT Bridge structures play a crucial role in the recovery process after an earthquake; however, the need to produce a resilient structure requires the implementation of expensive materials that are essentially limited to critical structures. To achieve a low-cost resilient system, a novel friction pendulum sliding system fabricated from only steel and concrete was experimentally evaluated. Simple

ABSTRACT An approach for estimation of scenario-based liquefaction probability with consideration of ground-motion randomness is introduced. It is based on a modified version of the cyclic stress liquefaction assessment procedure where the cyclic stress and cyclic resistance ratios are considered time dependent and ground-motion dependent. This makes it possible to estimate the probability of liquefaction

ABSTRACT Displacement-based seismic design often requires nonlinear time history simulation of building responses which is computationally intensive. This technical note presents an artificial neural network (ANN) designed to generate max inter-story drift for buildings with post-tensioned mass timber (MT) rocking walls systems. This particular lateral system was selected because it is an innovative

ABSTRACT Direct displacement-based seismic design has been recently proposed for the seismic design of non-structural building elements. This paper deals with the development of damping models, relating equivalent viscous damping ratio to drift amplitude, for suspended piping trapeze restraint installations for direct displacement-based seismic design. The damping models are developed using reversed

ABSTRACT The contemporary two-parameter-based site classification system of Korea, which is depth to bedrock and averaged shear wave velocity of soil deposits overlying the bedrock, has been reported to be ineffective in representing the unique amplification characteristics of shallow bedrock profiles. A new site classification scheme conditioned on site natural period and corresponding intensity-dependent

ABSTRACT The dynamic responses of an instrumented twenty-story steel-moment frame office building were identified with the data from mainshock (M 7.1) occurred on November 30, 2018 and its six aftershocks ranging from M4.2 to 5.7 in the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone. The deconvolution-based seismic interferometry was used to identify the traveling waves and intrinsic-damping ratio in the building

ABSTRACT A machine learning-based fast seismic risk assessment framework is proposed to ease the computational burden in estimating the potential earthquake-induced loss of a building during its intended life. Both the hazard parameters of sites and structural parameters of buildings were incorporated as inputs. The continuous risk values and discrete risk levels were used as outputs for the regression

ABSTRACT An analysis of the scattering of steady-state SH waves by a shallow buried unlined elliptical tunnel is presented. For the horizontal boundary, a mirror method in elliptic coordinates is proposed, which is implemented using the Mathieu function addition theorem. Taking into account the stress-free condition of the tunnel, an infinite equation system was created and solved after truncating

ABSTRACT In low-to-moderate seismicity regions, seismic loss functions (SLFs) are barely established due to limited observational data, making it difficult to derive decision-making on disaster prevention and management. Herein, a Bayesian framework is developed to update the SLFs with limited observational data. The proposed point-based Bayesian method updates local probability density function parameters

ABSTRACT Lightweight masonry blocks (LMBs) are more environmentally favorable than solid clay bricks, and have gradually become the main material for the infill walls of modern buildings. It is of great importance for proposing a suitable hysterical model of LMBs infill walls to accurately predict the seismic responses of modern buildings. However, cyclic loading tests of LMB infill walls demonstrate

ABSTRACT Seismic fragility analysis has been considered an efficient method for seismic performance assessment of soil-pile-superstructure systems (SPSSs). However, seismic fragility analysis based on widely used numerical methods often requires a significant investment of time. In this study, a new approach based on the random forest technique, which can be applied to fragility analysis, is proposed

ABSTRACT This study investigates the seismic losses associated with the damage of traditional and innovative partitions housed in code-conforming RC frame buildings. Three-story buildings located in low-to-high seismicity sites in Italy are considered. Nonlinear multiple-stripe analyses are performed according to the conditional spectrum approach. The partition capacities are evaluated according to

ABSTRACT In this paper, a post-earthquake damage assessment method for 11 different structural systems is proposed. The method is mainly based on residual inter-story drift ratios of all structural elements in the building, an important response parameter due to its simplicity of measure after the earthquake. nearly 2000 test specimens representing structural elements characterized by different structural

ABSTRACT This study aims to develop a reliable ground motion model (GMM) for CAV by using ground motion (GM) recordings from the PEER NGA-West2 database. A total of 17,684 GM recordings are chosen and randomly separated into the training, validation, and testing datasets. The DNN is advanced by incorporating the refined second-order (RSO) neuron. The effect of seismological and site-specific parameters

ABSTRACT This paper presents a seismic pounding risk-based method to determine the minimum separation distance (MSD) between nonlinear adjacent buildings. In this method, subset simulation is extended to assess seismic pounding fragility and subsequent risk. The MSD is iteratively solved corresponding to a target pounding risk. First, the proposed method is applied to both linear and nonlinear mul

ABSTRACT It is an important study direction in the field of seismic engineering to accurately evaluate the damage degree of RC pier columns under seismic action in saline soil environment. Based on this, eight RC pier columns were designed and manufactured. Based on the residual drift of the specimen, a seismic damage assessment method suitable for saline soil environment was propsed. The corrosion

ABSTRACT This study investigates the inelastic displacement of structures subjected to earthquake-tsunami loadings. The relative intensity is defined as the ratio of the tsunami force per unit mass to the Sa of the corresponding ground motion. The effects of the hysteretic model, soil condition, post-yield stiffness, damping, and relative intensity on the inelastic displacement ratios are investigated

ABSTRACT In the present paper, a wide stock of internal and perimeter one-story precast frames has been investigated by incremental dynamic analysis, so providing the analytical fragility curve for each frame category for different fundamental vibrating periods. The interaction with nonstructural elements has been studied by considering three types of perimeter walls adopted in precast buildings. The

ABSTRACT Two new, highly efficient single-parameter seismic intensity measures (IMs), one structure-specific and one structure-independent, are proposed for use on both bare and infilled reinforced concrete frames. The efficiency of these IMs has been evaluated along with the efficiency of several other IMs and seismic parameters over a group of 1568 bare and infilled frames. The ability of the investigated

ABSTRACT This paper illustrates the results of an experimental campaign performed on a scale prototype of a base dissipator called Mini Tribological ROCKing Seismic Isolation Device. This device allows a smooth, controlled and damped rocking by means of frictional layers and viscous elastic springs, which aim at decoupling the frequencies of the superstructure, at dissipating energy during motion and

ABSTRACT Reinforced concrete buildings constitute a significant portion of construction in Australia. Many existing buildings in Australia and other low to moderate seismic regions have been designed with little to no consideration for ductile detailing. The majority of these buildings also possess vertical irregularities, which can exacerbate their vulnerability in an earthquake event. The seismic

ABSTRACT The performance of several regression methods is investigated to estimate the distribution of engineering demand parameters conditioned on intensity measures (EDP|IM) for small record sets. In particular, the performance of the multivariate ordinary least squares (OLS), a simultaneous mean-variance regression (MVR) done by a penalized weighted least-square loss function, and a mean-covariance/variance

ABSTRACT Tall buildings featuring transfer structures are commonly constructed in lower seismicity regions. Discontinuities in load paths of structural systems in the building were found to compromise ductility of the building. In a force-based seismic design procedure, response modification (R) factor is uncertain to cater for the undesirable features. This article presents a methodical approach for

ABSTRACT Eurocode 8 (EC8) allows the use of dynamic analysis for the design and assessment of structures and provides some constraints for the selection of acceleration time-histories as seismic input. However, when it comes to the selection of two-horizontal-component natural ground motion records, parts 1 and 2 of EC8, stipulate apparently different criteria. The first aim of this paper is to build

ABSTRACT This paper shows the experimental results of impact hammer tests conducted on sand and composite sand-polyurethane samples at different confining pressures. It was found that polyurethane can mitigate the propagation of waves generated by an impact, thereby influencing seismic isolation. Also, accelerations in the composite samples were reduced in relation to the percentage of polyurethane

ABSTRACT Hospitals play vital roles in mitigation and recovery in earthquake-hit communities. This paper aims to clarify the effect of physical damage on hospital organizations and represent a holistic method for the functionality assessment of a hospital. The efficiency of the method is demonstrated based on the case study of a general hospital. The results indicate that the functionality of hospitals

ABSTRACT This paper aims to present a numerical nonlinear spring model able to simulate the cyclic behavior of the monolithic and the precast bolted reinforced concrete beam-column connections with the consideration of the concrete interface friction and the dowel action of reinforcing steel bars. The accuracy of this proposed model was verified by the comparison with some existing experimental test

ABSTRACT The directional uncertainty of earthquakes significantly affects the results of seismic risk assessment and induces more critical responses by structures. This study assessed the seismic performance of a typical marine structure with high seismic vulnerability under the directional uncertainty of earthquakes. A concrete pile-supported wharf has been modeled in SAP2000 to implement damage analysis

ABSTRACT This paper presents an analytical solution to calculate the seismic earth pressure induced by Rayleigh wave in viscoelastic media using the three-dimensional wave propagation theory. Two soil-structure systems are considered: a substructure inserted into a homogeneous soil layer and a substructure surrounded by a multilayered soil profile. Closed-form solutions are proposed as functions of

ABSTRACT In this study, the seismic behaviors of strengthened three-dimensional frames, as in real-life structures, are presented. Three reinforced concrete (RC) frames, containing common structural deficiencies were constructed to represent existing older structures. The bare, damaged, and undamaged frames, strengthened by RC external shear walls with steel tie beams, were tested under a reversed

ABSTRACT Gauss–Newton algorithm is originally applied for estimating constant-ductility energy factor spectra of near- and far-fault ground motions. First, constant-ductility energy factors are clarified, a three-parameter exponential equation relating energy factor to period is proposed and estimation of parameters of the proposed equation by means of Gauss–Newton algorithm is fully demonstrated.

ABSTRACT This research proposes a surrogate model to predict the seismic response of individual structural elements in structures whose inherent vertical and horizontal irregularities result in components with different seismic vulnerabilities. A frequency-based data-driven model was developed which predominantly uses the frequency spectrum of earthquakes as input data. The seismic responses of several

ABSTRACT This paper presents an insight on the seismic response and seismic risk of base-isolated structures performed within the RINTC project, considering different configurations of rubber-based isolation systems. This represents an in-depth revision of past works due to the adoption of more robust and accurate isolator model. Four archetype 6-storeys RC frame buildings are examined, representing

ABSTRACT Modified Newmark method is proposed including the equivalent seismic loading and critical acceleration dependant on the dynamically exerted plastic yielding and tension cutoff effects along the base of the sliding mass. The fully nonlinear FE analysis is based on elasto-plastic Mohr-Coulomb material model. The proposed algorithm was validated in an example of 72 m high tailings dam. The Newmark