Anthropogenic pressures like ocean warming, acidification, rising N : P ratios, and marine heatwaves (MHWs) are affecting eukaryotic plankton diversity, though their combined impacts are rarely studied. To address this, we conducted a mesocosm experiment on a North Sea plankton community, testing the influence of a MHW under ambient and future environmental conditions. Using 18S rRNA amplicon sequencing

This study compared the characteristics of energy flow and food web structure in the Laizhou Bay ecosystem using the Ecopath model and linear inverse models enhanced by Monte Carlo methods coupled with a Markov Chain (LIM-MCMC), respectively, based on survey data collected in May, August, and November 2022. The ecosystem was divided into 22 functional groups with trophic levels ranging from 1.00 to

The European sardine exhibits drastic changes in body condition, growth, and reproduction outputs with fluctuating environments, leading to trade-offs in life history traits. This study aimed to compare the health status of sardines collected in four areas of the western Mediterranean facing different environmental and anthropogenic pressures (the Gulf of Lion, the northern Catalan coast, the southern

Carbonate slopes and their associated relocated deposits are of significant interest due to their potential as hydrocarbon reservoir. This study investigates the geomorphology and depositional processes of carbonate slopes in the semi-enclosed Xuande Atoll, South China Sea, using high-resolution acoustic data, seismic profiles, and topographic analysis. Our results reveal that the modern morphology

Brachiopods have been employed for environmental and climatic reconstructions in the near and geological past. Traditionally, one datapoint is obtained per shell, providing time‐averaged bulk signals. However, brachiopods also have the potential to provide time‐resolved information on (sub)annual timescales, but this has been understudied due to difficulties in accounting for brachiopod shell growth

Recent advances in satellite remote sensing technology for detecting harmful algal blooms (HABs) make it possible to combine numerical modeling approaches and satellite imagery to track and predict HABs in estuarine and coastal waters. We employed a particle-tracking model using a high-resolution hydrodynamic model capable of simulating algal mixotrophic growth, respiration, and vertical diurnal migration

To understand the factors controlling organic carbon (OC) and nutrient cycling in continental shelf sediments, we estimated total sediment oxygen uptake (TOU) and benthic nutrient flux (BNF) in the Southern Yellow Sea (SYS) during spring. The OC (0.28 to 1.58%), TN (0.03 to 0.22%), C/N ratio (7 to 11), and δ13C (–23.81 to –22.23‰) in the surface sediments showed spatial variation. The TOU ranged from

Sonar image object detection plays a crucial role in obstacle detection, target recognition, and environmental perception in autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). However, the complex underwater acoustic environment introduces various interferences, such as noise, scattering, and echo, which hinder the effectiveness of existing object detection methods in achieving satisfactory accuracy and robustness

Once the BBNJ Agreement enters into force, its environmental impact assessment (EIA) provisions will apply to high seas marine protected areas (MPAs). This paper examines current treaties and practices within four high seas MPAs and finds that the EIA provisions established by United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) are ambiguous. The BBNJ Agreement, however, reflects a strong commitment

The use of hyperspectral satellite missions opens new opportunities for integrated approaches to the study of phytoplankton communities. The Baltic Sea, with its distinct mixture of marine and freshwater characteristics, is a natural laboratory for understanding marine ecosystems. In this study, we analyzed a dataset from the Baltic Sea containing simultaneous phytoplankton pigment concentrations and

IntroductionThe modification of the marine ecological environment has led to the frequent occurrence of jellyfish blooms, causing global hazards. The budding reproduction of jellyfish polyps is a critical factor in their population size, yet there is limited understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in this process. This study aims to explore the intrinsic regulatory factors of the budding

In the context of the growing demand for the sustainable development and conservation of fish stocks, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies are essential for supporting scientific fish stock management. Artificial intelligence technology provides an effective solution for the intelligent recognition of fish information. This study used bibliometric analysis to review a sample of 719 scientific

Mesoscale eddies play a crucial role in energy transfer and material transport in the ocean. Accurate identification of mesoscale eddies is crucial for a deeper understanding of ocean internal dynamics, the development of marine resources, and the prediction of changes in the marine environment. This study utilizes Absolute Dynamic Topography (ADT) data provided by AVISO and the YOLOv8 algorithm model

Algae represent more than 41% of marine biological invasions worldwide. If non-native algae become an invasive and dominant species, they will inevitably affect the characteristics of the ecosystem. The study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of the recently arrived Batophora occidentalis growing over three native algae: Acetabularia acetabulum, Dasycladus vermicularis and Caulerpa prolifera in

This study explores the factors driving the integration of ocean literacy into the management of Marine Protected Areas, highlighting its role as a powerful tool to transform the human–ocean relationship to improve conservation efforts. A survey was completed by 197 visitors in Cap de Creus (Northeastern Catalonia, Spain). The findings show that visitors who were more willing to pay for conservation

Although side-scan sonar can provide wide and high-resolution views of submarine terrain and objects, it suffers from severe interference due to complex environmental noise, variations in sonar configuration (such as frequency, beam pattern, etc.), and the small scale of targets, leading to a high misdetection rate. These challenges highlight the need for advanced detection models that can effectively

Tropical lakes experience less thermal convection than temperate lakes and can be stably stratified by temperature gradients alone. Deep tropical lakes are often presumed meromictic, but conditions for sustained meromixis are poorly constrained. Here, we investigate the stratification stability of a deep (200 m) tropical Lake Towuti (Indonesia) and analyze its sensitivity to meteorological and climatic

The transport of particulate organic carbon (POC) from land to deep‐sea sediments is a critical component of the global carbon cycle. However, the transport processes of terrestrial POC across continental shelves remain poorly understood due to the complexity of these systems. In this study, we investigated the vertical fluxes and fates of terrestrial vs. marine POC using stable carbon isotope ratios

Inland waters emit a globally significant amount of methane (CH4) into the atmosphere. Measurements of potential CH4 production rates in the sediment can help constrain the magnitude of CH4 sources and time‐averaged emission rates. We explored the magnitude, variability, and drivers of potential CH4 production rates in the sediment, based on compiled measurements (238 sediment cores from 72 aquatic

Periphyton plays an important functional role in shallow lakes and is sensitive to variation in nutrient availability and global warming. Understanding the responses of periphyton to changes in nutrient availability in contrasting warming scenarios can contribute to the development of more efficient techniques for the restoration of lakes in a future warmer world. We analyzed the periphyton response

Viral lysis accounts for approximately 50% of prokaryotic mortality, significantly influencing the diversity, composition, and succession of prokaryotic communities. Despite its importance, the specific influence of viral lysis on seasonal dynamics within aquatic ecosystems remains poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the seasonal dynamics of prokaryotes in the river–estuary–coastal ecosystem

Diamondoid hydrocarbons have been widely used to assess the extent of petroleum thermal cracking. In reservoirs subjected to multi-stage petroleum charges, thermal cracking might not occur in situ and, therefore, complicate the accurate evaluation of cracking within a petroleum mixture. The Shunbei area in the Tarim Basin is typical of ultra-deep carbonate reservoirs with multi-stage tectonic movements

Large-scale weather forecasting is critical for ensuring maritime safety and optimizing transoceanic voyages. However, sparse meteorological data, incomplete forecasts, and unreliable communication hinder accurate, high-resolution wind system predictions. This study addresses these challenges to enhance dynamic voyage planning and intelligent ship navigation. We propose IPCA-MHA-DSRU-Net, a novel deep

Despite its remoteness, the deep sea is not spared from the impact of human activities. The emergence of industrial-scale deep-sea mining of polymetallic nodules on the abyssal plains (4-5 km depth) of the Clarion-Clipperton fracture zone in the equatorial Pacific is potentially the most threatening undertaking at present time. A primary aspect that must be comprehensively assessed in order to safeguard

For highly mobile marine species such as pelagic elasmobranchs, the development of effective spatial management requires a comprehensive understanding of movement ecology. Research incorporating movement data across seasons and life stages, including reproductive states, is valuable for informing spatial management, yet is absent for most species. In the Northwest (NW) Atlantic Ocean (hereafter referred

Phaeocystis globosa is a globally distributed harmful algal bloom species that causes severe damage to local environments and economies. The use of the invasive plant Ipomoea cairica as an algaecide for P. globosa is an environmentally friendly management strategy. Although previous studies have found that I. cairica extracts can effectively inhibit P. globosa growth, the molecular mechanism of cellular

In the present study, occurrence and characteristics of microplastics in mangrove sediments and benthic molluscs viz., black clam (Villorita cyprinoides), yellow clam (Meretrix casta), mangrove horn snail (Telescopium telescopium) and brackish water snail (Neripteron violaceum) were studied from mangrove habitats of Vembanad Lake, the largest estuary and a Ramsar site on the south-west coast of India

Groundwater contamination is a significant threat to water security in Bangladesh, especially in coastal areas influenced by salinity intrusion and geogenic pollutants. The study has collected 48 groundwater samples and analyzed 16 water quality parameters to assess the suitability of groundwater for drinking and irrigation purposes in a highly vulnerable coastal area of Bangladesh. The Canadian Council

Coastal shallow habitats are greatly exposed to artificial light at night (ALAN). Although the ecological impacts of light pollution have been tested in some marine species, few studies have been conducted at assemblage level. Our study is a real-scale approach to the effects of ALAN from seaside promenade lighting to the crustacean assemblage of the water column. Beach lighting of a coastal town remained

Mangrove plants grow in muddy and swampy areas where the land and sea meet and are threatened by various pollutants. In the present study, Avicennia marina (Forsk.) Vierh. (A.marina), the pioneer species in mangrove, was selected as model plant. A composite pollution model of microplastics (polypropylene [PP], polyethylene [PE], and polyamide [PA]) and multiple heavy metals (Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Mn

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in killer whale (Orcinus orca) populations in the Northwestern Pacific Ocean are much less studied compared to the Northeastern Pacific and North Atlantic populations. The objective of this study was to address that knowledge gap by analysis of biopsy samples obtained as part of studies of killer whale feeding and habitat use in coastal waters of the Russian Far

Boulder seawalls constructed with granite riprap for shoreline armouring lack habitat complexity, leading to lower marine biodiversity than natural rocky shores. Baskets of live oysters and cured oyster shells, and strings of cured shells laid on concrete blocks were installed on ripraps in Hong Kong, China with an aim to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem functioning towards that of a natural rocky

The ingestion of plastic debris has been reported in all seven marine turtle species, affecting vital processes throughout their entire life cycle and key habitats. Consequently, this emerging threat has been recognized as a priority conservation concern. The potential health impacts range from cryptic sublethal effects to severe injury and death. A comprehensive understanding of these impacts and

More than 70 years of industrial production of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have resulted in their ubiquitous presence in the environment on a global scale, although differences in sources, transport and fate lead to variability of occurrence in the environment. Gull eggs are excellent bioindicators of environmental pollution, especially for persistent organic pollutants such as PFAS

Ocean alkalinization, especially through olivine addition, represents a promising strategy for reducing atmospheric CO2 levels. The addition of olivine may have seasonal impacts on marine microalgal and bacterial communities, which have not been studied yet. In this study, controlled laboratory experiments were conducted in spring and autumn to measure the responses of microalgal and bacterial communities

The UV filters 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, or benzophenone-3 (BP3), and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor, or enzacamene (4-MBC), are recognised as toxicants that might impair different life-history traits in marine invertebrates and threaten the resilience of critical ecosystems such as coral reefs. Their effects on different life-traits of the calanoid copepod Acartia tonsa were tested, including

Mangroves are halophytic woody plants inhabiting the sea-land confluence of tropical and subtropical regions, influenced by marine and terrestrial factors. Among various others, Avicennia marina is the only mangrove species that thrives the extreme climatic conditions of the Arbian Gulf (the Gulf). Highly varying temperatures, hyper salinity, freshwater scarcity and anthropogenic pressures have resulted

Microplastics (MPs) have emerged as a new global pollutant, endangering marine ecosystems. Nonetheless, research on MP pollution in Bangladesh's estuaries and coastal environments is scare. Here, we carried out the experiment to evaluate the spatial and temporal variations of MPs along both bank of the Karnaphuli River in Chattogram city of Bangladesh, encompassing nearly all locations where the river

Shellfish and macroalgae are usually known as environmental remediation species in aquaculture systems. However, the environmental issues are frequently found in shellfish and macroalgae large scale monoculture areas. Although shellfish and macroalgae IMTA might mitigate adverse effects of monoculture, the relationships among cultured organisms, plankton and environmental factors are unclear. This

This study examines suspended sediment transport affected by flocculation settling in a highly stratified tidal estuary. In situ observation recorded two estuarine front passages during strong‐ebb and flood‐slack tides, respectively. The strong‐ebb front enhanced turbulence, increasing sediment concentrations (~ 5 ppm), macrofloc size (~ 300 μm) and settling efficiency. The surface plume combined with

Rivers produce and decompose large amounts of carbon globally due, in part, to high rates of gross primary production (GPP) and ecosystem respiration (ER), collectively known as ecosystem metabolism. Water temperature is a major driver of ecosystem metabolism, and in‐stream temperatures are increasing globally, including extreme temperature events called heatwaves. This study used published estimates

In recent years, underwater object detection (UOD) has become a prominent research area in the computer vision community. However, existing UOD approaches are still vulnerable to underwater environments, which mainly include light scattering and color shifting. The blurring problem caused by water scattering on underwater images makes the high-frequency texture edge less obvious, affecting the detection

Due to the increasing trend in aquaculture and fisheries production, conventional feed resources, especially protein ingredients, are overburdened, and sometimes their price fluctuations limit quality feed formulations for farmers, thus leading to the exploration of alternative protein feed resources. Antarctic krill meal (AKM) has emerged as a potential candidate ingredient for sustainable and suitable

The greenfin horse-faced filefish, Thamnaconus septentrionalis, which is widely distributed in the Indo-West Pacific Ocean, is an important commercial fish species with characteristic blue-green fins, rough skin, and a spine-like first dorsal fin. Recently, T. septentrionalis has captured the attention of conservation and development due to its sharply declining population, and its great economic value

With its safe and efficient characteristics, container transportation has become vital for advancing the global economy. However, port congestion has become a significant obstacle to the container freight price system’s stability. There is currently no dependable engineering solution to guarantee the stability of the maritime transport system in a port congestion scenario. Therefore, decision-makers

Calcareous sand with fines content was often encountered in offshore and onshore engineering. However, most previous research has primarily focused on the mechanical properties of clean calcareous sand. This study conducted a series of drained and undrained triaxial tests on calcareous sand-clay binary mixtures to investigate the impact of fines content on the strength and deformation characteristics

Crab is a traditional Chinese culinary ingredient with significant cultural, archaeological, and artistic research value. As a prized aquatic product in China, it has become a cornerstone of the nation’s aquaculture industry. Throughout history, crab culture has evolved, developing distinct temporal characteristics and cultural connotations. However, controversies surrounding the cultural significance

Reducing the negative impacts of global change on organismal physiology is a critical area of scientific investigation in the Anthropocene. Marine coastal ecosystems that exist downstream from urban centers are often subjected to excess nutrients, pathogens, and chemicals via runoff, which can harm organismal function, and may interact with climate change stress. To simultaneously investigate the individual

Marine protected areas (MPAs) should be prioritized for management actions against bioinvasions. Controlling underwater invaders is particularly challenging because of the need for specific tools and methodologies with long-term investment. Since 2013, a Brazilian no-take MPA has adopted the adaptive management of sun coral (Tubastraea spp.). The historical dataset of sun coral removal in the Alcatrazes

This study examines the occurrence, physical characteristics (size, colour, and shape), and polymer compositions of microplastics (MPs) in beach sediments along the Kuala Langat coastline impacted by tourism and fishing activities. Microplastics particle were isolated using density separation, characterized using microscopy and Spectroscopy technique. Microplastic concentrations ranged from 0.01 to

IntroductionOver the past three decades, approximately 16% of the world’s tidal flats have been lost. In the Yellow River Delta (YRD), the reduction in sediment supply due to decreased Yellow River discharge has raised concerns regarding the morphological stability of tidal flats.MethodsTo investigate the response of tidal flat development to reduced sediment input, a novel physical model experiment

This study examines the effects of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) on Pakistan’s seafood exports, specifically analyzing the China-Pakistan Free Trade Agreement (CP-FTA) and its stages, CP-FTAI and CP-FTAII. Using the gravity model (GM) of trade, it empirically analyzes the dynamics of seafood trade between Pakistan and its neighboring countries, aiming to provide insights into improving trade balance

Harmful algae are often associated with bacteria but whether their toxicity is affected by bacteria is unclear. This study elucidated roles of bacteria associated with Karenia mikimotoi (KMHK) in modulating its ichthyotoxicity. Results revealed KMHK ichthyotoxicity increased in the order of xenic (with algal-associated bacteria) < axenic (free from associated bacteria) < “re-xenic” cultures (with bacterial

Four common bivalves, including white clam (Meretrix lusoria), lined clam (Paratapes undulatus), oysters (Crassostrea gigas), and green mussels (Perna viridi), which are commonly consumed in Central Vietnam, were collected from Tam Giang-Cau Hai and O Loan Coastal Lagoons. The samples were investigated for the presence of microplastics (MPs) in their tissues. The average number of MPs determined in

Plastic pollution threatens life and human health, with microplastics (MP) linked to seafood consumption. MPs enter aquaculture through the environment and from aquaculture gear. During aquaculture production, plastic is used in nets and sacks for the growth process and in collecting and processing so it becomes important to expand the knowledge about how much MPs are present in seafood. The aim was

Underwater Radiated Noise (URN) from vessels has become a significant area of focus in the marine pollution research agenda due to its potentially adverse effects on marine life. URN monitoring and mitigation efforts have been directed primarily toward large commercial vessels (e.g., container ships), which has led to the accumulation of extensive data through standardized measurements. However, this

Lake ice cover is declining globally with important implications for lake ecosystems. Ice loss studies often rely on small numbers of lakes with long‐term data. We analyzed variation and trends in ice cover phenology from 1213 lakes over 74 yr (1949–2022) in Minnesota (USA), during which ice cover duration declined at a rate of 2 d per decade (14 d total) and became more variable. Despite variation

Terrestrial run‐off is increasing in temperate lakes due to climate change and can lead to loading of colored dissolved organic matter (cDOM) and nutrients, thus reducing light availability and increasing carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus. Run‐off events are highly irregular, resulting in temporal resource variability that may determine the energy flow in planktonic communities. To understand the effects