The glacimarine shelf edge is a complex depositional environment in which the interplay between accomodation and glaciation has played an important role in influencing sediment deposition and margin architecture. It can be challenging to unravel the history of basin infill in these areas, particularly where landforms are deeply buried. This study presents an integrated workflow for deciphering the

Despite the fact that mud‐dominated composite particles have increasingly been recognized as important components of marine mudstones, the characteristics, types and origins of these composite particles remain poorly understood. This incomplete understanding of critical mudstone parameters (for example, depositional grain size, composition at the particle scale and provenance) severely limits the ability

Interbedded contourites, turbidites and pelagites are commonplace in many deep‐water slope environments. However, the distinction between these different facies remains a source of controversy. This detailed study of calcareous contourites and associated deep‐marine facies from an Eocene–Miocene sedimentary succession on Cyprus clearly documents the diagnostic value of microfacies in this debate. In

The clupeomorph genus Armigatus is an extinct group of fish which comprises five species of small marine fishes described from the Late Cretaceous Tethys Sea. Of the five species, A. alticorpus is the least well known and least studied species. The most recent cladistic analyses of the group exclude A. alticorpus due to a lack of sufficient information for the taxon. Here we report new material of

The Kuh-e-Shah complex includes the Paleogene volcano-plutonic belt of the Lut Block, eastern Iran. The volcanic rocks which outcropped in this complex mainly consist of trachy-andesites, andesites, and basaltic-andesites that mineralogically contain plagioclase, pyroxene, hornblende, and minor biotite and olivine. Geochemically, they have features typical of high-K calc-alkaline to shoshsonitic magmas

We aimed to investigate cross-sectional associations between skeletal muscle density, a proxy measure for fatty infiltration into muscle, and cognition. Contributions from body fat mass, systemic inflammation and lifestyle were explored, as these factors have been identified in both muscle and cognitive deterioration. For 281 men (60–95 year) from the Geelong Osteoporosis Study, radial and tibial muscle

The socio-cultural and economic developments that took place from the Neolithic to the Bronze Age are poorly understood, despite the fact that they were essential for the establishment of fully agro-pastoral economies in Europe. In this study, we aim to assess dietary changes in communities living in southern Italy during this period by examining stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios on human bone

This paper provides new information about the social structure of the Late Classic (ad 600–800) Maya by using stable isotope analysis to analyze dietary practices and migration histories of 22 elite individuals from three residential compounds at the archaeological site of Chinikiha in Chiapas, Mexico. The research assess whether intra-elite social differentiation was practiced through consumptive

This paper aims to provide a broad diet reconstruction for people buried in archaeologically defined contexts in Rome (first to third centuries CE), in order to combine archaeological and biological evidence focusing on dietary preferences in Imperial Rome. A sample of 214 human bones recovered from 6 funerary contexts was selected for carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis. The baseline for the

The leakage-type hydrate is filled in the fractures, with steep and directional dips characteristics and the reservoir is basically anisotropic. The fractures characteristics are the key factors for reserve estimation and making of the production plan, and it is also the challenge and difficulty of the seismic exploration. Here we use the existing data recorded from ocean-bottom seismometers in the

Radioactive isotopes are extremely useful for determining the age of corals, which can also provide extremely useful archives of past climate change and environmental pollution. In this study, we present a novel approach for dating young corals (<10 a), by applying the 228Th/228Ra method. 228Th/228Ra disequilibrium was widely observed in a variety of coral genera, from the fringing reefs to atoll reefs

Microfabrics of mylonitic orthopyroxene-bearing quartzofeldspatic granulites from central Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica, have been investigated to evaluate the deformation behaviour at lower crustal conditions. The microfabric is characterized by a fine-grained matrix of dispersed feldspar, quartz and orthopyroxene, which contains monophase elongate quartz and feldspar aggregates, so-called ribbons

The collapse of soil pipes due to internal erosion can result in fully mature gullies. Few studies have measured the rates of sediment detachment and transport through soil pipes in situ. The objectives of this work were to determine suspended sediment concentrations (SSC) in soil pipes as a function of pipeflow rate to develop sediment rating curves (SRC) and measure the bedload transport as a function

This study has hypothesized that for many rivers the trade‐off between flow accumulation and the decrease in slope along channel length means that stream power increases downstream and, moreover, that given the low slope angles in headwater and low‐order streams, they would have insufficient stream power to erode let alone transport sediment. The study considered the stream power profile, the particle

Soil compaction involves a densification and a relative variation of physical and mechanical characteristics of soils. Evaluating laboratory compaction parameters such as maximum dry density (MDD) and optimum water content (OWC) is a very important task to control field compaction for all earth-works structures. In this note over 400 publications and newly laboratory tests have been reviewed to give

This study investigates the influence of freeze-thaw (FT) cycles on the (i) microstructure, (ii) soil water characteristics, and (iii) sensitivity of the volumetric strain and mechanical properties to moisture content for a compacted clay. The mechanical properties herein include resilient modulus (MR), unconfined compression strength (qu), and reloading modulus (E1%) and stress (Su1%) at 1% strain

In order to carry out strontium isotope analysis, glass artifacts from South Asia were sampled with portable laser (pLA), a relatively novel sampling technique, that leaves damages invisible to the naked eye. Subsequently, thermal ionization mass spectrometry (TIMS) was used to obtain strontium isotope ratios after sample dissolution and separation. With this study, the goal was two‐fold: to determine

Wushi Powder initially was the medicine for typhoid fever in ancient China. In the Wei, Jin and Northern and Southern Dynasties, Wushi Powder became fashionable among the upper classes. However, because of the limitation of documentary evidence, it is difficult to find the true identity of Wushi Powder. Little archaeological evidence has been discovered to date and no scientific analysis have been

Nowadays forgery of cultural heritage is on the rise, damaging the patrimony and its cultural value. Objects of value may still be unveiled during various construction sites or other digging actions. Such objects unveiled will always raise questions over their authenticity due to the fact that they weren't unveiled by experts. Such findings and not only, will need to be analyzed in order to establish

The ‘press-in’ method is a piling technique by which a pile is installed with a static jacking force while a reaction force is obtained from previously installed piles. The applicable ground conditions for this method have been significantly expanded by the ‘Rotary Cutting Press-in (RCP)’ method, whereby a vertical jacking force and a torque are applied simultaneously onto a pile with cutting teeth

The concrete-filled FRP (Fiber-reinforced Polymer)-steel composite tube (CFCT) column is a new structure that integrates the advantages of various materials. The establishment of the cyclic stress-strain relationship under axial loading is of great importance for the seismic analysis and design method of this new structure. In this study, the stress-strain behaviors of six CFCT columns with various

A rheological constitutive model for damaged zone evolution of a tunnel is proposed in this paper to describe the strain hardening and softening properties of the excavation-disturbed rock mass. Firstly, the one-dimension rheological model is introduced by connecting the improved St. Venant body with the Nishihara model, and this model can be used to describe the whole process including transient viscoplastic

With the development of carbon dioxide sequestration, the influence of carbon dioxide on coal properties has been paid more and more attention by experts and scholars. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to observe the three-point bending characteristics of bituminous coals treated with or without carbon dioxide gas. The experimental results showed that the carbon dioxide gas treatment had obvious

Chalk is usually thought to be a homogeneous sediment with a relatively simple early diagenetic history. Here, clumped isotope analyses of samples from a core of Campanian Maastrichtian chalk are presented, indicating that material smaller than 5 µm has a different origin than the coccolith‐dominated coarser fraction. The smallest size fraction (1 to 5 µm) of chalk is dominated by calcite particles

An assemblage of large and robust pedunculate scalpellomorph cirripede barnacles from the Maastrichtian of Kalaat Senan (Tunisia) is described, and their stratigraphical position within the Abiod and El Haria formations is noted. Four taxa are documented, three of which are confined to the Kalaat Senan area, namely Pachyscalpellum heltzeli, Cretiscalpellum robaszynskii sp. nov. and Diotascalpellum

This study presents an example of the extensional basin, namely Tromsø, which developed along the Southwestern Barents Sea (SWBS) transform margin. Three previous models have been proposed to explain the tectonic evolution and architecture of the basin, but there is no consensus on development of individual structures. In this study, we use 2D industry seismic reflection data, potential field and well

We integrate previously published data from geochemistry, clay mineralogy, and benthic foraminifera with new findings from calcareous nannofossils and the sulfur content to reconstruct the variations of bottom and surface water conditions resulting from climate changes in the Jafr Sub-basin (Jordan). The fluctuation of the organic matter content recorded from Maastrichtian and Danian oil shales of

Time constraints on igneous processes related to eruption triggering, e.g., magma mixing or ascent in the conduit, are needed in any risk mitigation attempt. In this context, magma ascent rate and kinetics are key parameters as they may correspond to the response time available to civil protection during volcanic unrest. Several tools available to quantify such durations include diffusion chronometry

A Pb-based synthetic mineral referred to as psimythion (pl. psimythia) was manufactured in the Greek world at least since the 6th c BCE and routinely by the 4th c BCE. Theophrastus (On Stones, 56) describes its preparation from metallic Pb suspended over a fermenting liquid. Psimythion is considered the precursor of one of western art’s most prominent white pigments, i.e. lead white (basic lead carbonate

The Herrin coal (Western Kentucky No. 11) “ragged edge” is composed of peculiar organic materials, including voids, which defy conventional maceral classification. These materials seem to have originated from natural pyrolysis caused by hot fluids migrating through low-rank coal. However, the observed petrographic patterns and the reflectance analysis were not enough to confirm this hypothesis. In

Production from the Ekofisk Chalk Field in the North Sea is believed to be significantly influenced by the presence of a connected fault and fracture network. In the current study, we create a 3D seismic discontinuity cube which is representative of this network within the southern part of the Ekofisk Field. This is done using a multiscale workflow which integrates seismic fault and fracture detection

Pyrogenic carbon (charcoal, black carbon, elemental carbon) is one of the most common materials used for radiocarbon dating of terrestrial samples. However, exogenous carbon contamination can compromise the accuracy of radiocarbon ages. This study presents the results of two chemical pretreatments prior to hydrogen pyrolysis (hypy) as improved protocols for the isolation and decontamination of pyrogenic

Many microorganisms including free-living and symbiotic fungi weather minerals through the formation of biofilms on their surface. Weathering thus proceeds not only according to the mineral's chemistry and the environmental conditions but also according to the local biofilm chemistry. These processes can be dissected in experiments with defined environmental settings and by employing genetic tools

The problematic calcareous microfossil Halysis is abundant in the Middle Ordovician Darriwilian Stage of the western edge of the Ordos Basin, North China. The rich and well-preserved specimens of Halysis in this area facilitate detailed studies for its skeletal construction and tube microstructure. Halysis differs from calcified cyanobacteria and calcareous red and green algae in morphology, skeletal

Chaotic geological bodies composed of rock inclusions of different lithology and size enclosed in a weaker matrix are often referred to as bimrocks (block-in-matrix rocks). When dealing with these challenging and widespread geomaterials, a major concern for geopractitioners is the estimation of block content, which has been demonstrated to strongly affect the overall mechanical behaviour of bimrocks

Sediment fingerprinting methods aim to determine the relative contribution of different source areas in detrital sediments based on natural properties ‐ fingerprints ‐ of the source areas. Here, we use U/Th‐Pb age signatures as fingerprints, given that the age signal is not altered during erosion‐transportation‐deposition events, and that recent technological advances enable precise dating of large

Assumptions about fluvial processes and process‐form relations are made in general models and in many site‐specific applications. Many standard assumptions about reach‐scale flow resistance, bed‐material entrainment thresholds and transport rates, and downstream hydraulic geometry involve one or other of two types of scale invariance: a parameter (e.g. critical Shields number) has the same value in

Detrital zircon U–Pb ages for sediments in and around the Palaeo-Tethyan convergence zone in northern Thailand provide constraints for tectonic interpretations of the Indochina Block, the Sibumasu Block, the Inthanon Zone accretionary complex and the Nan Back-arc Basin during the Triassic. In sedimentary rocks of the Indochina Block, almost all of the Palaeozoic and Triassic zircons were sourced from

In this paper six bronze artefacts of the Eastern Zhou period to Han dynasty (770 BC ‐ 220 AD) with tin‐rich surface decoration in the British Museum collection were studied using a variety of analytical techniques. The decoration patterns include trellis patterns (菱形纹) on two swords of the Yue state, tiger’s striped patterns (hu‐ban‐wen, 虎斑纹) on two swords from the Ba‐Shu region, a hexagonal star

The Fuente del Trucho Cave (Asque‐Colungo, Huesca, Spain) is located in the central Pre‐Pyrenean range in NE Iberia, in the Arpán ravine, a tributary of the Vero River. The mouth of the cave is 22 m wide and it is oriented to the SE. The entrance gives access to a 24 m deep hall. Palaeolithic paintings were discovered in the cave in 1978. The Fuente del Trucho art comprises two sectors, the external

The reasons why the Western Mediterranean, especially Carthage and Rome, resisted monetization relative to the Eastern Mediterranean are still unclear. Here, we address this question by combining lead and silver isotope abundances in silver coinage from the Aegean, Magna Graecia, Carthage, and the Roman Republic. The clear relationships observed between 109Ag/107Ag and 208Pb/206Pb reflect mixing of