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Effects of BNT162b2 Messenger RNA Vaccine and ChAdOx1 Adenovirus Vector Vaccine on Deaths From Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Adults Aged ≥70 Years Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Jamie Lopez Bernal, Nick Andrews, Charlotte Gower, Julia Stowe, Elise Tessier, Ruth Simmons, Mary Ramsay
We estimated the risk of death from coronavirus disease 2019 in vaccinated compared with unvaccinated patients. The risk of death was reduced 44% after 1 dose of the Pfizer-BioNTech BNT162b2 vaccine, 55% after 1 dose of the Oxford-Astrazeneca ChAdOx1 vaccine, and 69% after 2 doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine. This is above the protection provided against infection.
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Primaquine dose and the risk of haemolysis in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax malaria: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Megha Rajasekhar, Julie A Simpson, Benedikt Ley, Peta Edler, Cindy S Chu, Tesfay Abreha, Ghulam R Awab, J Kevin Baird, Germana Bancone, Bridget E Barber, Matthew J Grigg, Jimee Hwang, Harin Karunajeewa, Marcus V G Lacerda, Simone Ladeia-Andrade, Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas, Sasithon Pukrittayakamee, Komal R Rijal, Kavitha Saravu, Inge Sutanto, Adugna Woyessa
Background Primaquine radical cure is used to treat dormant liver-stage parasites and prevent relapsing Plasmodium vivax malaria but is limited by concerns of haemolysis. We undertook a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate the haematological safety of different primaquine regimens for P vivax radical cure. Methods For this systematic review and individual patient
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Effect of primaquine dose on the risk of recurrence in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax: a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Robert J Commons, Megha Rajasekhar, Peta Edler, Tesfay Abreha, Ghulam R Awab, J Kevin Baird, Bridget E Barber, Cindy S Chu, Liwang Cui, André Daher, Lilia Gonzalez-Ceron, Matthew J Grigg, Jimee Hwang, Harin Karunajeewa, Marcus V G Lacerda, Simone Ladeia-Andrade, Kartini Lidia, Alejandro Llanos-Cuentas, Rhea J Longley, Dhelio B Pereira, Adugna Woyessa
Background Primaquine is used to eliminate Plasmodium vivax hypnozoites, but its optimal dosing regimen remains unclear. We undertook a systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of different primaquine dosing regimens to prevent P vivax recurrence. Methods For this systematic review and individual patient data meta-analysis, we searched
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Risk Factors and Outcomes of Hematogenous Vertebral Osteomyelitis in Patients With Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Tori Kinamon, Michael Dagher, Lawrence Park, Felicia Ruffin, Vance G Fowler, Stacey A Maskarinec
Background Hematogenous vertebral osteomyelitis (HVOM) is an incompletely understood complication of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia (SAB). Methods Eligible SAB patients with and without HVOM were prospectively enrolled from 1995 through 2019 at Duke University Health System. HVOM was diagnosed either radiographically or microbiologically. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to
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Long-term Cardiovascular, Cerebrovascular, and Other Thrombotic Complications in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Survivors: A Retrospective Cohort Study Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-25 Jue Tao Lim, Wee Liang En, An Ting Tay, Deanette Pang, Calvin J Chiew, Benjamin Ong, David Chien Boon Lye, Kelvin Bryan Tan
Background Growing evidence suggests that some coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) survivors experience a wide range of long-term postacute sequelae. We examined the postacute risk and burden of new-incident cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and other thrombotic complications after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in a highly vaccinated multiethnic Southeast Asian
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Development of an automated, high-throughput SARS-CoV-2 neutralization assay based on a pseudotyped virus using a vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) vector Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Ziteng Liang, Xi Wu, Jiajing Wu, Shuo Liu, Jincheng Tong, Tao Li, Yuanling Yu, Li Zhang, Chenyan Zhao, Qiong Lu, Haiyang Qin, Jianhui Nie, Weijin Huang, Youchun Wang
The global outbreak of COVID-19 has caused a severe threat to human health; therefore, simple, high-throughput neutralization assays are desirable for developing vaccines and drugs against COVID-19...
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Primaquine dose and the risk of haemolysis and Plasmodium vivax recurrence: pooling the available data to reassure the unconvinced Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Pere Millat-Martínez, Quique Bassat
Abstract not available
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The TB Vaccine Accelerator Council: harnessing the power of vaccines to end the tuberculosis epidemic Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Nísia Trindade Lima
Abstract not available
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The fight against the deadly rise of anti-science Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Shiva Raj Mishra
Abstract not available
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Long-acting Injectable Cabotegravir/Rilpivirine Effective in a Small Patient Cohort With Virologic Failure on Oral Antiretroviral Therapy Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-23 James B Brock, Peyton Herrington, Melissa Hickman, Aubri Hickman
We report 12 patients with persistent viremia on oral antiretroviral therapy who were initiated on injectable cabotegravir/rilpivirine (iCAB/RPV) without oral lead-in. All patients achieved viral suppression without any virologic rebound. iCAB/RPV may be considered as an option for patients unable to maintain suppression on oral antiretroviral therapy.
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A follow-up study on the recovery and reinfection of Omicron COVID-19 patients in Shanghai, China Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Mengna Lin, Kangli Cao, Feixiang Xu, Xueling Wu, Yao Shen, Su Lu, Zhongshu Kuang, Hailin Ding, Shuyun Yuan, Mian Shao, Guorong Gu, Lingyu Xing, Tianwen Gu, Shaodie Chen, Jian Sun, Jiamin Zhu, Xiaoyan Zhang, Yilin Yang, Guoping Zhao, Lihong Huang, Jianqing Xu, Zhenju Song
Limited follow-up data is available on the recovery of Omicron COVID-19 patients after acute illness. It is also critical to understand persistence of neutralizing antibody (NAb) and of T-cell medi...
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Prostaglandin e2 contributes to L. braziliensis survival and therapeutic failure in cutaneous leishmaniasis Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Maurício T. Nascimento, Débora L. Viana, Fábio C. Peixoto, Sérgio M. Arruda, Edgar M. Carvalho, Lucas P. Carvalho
Patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) present an exacerbated inflammatory response associated with tissue damage and ulcer development. In recent years, higher rates of failure to pentavalent ...
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An updated database of virus circular RNAs provides new insights into the biogenesis mechanism of the molecule Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Ping Fu, Zena Cai, Zhiyuan Zhang, Xiangxian Meng, Yousong Peng
Virus circular RNAs (circRNA) have been reported to be extensively expressed and play important roles in viral infections. In our previous study, we built the first database of virus circRNAs named...
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Kamran Rafiq Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Vijay Shankar Balakrishnan
Abstract not available
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Underreporting and misclassification of RSV-coded hospitalization among adults in Denmark between 2015/16 to 2017/18 J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-22 Amanda Marie Egeskov-Cavling, Caroline Klint Johannesen, Birgitte Lindegaard, Thea K Fischer
Background Low awareness and lack of routine testing for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections among adults has led to underreporting and misclassification in hospital records. The Danish National Patient Registry (DNPR) provide an opportunity to identify all patients hospitalized with a respiratory tract infection (RTI) diagnosis. This study aimed to assess the underreporting and misclassification
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A pandemic playbook Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Vijay Shankar Balakrishnan
Abstract not available
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The cancer of women Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Hollie Sherwood-Martin
Abstract not available
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Antigenicity and infectivity characterisation of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Sijie Yang, Yuanling Yu, Fanchong Jian, Weiliang Song, Ayijiang Yisimayi, Xiaosu Chen, Yanli Xu, Peng Wang, Jing Wang, Lingling Yu, Xiao Niu, Jing Wang, Tianhe Xiao, Ran An, Yao Wang, Qingqing Gu, Fei Shao, Ronghua Jin, Zhongyang Shen, Youchun Wang, Yunlong Cao
Abstract not available
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The legacy of the Black angels Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-18 Jennifer Furin
Abstract not available
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Correction to Lancet Infect Dis 2023; 23: e397–98 Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-18
Abstract not available
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Transmissibility, infectivity, and immune evasion of the SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 variant Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-18 Keiya Uriu, Jumpei Ito, Yusuke Kosugi, Yuri L Tanaka, Yuka Mugita, Ziyi Guo, Alfredo A Hinay, Olivia Putri, Yoonjin Kim, Ryo Shimizu, MST Monira Begum, Michael Jonathan, , Akatsuki Saito, Terumasa Ikeda, Kei Sato
Abstract not available
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More than a decade since the latest CONSORT non-inferiority trials extension: do infectious diseases trials do enough? Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Adam S Komorowski, Carson K L Lo, Andrew K Kapoor, Marek Smieja, Mark Loeb, Dominik Mertz, Anthony D Bai
More than a decade after the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials group released a reporting items checklist for non-inferiority randomized controlled trials, the infectious diseases literature continues to underreport these items. Trialists, journals, and peer reviewers should redouble their efforts to ensure infectious diseases studies meet these minimum reporting standards.
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Moving beyond mortality: Development and Application of a Desirability of Outcome Ranking (DOOR) Endpoint for Hospital-Acquired Bacterial Pneumonia and Ventilator-Associated Bacterial Pneumonia Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Jessica Howard-Anderson, Toshimitsu Hamasaki, Weixiao Dai, Deborah Collyar, Daniel Rubin, Sumathi Nambiar, Tori Kinamon, Heidi Leister-Tebbe, Carol Hill, Holly Geres, Thomas L Holland, Sarah B Doernberg, Henry F Chambers, Vance G Fowler, Scott R Evans, Helen W Boucher
Background Hospital-acquired and ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia (HABP/VABP) are frequently caused by multidrug-resistant organisms. Patient-centered endpoints in clinical trials are needed to develop new antibiotics for HABP/VABP. Desirability of outcome ranking (DOOR) is a paradigm for the design, analysis, and interpretation of clinical trials based on a patient-centered, benefit-risk
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The fading of the mpox outbreak among men who have sex with men: a mathematical modelling study J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Maria Xiridou, Fuminari Miura, Philippe Adam, Eline Op de Coul, John de Wit, Jacco Wallinga
Background In the Netherlands, the number of mpox cases started declining before mpox vaccination was initiated. Most cases were men who have sex with men (MSM). We investigated whether the decline in mpox could be attributed to infection-induced immunity or behavioural adaptations. Methods We developed a transmission model and accounted for possible behavioural adaptations: less casual partners and
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Ferrets as a mammalian model to study influenza virus-bacteria interactions J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Poulami Basu Thakur, Victoria J Mrotz, Taronna R Maines, Jessica A Belser
Ferrets represent an invaluable model for the study of influenza virus pathogenicity and transmissibility due to the ability of this species to recapitulate clinical symptoms of influenza infection present in humans. Ferrets are also employed for the study of bacterial pathogens that naturally infect humans at different anatomical sites, including the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. While
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Post-transplant dynamics and clinical significance of CMV-specific neutralizing antibodies in kidney transplant recipients treated with T-cell-depleting agents J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-21 Mario Fernández-Ruiz, Estéfani García-Ríos, Natalia Redondo, Isabel Rodríguez-Goncer, Tamara Ruiz-Merlo, Patricia Parra, Virginia Sandonis, Francisco López-Medrano, Rafael San Juan, Esther González, Natalia Polanco, Amado Andrés, David Navarro, José María Aguado, Pilar Pérez-Romero
We measured cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific antibodies that neutralize epithelial cell infection (CMV-AbNEIs) in 101 CMV-seropositive kidney transplant recipients (KTRs) at baseline and post-transplant months 3 and 6. All the patients received antithymocyte globulin and 3-month valganciclovir prophylaxis. There were no significant differences in pre-transplant AbNEIs titers between KTRs that developed
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Severe pneumonia and pathogenic damage in human airway epithelium caused by Coxsackievirus B4 Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Jing Dai, Duo Xu, Chao Yang, Huan Wang, Dehui Chen, Zhengshi Lin, Shuyan Qiu, Li Zhang, Xiao Li, Xingui Tian, Qian Liu, Yujun Cui, Rong Zhou, Wenkuan Liu
Coxsackievirus B4 (CVB4) has one of the highest proportions of fatal outcomes of other enterovirus serotypes. However, the pathogenesis of severe respiratory disease caused by CVB4 infection remain...
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Hepatitis B virus promotes its own replication by enhancing RAB5A-mediated dual activation of endosomal and autophagic vesicle pathways Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Zhenyu Zhao, Zhen Wei, Jiaxin Zheng, Zhihong Li, Hecun Zou, Xiang Wen, Fahong Li, Xueyu Wang, Qian Huang, Huaqing Zeng, Hui Fan, Xuefei Cai, Jiming Zhang, Bei Jia, Ailong Huang, Mengji Lu, Yong Lin
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains one of the major global public health concerns, and it develop into liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Recent evidence sugges...
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Spike in Congenital Syphilis, Mississippi, USA, 2016–2022 Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Manuela Staneva, Charlotte V. Hobbs, Thomas Dobbs
In Mississippi, USA, infant hospitalization with congenital syphilis (CS) spiked by 1,000%, from 10 in 2016 to 110 in 2022. To determine the causes of this alarming development, we analyzed Mississippi hospital discharge data to evaluate trends, demographics, outcomes, and risk factors for infants diagnosed with CS hospitalized during 2016–2022. Of the 367 infants hospitalized with a CS diagnosis,
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Determining herd immunity thresholds for hepatitis A virus transmission to inform vaccination strategies among people who inject drugs in 16 U.S. States Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Judy Yang, Nathan C Lo, Emmanuelle A Dankwa, Christl A Donnelly, Ribhav Gupta, Martha P Montgomery, Mark K Weng, Natasha K Martin
Background Widespread outbreaks of person-to-person transmission of hepatitis A virus (HAV), particularly among people who inject drugs (PWID), continue across the United States and globally. However, the herd immunity threshold and vaccination coverage required to prevent outbreaks is unknown. We aimed to use surveillance data and dynamic modeling to estimate herd immunity thresholds among PWID in
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Are contact precautions “essential” for the prevention of healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus? Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Daniel J Diekema, Priya Nori, Michael P Stevens, Matthew W Smith, K C Coffey, Daniel J Morgan
The recently updated SHEA/IDSA/APIC practice recommendations for MRSA prevention in acute care facilities list contact precautions (CP) for patients known to be infected or colonized with MRSA as an “essential practice”, meaning that it should be adopted in all acute care facilities. We argue that existing evidence on benefits and harms associated with CP do not justify this recommendation. There are
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High-Resolution Plasma Metabolomics Identifies Alterations in Fatty Acid, Energy, and Micronutrient Metabolism in Adults across the Leprosy Spectrum J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Jessica K Fairley, José A Ferreira, Lucia A O Fraga, Sandra Lyon, Thales M Valadão Cardoso, Victor Campos Boson, Ana Carolina Madureira Nunes, Eloisa H Medeiros Cinha, Lorena B P de Oliveira, Erica B Magueta, Pedro H F Marçal, Alexandre C Branco, Maria Aparecida F Grossi, Dean P Jones, Thomas R Ziegler, Jeffrey M Collins
Background High resolution metabolomics (HRM) is an innovative tool to study challenging infectious diseases like leprosy, where the pathogen cannot be grown with standard methods. Here, we use HRM to better understand associations between disease manifestations, nutrition, and host metabolism. Methods From 2018-2019, adults with leprosy and controls were recruited in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Plasma metabolites
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Linezolid population pharmacokinetic model in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid among patients with tuberculosis meningitis J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Noha Abdelgawad, Sean Wasserman, Mahmoud Tareq Abdelwahab, Angharad Davis, Cari Stek, Lubbe Wiesner, John Black, Graeme Meintjes, Robert J Wilkinson, Paolo Denti
Background Linezolid is evaluated in novel treatment regimens for tuberculous meningitis (TBM). Linezolid pharmacokinetics have not been characterized in this population, particularly in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) where exposures may be affected by changes in protein concentration. Linezolid co-administration with high-dose rifampicin, has also not been studied. We aimed to characterize linezolid plasma
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Oral Favipiravir Exposure and Pharmacodynamic Effects in Outpatient Adults with Acute Influenza J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Frederick G Hayden, Robert P Lenk, Carol Epstein, Lih Lisa Kang
Background The pharmacokinetics of oral favipiravir and the relationships of plasma concentrations to antiviral effects are incompletely studied in influenza. Methods Serial plasma samples were collected from adults with uncomplicated influenza who were randomized to favipiravir (1800 mg BID on day 1, 800 mg BID on days 2 to 5)(N = 827) or placebo (N = 419) in two phase 3 trials. Post hoc analyses
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Development and validation of three automated high-throughput molecular tests to detect MPX virus infections J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Mark Anderson, Austin Hodges, Ka-Cheung Luk, Ana Olivo, Kenn Forberg, Todd V Meyer, Carolyn Strobel, Mark Kim, Dan Toolsie, Nicholas M Moore, Yitzchak Goldstein, Mary Rodgers, Danijela Lucic, Gavin Cloherty
Background The 2022 outbreak of the Clade IIb MPX virus and subsequent global spread lead to an urgent need for the development of high throughput, sensitive, and reproducible diagnostic tests. Methods We developed 3 assays to detect MPX virus, two (MPXV + and MPXV) for m2000 RealTime and one (MPXV) for Alinity m platforms. Dual-targets in E9L and B6R (MPXV+) and J2L and B7R (MPXV) genes were selected
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Reconsideration of maternal serological testing for predicting congenital CMV infection J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Yue Huang, Jiabao Tang, Huan Yu, Qiaoqiao Song, Mengling Hao, Han Wang, Junxian Liu, Yue Dong, Mufeng Liang, Sijie Zhuang, Caihong Li, Jiangding Wang, Caihong Liang, Yingying Su, Tingdong Li, Ting Wu, Shengxiang Ge, Jun Zhang, Ningshao Xia
Background The value of the widely applied maternal cytomegalovirus (CMV) serological testing approach in predicting intrauterine transmission in highly seroprevalent regions remains unknown. Methods A nested case‒control study was conducted based on a maternal–child cohort study. Newborns with congenital CMV (cCMV) infection were included, and each of them was matched to 3 newborns without cCMV infection
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Abundant Neutrophils-initiated Acute Myocardial Injury Following Coxsackievirus A6 Infection J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-20 Yu Zhang, Shuaiyin Chen, Tiantian Sun, Guangcai Duan, Haiyan Yang, Huifen Feng, Wenjie Jiang, Dong Li, Wangquan Ji, Peiyu Zhu, Yuefei Jin
Coxsackievirus (CV) A6 is currently considered as a predominant pathogen of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD), and is occasionally linked to myocardial injury. We first established a mouse model of CVA6-induced myocardial injury. Next, we analyzed the immune cell phenotypes CVA6-infected mice hearts by FACS, and found that CVA6 led to massive neutrophils infiltration, suggesting their potential
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Borrelia bavariensis in Questing Ixodes ricinus Ticks, United Kingdom Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-18 Grace Plahe, Jessica L. Hall, David Johnson, Lucy Gilbert, Richard J. Birtles
We detected Borrelia bavariensis in Ixodes ricinus ticks collected near 2 towns in the United Kingdom. Human B. bavariensis infections have not been reported previously in the country, underscoring the value of tick surveillance to warn of emerging human disease. B. bavariensis should be considered in patients with suspected neuroborreliosis.
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Plasmodium knowlesi Infection in Traveler Returning to Canada from the Philippines, 2023 Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-18 Calvin Ka-Fung Lo, Katherine Plewes, Sakuntla Sharma, Alicia Low, LingHui D. Su, Sara Belga, Ferdinand V. Salazar, Jan Hajek, Muhammad Morshed, Catherine A. Hogan
A 55-year-old man sought treatment for an uncomplicated febrile illness after returning to Canada from the Philippines. A suspected diagnosis of Plasmodium knowlesi infection was confirmed by PCR, and treatment with atovaquone/proguanil brought successful recovery. We review the evolving epidemiology of P. knowlesi malaria in the Philippines, specifically within Palawan Island.
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Stability of Monkeypox Virus in Body Fluids and Wastewater Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-18 Claude Kwe Yinda, Dylan H. Morris, Robert J. Fischer, Shane Gallogly, Zachary A. Weishampel, Julia R. Port, Trenton Bushmaker, Jonathan E. Schulz, Kyle Bibby, Neeltje van Doremalen, James O. Lloyd-Smith, Vincent J. Munster
An outbreak of human mpox infection in nonendemic countries appears to have been driven largely by transmission through body fluids or skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity. We evaluated the stability of monkeypox virus (MPXV) in different environments and specific body fluids and tested the effectiveness of decontamination methodologies. MPXV decayed faster at higher temperatures, and rates
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Rotavirus genotypes in the post-vaccine era: A systematic review and meta-analysis of global, regional, and temporal trends in settings with and without rotavirus vaccine introduction J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Avnika B Amin, Jordan E Cates, Zihao Liu, Joanne Wu, Iman Ali, Alexia Rodriguez, Junaid Panjwani, Jacqueline E Tate, Benjamin A Lopman, Umesh D Parashar
Background Even moderate differences in rotavirus vaccine effectiveness against non-vaccine genotypes may exert selective pressures on circulating rotaviruses. Whether this vaccine effect or natural temporal fluctuations underlie observed changes in genotype distributions is unclear. Methods We systematically reviewed studies reporting rotavirus genotypes from children <5 years of age globally between
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Viral interference during influenza A-SARS-CoV-2 coinfection of the human airway epithelium and reversal by oseltamivir J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2023-09-19 Nagarjuna R Cheemarla, Timothy A Watkins, Valia T Mihaylova, Ellen F Foxman
To gain insight into interactions among respiratory viruses, we modeled influenza A virus (IAV) - SARS-CoV-2 coinfections using differentiated human airway epithelial cultures. Replicating IAV induced a more robust interferon response than SARS-CoV-2 and suppressed SARS-CoV-2 replication in both sequential and simultaneous infections, whereas SARS-CoV-2 did not enhance host cell defense during influenza
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Dolutegravir dosing with rifampicin – Authors' reply Lancet HIV (IF 16.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Gary Maartens, Rulan Griesel
Abstract not available
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The impact of preventive treatment for multidrug- and rifampin-resistant tuberculosis exceeds trial-based estimates Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-18 Parastu Kasaie, Jeff Pennington, Amita Gupta, David W Dowdy, Emily A Kendall
Background Several clinical trials of tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) for household contacts of patients with multidrug- or rifampin-resistant tuberculosis (MDR/RR-TB) are nearing completion. The potential benefits of delivering TPT to MDR/RR-TB contacts extend beyond the outcomes that clinical trials can measure. Methods We developed an agent-based, household-structured TB and MDR/RR-TB transmission
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Prevention and post-exposure management of occupational exposure to Ebola virus Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Michael A Moso, Chuan K Lim, Eloise Williams, Caroline Marshall, James McCarthy, Deborah A Williamson
There have been significant advances in the prevention and management of Ebola virus disease (EVD) caused by Zaire Ebola virus (ZEBOV), including the development of two effective vaccines, rVSV-ZEBOV and Ad26.ZEBOV/MVA-BN-Filo. In addition, ZEBOV monoclonal antibodies have become first-line therapy for EVD. However, the 2022–23 outbreak of Sudan Ebola virus (SUDV) in Uganda has highlighted the gap
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SARS-CoV-2-related mortality decrease in nursing home residents given multiple COVID-19 boosters Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Kim Blom, Peter Fjällström, Christian Molnár, Mikael Åberg, Linnea Vikström, Julia Wigren-Byström, Louise Bennet, Micael Widerström, Gunlög Rasmussen, Jonas Klingström, Mattias N E Forsell, Anders F Johansson
Abstract not available
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Neutralisation sensitivity of SARS-CoV-2 lineages EG.5.1 and XBB.2.3 Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Lu Zhang, Amy Kempf, Inga Nehlmeier, Anne Cossmann, Alexandra Dopfer-Jablonka, Metodi V Stankov, Sebastian R Schulz, Hans-Martin Jäck, Georg M N Behrens, Stefan Pöhlmann, Markus Hoffmann
Abstract not available
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Reemergence of Cosmopolitan Genotype Dengue Virus Serotype 2, Southern Vietnam Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Vi T. Tran, Rhys P.D. Inward, Bernardo Gutierrez, Nguyet M. Nguyen, Phong T. Nguyen, Isabelle Rajendiran, Tam T. Cao, Kien T.H. Duong, Moritz U.G. Kraemer, Sophie Yacoub
We performed phylogenetic analysis on dengue virus serotype 2 Cosmopolitan genotype in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. We document virus emergence, probable routes of introduction, and timeline of events. Our findings highlight the need for continuous, systematic genomic surveillance to manage outbreaks and forecast future epidemics.
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Human-to-Human Transmission of Andes Virus Modeled in Syrian Hamster Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Silke A. Riesle-Sbarbaro, Norman Kirchoff, Katharina Hansen-Kant, Alice Stern, Andreas Kurth, Joseph B. Prescott
Several occurrences of human-to-human transmission of Andes virus, an etiological agent of hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, are documented. Syrian hamsters consistently model human hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome, yet neither transmission nor shedding has been investigated. We demonstrate horizontal virus transmission and show that Andes virus is shed efficiently from both inoculated and contact-infected
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Seafood-Associated Outbreak of ctx-Negative Vibrio mimicus Causing Cholera-Like Illness, Florida, USA Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Meer T. Alam, Sarah R. Stern, Devin Frison, Katie Taylor, Massimiliano S. Tagliamonte, S. Sakib Nazmus, Taylor Paisie, Nicole B. Hilliard, Riley G. Jones, Nicole M. Iovine, Kartik Cherabuddi, Carla Mavian, Paul Myers, Marco Salemi, Afsar Ali, J. Glenn Morris
Vibrio mimicus caused a seafood-associated outbreak in Florida, USA, in which 4 of 6 case-patients were hospitalized; 1 required intensive care for severe diarrhea. Strains were ctx-negative but carried genes for other virulence determinants (hemolysin, proteases, and types I–IV and VI secretion systems). Cholera toxin–negative bacterial strains can cause cholera-like disease.
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Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Infections in 2 Free-Ranging Black Bears (Ursus americanus), Quebec, Canada Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Benjamin T. Jakobek, Yohannes Berhane, Marie-Soleil Nadeau, Carissa Embury-Hyatt, Oliver Lung, Wanhong Xu, Stéphane Lair
Wholly Eurasian highly pathogemic avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b virus was isolated from 2 free-ranging black bears with meningoencephalitis in Quebec, Canada. We found that isolates from both animals had the D701N mutation in the polymerase basic 2 gene, previously known to promote adaptation of H5N1 viruses to mammal hosts.
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa High-Risk Sequence Type 463 Co-Producing KPC-2 and AFM-1 Carbapenemases, China, 2020–2022 Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Piaopiao Zhang, Wenhao Wu, Nanfei Wang, Haiting Feng, Jie Wang, Fang Wang, Yan Zhang, Hongchao Chen, Qing Yang, Yan Jiang, Tingting Qu
We report the clonal spread and evolution of high-risk Pseudomonas aeruginosa sequence type 463 co-producing KPC-2 and AFM-1 carbapenemases isolated from hospital patients in China during 2020–2022. Those strains pose a substantial public health threat and surveillance and stricter infection-control measures are essential to prevent further infections.
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Ancestral Origin and Dissemination Dynamics of Reemerging Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, Haiti Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Carla N. Mavian, Massimiliano S. Tagliamonte, Meer T. Alam, S. Nazmus Sakib, Melanie N. Cash, Monika Moir, Juan Perez Jimenez, Alberto Riva, Eric J. Nelson, Emilie T. Cato, Jayakrishnan Ajayakumar, Rigan Louis, Andrew Curtis, V. Madsen Beau De Rochars, Vanessa Rouzier, Jean William Pape, Tulio de Oliveira, J. Glenn Morris, Marco Salemi, Afsar Ali
The 2010 cholera epidemic in Haiti was thought to have ended in 2019, and the Prime Minister of Haiti declared the country cholera-free in February 2022. On September 25, 2022, cholera cases were again identified in Port-au-Prince. We compared genomic data from 42 clinical Vibrio cholerae strains from 2022 with data from 327 other strains from Haiti and 1,824 strains collected worldwide. The 2022 isolates
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Dolutegravir dosing with rifampicin Lancet HIV (IF 16.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Dario Cattaneo, Cristina Gervasoni
Abstract not available
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Checklist for studies of HIV drug resistance prevalence or incidence: rationale and recommended use Lancet HIV (IF 16.1) Pub Date : 2023-09-13 Lawrence Mbuagbaw, Cristian Garcia, Bluma Brenner, Diego Cecchini, Mohamed Chakroun, Pascal Djiadeu, Africa Holguin, Orna Mor, Neil Parkin, Maria M Santoro, Santiago Ávila-Ríos, Joseph Fokam, Andrew Phillips, Robert W Shafer, Michael R Jordan
HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) is a major challenge to the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy. Global efforts in addressing HIVDR require clear, transparent, and replicable reporting in HIVDR studies. We describe the rationale and recommended use of a checklist that should be included in reports of HIVDR incidence and prevalence. After preliminary consultations with experts on HIVDR and establishing
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Rifampin Based Therapy for Patients with Staphylococcus aureus Native Vertebral Osteomyelitis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-16 Said El Zein, Elie F Berbari, Matteo Passerini, Francesco Petri, Julian Maamari, M Hassan Murad, Parham Sendi, Aaron J Tande
Background Native vertebral osteomyelitis (NVO) caused by Staphylococcus aureus is associated with high risk of treatment failure and increased morbidity. The role of rifampin-based therapy for the treatment of this condition is controversial. The goal of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to explore the efficacy and safety of rifampin-based therapy for the treatment of S. aureus NVO. Methods
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Detection of African Swine Fever Virus from Wild Boar, Singapore, 2023 Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Eileen Y. Koh, Adrian K.S. Tan, Darren Yeo, Clara Lau, Li Ying Tan, Oi Wing Ng, Jasmine Ong, Stacy Chong, Steffie Toh, Jing Chen, Wai Kwan Wong, Brian Z.Y. Tan, Christine He-Lee, Zhan Pei Heng, Ian Liang, Charlene Judith Fernandez, Siow Foong Chang, Kenneth B.H. Er
We detected African swine fever virus (ASFV) from a wild boar in Singapore. In <72 hours, we confirmed and reported ASFV p72 genotype II, CD2v serogroup 8, and IGR-II variant by using a combination of real-time PCR and whole-genome sequencing. Continued biosurveillance will be needed to monitor ASFV in Singapore.
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New SARS-CoV-2 Omicron Variant with Spike Protein Mutation Y451H, Kilifi, Kenya, March–May 2023 Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-14 Mike J. Mwanga, Arnold W. Lambisia, John Mwita Morobe, Nickson Murunga, Edidah Moraa, Leonard Ndwiga, Robinson Cheruiyot, Jennifer Musyoki, Martin Mutunga, Laura M. Guzman-Rincon, Charles Sande, Joseph Mwangangi, Philip Bejon, Lynette Isabella Ochola-Oyier, D. James Nokes, Charles N. Agoti, Joyce Nyiro, George Githinji
We report a newly emerged SARS-CoV-2 Omicron subvariant FY.4 that has mutations Y451H in spike and P42L in open reading frame 3a proteins. FY.4 emergence coincided with increased SARS-CoV-2 cases in coastal Kenya during April–May 2023. Continued SARS-CoV-2 genomic surveillance is needed to identify new lineages to inform COVID-19 outbreak prevention.
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Serotype Distribution and Disease Severity in Adults Hospitalized with Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection, Bristol and Bath, UK, 2006‒2022 Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Catherine Hyams, Robert Challen, David Hettle, Zahin Amin-Chowdhury, Charli Grimes, Gabriella Ruffino, Rauri Conway, Robyn Heath, Paul North, Adam Malin, Nick A. Maskell, Philip Williams, O. Martin Williams, Shamez N. Ladhani, Leon Danon, Adam Finn
Ongoing surveillance after pneumococcal conjugate vaccination (PCV) deployment is essential to inform policy decisions and monitor serotype replacement. We report serotype and disease severity trends in 3,719 adults hospitalized for pneumococcal disease in Bristol and Bath, United Kingdom, during 2006–2022. Of those cases, 1,686 were invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD); 1,501 (89.0%) had a known serotype
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Antibody neutralisation of emerging SARS-CoV-2 subvariants: EG.5.1 and XBC.1.6 Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-11 Qian Wang, Yicheng Guo, Richard M Zhang, Jerren Ho, Hiroshi Mohri, Riccardo Valdez, David M Manthei, Aubree Gordon, Lihong Liu, David D Ho
Abstract not available