The Pliensbachian-Toarcian sedimentary rocks of the Median Subbetic (Betic Cordillera, SE Spain) were deposited in the South Iberian Palaeomargin under hemipelagic conditions. In the Arroyo Mingarrón section (SE Spain) these deposits are composed by a marl and marl and limestone alternation with abundant radiolarians. The application of magnetic susceptibility and gamma ray spectrometry to these deposits

In order to explore the actual impact of urban spatial morphology on real near-surface wind speed on the urban scale, taking Beijing, China as an example，this study adopted an urban-rural ratio method to construct a WsR (wind speed ratio) to quantify the impact of urbanization on the near-surface wind speed. The spatial morphological parameters such as building height, building density (BD), building

The quality of probabilistic precipitation and zonal wind forecasts from National Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasting (NCMRWF) Global Ensemble Prediction System (NEPS-G) is investigated for Indian summer monsoon period between June–September 2018. Integrated Multi-satellite Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (IMERG GPM) are used for verification of precipitation forecasts. The

Aerosol is a critical trace component of the atmosphere. Many processes in the Earth’s climate system are intimately related to aerosols via their direct and indirect radiative effects. Aerosol effects are not limited to these climatic aspects, however. They are also closely related to human health, photosynthesis, new energy, etc., which makes aerosol a central focus in many research fields. A fundamental

In the context of global warming, precipitation (P) and temperature (T) are the most important climate indicators playing important roles in the hydrological cycle. Nevertheless, the response of their dependency structures to the changing environment is not clearly revealed on a regional or global scale. To this end, the non-stationarity of the precipitation-temperature (P-T) dependency structure was

The aim of this study is to reveal the direct radiative effect of aerosols on global solar shortwave radiation in the region of peak Musala, which has specific climatic and environmental conditions. Correlations between the measured global solar shortwave radiation and the total aerosol content, Ångström exponent in the visible spectrum, absorption of radiation by aerosols, scattering of radiation

One of the primary challenges associated with evaluating smoke models is the availability of observations. The limited density of traditional air quality monitoring networks makes evaluating wildfire smoke transport challenging, particularly over regions where smoke plumes exhibit significant spatiotemporal variability. In this study, we analyzed smoke dispersion for the 2018 Pole Creek and Bald Mountain

The East Asian westerly jet (EAWJ) features large seasonal variations in its intensity and position and exerts profound influences on local precipitation. In this study, we found the amplified seasonality of the EAWJ in response to the mid‐Holocene forcing. Compared with the preindustrial, the summer EAWJ significantly weakens by 20 ± 4% and shifts northward by 4 ± 2° during the mid‐Holocene, while

The samples of atmospheric total suspended particle (TSP) were obtained at the remote Tibetan site (named Lulang) from November 2015 to November 2016. The seasonal characteristics of n‐alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) variations, and their correlations to brown carbon (BrC) light absorption in TSP were investigated. Elevated TSP n‐alkanes and PAHs levels were observed in winter (2.8

The present study investigates long-term variation in aerosol optical properties (AOP) and their associated climatic implications over selected cities of Chitral, Gwadar, Karachi, Lahore, Peshawar and Quetta in Pakistan for the period 2005–2018. For this purpose, aerosol optical depth (AOD) and aerosol index (AI) are retrieved from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) and Ozone Monitoring

We perform a superposed epoch analysis on two groups of selected geospace disturbance events, emerging from single and isolated interplanetary drivers, and resulting in either the enhancement or the depletion of the average relativistic electron Phase Space Density (PSD). We investigate the occurrence of behavioural/temporal patterns of solar wind and geomagnetic parameters, chorus and ULF Pc5 wave

An attempt has been made to understand the effect of the cirrus clouds on the tropical tropopause thermal structure over a tropical station Gadanki (13.45oN, 79.2oE) using regular radiosonde observation at 12:00Z and CALIPSO measurements at the closest proximity to Gadanki during 2006–2013. As the CALIPSO and radiosonde observation timings are not simultaneous, we considered only those cases when cirrus

In theory, the same sea-ice models could be used for both research and operations, but in practice, differences in scientific and software requirements and computational and human resources complicate the matter. Although sea-ice modeling tools developed for climate studies and other research applications produce output of interest to operational forecast users, such as ice motion, convergence, and

The Gini coefficient, Palma ratio, and the ratio of the percentage of tornadoes occurring on days with 20+ tornadoes to the percentage of tornadoes occurring on days with 1–9 tornadoes were used to measure the concentration of tornadoes in the USA for each year over the period 1954–2017. The Gini coefficient and Palma ratio were also used to measure the concentration of tornado power. All three metrics

The aim of this paper is to understand the role of the macrocirculation factor in shaping the dynamics of long-term bioclimatic conditions, with reference to Kłodzko in the Polish part of the Central Sudetes. The variability of bioclimatic conditions in Kłodzko for the period 1966–2017 was analysed, exposing its local specificity. The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) was taken as an indicator

This study presents daily high-resolution (5 km × 5 km) grids of mean, minimum, and maximum temperature and relative humidity for Germany and its catchment areas, from 1951 to 2015. These observational datasets (HYRAS) are based upon measurements gathered for Germany and its neighbouring countries, in total more than 1300 stations, gridded in two steps: first, the generation of a background field,

Climate change introduces an uncertain risk to power plant operations as ambient conditions potentially constrain generation through thermodynamic limitations. Previous studies aiming to quantify this risk have suggested a wide range of results, from minimal to disastrous capacity loss. In this analysis, we used a power plant modeling tool to study how a variety of power plant configurations respond

We consider propagation of surface Transverse Electric (TE) waves in a rod filled with nonlinear metamaterial medium. The problem is reduced to the analysis of a nonlinear integral equation with a kernel in the form of the Green function of an auxiliary boundary value problem on an interval. The existence of propagating nonlinear surface TE waves for the chosen nonlinearity (Kerr law) is proved using

Mercury is a toxic element that is dispersed globally through the atmosphere. Accurately measuring airborne mercury concentrations aids understanding of the pollutant’s sources, distribution, cycling, and trends. We deployed MerPAS® passive air samplers (PAS) for ~4 weeks during each season, from spring 2019 to winter 2020, to determine gaseous elemental mercury (GEM) levels at six locations along

Since March 2012, multi-year ground-based observation of atmospheric aerosol particles has been carried out in Tsukuba, Japan to characterize the aerosol particle number concentrations (NCs), air mass origin relevance, and specifically, their cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) and ice nucleating particle (INP) characteristics. The CCN NCs at any water supersaturation (SS) exhibit strong seasonality, being

Disentangling the role of natural and anthropogenic factors is a major challenge in paleofire studies. Here, we introduce the molecular biomarkers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs), combined with charcoal and black carbon in sediments of archaeological sites, to identify anthropogenic signals of environmental change during the middle Holocene. In the prehistoric period, an intensified-fire

Eolian dust activity studies on the arid Central Asia (ACA), one of the world's largest dust sources, are of great importance to the global climatic system. Grain size distributions (GSDs) can provide information on sediment sources, transport processes and sedimentary environments. As a result, GSD is the most frequently applied proxy in reconstruction of past eolian dust activities of the ACA using

Extreme weather events are reported to have severe effects on rural households in the developing world. This study uses a unique and comparable panel dataset of about 4000 rural households collected in three years (2010, 2013, and 2016) from Northeast Thailand and Central Vietnam to examine and compare the welfare effects of floods, droughts, and storms reported to be experienced by rural households

In this work, we investigated the correlation between the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index and the rainfall trend in Tuscany (Italy) by using a large number of rain gauges for a high-resolution spatial scale study in a region characterized by significant morphological and climatic variability and equipped with an efficient measurement network. The relationship between NAO and rainfall was calculated

The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) area is becoming increasingly polluted with ground level ozone, making the prediction of ozone particularly important. This study uses a deep learning approach to forecast ozone concentrations over the YRD region of eastern China. We propose an attention-based sequence to sequence model for ozone concentration prediction, which addresses the dynamic, spatial, temporal

PM2.5 and chemical species of water-soluble inorganic ions, carbon components as well as elements were simultaneously measured by online and offline methods in Tianjin, China. Online measured PM2.5, total carbon, and major ions showed good agreement with offline results (r > 0.7), while obvious differences were found for most elements with correlation coefficients lower than 0.6. Online measured ions

The richness of measurements obtained by Proton-Transfer Reactions Mass Spectrometry (PTR-MS) has opened a new paradigm for the quantification of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). A wide range of compounds can be monitored, however, each detected signal is subject to a compound assignment instead of actual identification because PTR techniques are mass-selective and isomers cannot be separately measured

The present study investigates the annual displacement of ITCZ and its role in forming and strengthening the precipitation systems in the southern part of Iran. To this end, the daily precipitation data of 71 meteorological stations were received. Then, the precipitation systems throughout cold seasons (October to May) were extracted. Next, the systems with maximum precipitation average were selected

Stratospheric water vapor (SWV) changes, in response to increasing CO2, as a feedback component may play an important role in the Earth's energy budget. It has drawn extensive studies in the past decade. Here, we calculate the SWV climate feedback using the 150‐year CO2 forcing (1pctCO2) simulations in the CMIP6 ensemble of models. All models robustly show a moistening of the stratosphere, causing

The Himalayas and Tibetan Plateau, identified as the Third Pole (TP), is a unique region because of its insertion into global environmental and climatic changes. Deposition of atmospheric nitrate in this region is one of the most important sources of reactive nitrogen to glacial‐hydrologic system and ecosystems. The isotopic composition of atmospherically deposited nitrate preserved in ice bodies plays

The majority of the aerosol particle number (condensation nuclei or CN) in the marine boundary layer (MBL) consists of sulfate and organic compounds that have been shown to provide a large fraction of the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Here we use submicron non‐refractory Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) and filter measurements of organic and sulfate components of aerosol particles measured during

The west coast of India, dominated by the Western Ghats mountain range, is among the rainiest places in the tropics. The interaction between the land‐sea contrast of the coast, the monsoonal westerlies, and the oblique mountains is subject to complex intraseasonal variability, which has not previously been explored in depth. This study investigates that variability from the perspective of the land‐sea

Meteorological drought is analyzed both in time and space by using drought indices based on site-specific precipitation and temperature data. Departure of precipitation from its normal called in this study as the Dimensionless Precipitation Anomaly Index (DPAI) is used at annual scale, while the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) using precipitation and the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration

Regional climate models (RCMs) are used to dynamically downscale global climate models (GCMs) to provide high-resolution projections of future climate change to better inform policy and decision making at the regional scale. However, biases from GCMs are transferred to RCMs and this can limit the usefulness of the regional climate projections. This paper investigates the influence of bias correcting

In this paper, the level of air quality in ten highly polluted cities in California US state is investigated by looking at persistence and seasonality properties of the time series based on fractional integration framework. Five pollutants, which are carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and fine and coarse particulate matters (PM2.5 and PM10), for ten selected cities, including

Over the past three decades, research on the established linkages between solid waste management and psychological models has progressed rapidly. This informs statutory bodies that wish to design an effective solid waste management system. To further address this crucial task, this paper examined the existing literature on behavioral approaches applied to the study of solid waste. Through a systematic

Cooking is one of the most significant indoor sources of particles. This study investigated residential cooking and kitchen ventilation behaviors in Canadian homes, using data from 132 households in Halifax and Edmonton. Only 27% of the cooking activities were conducted with added ventilation (range hood use 10%, window opening 15%, and both 2%). The use pattern of the range hood was associated with

This study aimed to investigate the influence of hydrological model calibration/validation on discharge projections for three large river basins (the Rhine, Upper Mississippi and Upper Yellow). Three hydrological models (HMs), which have been firstly calibrated against the monthly discharge at the outlet of each basin (simple calibration), were re-calibrated against the daily discharge at the outlet

The total solar eclipse over the continental United States on August 21, 2017 offered a unique opportunity to study the dependence of the ionospheric density and morphology on incident solar radiation at different local times. The Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) radars in Christmas Valley, Oregon and Fort Hays, Kansas are located slightly southward of the line of totality; they both made

No abstract is available for this article

It was 100 years ago (on August 7, 1920), that the comprehensive mathematical foundations of climate change research, written by a Serbian researcher, Milutin Milankovitch, were published. A later interpreter and developer of his results, Georg (in Hungarian: György) Bacsák (Pozsony/Pressburg/Bratislava, June 5, 1870 - Fonyód, March 4, 1970) was born 150 years ago and died at the age of one hundred

We have investigated the spatio-temporal evolution of disturbed time post mid-night Equatorial Plasma Bubbles (EPBs) using Canadian Advanced Digital Ionosonde (CADI) located at dip equatorial station, Tirunelveli (8.73°N, 77.7°E, 0.23°N Dip. Lat.), all-sky imager (ASI) observations at low latitude station Panhala (16.48oN, 74.6oE, 11.1oN Dip. Lat.) and Gadanki Ionospheric Radar Interferometer (GIRI)

The D-region ionospheric disturbances due to the tropical cyclone Fani over the Indian Ocean have been analysed using Very Low Frequency (VLF) radio communication signals from three transmitters (VTX, NWC and JJI) received at two low latitude stations (Kolkata-CUB and Cooch Behar-CHB). The cyclone Fani formed from a depression on 26th April, 2019 over the Bay of Bengal (Northeastern part of the Indian

Radial basis function (RBF) interpolation with multi-quadric is developed to perform ionospheric total electron content (TEC) mapping for the Chinese region between 15°N∼40°N and 100°E∼125°E. TEC measurements from the Centre for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) covering the solar maximum year 2011 are used to investigate the performance of the proposed RBF interpolation method. The differences

Studying the microclimate of plant canopies has long motivated scientists in various research fields such as agronomy, ecology or silviculture, and almost a century has passed since the first measurements of wind speed in a forest stand were published in the scientific literature. The behaviour of wind in canopies is an essential component of their microclimate, which largely conditions the rate of

The Sub-Millimetre Radiometer (SMR) on board the Odin satellite performs limb sounding measurements of the middle atmosphere to detect molecular emission from different species. Carbon monoxide (CO) is an important tracer of atmospheric dynamics at these altitudes, due to its long photochemical lifetime and high vertical concentration gradient. In this study, we have successfully recovered over 18 years

The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) cloud detection procedure classifies instantaneous fields of view (IFOVs) as either “confident clear”, “probably clear”, “probably cloudy”, or “confident cloudy”. The cloud amount calculation requires quantitative cloud fractions to be assigned to these classes. The operational procedure used by the MODIS Science Team assumes that confident

Abstract. The demonstration satellite GHGSat-D or “Claire”, launched on June 21, 2016, is the first in a planned constellation of small satellites designed and operated by GHGSat, Inc. to measure greenhouse gas emissions at the facility scale from space. Its instrument measures methane concentrations by collecting and spectrally decomposing solar backscattered radiation in the shortwave infrared using

No abstract is available for this article.

While water and sulfuric acid droplets are the main component of stratospheric aerosols, measurements performed for about 30 years have shown that non-sulfate particles (NSPs) are also present. Such particles, released from the Earth mainly through volcanic eruptions, pollution or biomass burning, or coming from space, present a wide variety of compositions, sizes, and shapes. To better understand

The mobile aerosol Raman polarizing lidar LOSA-A2 designed at V.E. Zuev Institute of Atmospheric Optics SB RAS is presented. Its main technical specifications are given. The lidar carries out sounding of the atmosphere of a Nd:YAG laser at two wavelengths, 1064 nm and 532 nm. Optical selection of lidar signals at these wavelengths is performed by two identical telescopes with diameters of 120 mm and

Understanding the spatiotemporal regime of summer precipitation at local scales plays a key role in regional prevention and mitigation of floods disasters and water resources management. Previous works focused on spatiotemporal characteristics of a region as a whole but left the influence of associated physical factors on sub-regions unexplored. Based on the precipitation data of 77 meteorological

With the discovery of the Bozhong 19–6 large gas field in the Bohai Bay Basin, the study of lacustrine source rocks in the southwestern Bozhong Sag has garnered new interest. In this paper, 107 source rock samples of the Paleogene Shahejie Formation (Es) from the southwestern Bozhong Sag were analyzed with organic and inorganic methods and compared with other sags in the Bohai Bay Basin to reveal the

This study shows the first Mediterranean high-resolution record of alkenone-derived sea surface temperature (SST) in the marine sediments outcropping at the Ideale section (IS) (southern Italy, central Mediterranean) from late marine isotope stage (MIS) 20 - through early MIS 18. The SST pattern evidences glacial-interglacial up to submillennial-scale temperature variation, with lower values (~13 °C)