BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension of the newborn is a life-threatening disorder characterized by elevated pulmonary vascular resistance due to maladaptation of the pulmonary circulation after birth. The etiology and mechanisms underlying pulmonary hypertension of the newborn remain unclear, hindering the development of effective treatment. We hypothesize that perinatal chronic hypoxia upregulates microRNA-210

BACKGROUND Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a common comorbidity in hypertension. However, the impact of NAFLD and related fibrosis on hypertension and its control of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality outcomes remains unclear. METHODS 12 907 and 120 639 participants with hypertension were from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and UK Biobank (UKBB), respectively

BACKGROUND Many medications can have blood pressure (BP)-elevating effects, which might negatively impact BP control among people with hypertension. This study examines trends in prescription fills for BP-elevating and antihypertensive medications, individually and concurrently, among US individuals. METHODS Quarterly trends of concurrent and individual fills for BP-elevating and antihypertensive medications

BACKGROUND The longitudinal impact of blood pressure (BP) control on the components of arterial stiffness has not been studied. METHODS The SPRINT (Systolic BP Intervention Trial) compared an intensive systolic BP goal (<120 mm Hg) to a standard goal (<140 mm Hg). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV) was measured in a subset of participants (n=605) at 0, 1, 2, and 3 years after randomization.

BACKGROUND Adults with hypertension have fewer cardiovascular events if controlled within the first 6 months of diagnosis, during which time they are excluded from many hypertension control metrics. We compared blood pressure (BP, mm Hg) control rates from 6 to 42 months in adults with hypertension who did or did not have antihypertensive treatment initiated (TI) with monotherapy during the first month

BACKGROUND Hypertension and advanced age are risk factors for arteriosclerotic cerebral small vessel disease (cSVD), a common cause of vascular dementia in elderly individuals. Circulating IGF-1 (insulin-like growth factor 1) levels decrease with age and are linked to age-related cognitive impairment. This study assessed the relationship between serum IGF-1 and arteriosclerotic cSVD severity in patients

BACKGROUND A model based on the soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1/placental growth factor ratio, gestational age, and the urinary protein-to-creatinine ratio (PRERISK calculator) has been developed to predict preeclampsia-related maternal-fetal complications. Here, we tested whether this model can reduce hospital admissions without increasing complication rates among women with suspected or confirmed

BACKGROUND The endocannabinoid system (ECS) plays an important role in the early stages of pregnancy, while cannabis use during pregnancy associates with a greater risk of preeclampsia. This study quantified the placental ECS component mRNA levels in gestational age-matched healthy pregnant women, women with preeclampsia, and women who used cannabis throughout their pregnancy. Next, it compared the

Cuffless blood pressure (BP) measurement offers considerable potential for clinical practice but is a challenging technological field. Many are investigating pulse wave analysis with or without pulse arrival time in which machine learning is applied to pulsatile waveforms obtained with mobile devices (eg, wristbands, smartphones) to estimate BP. These methods generally require individual user calibration

There is consistent and strong evidence that nighttime blood pressure is a better predictor of target organ damage and cardiovascular events, and the prevalence of nocturnal hypertension is high in all populations but higher in Asians than Europeans. Excessive salt intake and salt sensitivity have long been believed to be risk factors for elevated nighttime blood pressure in Asians. For various reasons

BACKGROUND Aberrant BMPR2 (bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2) signaling is associated with the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension. SMAD4 is an essential downstream effector of BMPR2 signaling, but whether and how it participates in pulmonary hypertension are unclear. METHODS Globally and vascular cell-specifically inducible knockout mouse models were used to examine the role of SMAD4 deficiency

BACKGROUND Patients with preeclampsia exhibit hypertension and chronic inflammation characterized by CD (cluster determinant) 4+T cells, B cells secreting AT1-AA (agonistic autoantibody against the angiotensin II type 1 receptor), inflammatory cytokines, and complement activation. Importantly, a history of COVID-19 during pregnancy is associated with an increased incidence of a preeclampsia-like phenotype

BACKGROUND The postpartum period is a critical time for blood pressure monitoring and cardiovascular risk factor modification in individuals with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP), who are at increased risk for cardiovascular disease. METHODS We analyzed data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, a nationally representative US population-based survey of postpartum women with

BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to evaluate total circulating PlGF (placental growth factor) and free PlGF concentrations to provide insights into the mechanisms of decreased PlGF noted in preeclampsia and fetal growth restriction. METHODS We conducted a retrospective single-center study in pregnant women receiving care for suspected preeclampsia or fetal growth restriction. Serum angiogenic

BACKGROUND Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) increase cardiovascular disease risk. Blood pressure (BP) trajectories ≤20 weeks' gestation predict HDP outcomes. We hypothesized that early-pregnancy BP patterns stratify risk of developing hypertension years after pregnancy. METHODS This prospective cohort of 174 774 women without prior hypertension, kidney, liver, or heart disease, or history

BACKGROUND Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a distinct cause of low-renin hypertension (LRH), characterized by inappropriate aldosterone production. We investigated the distinction between LRH and PA by leveraging the physiological effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition. METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study including 756 patients with LRH who underwent a captopril challenge test

BACKGROUND In 2024, the World Health Organization released a report on Priorities for Research on Hypertension Care Delivery. This article provides its executive summary. METHODS The World Health Organization and its technical experts formed a leadership team, developed a scope and objectives, created a thematic framework, developed a survey for each theme, and identified research priorities. The 5

BACKGROUND Persistently high blood pressure remains the leading risk factor for mortality worldwide. This study aims to identify potential drug targets for hypertension. METHODS Mendelian randomization was used to identify therapeutic targets for hypertension. Genome-wide association study summary statistics were obtained from the UK Biobank and FinnGen study. Cis-expression quantitative trait loci

Hypertension presents the largest modifiable public health challenge due to its high prevalence, its intimate relationship to cardiovascular diseases, and its complex pathogenesis and pathophysiology. Low awareness of blood pressure elevation and suboptimal hypertension diagnosis serve as the major hurdles in effective hypertension management. Advances in artificial intelligence in hypertension have

BACKGROUND The cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and heart-thigh β index (htβ) assess arterial stiffness by correcting pulse wave velocity for blood pressure to achieve less dependency on blood pressure variations. Normative data for these markers among US communities are lacking. We aimed to assess the determinants and normative values of CAVI and htβ. METHODS MESA (Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis)

BACKGROUND The long-term associations between metal mixtures in pregnancy and women's mid-life blood pressure (BP) and hypertension remain unclear. METHODS In Project Viva (enrolled 1999-2002), we measured nonessential (arsenic, barium, cadmium, cesium, mercury, lead) and essential metals (copper, magnesium, manganese, selenium, zinc) in red blood cells, along with folate and vitamin B12 in plasma

BACKGROUND Arterial hypertension (HTN) and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) are contributors to chronic kidney disease leading to glomerulomegaly and podocyte loss. Enlarged glomeruli and podocyte depletion are associated with kidney disease progression. This retrospective study aimed to investigate morphometric changes in patients with HTN and the contribution of coexisting T2DM in HTN. METHODS Glomerular and

BACKGROUND ATP citrate lyase (ACLY) is a key enzyme in de novo lipogenesis that generates acetyl-CoA from citrate. Although fatty acids are required for energy production and biomass synthesis in the heart, the regulatory mechanisms of ACLY-mediated de novo lipogenesis in pathological cardiac fibroblasts remain unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate the biological role of ACLY in cardiac

BACKGROUND Hypertension in adolescence is associated with subclinical target organ injury. We aimed to determine whether different blood pressure thresholds were associated with an increasing number of target organ injury markers in healthy adolescents. METHODS A total of 244 participants (mean age 15.5±1.8 years, 60.1% male) were studied. Participants were divided based on systolic clinic and systolic

BACKGROUND The impact of preventing hypertension and maintaining normal blood pressure (BP) on life expectancy and healthy life expectancy (HLE) among Black adults, who are disproportionately affected by hypertension, has not been quantified. METHODS We used a discrete event simulation to estimate life expectancy and HLE among a cohort of Black adults from the Jackson Heart Study (n=4933) from age

BACKGROUND Primary aldosteronism, an endocrinopathy present in ≥10% to 25% of patients with hypertension, confers excess cardiovascular risk that can be mitigated with aldosterone-directed therapy. However, only 2% of eligible patients undergo guideline-recommended screening. This study aimed to bypass clinical inertia and identify people with primary aldosteronism using pragmatic, direct-to-patient

BACKGROUND A hypertensive disorder of pregnancy is associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular disease later in life, but the potential mechanistic links are unknown. METHODS We recruited 2 groups of women, 1 during pregnancy and another at least 2 years after delivery. Cases had a hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, and controls had a normotensive pregnancy. The pregnancy cohort had study visits

Hypertension is a multifactorial condition influenced by the intricate interplay of biological and genetic determinants. The growing field of Environmental Hypertensionology endorses the outsized role of environmental factors in the pathogenesis and exacerbation of hypertension. It provides a clinical approach to address these factors at the individual and societal levels. Environmental stressors contributing

Genome-wide association studies have identified >3500 associated single nucleotide polymorphisms and over 1000 independent loci associated with hypertension. These individually have small effect sizes, and few associated loci have been experimentally tested for causal roles in hypertension using animal models or in humans. Thus, methods to prioritize and maximize the relevance of identified single

BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk differs across Asian subgroups, possibly due to differences in hypertension burden. We characterized lifetime blood pressure (BP) trajectories for East and South Asian individuals and compared their associations with CVD risk. METHODS Among 148 872 UK Biobank participants with primary care utilization data, life course BP trajectories were fitted as a function

BACKGROUND Excessive hypercholesterolemia in pregnancy increases the risk of preeclampsia (HC-PE), though the mechanisms remain unclear. We recently showed that uterine artery function is impaired in HC-PE pregnancies via activation of the TLR4 (toll-like receptor 4)/PGHS1 (prostaglandin H synthase 1) pathway. Low-dose aspirin lowers preeclampsia risk in high-risk pregnancies by inhibiting PGHS1, but

BACKGROUND The mediating role of inflammatory biomarkers in the causal relationship between body composition and hypertension remains unclear and requires further investigation. METHODS This study used a combination of retrospective observational analysis and Mendelian randomization approaches. Observational data were derived from 4717 Chinese children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years who underwent

BACKGROUND Psychosocial stress is a cardiovascular risk factor; however, little is known about whether prenatal psychosocial stressors influence postpartum cardiovascular health. We aimed to examine the associations of multiple measures of prenatal psychosocial stress on maternal blood pressure (BP) in the first 4 years after birth. METHODS Among 225 MADRES cohort (Maternal and Developmental Risks

BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection (TAAD) is linked to genetic variants that affect aortic components. Although hypertension is a risk factor for TAAD, the precise genetic link remains unclear. METHODS A family with autosomal dominant TAAD complicated by hypertension was studied to identify candidate mutations. The effect of the identified mutation on

BACKGROUND Cardiac hypertrophy constitutes the primary pathological basis for heart failure and exerts a considerable influence on morbidity and mortality. Deubiquitinating enzymes are crucial regulators of protein degradation and play a pivotal role in cardiac pathophysiology. This study aimed to clarify the involvement of a deubiquitinating enzyme, MYSM1 (Myb-like, SWIRM [Swi3p, Rsc8p and Moira]

BACKGROUND Severe preeclampsia (sPE) is a serious condition posing risks to both maternal and fetal health. Based on mass spectrometry analysis, we identified a key protein, PSME3 (proteasome activator subunit 3), an 11S proteasome activator, whose protein level was significantly downregulated in sPE placentas and whose function in sPE remains unknown. METHODS PSME3 protein levels in human placental

BACKGROUND Our previous findings that arachidonic acid-12/15-lipoxygenase (LOX)-generated metabolite 12(S)-HETE contributes to angiotensin II (AngII)-induced hypertension and 17β-estradiol protects from AngII-induced hypertension via its cytochrome P450 (CYP)1B1-generated metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) in female mice led us to test the hypothesis that 2-methoxyestradiol

BACKGROUND Observational studies have linked LDL-C (low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol)-lowering drugs with lower blood pressure (BP) and higher fasting glucose, but the causality remains unclear. We conducted a drug target Mendelian randomization study to assess the causal associations of genetically proxied inhibition of HMGCR (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase), PCSK9 (proprotein

BACKGROUND Hypertension is a major global health issue. Aldosterone synthase inhibitors (ASIs) have emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for blood pressure control. METHODS A thorough search of the MEDLINE and Embase databases up to March 30, 2024, identified randomized trials comparing ASIs with a placebo for hypertension treatment. Data extraction was done independently by 2 authors. Both

BACKGROUND Hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor, yet traditional care often results in suboptimal blood pressure (BP) control at the population level. We implemented a remote hypertension management program that monitored home BP and titrated medications per algorithm. This study assessed the program's long-term effects by examining participants' office BP up to 42 months post-enrollment

The term early life stress encompasses traumatic events occurring before the age of 18 years, such as physical abuse, verbal abuse, household dysfunctions, sexual abuse, childhood neglect, child maltreatment, and adverse childhood experiences. Adverse psychological experiences in early life are linked to enduring effects on mental and physical health in adulthood. In this review, we first describe

BACKGROUND Transcatheter renal denervation (RDN) remains inconsistent despite developments in ablation technologies, due to the lack of an intraprocedural physiological end point. The aim of this study was to identify if aorticorenal ganglion (ARG) guided RDN using microwave (MW) catheter leads to more consistent denervation outcomes compared with empirical MW ablation. METHODS Pigs underwent sham