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Kinematics of the Reykjanes Ridge: Influence of the Iceland Hotspot on Plate Boundary Evolution J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Daniel Thorhallsson, Fernando Martinez, Richard Hey, Ármann Höskuldsson
The slow spreading Reykjanes Ridge overlies the Iceland hotspot and has undergone well ordered changes in crustal segmentation. Previous studies have attributed these changes to varying mantle plume thermal effects, rendering the lithosphere ductile or brittle. Here we use seafloor spreading magnetic anomalies to show that crustal accretion has been focused throughout its spreading history and to determine
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Archaeal Hydroxylated Isoprenoid GDGTs in Asian Lake Sediments: A New Tool for Terrestrial Paleotemperature Reconstructions Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Jie Wu, Huan Yang, Caiming Shen, Liping Zhu, Yi Yang, Shucheng Xie
Hydroxylated isoprenoid GDGTs (OH-GDGTs) have emerged as a novel tool for reconstructing sea surface temperatures. However, when using marine OH-GDGT calibration in lacustrine settings, it leads to a significant overestimation of temperatures, emphasizing the necessity for a thorough examination of OH-GDGTs in lakes. Here, we investigated OH-GDGT distributions in surface sediments from 65 lakes in
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Enhanced Mineral Preservation Rather Than Microbial Residue Production Dictates the Accrual of Mineral-Associated Organic Carbon Along a Weathering Gradient Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Erxiong Zhu, Zongguang Liu, Lixiao Ma, Jianing Luo, Enze Kang, Ya Wang, Yunpeng Zhao, Juan Jia, Xiaojuan Feng
Mineral preservation and microbial residue production are vital for the accumulation of mineral-associated organic carbon (MAOC) in soils. However, their relative importance and interactive effects remain unclear. Here MAOC content and composition are analyzed in tandem with soil mineral and microbial attributes along a weathering gradient on a volcanic soil sequence. We find that MAOC content increases
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Along-Strike Variations of Alaska Subduction Zone Structure and Hydration Determined From Amphibious Seismic Data J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Zongshan Li, Douglas A. Wiens, Weisen Shen, Donna J. Shillington
We develop a 3-D isotropic shear velocity model for the Alaska subduction zone using data from seafloor and land-based seismographs to investigate along-strike variations in structure. By applying ambient noise and teleseismic Helmholtz tomography, we derive Rayleigh wave group and phase velocity dispersion maps, then invert them for shear velocity structure using a Bayesian Monte Carlo algorithm.
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How Currents Trigger Extreme Sea Waves. The Roles of Stokes Drift, Eulerian Return Flow, and a Background Flow in the Open Ocean Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Yan Li, Amin Chabchoub
A deterministic system of ocean surface waves and flow in the oceanic boundary layer is key to understanding the dynamics of the upper ocean. For the description of such complex systems, a higher-order shear-current modified nonlinear Schrödinger equation is newly derived and then used to physically interpret the interplay between Stokes drift, Eulerian return flow due to a passing wave group, and
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Global Magnetic Reconnection During Sustained Sub-Alfvénic Solar Wind Driving Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 B. L. Burkholder, L.-J. Chen, M. Sarantos, D. J. Gershman, M. R. Argall, Y. Chen, C. Dong, F. D. Wilder, O. Le Contel, H. Gurram
When the solar wind speed falls below the local Alfvén speed, the magnetotail transforms into an Alfvén wing configuration. A Grid Agnostic Magnetohydrodynamics for Extended Research Applications (GAMERA) simulation of Earth's magnetosphere using solar wind parameters from the 24 April 2023 sub-Alfvénic interval is examined to reveal modifications of Dungey-type magnetotail reconnection during sustained
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Mars's Crustal and Volcanic Structure Explained by Southern Giant Impact and Resulting Mantle Depletion Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 K. W. Cheng, A. B. Rozel, G. J. Golabek, H. A. Ballantyne, M. Jutzi, P. J. Tackley
Mars features a crustal dichotomy, with its southern hemisphere covered by a thicker basaltic crust than its northern hemisphere. Additionally, the planet displays geologically recent volcanism only in its low latitude regions. Previous giant impact models coupled with simulations of mantle convection have shown that the crustal dichotomy can be explained by post-impact melt crystallization that emplaced
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Moisture Sources and Pathways of Annual Maximum Precipitation in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Shuyu Zhang, Gengxi Zhang, Guoqing Gong, Thian Yew Gan, Deliang Chen, Junguo Liu
Recent extremely heavy precipitation has led to substantial economic losses and affected millions of residences in the Lancang-Mekong River Basin (LMRB). This study analyzed the spatial-temporal characteristics of the annual maximum precipitation (R1X) of the LMRB and identified the moisture sources and pathways conducive to R1Xs using a Lagrangian back trajectory model. Results show that India Ocean
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Sediment Freeze-On and Transport Near the Onset of a Fast-Flowing Glacier in East Antarctica Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Steven Franke, Michael Wolovick, Reinhard Drews, Daniela Jansen, Kenichi Matsuoka, Paul D. Bons
Understanding the material properties and physical conditions of basal ice is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of Antarctic ice-sheet dynamics. Yet, direct data are sparse and difficult to acquire. Here, we employ ultra-wideband radar to map high-backscatter zones near the glacier bed within East Antarctica's Jutulstraumen drainage basin. Our backscatter analysis reveals that the basal ice
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Thermoelastic Properties of Fe3+-Rich Jeffbenite and Application to Superdeep Diamond Barometry Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Fei Qin, Fei Wang, Joseph R. Smyth, Dongzhou Zhang, Jingui Xu, Steven D. Jacobsen
Jeffbenite (Mg3Al2Si3O12) is a tetragonal phase found in so far only in superdeep diamonds, and its thermoelastic parameters are a prerequisite for determining entrapment pressures as it is regarded as a potential indicator for superdeep diamonds. In this study, the thermoelastic properties of synthetic Fe3+-jeffbenite were measured up to 33.7 GPa and 750 K. High-temperature static compression data
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Inferring Global Ocean Mass Increase From Tide Gauges Network With Climate Models Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Dapeng Mu, Ruhui Huang, Tianhe Xu, Haoming Yan
Ocean mass increase contributes to global sea level rise, and plays an important role in understanding climate change. Here, we develop a data assimilation approach that enables the inference of ocean mass increase from global tide gauge network. This approach incorporates outputs from climate models and sea level fingerprints caused by water mass changes over land areas. The results suggest a trend
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Effects of Mid-Latitude Oceanic Fronts on the Middle Atmosphere Through Upward Propagating Atmospheric Waves Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Y. Kawatani, H. Nakamura, S. Watanabe, K. Sato
The impact of mid-latitude oceanic frontal zones with sharp meridional sea-surface temperature (SST) gradients on the middle atmosphere circulation during austral winter is investigated by comparing two idealized experiments with a high-top gravity wave (GW) permitting general circulation model. Control run is performed with realistic frontal SST gradients, which are artificially smoothed in no-front
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The Unprecedented 2023 North China Heatwaves and Their S2S Predictability Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Huiwen Xiao, Peiqiang Xu, Lin Wang
This study unravels the characteristics, mechanisms, and predictability of four consecutive record-breaking heatwaves hitting North China in June and July 2023. The first three heatwaves primarily influenced the northern part of North China and were accompanied by consistent anticyclonic anomalies in the upper troposphere. The anomalous anticyclone was caused by the British–Baikal corridor teleconnection
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Generalizing Tree–Level Sap Flow Across the European Continent Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Ralf Loritz, Chen Huan Wu, Daniel Klotz, Martin Gauch, Frederik Kratzert, Maoya Bassiouni
Sap flow offers key insights about transpiration dynamics and forest-climate interactions. Accurately simulating sap flow remains challenging due to measurement uncertainties and interactions between global and local environmental controls. Addressing these complexities, this study leveraged Long Short-Term Memory networks (LSTMs) with SAPFLUXNET to predict hourly tree-level sap flow across Europe
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Slow Slip Events in New Zealand: Irregular, yet Predictable? Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 S. Truttmann, T. Poulet, L. Wallace, M. Herwegh, M. Veveakis
Current earthquake forecasting approaches are mainly based on probabilistic assumptions, as earthquakes seem to occur randomly. Such apparent randomness can however be caused by deterministic chaos, rendering deterministic short-term forecasts possible. Due to the short historical and instrumental record of earthquakes, chaos detection has proven challenging, but more frequently occurring slow slip
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The Impact of Serial Cyclone Clustering on Extremely High Sea Levels in the Baltic Sea Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Mika Rantanen, Daan van den Broek, Joona Cornér, Victoria A. Sinclair, Milla M. Johansson, Jani Särkkä, Terhi K. Laurila, Kirsti Jylhä
In the Baltic Sea, sea level variations are often very pronounced. During the winter season, storm surges caused by strong extratropical cyclones (ETCs) can have major societal impacts on coastal cities. In this study, using reanalysis-based cyclone tracks and in-situ tide gauge records, we show that serial cyclone clustering (SCC) leads to higher sea levels in the Baltic Sea than situations where
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Evaluation of Particle Scattering by Oxygen Ion Cyclotron Harmonic Waves in the Inner Magnetosphere Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Fei Yao, Kaijun Liu, Xiongdong Yu, Zhigang Yuan, Yan Wang, Kyungguk Min
The scattering of charged particles by oxygen ion cyclotron harmonic (OCH) waves in the inner magnetosphere is investigated by evaluating the relevant quasi-linear diffusion coefficients. Recent studies demonstrated that OCH waves are oxygen ion Bernstein modes and their complex kinetic dispersion relation has made it challenging to assess their role in scattering charged particles. The present study
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Impact of Direct Radar Reflectivity Data Assimilation on the Simulation of Mesoscale Descending Inflow and Secondary Eyewall Formation in Hurricane Matthew (2016) Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Tsung-Han Li, Xuguang Wang, Xu Lu
The impact of assimilating ground-based radar reflectivity on the rainband structure and secondary eyewall formation (SEF) of Hurricane Matthew (2016) is investigated within the framework of the Hurricane Weather Research and Forecasting model and its hybrid three-dimensional ensemble-variational data assimilation (DA) system. Compared to the control experiment (no radar reflectivity DA), the radar
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Assessment of a New Global Ocean Reanalysis in ENSO Predictions With NOAA UFS Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Jieshun Zhu, Wanqiu Wang, Arun Kumar, Yanyun Liu, David DeWitt
As an update on the current NOAA/NCEP operational ocean reanalysis systems, a new system named GLobal Ocean Reanalysis (GLORe) is recently built up based on the JEDI-SOCA 3DVar scheme. In this study, the quality of GLORe is assessed in initializing ENSO predictions using the NOAA Unified Forecast System (UFS). In details, initialized by GLORe, 9-month ensemble hindcasts are conducted from each May/November
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Quantifying ENSOs Impact on Australia's Regional Monthly Rainfall Risk Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Shayne McGregor, Ailie Gallant, Peter van Rensch
The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is considered an important driver of rainfall variability in Australia, amongst many other global locations. Despite knowledge of the expected modulation of seasonal rainfall by ENSO, there is no consistently used method to quantify the role that specific ENSO events play in driving the observed anomalous rainfall. In this manuscript we adapt the Fraction of
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Linking Future Tropical Precipitation Changes to Zonally-Asymmetric Large-Scale Meridional Circulation Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Dana Raiter, Eli Galanti, Rei Chemke, Yohai Kaspi
Projected tropical precipitation changes by the end of the century include increased net precipitation over the Pacific Ocean and drying over the Indian Ocean, prompting ongoing debate about the underlying mechanisms. Previous studies argued for the importance of the zonal circulation in the longitudinally dependent tropical precipitation response, as the meridional circulation is often defined and
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Long-Term Variability of Mars' Exosphere Density Based on Precise Orbital Analysis of Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Mars Odyssey Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 J. M. Forbes, S. L. Bruinsma, X. Zhang, J.-C. Marty, S. Laurens
The variability of Mars exosphere over monthly to solar-cycle scales at 251 and 412 km altitude is quantified by analysis of 41-Ls mean densities derived from precise orbit determination of the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) and Mars Odyssey (MO) satellites, respectively. The data encompass 2006–2020 (MRO) and 2002–2020 (MO). At both altitudes, most of the variance is captured by cos(Ls–ϕ), where
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Regime Shifts in Lake Oxygen and Temperature in the Rapidly Warming High Arctic Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Yohanna Klanten, Sally MacIntyre, Cameron Fitzpatrick, Warwick F. Vincent, Dermot Antoniades
Global warming is destabilizing the cryosphere, with consequences for glaciers, permafrost, sea ice and lake ice. Polar lakes have short ice-free seasons, and small changes in ice cover duration have the potential to provoke alterations to ecosystem structure. However, these lakes are understudied, and the consequences for mixing regimes, thermal structures and biogeochemical processes remain unclear
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Modeled Flooding by Tsunamis and a Storm Versus Observed Extent of Coral Erratics on Anegada, British Virgin Islands—Further Evidence for a Great Caribbean Earthquake Six Centuries Ago J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Yong Wei, Uri S. ten Brink, Brian F. Atwater
Models of near-field tsunamis and an extreme hurricane provide further evidence for a great precolonial earthquake along the Puerto Rico Trench. The models are benchmarked to brain-coral boulders and cobbles on Anegada, 125 km south of the trench. The models are screened by their success in flooding the mapped sites of these erratics, which were emplaced some six centuries ago. Among 25 tsunami scenarios
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Broadband Love Wave Phase Velocity Maps Based on Modified Double-Beamforming of Ambient Noise Cross-Correlations J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Kaifeng Zhao, Yingjie Yang, Yinhe Luo
Ambient noise tomography has become a popular method in the past two decades to image the crust and uppermost mantle structure. To date, broadband Rayleigh wave signals can be obtained from ambient noise, which can be utilized to study the earth's interior structure from the surface down to ∼200–300 km depths. However, it is hard to extract intermediate- and long-period (>50 s) Love wave signals from
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Upper-Mantle Anisotropy in the Southeastern Margin of Tibetan Plateau Revealed by Fullwave SKS Splitting Intensity Tomography J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Yi Lin, Li Zhao
The southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau has undergone complex deformation since the Cenozoic, resulting in a high level of seismicity and seismic hazard. Knowledge about the seismic anisotropy provides important insight about the deformation mechanism and the regional seismotectonics beneath this tectonically active region. In this study, we conduct fullwave multi-scale tomography to investigate
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Hematite Frictional Behavior and He Loss From Comminution During Deformation Experiments at Slow Slip Rates J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 A. A. DiMonte, A. K. Ault, G. Hirth, C. D. Meyers
Deformation experiments on hematite characterize its slip-rate dependent frictional properties and deformation mechanisms. These data inform interpretations of slip behavior from exhumed hematite-coated faults and present-day deformation at depth. We used a rotary-shear apparatus to conduct single-velocity and velocity-step experiments on polycrystalline specular hematite rock (∼17 μm average plate
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Uppermost Mantle Pn Velocity and Anisotropy Structures Beneath the Sakhalin–Kuril–Kamchatka Region J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Yan Lü, Yuhui He, Juan Li, Shunping Pei, Qi-Fu Chen, Qingju Wu
In this study, we used the Pn tomography method to obtain detailed velocity and anisotropy structures of the uppermost mantle beneath Sakhalin–Kuril–Kamchatka region for improving the understanding of plate subduction, arc–arc collision, and volcanism. We found low Pn velocities beneath volcanoes and areas characterized by pronounced tectonic activity and high Pn velocities with strong anisotropy in
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The different effects of polished and post-slip roughnesses on fault stability Tectonophysics (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Yan-Qun Zhuo, Peixun Liu, Yanshuang Guo, Hao Chen, Lei Zhang, Shunyun Chen
Linking fault morphology to its mechanical properties in laboratory experiments may shed some light on analyzing the seismogenic potential of a natural fault. Many previous experiments suggested that increasing the roughness of a polished fault tends to stabilize the fault. Furthermore, the roughness of faults, both experimental and natural, spontaneously evolves during slip. Here, we investigate the
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Neogene–Quaternary initiation of the Southern Malawi Rift and linkage to the reactivated Carboniferous–Jurassic Shire Rift Tectonophysics (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Oyewande Ojo, Stuart N. Thomson, Daniel A. Laó-Dávila
Low-temperature thermochronology studies record Miocene rift initiation of the Northern Malawi Rift. However, no such studies are available that constrain the onset time of rifting of the Southern Malawi Rift, and Cenozoic reactivation of the older Carboniferous-Jurassic Shire Rift. Here we present thermal history models derived from new apatite fission-track and (U-Th-Sm)/He data from the footwalls
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On the Inner-Core Differential-Rotation (Un)Resolvability From Earthquake Doublets: The Traps of Data Selection Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Hrvoje Tkalčić
The phenomenon of differential rotation of the Earth's inner core relative to the mantle is a subject of interest in geodynamo modeling that has been validated by seismological observations, mainly via the earthquake-doublets method. Although recent studies converge on the time-varying differential rotation of the inner core relative to the mantle, favoring a decadal variation, the inferred models
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Influence of Subsurface Critical Zone Structure on Hydrological Partitioning in Mountainous Headwater Catchments Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Hang Chen, Qifei Niu, James P. McNamara, Alejandro N. Flores
Headwater catchments play a vital role in regional water supply and ecohydrology, and a quantitative understanding of the hydrological partitioning in these catchments is critically needed, particularly under a changing climate. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of subsurface critical zone (CZ) structure in modulating the partitioning of precipitation in mountainous catchments; however
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Characteristics of Station-Derived Convective Cold Pools Over Equatorial Africa Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Jannik Hoeller, Jan O. Haerter, Nicolas A. Da Silva
Due to their potential role in organizing tropical mesoscale convective systems, a better understanding of cold pool (CP) dynamics in such regions is critical, particularly over land where the diurnal cycle further concentrates convective activity. Numerical models help disentangle the processes involved but often lack observational benchmarks. To close this gap, we analyze nearly 43 years of five-minute
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Long- and Short-Term Effects of Seismic Waves and Coseismic Pressure Changes on Fractured Aquifers J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Yan Zhang, Michael Manga, Li-Yun Fu, Huai Zhang, Tianming Huang, Qiuye Yang, Zhen-Dong Cui, Shengwen Qi, Yuan Huang
Two adjacent groundwater wells on the North China Platform are used to study how earthquakes impacted aquifers. We use the response of water level to solid Earth tides to document changes after earthquakes and how aquifer and fracture properties recovered to pre-earthquake properties. We consider two models for the phase and amplitude of water level response to the lunar diurnal (O1) and semidiurnal
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Ambient Noise Interferometry Using Ocean Bottom Seismometer Data From Active Source Experiments Conducted in the Southernmost Mariana Trench J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Yayun Zhang, Min Xu, Zhuo Xiao, Yong Zhou, Chuanhai Yu, Jian Lin, Hongfeng Yang, Xuelin Qiu
Ocean bottom seismometers (OBSs) have been used to detect submarine structural and tectonic information for decades. According to signal source controllability, OBS data have generally been classified into active and passive source data categories. The former mainly focuses on the compressional wave (P-wave) velocity inversion and always lacks valid information about the shear wave (S-wave) velocity
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High-Resolution Intrashell Oxygen Isotope Studies of Cathaica fasciola and Bradybaena ravida Land Snails and Their Environmental Implications Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Qianya Li, Jibao Dong, Hong Yan, Huayu Huang, Xiulan Zong, Guozhen Wang, Chengcheng Liu, Yunning Cao, Weiguo Liu, Zhisheng An
Intrashell oxygen isotope (δ18Os) analyses of terrestrial snails have been carried out over two decades. However, the intraspecies/interspecies differences are not yet well understood. Here, we conducted a high-resolution intrashell δ18Os study on 43 shells from Cathaica fasciola and Bradybaena ravida, and 1449 δ18Os data were obtained. These large amounts of data demonstrate the reproducibility of
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Elevation Anomalies of the Volcanic Floor Unit and Their Relationships to the Multiple Lakes of Jezero Crater, Mars Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 A. M. Annex, B. L. Ehlmann
We reassessed several orbital topographic data sets for the Perseverance rover landing site at Jezero Crater, Mars to better understand its floor units. Tens-of-meters deep topographic anomalies occur in the volcanic floor of Jezero crater and are not a result of impact cratering. Eight km-scale steep escarpment-bounded depressions may be locations of paleotopographic highs that were embayed by the
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Coupled Climate Models Systematically Underestimate Radiation Response to Surface Warming Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Dirk Olonscheck, Maria Rugenstein
A realistic representation of top-of-the-atmosphere (TOA) radiation response to surface warming is key for trusting climate model projections. We show that coupled models with freely evolving ocean-atmosphere interactions systematically underestimate the observed global TOA radiation trend during 2001–2022 in 552 simulations. Locally, even if a simulation spontaneously reproduces observed surface temperature
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Vertical Velocity Diagnosed From Surface Data With Machine Learning Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Jing He, Amala Mahadevan
Submesoscale vertical velocities, w, are important for the oceanic transport of heat and biogeochemical properties, but observing w is challenging. New remote sensing technologies of horizontal surface velocity at O(1) km resolution can resolve surface submesoscale dynamics and offer promise for diagnosing w subsurface. Using machine learning models, we examine relationships between the three-dimensional
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Subduction transforms azimuthal anisotropy in the Juan de Fuca plate Tectonophysics (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Xingyu Ren, Xin Liu, Dapeng Zhao
To clarify the internal structure of the oceanic lithosphere-asthenosphere system, here we determine a new 3-D model of azimuthal anisotropic shear-wave velocity (Vs) down to ~200 km depth from the Juan de Fuca (JdF) mid-ocean ridge to the Cascadia subduction zone, by inverting newly measured teleseismic fundamental mode Rayleigh-wave phase and amplitude data at periods of 25–100 s. The JdF lithosphere
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Depth Dependent Dynamics Explain the Equatorial Jet Difference Between Jupiter and Saturn Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Keren Duer, Eli Galanti, Yohai Kaspi
Jupiter's equatorial eastward zonal flows reach wind velocities of ∼100 m s−1, while on Saturn they are three times as strong and extend about twice as wide in latitude, despite the two planets being overall dynamically similar. Recent gravity measurements obtained by the Juno and Cassini spacecraft uncovered that the depth of zonal flows on Saturn is about three times greater than on Jupiter. Here
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How Does the Southern Annular Mode Control Surface Melt in East Antarctica? Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Dominic Saunderson, Andrew N. Mackintosh, Felicity S. McCormack, Richard S. Jones, Christiaan T. van Dalum
Surface melt in East Antarctica is strongly correlated with the Southern Annular Mode (SAM) index, but the spatiotemporal variability of the relationship, and the physical processes responsible for it, have not been examined. Here, using melt flux estimates and climate variables from the RACMO2.3p3 regional climate model, we show that a decreasing SAM index is associated with increased melt in Dronning
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Type-B Crystallographic Preferred Orientation in Olivine Induced by Dynamic Dehydration of Antigorite in Forearc Regions J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Wenlong Liu, Yi Cao, Jianfeng Li, Maoshuang Song, Haijun Xu, Yongfeng Wang, Xiang Wu, Junfeng Zhang, David L. Kohlstedt
The crystallographic preferred orientation (CPO) of olivine, specifically the type-B characterized by c-axes aligned parallel to lineation and b-axes concentrated perpendicular to foliation, is essential for explaining the trench-parallel seismic anisotropy in the forearc regions of subduction zones. However, its origin remains a subject of ambiguity and controversy. In this study, we present experimental
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Structure and Tectonic Evolution of the NW Sulu Sea Basin (SE Asia) J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Patricia Cadenas, César R. Ranero
We discuss the tectonic structure, seismic stratigraphy and evolution of the NW Sulu Sea using reprocessed 2D reflection profiles. The NW Sulu Sea is located between the Palawan continental shelf and the Cagayan Ridge and represents the northern part of the Sulu Sea, a marginal sea resulting from Paleogene extension and subsequent Neogene contraction due to convergence between the Palawan and the Philippine
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Thermal Stability of F-Rich Phlogopite and K-Richterite During Partial Melting of Metasomatized Mantle Peridotite With Implications for Deep Earth Volatile Cycles J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 E. S. Steenstra, M. Klaver, J. Berndt, S. Flemetakis, A. Rohrbach, S. Klemme
Phlogopite and K-richterite constitute important carrier phases for H and F in Earth's lithosphere and mantle. The relative importance depends on their stabilities at high pressure and temperature, which in turn depends on bulk composition. Most previous experimental studies focused on the thermal stability of phlogopite and K-richterite were conducted using simplified chemical compositions. Here,
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High-Temperature Deformation of Enstatite-Olivine Aggregates J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 M. Bystricky, J. Lawlis, S. Mackwell, F. Heidelbach
Synthesized polycrystalline samples composed of enstatite and olivine with different volumetric ratios were deformed in compression under anhydrous conditions in a Paterson gas-medium apparatus at 1150–1300°C, an oxygen fugacity buffered at Ni/NiO, and confining pressures of 300 or 450 MPa (protoenstatite or orthoenstatite fields). Mechanical data suggest a transition from diffusion to dislocation
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Low δ18O and δ30Si TTG at ca. 2.3 Ga Hints at an Intraplate Rifting Onset of the Paleoproterozoic Supercontinent Cycle J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Yanyan Zhou, Mingguo Zhai, Ross N. Mitchell, Peter A. Cawood, Guangyu Huang, Christopher J. Spencer, Mimi Chen, Yibing Li, Taiping Zhao, Tengfei Wu
The start of the Paleoproterozoic supercontinent cycle is typically taken as the initiation of orogenesis at ca. 2.1 Ga leading to the assembly of Earth's first supercontinent, Columbia. However, the dearth of ca. 2.5–2.2 Ga geological records makes it difficult to deduce tectonic factors during the onset of the Paleoproterozoic supercontinent cycle. The petrogenesis of tonalite–trondhjemite–granodiorite
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Sensitivity of GNSS-Derived Estimates of Terrestrial Water Storage to Assumed Earth Structure J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Matthew J. Swarr, Hilary R. Martens, Yuning Fu
Geodetic methods can monitor changes in terrestrial water storage (TWS) across large regions in near real-time. Here, we investigate the effect of assumed Earth structure on TWS estimates derived from Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) displacement time series. Through a series of synthetic tests, we systematically explore how the spatial wavelength of water load affects the error of TWS estimates
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Wildfire Smoke Directly Changes Biogenic Volatile Organic Emissions and Photosynthesis of Ponderosa Pines Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 M. Riches, T. C. Berg, M. P. Vermeuel, Dylan B. Millet, D. K. Farmer
Wildfires are increasing across the USA. While smoke events affect human exposure and air quality, wildfire smoke effects on ecosystem-atmosphere interactions are poorly understood. We investigate smoke effects on biogenic volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions and photosynthesis for ponderosa pines. During several wildfire smoke events, we observed photosynthetic reduction with evidence for stomatal
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Research on the Quantitative Evaluation of the Three-Dimensional Seismic Resilience of Power Systems Based on an Improved Genetic Algorithm J. Earthq. Eng. (IF 2.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Xiaohang Liu, Shansuo Zheng, Hao Zheng, Xiaoyu Zhang, Zetian Liang
In this study, a three-dimensional (3D) performance function is established to evaluate 3D seismic resilience, and a multiobjective optimization scheduling model based on node importance and repair...
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Issue Information Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11
No abstract is available for this article.
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Crustal shear wave velocity and radial anisotropy beneath the Mississippi embayment from ambient noise tomography Tectonophysics (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Chunyu Liu, Wei Yang, Weitao Wang
Imaging of shallow multiple basins and middle to lower crustal structure beneath the Mississippi embayment is still limited. No tomography studies have delineated multiple basins as effectively as those from reflection and drilling experiments. Several studies have constructed different velocity models for the middle to lower crust. We take advantage of the Northern Embayment Lithosphere Experiment
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Geometry, slip rate, and the latest earthquake of the Jinta Nanshan Fault: Interactions of the Altyn Tagh Fault and the Qilian Shan at the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau Tectonophysics (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Bo Zhang, Mark B. Allen, Yunsheng Yao, Junwen Zhu, Ming Wu, Weitong Wang, Yameng Wen, Wengui He, Zhongsheng Lei, Wei Pang
This work presents a study of late Quaternary activity on the Jinta Nanshan Fault (JTF), to constrain its properties including seismic hazard, and to understand the tectonic evolution of the northern edge of the Tibetan Plateau. The JTF has developed during northeastward growth of the Qilian fold-and-thrust belt and eastward growth of the Altyn Tagh Fault. Based on remotely-sensed image interpretation
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Mesozoic structural evolution of the Northern South China Sea margin using potential field modelling Tectonophysics (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Syed Wajid Hanif Bukhari, Sanzhong Li, Jie Liu, Ze Liu, Muhammad Farhan, Ishaq Kakar
This study conducts a comprehensive geophysical inspection of the Northern South China Sea Margin (NSCSM), a complex and pivotal area for unraveling the tectonic history of Southeast China. We employ structural interpretation of the gravity and magnetic data by applying processing techniques and 2D forward modelling to delineate and subdivide the primary subsurface structures, and also to identify
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Crust and upper mantle S wave velocity structure in eastern Turkey based on ambient noise tomography Tectonophysics (IF 2.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Peng Wang, Juqing Chen, Xuping Feng, Lei Pan, Xiaofei Chen
Eastern Turkey is an ideal location to study continental collision, which is manifested here by the presence of extensive volcanism and rapid tectonic uplift. To better understand the relationship between these surface phenomena and underground structures, we collect continuous waveform data from 121 seismic stations in the region to investigate the S wave velocity structure of the crust and upper
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A New Negative Carbon Isotope Interval Caused by Manganese Redox Cycling After the Shuram Excursion J. Geophys. Res. Solid Earth (IF 3.9) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Bin Zhang, Jian Cao, Kai Hu, Zhiwei Liao, Ruijie Zhang, Yi Zhang, Chunhua Shi, Kurt O. Konhauser
Several negative C isotope excursions (CIEs) occurred at the end of the Neoproterozoic era which have been generally attributed to the oxidation of organic carbon using sulfate as the terminal electron acceptor and the subsequent release of 13C-depleted dissolved inorganic C (DIC). Based on new analyses from the Doushantuo Formation in South China, we observe a negative C isotope excursion right after
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CS2 Cycling in Seawater: Dark Production and UV Light Driven Consumption Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 S. T. Lennartz, H. Simon, D. Booge, L. Zhou, C. Marandino
Carbon disulfide (CS2) has recently gained attention as an important precursor for the atmospheric trace gas carbonyl sulfide (OCS), which delivers sulfur to the stratospheric sulfur layer and impacts the radiative budget of the Earth. CS2 is naturally produced in the ocean and emitted to the atmosphere. However, the magnitude of its marine emissions is only poorly constrained due to lacking understanding
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Reconstruction of 3D DPR Observations Using GMI Radiances Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Yunfan Yang, Wei Han, Haofei Sun, Hejun Xie, Zhiqiu Gao
Three-dimensional global precipitation observation is crucial for understanding climate and weather dynamics. While spaceborne precipitation radars provide precise but limited observations, passive microwave imagers are available much more frequently. In this study, we propose a deep learning approach to reconstruct active radar observations using passive microwave radiances. We introduce the Hybrid
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New Magnetotelluric Data Reveal Deep Fault Boundaries and Contrasting Late Cenozoic Fault Kinematics Between the Qilian Shan Thrust Wedge and Beishan-Alxa Block, Western China Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Haibo Yang, Xiangyu Sun, Yan Zhan, Xiaoping Yang, Dickson Cunningham, Lingqiang Zhao, Yuqi Zuo
The structural connectivity and kinematic relationship between the Altyn Tagh sinistral strike-slip fault (ATF) and Qilian Shan fold-and-thrust belt along the north Tibetan margin east of 96°E is an important question for tectonicists interested in the evolving active deformation field of Central Asia and associated earthquake hazards of China's Hexi Corridor region. New results from a detailed 130-km-long
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Byrd Ice Core Debris Constrains the Sediment Provenance Signature of Central West Antarctica Geophys. Res. Lett. (IF 5.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 J. W. Marschalek, P.-H. Blard, E. Sarigulyan, W. Ehrmann, S. R. Hemming, S. N. Thomson, C.-D. Hillenbrand, K. Licht, J.-L. Tison, L. Ardoin, F. Fripiat, C. S. Allen, Y. Marrocchi, M. J. Siegert, T. van de Flierdt
Provenance records from sediments deposited offshore of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet (WAIS) can help identify past major ice retreat, thus constraining ice-sheet models projecting future sea-level rise. Interpretations from such records are, however, hampered by the ice obscuring Antarctica's geology. Here, we explore central West Antarctica's subglacial geology using basal debris from within the Byrd