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Mycoplasma pneumoniae at the rise not only in China: Rapid increase of Mycoplasma pneumoniae cases also in Spain. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Ana Dacosta Urbieta, Gema Barbeito Castiñeiras, Irene Rivero Calle, Jacobo Pardo Seco, Carmen Rodríguez Tenreiro, Ricardo Suárez Camacho, María Luisa Pérez del Molino Bernal, Federico Martinón Torres
Published in Emerging Microbes & Infections (Just accepted, 2024)
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Mpox virus Clade IIb infected Cynomolgus macaques via mimic natural infection routes closely resembled human mpox infection Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Qingni Li, Yunfeng Chen, Wenjing Zhang, Chunyang Li, Ding Tang, Wanlu Hua, Fan Hou, Zhuo Chen, Yuanlang Liu, Yi Tian, Kaili Sun, Xiuli Xu, Yan Zenga, Fei Xia, Jia Lu, Zejun Wang
Generating an infectious non-human primate (NHP) model using a prevalent monkeypox virus (MPXV) strain has emerged as a crucial strategy for assessing the efficacy of vaccines and antiviral drugs a...
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Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus of clade 2.3.4.4b isolated from a human case in Chile causes fatal disease and transmits between co-housed ferrets. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-17 Joanna A. Pulit-Penaloza, Nicole Brock, Jessica A. Belser, Xiangjie Sun, Claudia Pappas, Troy J. Kieran, Poulami Basu Thakur, Hui Zeng, Dan Cui, Julia Frederick, Rodrigo Fasce, Terrence M. Tumpey, Taronna R Maines
Clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses have caused large outbreaks within avian populations on five continents, with concurrent spillover into a variety of mammalian speci...
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Differential susceptibility of geographically distinct Ixodes ricinus populations to tick-borne encephalitis virus and louping ill virus Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Julian W. Bakker, Helen J. Esser, Hein Sprong, Gert-Jan Godeke, Tabitha E. Hoornweg, Willem F. de Boer, Gorben P. Pijlman, Constantianus J. M. Koenraadt
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) is an emerging pathogen in the Netherlands. Multiple divergent viral strains are circulating and the focal distribution of TBEV remains poorly understood. This ...
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Testing for SARS-CoV-2: lessons learned and current use cases Clin. Microbiol. Rev. (IF 36.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-15 Elitza S. TheelJames E. KirbyNira R. Pollock1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA2Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA3Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA4Department of Laboratory Medicine, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA, Ferric C. Fang
Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Ahead of Print.
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The structure of inactivated mature tick-borne encephalitis virus at 3.0 Å resolution Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Evgeny B. Pichkur, Mikhail F. Vorovitch, Alla L. Ivanova, Elena V. Protopopova, Valery B. Loktev, Dmitry I. Osolodkin, Aydar A. Ishmukhametov, Valeriya R. Samygina
Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes a severe disease, tick-borne encephalitis (TBE), that has a substantial epidemiological importance for Northern Eurasia. Between 10,000 and 15,000 TBE ca...
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Autochthonous Ascariasis, Mississippi, USA Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Charlotte V. Hobbs, James Matthew Rhinewalt, Irene Arguello, Lacy Malloch, Lora Martin, William M. Poston, Paul Byers, Richard S. Bradbury
We describe a case of a 2-year-old child who expelled a single adult female Ascaris lumbricoides worm. The patient is from a rural county in Mississippi, USA, with reported no travel outside of the United States. The caregivers in the home practice good sanitation. Exposure to domestic pigs is the likely source of infection.
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Successful Treatment of Confirmed Naegleria fowleri Primary Amebic Meningoencephalitis Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Ahmed Mujadid Khan Burqi, Luqman Satti, Saira Mahboob, Syed Onaiz Zulfiqar Anwar, Mahwash Bizanjo, Muhammad Rafique, Najia Karim Ghanchi
Primary amebic meningoencephalitis caused by Naegleria fowleri is a rare but nearly always fatal parasitic infection of the brain. Globally, few survivors have been reported, and the disease has no specific treatment. We report a confirmed case in Pakistan in a 22-year-old man who survived after aggressive therapy.
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Acanthamoeba Infection and Nasal Rinsing, United States, 1994–2022 Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Julia C. Haston, Chelsea Serra, Erin Imada, Emalee Martin, Ibne Karim M. Ali, Jennifer R. Cope
We describe 10 patients with nonkeratitis Acanthamoeba infection who reported performing nasal rinsing before becoming ill. All were immunocompromised, 7 had chronic sinusitis, and many used tap water for nasal rinsing. Immunocompromised persons should be educated about safe nasal rinsing to prevent free-living ameba infections.
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Effect of Exercise Training on Prognosis in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: A Randomised Controlled Trial Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Camilla Koch Ryrsø, Daniel Faurholt-Jepsen, Christian Ritz, Maria Hein Hegelund, Arnold Matovu Dungu, Bente Klarlund Pedersen, Rikke Krogh-Madsen, Birgitte Lindegaard
Objective To investigate the effect of standard care (SoC) combined with supervised in-bed cycling (Bed-Cycle) or booklet exercises (Book-Exe) versus SoC in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Methods In this randomised controlled trial, 186 patients with CAP were assigned to SoC (n = 62), Bed-Cycle (n = 61), or Book-Exe (n = 63). Primary outcome length of stay (LOS) was analysed with analysis of covariance
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Characterizing Patients Presenting on Hospital Admission with Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections: A Multicenter Study Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-14 Opeyemi Oladapo-Shittu, Sara E Cosgrove, Clare Rock, Yea-Jen Hsu, Eili Klein, Anthony D Harris, Carlos Mejia Chew, Heather Saunders, Patrick R Ching, Avi Gadala, Stephanie Mayoryk, Lisa Pineles, Lisa Maragakis, Alejandra Salinas, Taylor Helsel, Sara C Keller
Background There are no systematic measures of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) in patients maintaining central venous catheters (CVCs) outside acute care hospitals. To improve understanding of the burden of CLABSIs outside acute care hospitals, we characterized patients with CLABSI present on hospital admission (POA). Methods Retrospective cross-sectional analysis of patients
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Prioritizing Mental Health within HIV and Tuberculosis Services in PEPFAR Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Rena Fukunaga, Paul Pierre, John K. Williams, Rebeca Briceno-Robaugh, Sam Kalibala, Meaghan Peterson, Patrick K. Moonan
Underprioritization of mental health is a global problem and threatens the decades-long progress of the US President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) program. In recent years, mental health has become globally recognized as a part of universal healthcare, making this an opportune moment for the global community to integrate mental health services into routine programming. PEPFAR is well positioned
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Breaking Through: My Life in Science Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Sara C. Keller
Breaking Through: My Life in Science
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Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, and Ukraine, 2017–2022 Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Victor Naestholt Dahl, Tetiana Butova, Alex Rosenthal, Alina Grinev, Andrei Gabrielian, Sergo Vashakidze, Natalia Shubladze, Bekzat Toxanbayeva, Lyailya Chingissova, Valeriu Crudu, Dumitru Chesov, Gulmira Kalmambetova, Gulbarchyn Saparova, Christian Morberg Wejse, Dmytro Butov
In 2021, the World Health Organization recommended new extensively drug-resistant (XDR) and pre-XDR tuberculosis (TB) definitions. In a recent cohort of TB patients in Eastern Europe, we show that XDR TB as currently defined is associated with exceptionally poor treatment outcomes, considerably worse than for the former definition (31% vs. 54% treatment success).
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Ocular Dirofilariasis in Migrant from Sri Lanka, Australia Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Elliott D. Cope, Nishant Gupta, Anson V. Koehler, Robin B. Gasser, Amy Crowe
We describe a case of imported ocular dirofilariasis in Australia, linked to the Hong Kong genotype of Dirofilaria sp., in a migrant from Sri Lanka. Surgical extraction and mitochondrial sequences analyses confirmed this filarioid nematode as the causative agent and a Dirofilaria sp. not previously reported in Australia.
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Infectious Diseases Society of America Guidelines on the Diagnosis of COVID-19: Serologic Testing Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Mary K Hayden, Ibrahim K El Mikati, Kimberly E Hanson, Janet A Englund, Romney M Humphries, Francesca Lee, Mark Loeb, Daniel J Morgan, Robin Patel, Omar Al Ta’ani, Jamil Nazzal, Shahad Iqneibi, Justin Z Amarin, Shahnaz Sultan, Yngve Falck-Ytter, Rebecca L Morgan, M Hassan Murad, Adarsh Bhimraj, Reem A Mustafa
Background The role of serologic testing for SARS-CoV-2 has evolved during the pandemic as seroprevalence in global populations has increased. The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) convened an expert panel to perform a systematic review of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) serology literature and construct updated best practice guidance related to SARS-CoV-2 serologic testing. This
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Association Between Social Vulnerability and Streptococcus pneumoniae Antimicrobial Resistance in US Adults Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Salini Mohanty, Gang Ye, Charles Sheets, Nicole Cossrow, Kalvin C Yu, Meghan White, Kenneth P Klinker, Vikas Gupta
Background Growing evidence indicates antimicrobial resistance disproportionately affects individuals living in socially vulnerable areas. This study evaluated the association between Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the CDC/ATSDR Social Vulnerability Index (SVI) in the United States. Methods Adult patients ≥ 18 years with 30-day nonduplicate SP isolates from ambulatory/hospital
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Immunogenicity and Safety of a Purified Vero Rabies Vaccine – Serum Free, Compared With Two Licensed Vaccines, in a Simulated Rabies Post-Exposure Regimen in Healthy Adults in France: A Randomized Controlled Phase III Trial Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Andrea-Clemencia Pineda-Peña, Qian Jiang, Celine Petit, Joanna Korejwo-Peyramond, Yves Donazzolo, Mathilde Latreille, Marie-Claude Homery, Valerie Babin, Sonia Benamor, Sylvie Pichon, Françoise Guinet-Morlot, Ada-Maria Minutello
Background A next-generation Vero cell rabies vaccine (PVRV-NG2) was developed using the same Pitman–Moore strain as in the licensed purified Vero cell vaccine (PVRV; Verorab®) and the human diploid cell vaccine (HDCV; Imovax Rabies®). Methods This dual-center, modified double-blind, phase III study in France evaluated immunogenic non-inferiority and safety of PVRV-NG2 with and without concomitant
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Mpox-specific immune responses elicited by vaccination or infection in people living with HIV J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Eva Grüner, Marica Grossegesse, Daniel Stern, Veronica Ober, Tabea M Eser, Gabriele Reiling, Renate Stirner, Gerardo Ibarra, Nils Postel, Raffaele Conca, Christopher Dächert, Alba Grifoni, Alessandro Sette, Johannes Bogner, Ulrich Seybold, Julia Roider
In the recent mpox outbreak, people living with HIV (PLWH) were at high risk both for contracting infection and for suffering a more severe disease course. We studied cellular and humoral immune responses elicited by mpox infection (n = 5; n = 3 PLWH) or smallpox vaccination (n = 17; all PLWH) in a cohort of men who have sex with men. All PLWH were successfully treated, with stable CD4 counts and undetectable
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Safety and Immunogenicity of a Messenger RNA-Based Cytomegalovirus Vaccine in Healthy Adults: Results From a Phase 1, Randomized, Clinical Trial J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Carlos Fierro, Daniel Brune, Marian Shaw, Howard Schwartz, Conor Knightly, Jiang Lin, Andrea Carfi, Andrew Natenshon, Shiva Kalidindi, Caroline Reuter, Jacqueline Miller, Lori Panther
Background This phase 1 trial evaluated the safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity of mRNA-1647, an mRNA-based cytomegalovirus (CMV) vaccine, in CMV-seronegative and -seropositive adults. Methods Participants were randomly assigned to receive 30, 90, 180, or 300 µg of mRNA-1647 or placebo on a 0-, 2-, and 6-month schedule and followed for 12 months after the last dose. Results A total of 154 (80
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CD40 Expression by B cells is Required for Optimal Immunity to Murine Pneumocystis Infection J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Monica Sassi, Shelly J Curran, Lisa R Bishop, Yueqin Liu, Joseph A Kovacs
CD40-CD40L interactions are critical for controlling Pneumocystis infection. However, which CD40-expressing cell populations are important for this interaction have not been well-defined. We used a cohousing mouse model of Pneumocystis infection, combined with flow cytometry and qPCR, to examine the ability of different populations of cells from C57BL/6 mice to reconstitute immunity in CD40 knockout
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Systematic review of household transmission of Strep A: A potential site for prevention that has eluded attention J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-13 Stephanie L Enkel, Samuel Barnes, Jessica Daw, Emma Pearson, Hannah M M Thomas, Nina Lansbury, Rosemary Wyber, Andrew M Redmond, Anna P Ralph, Jonathan R Carapetis, Asha C Bowen
Background Despite being the sixth most common infectious disease globally, transmission of Streptococcus pyogenes (Strep A) within the household remains an understudied driver of infection. We undertook a systematic review to better understand the transmission of Strep A between people within the home while highlighting opportunities for prevention. Methods A search strategy was applied to five databases
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Structural diversity of tick-borne encephalitis virus particles in the inactivated vaccine based on strain Sofjin Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Andrey Moiseenko, Yichen Zhang, Mikhail F. Vorovitch, Alla L. Ivanova, Zheng Liu, Dmitry I. Osolodkin, Alexey M. Egorov, Aydar A. Ishmukhametov, Olga S. Sokolova
The main approach to preventing tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is vaccination. Formaldehyde-inactivated TBE vaccines have a proven record of safety and efficiency but have never been characterized s...
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Comparison of morbidity and mortality after bloodstream infection with vancomycin-resistant versus -susceptible Enterococcus faecium: a nationwide cohort study in Denmark, 2010–2019 Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Peter Bager, Jonas Kähler, Mikael Andersson, Barbara Juliane Holzknecht, Sanne Grønvall Kjær Hansen, Kristian Schønning, Karen Leth Nielsen, Kristoffer Koch, Mette Pinholt, Marianne Voldstedlund, Anders Rhod Larsen, Brian Kristensen, Kåre Mølbak, Ute Wolff Sönksen, Sissel Skovgaard, Robert Skov, Anette M. Hammerum
The emergence of bloodstream infections (BSI) caused by vancomycin-resistant Enterococci (VRE) has caused concern. Nonetheless, it remains unclear whether these types are associated with an excess ...
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Tracing histoplasmosis genomic epidemiology and species occurrence across the USA Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Bernardo Guerra Tenório, Daniel R. Kollath, Lalitha Gade, Anastasia P. Litvintseva, Tom Chiller, Jeff S. Jenness, Jason E. Stajich, Daniel R. Matute, Andrew S. Hanzlicek, Bridget M. Barker, Marcus de Melo Teixeira
Histoplasmosis is an endemic mycosis in North America frequently reported along the Ohio and Mississippi River Valleys, although autochthonous cases occur in non-endemic areas. In the United States...
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Genomic epidemiology and ceftazidime-avibactam high-level resistance mechanisms of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in China from 2010 to 2022 Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Xi Li, Longjie Zhou, Tailong Lei, Xiaofan Zhang, Jiayao Yao, Jintao He, Haiyang Liu, Heng Cai, Jingshu Ji, Yiwei Zhu, Yuexing Tu, Yunsong Yu, Hua Zhou
Ceftazidime-avibactam (CZA) resistance is a huge threat in the clinic; however, the underlying mechanism responsible for high-level CZA resistance in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) isolates remains un...
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Surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater by quantitative PCR and digital PCR: a case study in Shijiazhuang city, Hebei province, China Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Xiaoru Chai, Shiyou Liu, Chao Liu, Jiaxuan Bai, Juntao Meng, Hong Tian, Xu Han, Guangyue Han, Xiangdong Xu, Qi Li
In this study, we reported the first long-term monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in Mainland China from November 2021 to October 2023. The city of Shijiazhuang was employed for this case study...
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Case of Human Orthohantavirus Infection, Michigan, USA, 2021 Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Samuel M. Goodfellow, Robert A. Nofchissey, Dustin Arsnoe, Chunyan Ye, Seonghyeon Lee, Jieun Park, Won-Keun Kim, Kartik Chandran, Shannon L.M. Whitmer, John D. Klena, Jonathan W. Dyal, Trevor Shoemaker, Diana Riner, Mary Grace Stobierski, Kimberly Signs, Steven B. Bradfute
Orthohantaviruses cause hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome; most cases occur in the southwest region of the United States. We discuss a clinical case of orthohantavirus infection in a 65-year-old woman in Michigan and the phylogeographic link of partial viral fragments from the patient and rodents captured near the presumed site of infection.
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Ten Years of High-Consequence Pathogens—Research Gains, Readiness Gaps, and Future Goals Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Jennifer H. McQuiston, Joel M. Montgomery, Christina L. Hutson
Ten Years of High-Consequence Pathogens
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Phylogenetic Characterization of Orthohantavirus dobravaense (Dobrava Virus) Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Mert Erdin, Ceylan Polat, Teemu Smura, Sercan Irmak, Ortac Cetintas, Muhsin Cogal, Faruk Colak, Ahmet Karatas, Mustafa Sozen, Ferhat Matur, Olli Vapalahti, Tarja Sironen, Ibrahim Mehmet Ali Oktem
We report complete coding sequences of Orthohantavirus dobravaense (Dobrava virus) Igneada strains and phylogenetic characterization of all available complete coding sequences. Our analyses suggested separation of host-dependent lineages, followed by geographic clustering. Surveillance of orthohantaviruses using complete genomes would be useful for assessing public health threats from Dobrava virus
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Divergent Pathogenesis and Transmission of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) in Swine Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Bailey Arruda, Amy L. Vincent Baker, Alexandra Buckley, Tavis K. Anderson, Mia Torchetti, Nichole Hines Bergeson, Mary Lea Killian, Kristina Lantz
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses have potential to cross species barriers and cause pandemics. Since 2022, HPAI A(H5N1) belonging to the goose/Guangdong 2.3.4.4b hemagglutinin phylogenetic clade have infected poultry, wild birds, and mammals across North America. Continued circulation in birds and infection of multiple mammalian species with strains possessing adaptation mutations increase
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Emergence of Poultry-Associated Human Salmonella enterica Serovar Abortusovis Infections, New South Wales, Australia Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Michael Payne, Sarah Williamson, Qinning Wang, Xiaomei Zhang, Vitali Sintchenko, Anthony Pavic, Ruiting Lan
Salmonella enterica serovar Abortusovis is a host-adapted pathogen that causes spontaneous abortion. Salmonella Abortusovis was reported in poultry in 2009 and has since been reported in human infections in New South Wales, Australia. Phylogenomic analysis revealed a clade of 51 closely related isolates from Australia originating in 2004. That clade was genetically distinct from ovine-associated isolates
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A One Health Perspective on Salmonella enterica Serovar Infantis, an Emerging Human Multidrug-Resistant Pathogen Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Jennifer Mattock, Marie Anne Chattaway, Hassan Hartman, Timothy J. Dallman, Anthony M. Smith, Karen Keddy, Liljana Petrovska, Emma J. Manners, Sanelisiwe T. Duze, Shannon Smouse, Nomsa Tau, Ruth Timme, Dave J. Baker, Alison E. Mather, John Wain, Gemma C. Langridge
Salmonella enterica serovar Infantis presents an ever-increasing threat to public health because of its spread throughout many countries and association with high levels of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). We analyzed whole-genome sequences of 5,284 Salmonella Infantis strains from 74 countries, isolated during 1989-2020 from a wide variety of human, animal, and food sources, to compare genetic phylogeny
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Geographic Disparities in Domestic Pig Population Exposure to Ebola Viruses, Guinea, 2017–2019 Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Solène Grayo, Alimou Camara, Bakary Doukouré, Isabelle Ellis, Cécile Troupin, Kerstin Fischer, Jessica Vanhomwegen, Michael White, Martin H. Groschup, Sandra Diederich, Noël Tordo
Although pigs are naturally susceptible to Reston virus and experimentally to Ebola virus (EBOV), their role in Orthoebolavirus ecology remains unknown. We tested 888 serum samples collected from pigs in Guinea during 2017–2019 (between the 2013–16 epidemic and its resurgence in 2021) by indirect ELISA against the EBOV nucleoprotein. We identified 2 hotspots of possible pig exposure by IgG titer levels:
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The hidden threat of subclinical tuberculosis Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Xiaolin Wei, Wenhong Zhang
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Prevalence of subclinical pulmonary tuberculosis in adults in community settings: an individual participant data meta-analysis Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Logan Stuck PhD, Eveline Klinkenberg PhD, Nahid Abdelgadir Ali MD, Egbal Ahmed Basheir Abukaraig MD, Yaw Adusi-Poku MD, Zeleke Alebachew Wagaw MD, Razia Fatima MD, Nathan Kapata PhD, Pascalina Kapata-Chanda PhD, Bruce Kirenga PhD, Llang B Maama-Maime MD, Prof Sayoki G Mfinanga PhD, Sizulu Moyo PhD, Lindiwe Mvusi MD, Ndahafa Nandjebo RN, Hai Viet Nguyen PhD, Hoa Binh Nguyen PhD, Joshua Obasanya MD,
Subclinical pulmonary tuberculosis, which presents without recognisable symptoms, is frequently detected in community screening. However, the disease category is poorly clinically defined. We explored the prevalence of subclinical pulmonary tuberculosis according to different case definitions. We did a one-stage individual participant data meta-analysis of nationally representative surveys that were
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Patient and immunological factors associated with delayed clearance of mucosal SARS-CoV-2 RNA and symptom persistence J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Mars Stone, Bryan R Spencer, Donald E Warden, Rebecca V Fink, Paula Saa, Jennifer Leddy, Jackie Mulach-Vannoy, Rebecca Townsend, David Krysztof, Alexandria N Hughes, Clara Di Germanio, Debra A Kessler, Steven Kleinman, Michael P Busch, Philip J Norris
Serial blood and mucosal samples were characterized for 102 participants enrolled a median of 7.0 days post-COVID-19 diagnosis. Mucosal RNA was detectable a median 31.5 (95% CI 20.5 - 63.5) days, with persistence ≥1 month associated with obesity (BMI ≥30, OR 3.9, 95% CI 1.2 - 13.8) but not age, sex, or chronic conditions. Fifteen participants had likely reinfection; lower serum anti-S IgG levels were
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Nasal Delivery of Haemophilus haemolyticus Is Safe, Reduces Influenza Severity, and Prevents Development of Otitis Media in Mice J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Naomi Scott, Kelly M Martinovich, Caitlyn M Granland, Elke J Seppanen, M Christian Tjiam, Camilla de Gier, Edison Foo, Kirsty R Short, Keng Yih Chew, Alma Fulurija, Deborah H Strickland, Peter C Richmond, Lea-Ann S Kirkham
Background Despite vaccination, influenza and otitis media (OM) remain leading causes of illness. We previously found that the human respiratory commensal Haemophilus haemolyticus prevents bacterial infection in vitro and that the related murine commensal Muribacter muris delays OM development in mice. The observation that M muris pretreatment reduced lung influenza titer and inflammation suggests
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Prevalence of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) and HPV Type Distribution in Penile Samples in Young Men in Denmark: Results 10 Years After Implementation of a Girls-Only HPV Vaccination Program J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-12 Christian Munk, Kristian Reinholdt, Alexander K Kjaer, Caroline H Hemmingsen, Dorthe Ørnskov, Thomas Iftner, Marianne Waldstrøm, Susanne K Kjaer
Background In Denmark, a girls-only human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program was initiated in 2008–2009. The study aim was to assess the HPV prevalence and type distribution in younger men prior to HPV vaccination in men. Methods The study population was younger men who attended information days regarding military service. At random days (2019–2020), 280 men were included. We collected questionnaire
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Non-faecium non-faecalis enterococci: a review of clinical manifestations, virulence factors, and antimicrobial resistance Clin. Microbiol. Rev. (IF 36.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Christopher A. MullallyMarhami FahrianiShakeel MowlaboccusGeoffrey W. Coombs1Antimicrobial Resistance and Infectious Diseases (AMRID) Research Laboratory, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Western Australia, Australia2The Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia3PathWest Laboratory
Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Ahead of Print.
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Accelerating antibiotic access and stewardship: a new model to safeguard public health Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Jennifer Cohn MD, Prof Marc Mendelson PhD, Prof Souha S Kanj MD, Nusrat Shafiq DM, Icaro Boszczowski MD, Ramanan Laxminarayan PhD
This Personal View discusses the challenges faced, especially by low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), in responding to the growing burden of bacterial antimicrobial resistance. Many patients in LMICs lack access to effective and affordable treatments needed to successfully treat patients. Meanwhile, traditional antimicrobial stewardship models face implementation challenges due to financial
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Effectiveness of the 2023-2024 Formulation of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 mRNA Vaccine Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Nabin K Shrestha, Patrick C Burke, Amy S Nowacki, Steven M Gordon
Background The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the 2023-2024 formulation of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine protects against COVID-19. Methods Employees of Cleveland Clinic in employment when the 2023-2024 formulation of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine became available to employees, were included. Cumulative incidence of COVID-19 over the following 17 weeks was examined prospectively. Protection
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Effect of Preoperative Antibiotic Therapy on Operative Culture Yield for Diagnosis of Native Joint Septic Arthritis Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Ryan B Khodadadi, Pansachee Damronglerd, Jack W McHugh, Said El Zein, Brian D Lahr, Brandon J Yuan, Omar M Abu Saleh, Gina A Suh, Aaron J Tande
Background Native joint septic arthritis (NJSA) is definitively diagnosed by a positive Gram stain or culture, along with supportive clinical findings. Preoperative antibiotics are known to alter synovial fluid cell count, Gram stain and culture results and are typically postponed until after arthrocentesis to optimize diagnostic accuracy. However, data on the impact of preoperative antibiotics on
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18F-FDG PET/CT and radiolabeled leukocyte SPECT/CT imaging for the evaluation of cardiovascular infection in the multimodality context: ASNC Imaging Indications (ASNC I2) Series Expert Consensus Recommendations from ASNC, AATS, ACC, AHA, ASE, EANM, HRS, IDSA, SCCT, SNMMI, and STS Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Jamieson M Bourque, Ulrika Birgersdotter-Green, Paco E Bravo, Ricardo P J Budde, Wengen Chen, Vivian H Chu, Vasken Dilsizian, Paola Anna Erba, Cesia Gallegos Kattan, Gilbert Habib, Fabien Hyafil, Yiu Ming Khor, Jaimie Manlucu, Pamela Kay Mason, Edward J Miller, Marc R Moon, Matthew W Parker, Gosta Pettersson, Robert D Schaller, Riemer H J A Slart, Jordan B Strom, Bruce L Wilkoff, Adam Williams, Ann
This document on cardiovascular infection, including infective endocarditis, is the first in the American Society of Nuclear Cardiology Imaging Indications (ASNC I2) series to assess the role of radionuclide imaging in the multimodality context for the evaluation of complex systemic diseases with multi-societal involvement including pertinent disciplines. A rigorous modified Delphi approach was used
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Hybrid immunity and SARS-CoV-2 antibodies: results of the HEROES-RECOVER prospective cohort study Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 James K Romine, Huashi Li, Melissa M Coughlin, Jefferson M Jones, Amadea Britton, Harmony L Tyner, Sammantha B Fuller, Robin Bloodworth, Laura J Edwards, Jini N Etoule, Tyler C Morrill, Gabriella Newes-Adeyi, Lauren E W Olsho, Manjusha Gaglani, Ashley Fowlkes, James Hollister, Edward J Bedrick, Jennifer L Uhrlaub, Shawn Beitel, Ryan S Sprissler, Zoe Lyski, Cynthia J Porter, Patrick Rivers, Karen Lutrick
Background There are limited data on whether hybrid immunity differs by count and order of immunity-conferring events (SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccination). From a cohort of health care personnel, first responders, and other frontline workers in six US states, we examined heterogeneity of the effect of hybrid immunity on SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels. Methods Exposures included event-count (sum
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Protective Role of NS1-Specific Antibodies in the Immune Response to Dengue Virus through Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Luis A Sanchez-Vargas, Anuja Mathew, Henrik Salje, David Sousa, Nicole A Casale, Aaron Farmer, Darunee Buddhari, Kathryn Anderson, Sopon Iamsirithaworn, Surachai Kaewhiran, Heather Friberg, Jeffrey R Currier, Alan L Rothman
Background Dengue virus (DENV) non-structural protein 1 (NS1) has multiple functions within infected cells, on the cell surface, and in secreted form, and is highly immunogenic. Immunity from previous DENV infections is known to exert both positive and negative effects on subsequent DENV infections, but the contribution of NS1-specific antibodies to these effects is incompletely understood. Methods
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Impact Of Low-Frequency HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations On Antiretroviral Therapy Outcomes J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Rachel Burdorf, Shuntai Zhou, Claire Amon, Nathan Long, Collin S Hill, Lily Adams, Gerald Tegha, Maganizo B Chagomerana, Allan Jumbe, Madalitso Maliwichi, Shaphil Wallie, Yijia Li, Ronald Swanstrom, Mina C Hosseinipour
Background The association between low-frequency HIV-1 drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and treatment failure (TF) is controversial. We explore this association using NGS methods that accurately sample low-frequency DRMs. Methods We enrolled women with HIV-1 in Malawi who were either ART naïve (A), had ART failure (B), or had discontinued ART (C). At entry, A and C began an NNRTI-based regimen and
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Advancing diagnosis of current HCV infection: A key to hepatitis C elimination in the United States J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Saleem Kamili, Carolyn Wester
Over 2 million adults have hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in the United States, and new infections continue to increase. Without treatment, HCV infection can lead to advanced liver disease and death. Treatment is recommended for nearly everyone with hepatitis C, resulting in a cure in >95% of people treated and raising the possibility of hepatitis C elimination. Testing is the first step to accessing
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Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on viral respiratory infections: a systematic literature review J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-11 Ingrid T Sepúlveda-Pachón, Eileen M Dunne, Germaine Hanquet, Marc Baay, Sonia Menon, Luis Jodar, Bradford D Gessner, Christian Theilacker
Background In addition to preventing pneumococcal disease, emerging evidence indicates that pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) might indirectly reduce viral respiratory tract infections (RTI) by affecting pneumococcal-viral interactions. Methods We performed a systematic review of interventional and observational studies published during 2000-2022 on vaccine efficacy/adjusted effectiveness (VE)
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Consensus definitions in imported human schistosomiasis: a GeoSentinel and TropNet Delphi study Lancet Infect Dis (IF 56.3) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Francesca Tamarozzi PhD, Cristina Mazzi MSc, Prof Spinello Antinori MD, Marta Arsuaga PhD, Prof Sören L Becker PhD, Prof Emmanuel Bottieau PhD, Daniel Camprubi-Ferrer PhD, Prof Eric Caumes PhD, Alexandre Duvignaud MD, Prof Martin P Grobusch FRCP, Prof Stephane Jaureguiberry PhD, Sabine Jordan MD, Andreas Mueller MD, Andreas Neumayr MD, Jose A Perez-Molina PhD, Joaquin Salas-Coronas PhD, Fernando Salvador
Terminology in schistosomiasis is not harmonised, generating misunderstanding in data interpretation and clinical descriptions. This study aimed to achieve consensus on definitions of clinical aspects of schistosomiasis in migrants and returning travellers. We applied the Delphi method. Experts from institutions affiliated with GeoSentinel and TropNet, identified through clinical and scientific criteria
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Evidence with 95-95-95 that ambitious is feasible Lancet HIV (IF 16.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Mathieu Maheu-Giroux, Sharmistha Mishra
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Progress towards the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets in the Fifth Botswana AIDS Impact Survey (BAIS V 2021): a nationally representative survey Lancet HIV (IF 16.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Madisa Mine PhD, Kristen A Stafford PhD, Rebecca L Laws PhD, Reson Marima MD, Phenyo Lekone PhD, Dinah Ramaabya BNSc, Kgomotso Makhaola PhD, Hetal K Patel MS, Prichard Mapondera MSc, Floris Wray-Gordon PhD, Chinedu Agbakwuru MD, Lillian Okui MBBS, Susan Matroos BA, Eden Onyadile MSc, Julia Ngidi BSc, Prof Alash'le Abimiku PhD, Khuteletso Bagapi MPH, Bornapate Nkomo MD, Stephane M Bodika MD, Kaylee
In 2014, UNAIDS set a goal to end the AIDS epidemic by achieving targets for the percentage of people living with HIV who were aware of their status, on antiretroviral therapy (ART), and virally suppressed. In 2020, these targets were revised to 95% for each measure (known as 95-95-95), to be reached among people living with HIV by 2025. We used data from the Fifth Botswana AIDS Impact Survey (BAIS
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Characterization of Mycobacterium orygis, Mycobacterium bovis, and Mycobacterium caprae Infections in Humans in Western Canada J. Infect. Dis. (IF 6.4) Pub Date : 2024-03-08 Nicholas D Riopel, Richard Long, Courtney Heffernan, Gregory J Tyrrell, Cary Shandro, Vincent Li, Md Rashedul Islam, Michael Stobart, Meenu K Sharma, Hafid Soualhine, Ryan Cooper
Epidemiologic research on zoonotic tuberculosis historically used Mycobacterium bovis as a surrogate measure, however, increased reports of human tuberculosis caused by other animal-associated Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex members like Mycobacterium orygis necessitates their inclusion. We performed a retrospective cohort study including persons infected with any animal-lineage M. tuberculosis
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Spatio-temporal spread of Lassa virus and a new rodent host in the Mano River Union area, West Africa Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 13.2) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Umaru Bangura, Christopher Davis, Joyce Lamin, James Bangura, Barré Soropogui, Andrew J. Davison, Jenna Nichols, Matej Vucak, Mickael Dawson, Rashid Ansumana, Dianah Sondufu, Dániel Cadar, Toni Rieger, Emma Thomson, Foday Sahr, N’Faly Magassouba, Bruno Ghersi, Brian H. Bird, Elisabeth Fichet-Calvet
The spread of Lassa virus (LASV) in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone, which together are named the Mano River Union (MRU) area, was examined phylogeographically. To provide a reliable evolutionary ...
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Link between Monkeypox Virus Genomes from Museum Specimens and 1965 Zoo Outbreak Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Michelle Hämmerle, Aigerim Rymbekova, Pere Gelabert, Susanna Sawyer, Olivia Cheronet, Paolo Bernardi, Sébastien Calvignac-Spencer, Martin Kuhlwilm, Meriam Guellil, Ron Pinhasi
We using pathogen genomics to test orangutan specimens from a museum in Bonn, Germany, to identify the origin of the animals and the circumstances of their death. We found monkeypox virus genomes in the samples and determined that they represent cases from a 1965 outbreak at Rotterdam Zoo in Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Reemergence of Sylvatic Dengue Virus Serotype 2 in Kedougou, Senegal, 2020 Emerg. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-06 Idrissa Dieng, Maryam Diarra, Bacary Djilocalisse Sadio, Bocar Sow, Alioune Gaye, Amadou Diallo, Martin Faye, Marie Henriette Dior Ndione, Diawo Diallo, Safietou Sankhe, Mignane Ndiaye, Fode Danfakha, Boly Diop, Amadou Alpha Sall, Gamou Fall, Oumar Faye, Cheikh Loucoubar, Ousmane Faye, Scott C. Weaver, Mawlouth Diallo, Mamadou Aliou Barry, Moussa Moise Diagne
In 2020, a sylvatic dengue virus serotype 2 infection outbreak resulted in 59 confirmed dengue cases in Kedougou, Senegal, suggesting those strains might not require adaptation to reemerge into urban transmission cycles. Large-scale genomic surveillance and updated molecular diagnostic tools are needed to effectively prevent dengue virus infections in Senegal.
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Low-cost urine tenofovir assay to triage dolutegravir resistance testing Lancet HIV (IF 16.1) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Tyler Martinson, Jacinta Nwogu-Attah, Matthew Spinelli, Monica Gandhi
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Pharmacokinetic-Pharmacodynamic Evidence from a Phase 3 Trial to Support Flat-Dosing of Rifampicin for Tuberculosis Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 11.8) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Huy X Ngo, Ava Y Xu, Gustavo E Velásquez, Nan Zhang, Vincent K Chang, Ekaterina V Kurbatova, William C Whitworth, Erin Sizemore, Kia Bryant, Wendy Carr, Marc Weiner, Kelly E Dooley, Melissa Engle, Susan E Dorman, Payam Nahid, Susan Swindells, Richard E Chaisson, Pheona Nsubuga, Madeleine Lourens, Rodney Dawson, Radojka M Savic
Background The optimal dosing strategy for rifampicin in treating drug-susceptible tuberculosis (TB) is still highly debated. In the Phase 3 clinical trial Study 31/ACTG 5349 (NCT02410772), all participants in the control regimen arm received 600 mg rifampicin daily as a flat dose. Here, we evaluated relationships between rifampicin exposure and efficacy and safety outcomes. Methods We analyzed rifampicin