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Multi-episode metamorphism and magmatism in the Paleozoic Altyn Orogen, West China: Implications for the tectonic evolution of the Proto-Tethys Ocean Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-10 Jie Dong, Chunjing Wei
The Proto-Tethys Ocean plays a significant role in the processes of supercontinent breakup-assembling and Eurasia's formation history. The Paleozoic Altyn Orogen marks the northern boundary of the Proto-Tethys Ocean realm and holds the deepest records of continental subduction, but the detailed tectonic evolution of this orogen remains controversial. We present a systematic overview of recent studies
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An overview of observed changes in precipitation totals and extremes over global land, with a focus on Africa Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-08 Tewodros Addisu Yate, Guoyu Ren
Precipitation is one of the crucial climatic variables that has significant impact on the natural and human systems, with several important sectors of the Earth's system responding to its spatiotemporal variability. Consequently, various studies are conducted on global and regional scales to evaluate changes and trends in precipitation, with more emphasis on extremes. This review assesses existing
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Key patterns in exceptional fossil preservation since the rise of metazoans Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Filipe G. Varejão, Rodrigo I. Cerri, Lucas V. Warren, Mariza G. Rodrigues, Stephen J. Puetz, Paloma P. de Lorenso, Marcello G. Simões
A comprehensive compilation of Konservat-Lagerstätten reveals their organization into two major environmental and preservation cycles since the dawn of the metazoan fossil record. The Ediacaran–Carboniferous interval is marked by the predominant preservation of arthropods, worms, and shelly invertebrates, typically found compressed, pyritized, or phosphatized within siliciclastic-dominated marine deposits
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Wildfire Fuels Mapping through Artificial Intelligence-based Methods: A Review Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Riyaaz Uddien Shaik, Mohamad Alipour, Kasra Shamsaei, Eric Rowell, Bharathan Balaji, Adam Watts, Branko Kosovic, Hamed Ebrahimian, Ertugrul Taciroglu
Understanding fire behavior is a crucial step in wildfire risk assessment and management. Accurate and near real-time knowledge of the spatio-temporal characteristics of fuels is critical for analyzing pre-fire risk mitigation and managing active-fire emergency response. Geospatial modeling and land cover mapping using remote sensing combined with artificial intelligence techniques can provide fuel
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Influences of paleoclimatic changes on organic matter enrichment mechanisms in freshwater and saline lacustrine oil shales in China: A machine learning approach Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Man Lu, Guoqiang Duan, Tongxi Zhang, Naihao Liu, Yuxuan Song, Zezhou Zhang, Jinqi Qiao, Zhaoyang Wang, Zilong Fang, Qingyong Luo
Lacustrine oil shales are valuable unconventional resources, with their organic matter (OM) enrichment closely linked to paleoclimatic conditions. However, the mechanisms controlling OM enrichment in freshwater and saline lacustrine environments remain underexplored. This study represents the first application of the random forest (RF) classifier to investigate how paleoclimatic changes influence OM
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Research progress and current application of weak turbulence and turbulence intermittency in stable boundary layers Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-06 Yan Ren, Hongsheng Zhang, Xiaoye Zhang, Xuhui Cai, Yu Song, Jiening Liang, Lei Zhang, Tong Zhu, Jianping Huang
Research on the stable boundary layer is not only a scientific challenge but is also the foundation of studies on the atmospheric environment, weather, and climate change, with significant practical value in social and economic development. Starting from the mutual transitions between weakly and strongly stable boundary layer states, we review the research progress and application of weak turbulent
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Archean inheritance in Paleoproterozoic orogens: Example of the Southeastern Churchill Province, Trans-Hudson Orogen, Canada Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-06 Antoine Godet, Isabelle Lafrance
Deciphering the genesis and evolution of crustal lithotectonic blocks and defining the nature of their boundaries are prerequisites for assessing the nature and duration of crustal assembly processes through time and identifying new ore systems. However, ancient small-scale crustal masses and peripheral areas of large cratons have often been involved in subsequent orogenic cycles, heavily reworking
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Mechanical properties of gas hydrate-bearing sediments: Research progress, challenges and perspectives Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Yapeng Zhao, Gaowei Hu, Lele Liu, Changling Liu, Yizhao Wan, Qingtao Bu, Yunkai Ji, Zhun Zhang, Liang Kong
We provide a comprehensive overview and summarizes the recent advances in the mechanical properties of hydrate-bearing sediments (HBS) from three aspects: experimental investigation, numerical simulation, and constitutive model. Mechanical properties and microscopic mechanisms under the influence of multiple factors are expounded in depth. The results show that hydrate saturation and confining pressure
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Ice-marginal terrestrial landsystems: Sediment heterogeneity, architecture and hydrogeological implications Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Emmanuelle Arnaud, Tara Harvey, Laura Weaver, Jessica R. Meyer, Beth L. Parker
Previously glaciated landscapes often present unique challenges for hydrogeological investigations. Specifically, ice-marginal terrestrial landsystems are often difficult to characterize and model considering the dynamic nature of the ice and associated meltwater and sediment gravity flow processes that result in heterogeneous sediment successions and architectures over a range of scales. This paper
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A systematic review of the hydrogeomorphological impacts of large dams in Africa Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-27 Sofie Annys, Amaury Frankl
Large dams exert significant impacts on the hydrology and geomorphology of the rivers they impound. Although there is a renewed interest in large dams in Africa to support sustainable development in the face of a changing climate, no systematic review of their hydrogeomorphological impacts exists at continental scale. In this review, we compiled a geospatial dataset of 1047 large dams from different
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Response to Zamora regarding the Carolina Bays Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-25 Vance T. Holliday, Tyrone L. Daulton, Patrick J. Bartlein
The author misconstrues our comments. We simply present the research and opinions of other investigators. We are well-aware that the landscape of the Atlantic Coastal Plain in the southeastern U.S. was never glaciated.
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Reply to Holliday et al. regarding the Carolina Bays Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-25 Antonio Zamora
The paper by Holliday, et al. (2023) tries to establish that the major axes of the elliptical Carolina Bays are not oriented toward the Great Lakes and that the bays are well documented ice-melt landforms known as kettles. Both of these propositions are inaccurate. The paper relies on outdated references from before LiDAR was in common use and before the Nebraska basins had been discovered. The orientations
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Tectono-magmatic controls on porphyry Cu endowment in the Carboniferous Dananhu Arc, Central Asian Orogenic Belt: A review Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-22 Yi-Hao Liu, Chun-Ji Xue, Yun Zhao, Xiao-Bo Zhao, Reimar Seltmann, Matthew J. Brzozowski, David T.A. Symons
Situated in the southwestern margin of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt, the Dananhu Arc is a prominent porphyry Cu belt in NW China. The Carboniferous granitoids that host two giant to large and several medium to small porphyry Cu deposits are concentrated in the middle segment of the arc. In contrast, coeval granitoids in the adjacent western and eastern segments are barren. The key factors controlling
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Tectonic evolution of the eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt during the Carboniferous–Permian Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-21 Tong Zhou, Yongjiang Liu, Qingbin Guan, Boran Liu, Wenjiao Xiao, Sanzhong Li, Zhaoxu Chen, A. Yu Peskov
The eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB) is an interactive area of multiple tectonic regimes. In the past decades, researchers have conducted extensive studies in the eastern CAOB over the past decades and reported plenty of new data. However, there are still many open questions and arguments dealing with the correlation and tectonic affinity of different blocks with Precambrian crystalline basements
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Thermally driven organic-inorganic interactions in sedimentary basins: A review from source rocks to reservoirs Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-20 Guanghui Yuan, Yingchang Cao, Zhijun Jin, Hans-Martin Schulz, Zihao Jin, Rui Fang, Xiaoyang Zhao, Keyu Liu, Jixuan Wang
Organic-inorganic interactions, ubiquitous in sedimentary basins, critically influence the genesis and evolution of petroleum and natural gases. These processes also modify the inorganic rock matrix as well as cause the formation of secondary pores. This review synthesizes evidences from thermal experiments and geological case studies to examine the genesis, evolution pathways and significance of thermally
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Thickness of the stratigraphic record of Britain: How the fidelity of geological and fossil data is unrelated to rock quantity Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-17 James A. Craig, Ralph J. Battle, Yorick P. Veenma, William J. McMahon, Ben J. Slater, Anthony P. Shillito, Neil S. Davies
The sedimentary-stratigraphic record is the principal repository of empirical historic evidence for evolution and deep time environments. However, the record has a temporal incompleteness and inconsistency to its extensive quantity, driven by the spatial heterogeneity of deposition and erosion. This is argued to bias intensive fossil records, with correlations apparent between fossil diversity and
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The precursor of apatite: Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) in the earth and environmental sciences - A review Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-17 Alfredo Idini, Franco Frau
Octacalcium phosphate (OCP) is a solid phase that is well known in the biomedical field because it is widely used and tested as a precursor to bioapatite to treat various diseases affecting bones and teeth. In contrast, the knowledge of OCP in the earth sciences and its actual and possible applications in the environmental field are much less well known. With this review, we aim to fill this gap by
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Seismic hazard and shifting channels: Exploring coseismic river response Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-12 Erin McEwan, Timothy Stahl, Rob Langridge, Tim Davies, Andrew Howell, Matthew Wilson
Large earthquakes can trigger cascading flood hazards that can influence societal risk and loss; however, the mechanisms driving coseismic river response (CRR) in seismogenic regions have not been fully characterized. This review synthesizes data from fifty-two global cases of CRR where surface deformation affected rivers and identifies the key physical and environmental parameters that control riverine
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A review of 3.7 Ga stromatolites from the Isua Supracrustal Belt, West Greenland Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-10 Martin J. Van Kranendonk, Allen P. Nutman, Clark R.L. Friend, Vickie C. Bennett
This paper reviews the origin of putative stromatolites within 3.7 Ga meta-dolostones from the Isua Supracrustal Belt (Greenland) as either bona fide biogenic structures, as other (abiogenic) types of primary sedimentary structures, or as the products of structural deformation.
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The Canary hotspot revisited: Refutation of the Hawaii paradigm and an alternative, plate-based hypothesis Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-10 Francisco Anguita, Carlos Fernández, Álvaro Márquez, Ricardo León, Ramón Casillas
Fifty years after the first modern hypotheses on the origin of the Canary Islands were put forward, a consensus on this topic seems more and more elusive. Earth scientists use increasingly sophisticated methods to refine hypotheses like the mantle plume, but they often acknowledge that the model is plagued with many inconsistencies. This work is centred around four main ideas: 1) To falsify (in the
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How “wet islands” form – A case study of the Qilian Mountains on the arid northern Tibetan Plateau during the Middle Miocene Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-10 Yongheng Yang, Yunfa Miao, Xuelian Wang, Jie Wu, Yulong Ren, Tao Zhang, Liwu Li, Xiaomin Fang
In arid regions, mountains usually exhibit diverse climates and complex ecological niches, fostering the formation of “wet islands”. However, the timing and mechanisms behind the formation of such “wet island” remain poorly understood, particularly in the central East Asia arid region (CEAA). This study focuses on the Qilian Mountains in the northern Tibetan Plateau (NTP), adjacent to the CEAA, which
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The intra-Mesozoic bauxite-bearing truncations of the peri-Neotethyan realm (Dinarides/Vardar Zone): A multidisciplinary approach shedding new light on the Neocimmerian event Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-09 Darko Spahić, Pavle Tančić, Lidja Kurešević, Željko Cvetković, Maja Poznanović Spahić
Once coupled with global eustatic levels, bauxites, breccias, unconformities, and hiatuses are significant markers of compressional geodynamics. Most Balkan intra-Mesozoic bauxites, embedded within widespread Triassic carbonate parental sequences, are dominantly distributed in the tectonically exhumed broader Neotethyan realm (Dinarides s.l.). The same mid-Mesozoic stratigraphic interval within the
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Holocene extreme flood distribution patterns in the upper and middle Yellow River: A review based on slackwater deposits Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2025-01-03 Wenhua Gao, Kaifeng Li, Xiaodong Miao, Liang Zhou
Investigating the past occurrences of Yellow River floods provides essential insights into the river's natural variability and recurrent patterns over time. This historical context is indispensable for predicting and mitigating future flood events. However, comprehending the long-term variability of these extreme flood events faces challenges from the limited duration and sparse geographical distribution
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Wind erosion in northern China: Insights from the western Qaidam fold belt, Loess Plateau, and Hami Basin Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-31 Paul Kapp, Alex Pullen, Jordan T. Abell, Liyun Zhang
Pliocene – Quaternary wind erosion profoundly modified the physiography of northern China at a large range of spatial (10 m to >100 km) and temporal (10 ka to Myr) scales. In the western Qaidam Basin along the northeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau, northwesterly winds sculpted yardangs in actively folding Miocene – Pleistocene strata. Wind erosion was most dominant during glacial periods, whereas
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Global vegetation zonation and terrestrial climate of the warm Early Eocene Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-30 Nick Thompson, Ulrich Salzmann, David K. Hutchinson, Stephanie L. Strother, Matthew J. Pound, Torsten Utescher, Julia Brugger, Thomas Hickler, Emma P. Hocking, Daniel J. Lunt
The early Eocene is a key geological time interval to further our understanding of climate change and biosphere variability under high atmospheric CO2 concentrations of more than 800 ppmv that could potentially be reached by the end of this century under very high emission scenarios. Vegetation plays a crucial role in the global carbon cycle and climate, and future warming associated with high atmospheric
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Spatiotemporal evolution of aeolian sedimentary landscapes on the southern Tibetan Plateau during the late Quaternary: A review and recent advances Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-30 Junhuai Yang, Shengqian Chen, Zhiyong Ling, Canyi Zhang, Linkai Wang, Haoyu Wang, Shuyuan Wang, Fuyuan Gao, Ivan Lizaga, Fei Wang, Shengli Yang, Fahu Chen
The aeolian deposits on the southern Tibetan Plateau (TP) are one of the most important environmental archives preserved at the highest altitudes worldwide, containing extensive information about both the current and past landscapes and environments of Earth's Third Pole. Over the past three decades, these deposits have attracted considerable attention in Quaternary paleoclimate research. Nevertheless
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The Paleoproterozoic (c. 2.3 Ga) Gowganda Formation: Deep water, glacially-influenced debrites and related mass flow along a passive margin Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-26 Kirsten Kennedy, Nicholas Eyles
The Gowganda Formation (ca. 2.3 Ga) of the Huronian Supergroup in Northern Ontario, Canada is the best-preserved stratigraphic record of a Paleoproterozoic glaciogenic environment in the world. The Lower Gowganda has been ascribed to a putative panglacial ‘Snowball Earth’ event despite little agreement as to its origins, paleotectonic and paleogeographic setting, and paleolatitude. The present study
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The geomorphology of monoclinal scarps associated with interstratal-dissolution fronts in evaporite formations, illustrated with the Upper Jurassic Arab and Hith formations in Ar Riyadh and Central Saudi Arabia Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-26 Francisco Gutiérrez, Yasser Zabramawi, Abdullah Memesh, Ahmed M. Youssef, Alaa Bahamil, Luis Auqué
The downdip migration of dissolution fronts in gently tilted evaporite formations produces updip-facing monoclinal folds and adjacent synformal troughs (depositional basins) in the supra-evaporite strata. These gravitational deformation structures, up to 1000 km long, can be expressed in the landscape as laterally migrating fold escarpments and linear depressions, forming the largest karst features
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Natural records of supercritical fluids in subduction zones Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-22 Yang-Yang Wang, Yilin Xiao, Ren-Xu Chen, Yi-Xiang Chen, Ji-Lei Li, Shun Guo
A supercritical fluid (SCF) in a silicate-H2O system was generally regarded as a homogeneous phase formed under pressure and temperature (P-T) conditions higher than the second critical endpoint of the system. It evolves into a hydrous melt and aqueous fluid with decreasing P-T conditions or after interactions with wall rocks during fluid migration. Subduction zones are preferable sites for seeking
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Toward a big-data approach for reconstructing regional to global paleogeography and tectonic histories: Preface Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-19 Zheng-Xiang Li, Bruce Eglington, Tao Wang
Geoscience has come to an era of addressing system-scale big science questions through synthesising the rapidly expanding bodies of discipline-based global databases, while sharply discipline-focused in-depth research is conducted to test hypotheses based on such syntheses. Such big-data oriented research has been further empowered by rapid developments in machine-learning-based artificial intelligence
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Molecular mechanisms and biomineralization processes of ferromanganese nodule formation: Insights its effect on nutrient imbalance and heavy metal immobilization in native soil profiles Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-19 Danish Ali, Suprokash Koner, Ashiq Hussain, Bing-Mu Hsu
Ferromanganese nodules (FMNs), simultaneously termed as manganese nodules, are metallic concretions typically found in the B horizon of iron and manganese-rich soils. These nodules are primarily formed through the biomineralization process driven by favorable redox reactions and microbial activity. The formation of FMNs in the soil is governed by complex geochemical interactions and influenced by both
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Tectonic evolution of the Korean Peninsula: A new paradigm for critical building blocks of East Asia Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-15 Tae-Yoon S. Park, Yeongju Oh, Mirinae Lee, Taehwan Kim
The Korean Peninsula occupies a critical part of East Asia, and thus understanding its tectonic development has a significant impact on comprehending the crustal evolution of the entire East Asia. However, there is still contention surrounding the formation of the Korean Peninsula during the Permian-Triassic collision of the Sino-Korean (North China) Craton (SKC) and the South China Craton (SCC). Various
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Heat flow and thermal structure of the South China Sea Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-14 Wenjing Zhu, Shaowen Liu
The South China Sea (SCS), the largest marginal sea in the western Pacific, is crucial for understanding geodynamic processes from continental breakup to seafloor spreading. The thermal state plays an important role in lithospheric deformation; however, that of the SCS remains poorly understood owing to poor data coverage and quality in early compilations. The incremental data accumulations over the
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Paleoclimatic significance of water isotopes in speleothem fluid inclusions Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-13 Stéphane Affolter, Timon Kipfer, Elisa Hofmeister, Markus Leuenberger, Dominik Fleitmann
Speleothems (cave carbonate) contain fluid inclusions that are natural repositories of cave drip water and precipitation respectively. This water is stored within the speleothem calcite matrix and well preserved from post-depositional alterations in cave environments. Extracting the water and analysing its isotopes provide direct information about the hydrological cycle on timescales ranging from months
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Dispersed organic matter from pre-Devonian marine shales: A review on its composition, origin, evolution, and potential for hydrocarbon prospecting Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-13 Qingyong Luo, Fariborz Goodarzi, Ningning Zhong, Nansheng Qiu, Xiaomei Wang, Václav Suchý, Imran Khan, Xiaowei Zheng, Bei Liu, Omid H. Ardakani, Ye Zhang, Dahua Li, Jin Wu, Zilong Fang, Ruitan Shi, Christian B. Skovsted, Hamed Sanei, Yaohui Xu, Jia Wu, Wenxin Hu, Guoqiang Duan
The pre-Devonian shales are important natural archives, preserving extensive information on paleobiology, paleoenvironment, and paleoecology, and also acting as important hydrocarbon source rocks for both unconventional and conventional petroleum systems. In China, however, most of the pre-Devonian shales are postmature, resulting in a gradual convergence in the chemical composition and structure of
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Hydrological vs. mechanical impacts of soil water repellency on erosion Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-06 Mahboobeh Fallah, Marco Van De Wiel, Ran Holtzman
Soil erosion is a major concern for both agricultural and natural resources. Soil water repellency (SWR) is known to hinder wetting of soils, decreasing infiltration of water and thus increasing overland flow—the driving force for erosion. These hydrological impacts of SWR on erosion, are quite well established. In contrast, the mechanical impacts of SWR, namely on the resistance to erosion, are poorly
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Earthquake-induced Submarine Landslides (EQISLs) and a comparison with their Terrestrial Counterparts: Insights from a New Database Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-05 Peng Du, Linlin Li, Achim Kopf, Dawei Wang, Kejie Chen, Huabin Shi, Weitao Wang, Xiaoyi Pan, Gui Hu, Peizhen Zhang
Earthquakes are recognized as the primary cause of submarine landslides. These earthquake-induced submarine landslides can damage seafloor infrastructure (e.g. submarine cables, oil pipes and rigs) and trigger anomalous tsunamis that cannot be explained solely by coseismic deformation. However, due to their underwater occurrence, earthquake-induced submarine landslides are difficult to observe and
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Nordic boreo-arctic lands under rapid climatic change: A review of recent and future trends and extreme events Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 Jarle W. Bjerke, Efrén López-Blanco, Hans Tømmervik, Anja Striberny, Corine Davids, Rannveig Ólafsdóttir, Stein Rune Karlsen, Per Sandström, Minna Turunen, Taru Rikkonen, Marit K. Arneberg, Sten Siikavuopio, Karl Zinglersen, Kristine Lynge-Pedersen, Stefan Sandström, Pasi Rautio
The Arctic amplification affects the geology, cryosphere, and the total environment of high-latitude maritime-influenced lands. This study synthesizes information on recent and future climatic changes within the Nordic boreo-arctic region. The study area includes Greenland, Iceland, and the central and northern parts of Finland, Norway (incl. Svalbard), and Sweden. The climate scenarios used are derived
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Quartz types, formation mechanism, and its effect on shale oil and gas enrichment: A review Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 Haikuan Nie, Quanyou Liu, Pei Li, Peng Li, Jianghui Ding, Chuanxiang Sun, Changbo Zhai, Jianhua Zhao, Zhijun Jin, Wei Dang
Quartz is one of the most common minerals in the Earth's crust, and its deposition and cycling are ubiquitous and crucial in energy and environmental sciences. Due to the existence of multiple types of quartz and diverse mechanisms that result in their formation, this variation is expected to significantly impact shale deposition, diagenesis, and reservoir properties. Moreover, it plays a crucial role
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Abrupt thaw and its effects on permafrost carbon emissions in the Tibetan Plateau: A remote sensing and modeling perspective Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-04 Yonghong Yi, Tonghua Wu, Mousong Wu, Huiru Jiang, Yuanhe Yang, Brendan M. Rogers
The Tibetan Plateau (TP) has the largest permafrost area in the low- and mid-latitudes. With warmer ground temperatures and ice-rich terrain, the TP permafrost is potentially more vulnerable to climate warming. Abrupt thaw induced by rapid ground ice melt and thermokarst process has become more frequent in the TP, which will likely have a large impact on the regional water and carbon exchanges. This
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Meta-analysis of the DOUNCE event (Shuram/Wonoka excursion): Pattern, variation, causal mechanism, and global correlation Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-12-02 Yinggang Zhang, Maoyan Zhu
The DOUNCE (DOUshantuo Negative Carbon isotope Excursion) was marked by a significant shift in δ13Ccarb from ∼ + 5 ‰ down to ∼ − 12 ‰ in the upper part of the Ediacaran Doushantuo Formation of South China. As an equivalent event of the Shuram/Wonoka anomaly, the DOUNCE event is the largest negative δ13Ccarb excursion in geological history and denotes a global ocean oxygenation event. Consequently,
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A review of the granite concept through time Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-30 Eloi González-Esvertit, Claudia Prieto-Torrell, Paul D. Bons, Àngels Canals, Josep Maria Casas, Marlina A. Elburg, Enrique Gomez-Rivas
Granitic rocks are ubiquitous worldwide in ancient and active tectonic settings, representing powerful sources of information about the Earth's past and present geodynamic behaviour. Numerous recent milestones fostering our knowledge of granites would have not been possible without a long-lasting, sometimes controversial, discussion on their origin and significance that has taken place over the last
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Ediacaran-Cambrian Boundary in the Anti-Atlas belt (Morocco): A review of biostratigraphy, chemostratigraphy and geochronology Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-30 Jamal El Kabouri, Ezzoura Errami, Fred T. Bowyer, Bruno Beker-Kerber, Said Belkacim
The Ediacaran-Cambrian transition represents a pivotal geological marker, denoting the decline of the Ediacaran biota and the emergence of most modern phyla in an interval marked by perturbations to the carbon cycle (as evidence by carbonate carbon isotopes, δ13Ccarb), biotic turnover, dynamic paleoredox regimes, and magnetic field instability. Following initial international expeditions to the Anti-Atlas
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Terminal Ediacaran–Terreneuvian revolutions in Siberia Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-30 Vasiliy V. Marusin
The global reorganizations of marine ecosystems in the terminal Ediacaran and Terreneuvian include two breakthroughs (Cambrian Information Revolution and Agronomic Revolution) followed by the Cambrian Substrate Revolution in the Cambrian Series 2–Furongian. The first two attribute to colonization of new ecological niches by burrowing bilaterians and their gradual expansion within the marine realm.
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Traversing the rift: A review of the evolution of the West and Central African Rift System and its economic potential Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-28 Nils Lenhardt, Erepamo J. Omietimi, Aitalokhai J. Edegbai, Lorenz Schwark, Octavian Catuneanu, James D. Fairhead, Annette E. Götz
The Cretaceous to recent West and Central African Rift System is a major geological feature in Africa, extending 4000 km from the west to the east. Its formation is related to the breakup of Gondwana and the separation of Africa from South America, during which a complex network of extensional, wrench and pull-apart basins formed. These basins can be separated into two coeval rift sub-systems, the
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The Cenozoic evolution of the Yellow River Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-26 Xu Lin, Maximilian Dröllner, Milo Barham, Jing Liu-Zeng, Marc Jolivet, Haijin Liu, Kaige Guan, Chengwei Hu, Xiaokang Chen
The evolution of rivers is closely tied to basin tectonics and climate change. Consequently, understanding the formation and evolution of large rivers (which can traverse diverse geological units and potentially complex climatic zones) can provide valuable insights into regional to continental tectonic activity and climate change. The Yellow River, which originates in the Tibetan Plateau and flows
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The Northern Central Andes and Andean tectonic evolution revisited: An integrated stratigraphic and structural model of three superimposed orogens Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-23 Patrice Baby, Alice Prudhomme, Stéphane Brusset, Alexandra Robert, Martin Roddaz, Ysabel Calderon, Adrien Eude, Willy Gil, Wilber Hermoza, Christian Hurtado, Stéphanie Brichau, Gérôme Calvès, Pierre-Olivier Antoine, Rodolfo Salas-Gismondi
The mechanism for crustal thickening and superposition of several orogens is critical for understanding the growth of mountain ranges. Our study focuses on a trans-orogen crustal cross-section to revisit the Andean tectonic evolution in the Northern Central Andes (5°-8°S). It is based on a review of the geological setting, the definition of long-term tectono-sedimentary successions, and for the first
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Applications and future developments of the (thermo-) poro-elastic theory in geophysics Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-23 Massimo Nespoli, Hongyu Yu, Antonio Pio Rinaldi, Rebecca Harrington, Maria Elina Belardinelli, Giovanni Martinelli, Antonello Piombo
Fluids are naturally present in the crust from subsoil to several kilometers deep. The representation of the Earth's crust as a purely elastic medium ignores the effects of fluids within rock pores. Because the presence of fluids alters the mechanical response of rocks, the theory of poro-elasticity can be used to more accurately represent the deformation and the stress field of the crust, especially
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Changes in size of key indicators used in palaeolimnological studies: A critical review Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-22 Vlad V. Sysoev, Aisylu G. Ibragimova, Maria A. Gololobova, Andrew Medeiros, John P. Smol, Alexey A. Kotov
Body size may potentially be a key characteristic for both an individual and a community response to environmental change that palaeolimnological studies can document. Most palaeoecological investigations are based on the reconstruction of past changes in species assemblages, although some studies have incorporated body size as an indicator of past limnological conditions. Here, we review previously
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Plastic as a Sediment – A universal and objective practical solution to growing ambiguity in plastic litter classification schemes Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-19 C.E. Russell, F. Pohl, R. Fernández
The universal and growing challenge of inconsistency and ambiguity in plastic classification schemes restricts our ability to predict plastic routing, degradation, and accumulation in all environments worldwide. Global plastic production has risen exponentially, reaching approximately 9200 million tons between 1950 and 2017. Of this, an estimated 5300 million tons have been discarded, with a significant
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Evolution and prospects of Earth system models: Challenges and opportunities Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-19 Xiaoduo Pan, Deliang Chen, Baoxiang Pan, Xiaozhong Huang, Kun Yang, Shilong Piao, Tianjun Zhou, Yongjiu Dai, Fahu Chen, Xin Li
Earth system models (ESMs) serve as vital tools for comprehensively simulating the intricate interplay of physical, chemical, and biological processes across the Earth system's diverse components. Here, we provide a brief overview of the historical development of ESMs and highlight key challenges posed by the intricate feedback mechanisms in the cryosphere, the nonlinear and long-term effects of the
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Viscous compression of clay and peat Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-18 P. van Elderen, G. Erkens, C. Zwanenburg, H. Middelkoop, E. Stouthamer
Viscous compression, the delayed slow compression of soils after loading, has emerged as a challenging process contributing to land subsidence in soft soil areas. Despite previous research on clay soils, there is still limited understanding of the processes and mechanisms of viscous compression of organic soils. As peat is more susceptible to viscous compression than clay, and the subsurface of subsiding
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Lithospheric weakspots, not hotspots: New England-Quebec and Shenandoah anorogenic magmatism in the context of global plate tectonics, intraplate stress and LIPs Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-17 Peter R. Vogt, Gillian R. Foulger
We explore the origins of anorogenic post-breakup magmatism in two areas of the mid-Atlantic Appalachians: the New England-Quebec Province (ca. 130–120 Ma) and the Shenandoah Province (ca. 49–47 Ma). Radiometric rock ages and other data do not support claims that this magmatism occurred when these sites were located above postulated Great Meteor and Bermuda mantle hotspots/plumes. We propose instead
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Magmatic faults: Challenges, progress, and possibilities Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-16 Pablo H. Alasino, Katie E. Ardill, Scott R. Paterson
It is increasingly recognized that plutons are rich in magmatic structures that provide powerful tools for unraveling hypersolidus histories. However, one group of structures, magmatic faults recognized almost a century ago, has not been systematically examined thus far and is the focus of this review.
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Rainfall as a driver of post-wildfire flooding and debris flows: A review and synthesis Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-16 Natalie M. Collar, John A. Moody, Brian A. Ebel
The increasing threat of post-wildfire hazards creates an imperative for improved post-wildfire flooding and debris flow prediction capabilities. Because rainfall is a primary driver of predictive hydrology and debris flow initiation and inundation models, recent efforts have emphasized the need for interdisciplinary collaboration between meteorology and post-wildfire hazard science that develops more
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The Yanshanian Movement in Western Liaoning, northeastern North China Craton Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-16 Zhiwei Song, Chenyue Liang, Franz Neubauer, Yongjiang Liu, Changqing Zheng, Bo Lin, Xuechun Xu
The Yanshanian Movement (or Yanshanian Orogeny) has been a topic of study for nearly a century, with ongoing interests. This study reviews its origin, tectonic subdivision, development and dynamic mechanisms, and associated magmatic-tectonic activity in Western Liaoning, northeastern North China Craton (NCC). By analyzing rock assemblages, petrogenesis, and magma sources of Mesozoic volcanic rocks
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The ichnogenus Ophiomorpha : Taxonomy and environmental distribution Earth Sci. Rev. (IF 10.8) Pub Date : 2024-11-13 Dirk Knaust
The classic trace fossil Ophiomorpha ranks among the most common biogenic sedimentary structures on earth and has been widely reported from Mesozoic and Cenozoic strata. Originally thought to be restricted to shallow-marine environments, subsequently Ophiomorpha was also recognised in marginal-marine and deep-marine deposits. A proper application for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions is hindered
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