Background Biomarkers predicting second-generation novel hormonal therapy (NHT) benefit relative to taxanes are critical for optimized treatment decisions for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients. These associations have not been reported simultaneously for common mCRPC genomic biomarkers. Objective To evaluate predictive associations of common genomic aberrations in mCRPC

Background Identification of germline mutations in DNA repair genes has significant implications for the personalized treatment of individuals with prostate cancer (PrCa). Objective To determine DNA repair genes associated with localized PrCa in a diverse academic biobank and to determine genetic testing burden. Design, setting, and participants A cross-sectional study of 2391 localized PrCa patients

We aimed to characterize the urinary microbiome of catheterizing patients with neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (NLUTD) and to evaluate differences based on type of bladder management or frequency of urinary tract infections.

To compare clinical outcomes with programmed-death ligand-1 immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC) who have vs have not undergone radical surgery (RS) or radiation therapy (RT) prior to developing metastatic disease.

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has revolutionized HIV prevention, but PrEP does not protect against other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Rates of STIs are rising worldwide, with notably high incidences among PrEP-using men who have sex with men in high-income countries; in low-income and middle-income countries, data are sparse, but results from a limited number of studies among African women

To elucidate biological changes in Hunner lesions, which underlie the pathophysiology of Hunner-type interstitial cystitis, by characterizing their whole transcriptome and immunopathological profiles.

Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) fails to identify some men with significant prostate cancer. PSMA PET/CT is recommended for staging of prostate cancer, but its additional benefit above mpMRI alone in local evaluation for prostate cancer is unclear. The study aim was to evaluate the ability of mpMRI and PSMA PET/CT individually and in combination, to predict tumour location and Gleason score ≥3+4 on robot

To report the positive surgical margins (PSM) rate of Retzius-Sparing Robot-assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RS-RARP) in an unselected, real-life cohort of patients treated at a fellowship-training urological department.

Although Minimally Invasive (robotic or laparoscopic) Abdominal Sacrocolpopexy (MISC) has become the new gold-standard for durable pelvic organ prolapse (POP) repair after the vaginal mesh controversy, current literature is limited. Our objective here is to study of mesh complications after MISC.

While lymph node dissection (LND) at radical cystectomy (RC) for muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) has been studied extensively, the role of LND for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remains incompletely defined. Herein, we aim to assess the association between extent of LND during RC for NMIBC and local pelvic recurrence-free survival (LPRS), cancer-specific survival (CSS), and overall

The oncological benefit of postchemotherapy residual tumor resection (PC-RTR) in patients with germ cell tumors and elevated serum tumor markers (STMs) remains unclear. This analysis was performed to better define patients who benefit from surgery in this setting.

High-quality evidence comparing supine to prone percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) for the treatment of complex stones is lacking. This study aimed to compare the outcomes of supine (SUP) and prone (PRO) PCNL.

Prostate cancer pathological nodal staging uses a single category for all node-positive patients. We sought to improve risk stratification by creating and validating a novel pathological nodal staging system incorporating number of metastatic lymph nodes (+LNs).

To analyze the association between salivary melatonin rhythm and prostate cancer (PCa).

The American Urological Association (AUA) Annual Meeting serves as the premier platform for presenting unpublished research in urology. Among selected abstracts, podium presentations represent the most impactful submissions. While podium presentations receive a large audience through conference attendance and social media posts, it is unclear how often they manifest as publications in peer-reviewed

There are limited data regarding the effect of treatment delays on important long-term outcomes among men with intermediate-/high-risk prostate cancer (PC).

Voiding dysfunction (VD) leading to urinary retention is a common neurogenic lower urinary tract symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. Currently, the only effective management for MS patients with VD is catheterization. Transcranial Rotating Permanent Magnet Stimulator (TRPMS) is a noninvasive, portable, multifocal neuromodulator that simultaneously modulates multiple cortical regions and the

The utility of blue light cystoscopy (BLC) in patients receiving Bacillus Calmette Guerin (BCG) during post-treatment cystoscopy is not well understood. Our objective was to determine if BLC improves recurrence detection in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients undergoing BCG.

After RP, clinical complaints of new onset storage symptoms may be related to anastomotic strictures or as accommodation for stress urinary incontinence; however, a subgroup of men will experience de novo storage symptoms in the absence of stricture or stress urinary incontinence. As therapies for OAB have improved, we sought to assess the prevalence, natural history, and risk factors of de novo storage

Intramuscular testosterone cypionate (IM-TC) is known to cause significant rises in estradiol (E2), hematocrit (HCT), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) due to its supraphysiologic testosterone peaks, whereas a novel subcutaneous testosterone enanthate-autoinjector (SCTE-AI) was designed with a lower testosterone peak-to-trough ratio to mitigate these reactions. We compare the total testosterone (TT)

To test upgrading rates in patients on Active Surveillance (AS) for prostate cancer (PCa) after serial multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) scans.

To determine the prevalence of intrapatient intermetastatic heterogeneity based on positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Heterogeneity is determined with triple-tracer imaging using fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG), gallium-68-(68Ga)-PSMA-617 and 68Ga-DOTATATE, which are a glucose analog, a prostate-specific

To quantify the real-world survival benefit of re-resection versus no re-resection in patients diagnosed with T1 bladder cancer (BC) at the population level.

Recommendations for children and adolescents with single kidneys (like most survivors of Wilms tumour) for taking part in contact sporting activities are not aligned worldwide. This discrepancy can create misunderstandings regarding the perceived and real risk of abdominal impact and trauma when practising some sports.

The British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) consensus statement(1) provides the latest update to guidance on management of bladder injury (BI). Clinical guidelines are a particularly helpful tool for such cases, which are uncommon, but require timely diagnosis and management to optimise outcome.

Background Transperineal repair of rectourethral fistula (RUF) following prostate cancer treatment with gracilis muscle flap interposition (GMFI) leads to favourable outcomes, but published data are still lacking, notably concerning functional aspects. Objective To assess surgical and functional outcomes of this treatment of RUF. Design, setting, and participants A retrospective study was conducted

Patient survival following childhood cancer has increased with contemporary radiation and chemotherapy techniques. However, gonadotoxicity associated with treatments means that infertility is a common consequence in survivors. Novel fertility preservation options are emerging, but knowledge about these options amongst urologists and other medical professionals is lacking. Pre-pubertal boys generally

To assess the effects of device-based circumcisions compared with standard surgical techniques in adolescent and adult males (10 years old and above).

Localized prostate cancer shows great clinical, genetic and environmental heterogeneity; however, prostate cancer treatment is currently guided solely by clinical staging, serum PSA levels and histology. Increasingly, the roles of differential genomics, multifocality and spatial distribution in tumorigenesis are being considered to further personalize treatment. The human prostate is divided into three

To assess the potential for molecular staging in biopsies of the prostatic fossa after radical prostatectomy (RPE) by searching for occult tumour cells through analysis of glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) methylation status.

To examine surgical outcomes and feasibility of blinding patients and care providers to the surgical technique of RC.

Context The European Association of Urology (EAU) has updated its guidelines on sexual and reproductive health for 2021. Objective To present a summary of the 2021 version of the EAU guidelines on sexual and reproductive health, including advances and areas of controversy in male infertility. Evidence acquisition The panel performed a comprehensive literature review of novel data up to January 2021

Background Most available prognostic nomograms in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) are derived from datasets not representative of the current treatment landscape. A prognostic nomogram for first-line mCRPC treatment was developed from patients treated in the PREVAIL study. Objective To validate the Armstrong model in the COU-AA-302 trial. Design, setting, and participants A

Background Radical prostatectomy reduces mortality among patients with localised prostate cancer. Evidence on whether different surgical techniques can affect mortality rates is lacking. Objective To evaluate functional and oncological outcomes 8 yr after robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) and open retropubic radical prostatectomy (RRP). Design, setting, and participants We enrolled 4003

Background Predict Prostate is a freely available online personalised risk communication tool for men with nonmetastatic prostate cancer. Its accuracy has been assessed in multiple validation studies, but its clinical impact among patients has not hitherto been assessed. Objective To assess the impact of the tool on patient decision-making and disease perception. Design, setting, and participants A

To evaluate the role of blue light (BL) cystoscopy in detecting invasive tumors that were not visible on white light (WL) cystoscopy.

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) prior to radical cystectomy (RC) in patients with non-metastatic muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) confers an absolute survival benefit of 5-10%. There is evidence that molecular differences between tumors may impact response to therapy, highlighting a need for clinically validated biomarkers to predict response to NAC.

To externally validate risk models for the detection of kidney cancer, as early detection of kidney cancer improves survival and stratifying the population using risk models could enable an individually tailored screening programme.

Background Radical cystectomy (RC) has the potential for profound changes to health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Objective To evaluate a broad range of HRQOL outcomes in a large RC cohort. Design, setting, and participants A single-center prospective study enrolled RC patients from 2008 to 2014. We collected 14 separate patient-reported outcome measures at the presurgical visit and at 3, 6, 12

To investigate to the incidence and mortality of BCG infections in Finnish population of patients with bladder cancer treated with BCG instillations.

Management of chronic pelvic pain remains a huge challenge for care providers and a major burden for health care systems. Treating chronic pain that has no obvious cause warrants an understanding of the difficulties in managing these conditions. Chronic pain has recently been accepted as a disease in its own right by the World Health Organisation (WHO), with chronic pain without obvious cause being

To determine the pre-operative assessment and peri-operative outcomes of men undergoing bladder outflow obstruction (BOO) surgery in the United Kingdom (UK)

To assess and compare peri-operative outcomes of patients undergoing robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) for imperative vs elective indications.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have become key agents in the management of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC), but their benefits are limited and responders remain unidentified. We investigated the significance of PARP1 in ccRCC using RNA sequencing data for 311 tumors from patients enrolled in prospective clinical trials of PD-1 blockade. Among patients treated with nivolumab (n = 181),

Malnutrition is a potentially modifiable factor that is associated with considerable morbidity and is prevalent in patients with bladder cancer who are treated with radical cystectomy. Studies suggest a role for immuno-nutrition in optimizing patients’ nutritional status before undergoing this procedure, with the goal of improving patient outcomes.

Prostate cancer disproportionately affects Black men; the reason for this phenomenon is unclear. The role of the health-care provider is important in screening for prostate cancer, advising on treatment and ensuring completeness of therapy. Cultural competency is necessary in health-care providers as, for most men in Europe, Australasia and the USA, the ethnicity and/or race of the urologist will be

Background Nivolumab showed an overall survival (OS) benefit in pretreated metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). The role of stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in mRCC remains to be defined. Objective Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SBRT in combination with nivolumab in second- and third-line mRCC patients. Design, setting, and participants The NIVES study was a phase II, single-arm

Focus on quality of life after prostate cancer is vital to improve patient care. Improved assessment and proactive management of post-treatment functional outcomes is essential. Many aspects of the patients’ aftercare need to be improved in order to set up a clear path following prostatectomy. These improvements will enable a timely and efficient escalation of treatment and ameliorate patients’ survivorship

OBJECTIVES To investigate the recent real-world use of first-generation antiandrogens (FGAs) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) using a retrospective multicentre cohort study. PATIENTS AND METHODS The electronic CRPC Australian Database (ePAD) was interrogated to identify patients with mCRPC. Clinicopathological features, treatment and outcome data, stratified by FGA use, were

To assess if uninterrupted anticoagulant agents administration affects blood loss and blood transfusion during open radical cystectomy and urinary diversion.