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Background Stigma is an underlying cause of health inequities, and a major barrier to HIV prevention, care, and treatment. Experiences of HIV stigma have been shown to reduce engagement in care across the HIV care continuum, from testing and diagnosis to long-term retention in care and anti-retroviral therapy adherence. In Rwanda, approximately 130,000 women are living with HIV, representing a prevalence

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Background Reproductive concerns significantly affect the mental health of people, causing more serious psychological stress than disease. The reproductive concerns faced by women with schizophrenia are issues that have been neglected in the areas of psychiatry and women's health. Objectives To explore the experience of reproductive concerns through the perspective of women with schizophrenia. Design

Background Peripherally inserted central catheters have been extensively applied in clinical practices. However, they are associated with an increased risk of thrombosis. To improve patient care, it is critical to timely identify patients at risk of developing peripherally inserted central catheter-related thrombosis. Artificial neural networks have been successfully used in many areas of clinical

Background Many studies have developed or validated prediction models to estimate the risk of delirium after cardiac surgery, but the quality of the model development and model applicability remain unknown. Objectives To systematically review and critically evaluate currently available prediction models for delirium after cardiac surgery. Data Sources PubMed, EMBASE, and MEDLINE were systematically

Background Sexual and gender minority older adults receive less social support than does the general population, leading to reliance on long-term care services. On May 24, 2019, Taiwan became the first country in Asia to legalise same-sex marriage. Sexual and gender minority older adults are becoming more visible in Taiwanese society. However, healthcare providers' behaviour and intention to offer

Background In residential long-term care, military service veterans with co-occurring posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and dementia encounter a range of physical and social stimuli that may serve as triggers of trauma-related distress that manifest as care rejection or aggression. Yet, PTSD rarely has been examined in research to understand behaviors of care rejection and aggression in veterans

Background Venous leg ulceration is caused by chronic venous insufficiency and affects millions of adults worldwide who suffer prolonged healing episodes and due to underlying pathophysiology ulcer recurrence is common after healing. Compression therapy is the current best practice for managing venous leg ulcer since it provides constant pressure, which promotes circulation in the lower limbs. Nevertheless

Background There is now a wealth of evidence showing that work is a major determinant of physical and mental health. Recent studies have suggested increased rates of depression in healthcare workers (HCWs) in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic, with direct impact on care quality and productivity. Aim To determine the rate of clinical depression in a national sample of HCWs in France during the post-Covid-19

Background The flipped classroom is an active methodology that has been implemented for many years in the training of nursing students with multiple studies published on this subject to date. Aim This study sought to answer the question: is flipped classroom effective for improving nursing education? Design A systematic review of systematic and integrative reviews focused on studies that applied flipped

Background Pressure ulcers are a complex healthcare issue. Hospital-acquired pressure ulcers are used as proxy measurements for the quality and safety of nursing care. Medical device-related pressure ulcers are mostly facility acquired, but their reporting has only recently been widely adopted. Consequently, we do not yet know what factors impact their reporting by registered nurses. Objectives To

Background Antimicrobial resistance is a global health threat. To slow resistance and preserve antibiotics, stewardship interventions are increasingly promoted and mandated. Urine cultures are the most common microbiological test in the outpatient setting. Contamination most likely occurs during urine collection from surrounding vaginal, perineal, and epidermal flora. Sample contamination can lead

Objective The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to assess the benefits and risks of spontaneous pushing and directed pushing used by labouring women without epidural analgesia during the second stage labour. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods Randomised controlled trials published in PubMed/ MEDLINE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus, EMBASE, psycINFO, the Cochrane Library

Background Cardiovascular disease has risen sharply and causes more premature deaths than cancer, while it represents a major economic burden for healthcare systems and impacts patients' quality of life negatively. Virtual reality has captured the attention of researchers in the field of cardiac rehabilitation. However, the efficacy of virtual reality among individuals undergoing cardiac rehabilitation

Objective To characterize and explain variation in the comparative effectiveness of self-care interventions on relevant outcomes of chronic illness compared with controls. Design Meta-analysis and meta-regression. Methods Data extraction was framed within the context of a previously-published scoping review of randomized trials designed to enhance self-care in type 2 diabetes mellitus, heart failure

Background National recommendations to decrease the health and safety risks of working hours are often given based on the increasing knowledge of the associations between working hour characteristics and health. However, the utilization of the recommendations, and their potential to change the actual working time patterns in healthcare sector is unclear. Objective We investigated the extent to which

Background Implicit rationing of nursing care is a socio-ecological problem where care workers, due to lack of resources, have to leave necessary nursing care activities undone. Cross-sectional studies on implicit rationing of nursing home care revealed associations with organizational and work environment characteristics. However, little is known on how implicit rationing of nursing care varies over

Background The appropriate screening inclusion criteria of low-dose computed tomography screening for lung cancer in Chinese population remains unclear and the effect of combining screening with nurse-led smoking cessation intervention is poorly understood as well. Objective We compared the benefits and costs of lung cancer screening with and without nurse-led smoking cessation intervention in different

Background Fatigue, sleep disturbance, and depression are frequent concurrent symptoms in patients with breast cancer. Exercise is a promising strategy for symptom management, but the effect of dance as an exercise modality for managing the fatigue–sleep disturbance–depression symptom cluster has not been evaluated yet. Objectives This study examined the effects of a 16-week dance program on reducing

Background and objectives Frailty has been investigated for decades with a proliferation of frailty instruments attributed to many existing conceptual models and operational criteria. The purpose of this systematic review was to understand how instruments were developed to assess frailty in community dwelling older adults. Research design and methods This review followed standard conduct, reporting

Background The phenomenon of physical restraint applied to people with dementia in home care is receiving increasing interest from nursing scholars. Although family caregivers play key roles in caring for people with dementia, little is known regarding the ways in which family caregivers make decisions with respect to physical restraint. Objectives The aim of this study was to explore Chinese family

Background Older people with multimorbidity are usually required to manage multiple medications and complex medication regimens. However, clinical guidelines for medication management almost entirely focus on a single disease. Further research is needed to assess the efficacy of medication self-management interventions for older people with multimorbidity. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the

Background For hypertensive patients, self-care is of the utmost importance in disease management and health maintenance. However, due to inadequate motivation and self-efficacy in performing self-care behaviours, satisfactory self-care is difficult to initiate and maintain. Smartphone-based interventions with support from nurses may be an alternative way to improve self-care behaviours and blood pressure

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Background The contribution of registered nurses towards safe patient care has been demonstrated in many studies. However, most of the evidence linking staffing levels to outcomes is cross-sectional with intrinsic limitations including an inability to establish that presumed cause (staffing) precedes the effect. No reviews have summarised longitudinal studies considering nurse staffing and patient

Background Given the chronic work-related stressors experienced by nursing staff in today's healthcare systems, international evidence suggests an elevated risk of developing stress-related mental symptoms. Therefore, identifying effective methods to foster resilience (i.e., maintenance or fast recovery of mental health despite stressor exposure) seems crucial. To date, little is known about the efficacy

Background Breastfeeding education plays a crucial role in improving breastfeeding outcomes and has been employed in many medical institutions across China. Objectives To describe the current situation of breastfeeding education provided by hospitals to women in China, and to identify relevant factors associated with the exclusive breastfeeding rate at hospital discharge and the early breastfeeding

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Background Older people often experience multiple care transitions. These care transitions are critical and stressful moments for both older people and their informal caregivers alike and can have a negative effect on long-term outcomes. Greater attention needs to be paid to the involvement of older people and their informal caregivers in the process of decision-making when it comes to transitional

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Background Adequate bowel preparation is an important colonoscopy quality indicator. Reinforced education is effective in improving bowel preparation quality of colonoscopy with mixed indications. However, it remains unclear whether such improvement can be consistently observed in pre- and post-irrigation during colonoscopy in screening population. Objective We aimed to study the effectiveness of nurse-led

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Background It's crucial to develop a national policy for dementia due to the growing number of persons living with the condition and the attendant impact on individuals, families, and society at large. However, there has been limited exploration of the views on long-term goals for dementia of different stakeholders involved in different aspects of service use, planning or delivery. Objective This study

Background Patient engagement is becoming increasingly relevant in cancer care. Nurses have been recognized as crucial in promoting active engagement of people with carcer. Despite the growing interest on this topic and the relevance of patient engagement interventions to improve patient' conditions, to the best of our knowledge there is no synthesis of the literature on the characteristics and impact

Objective To define the role and scope of nursing practice within the global context of the euthanasia process by reviewing international legislation and scientific literature. Background Euthanasia is a controversial ethical topic that has been widely discussed. The provision of euthanasia involves a multidisciplinary health care team, in which nurses often have secondary roles. However, nurses play

Background Cognitive and implicit biases of healthcare providers can lead to adverse events in healthcare and have been identified as a patient safety concern. Most research on the impact of these systematic errors in judgment has been focused on diagnostic decision-making, primarily by physicians. As the largest component of the workforce, nurses make numerous decisions that affect patient outcomes;

Introduction Simulation is a promising strategy in health education, with evidence of importance for learning, but the available systematic reviews are still inconclusive about the effect of the strategy on stress, anxiety, and self-confidence of nursing students, which impact the adherence to and sustainment of this strategy. Thus, better evidence is needed of the impact of simulation on these competences

Background Hospitalization can be hazardous for older people, but most hospitals in Europe are not prepared to meet the unique needs of older adult inpatients. Adaptations of the physical environment, care processes, and staff knowledge and skills in geriatric care are essential to improve the quality of care for older people. An assessment of baseline organizational approaches to older adult care

Background Interventions to support a more “age friendly” world are a key objective set out by the World Health Organization with health and wellbeing benefits being increasingly identified for both young and old. Whilst multiple studies have explored intergenerational engagement between kindergarten aged children and older adults, there is limited collective knowledge of programme design and the potential

Background Evidence emphasises a strong relationship between nursing workload and job satisfaction. This study sets out to test empirically the roles of psychological meaningfulness and perceived organisational support on the nursing workload-satisfaction relationship. Objective To investigate empirically the role and impact of psychological meaningfulness and perceived organisational support on the

Abstract not available

Background Older people in long-term care facilities face clinical uncertainty and unpredictable decline. Advance care planning enables older people to identify preferences and wishes for future treatment and care before any loss of capacity. However, it is unclear how, why and under what circumstances the implementation of advance care planning for older people can be normalised into routine practice

Background Advance care planning is a communication and decision-making process during which people express their wishes for future healthcare and treatment decisions. Advance care planning is particularly relevant to frail older adults. Recently, more advance care planning interventions have been implemented in nursing homes using randomised controlled trial approaches; however, no meta-analysis has

Background Irritable bowel syndrome is a chronic pain condition that needs life-long self-management. However, the effect of self-management among young adults with irritable bowel syndrome is limited. Objectives This study aimed to examine the effect of a nurse-led self-management program on pain, symptoms, and quality of life among young adults with irritable bowel syndrome. Design A randomized controlled

Background Good patient access to medicines at home during the last 12 months of life is critical for effective symptom control, prevention of distress and avoidance of unscheduled and urgent care. Objectives To undertake an evaluation of patient and carer access to medicines at end-of-life within the context of models of service delivery. Design Evaluative, mixed method case studies of service delivery

Background Gestational diabetes mellitus affects millions of pregnant women. Lifestyle intervention is recommended as the first-line treatment, in which exercise plays an important role. Effective and safe exercise is required to facilitate glycaemic control and improve delivery outcomes. Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of the original Gymnastics for Pregnant Women program for glycaemic

Background Cancer presents a progressively deteriorating illness that not only causes significant physical, social and economic burdens in patients but also impacts an individual's psychological well-being and quality of life. Dignity therapy is a well-accepted psychosocial intervention but the effectiveness on hope, quality of life, anxiety, and depression in cancer patients remains inconsistent.

Background Hospital staff is at high risk of developing mental health issues during the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. However, the literature lacks an overall and inclusive picture of mental health problems with comprehensive analysis among hospital staff during the COVID-19 pandemic. Objectives To ascertain the prevalence of anxiety, depression and other mental health outcomes as reported in original

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Background Psychotropic drugs are often prescribed to manage behaviour that challenges in care home residents with dementia but contravene guidelines as evidence shows their use increases the risk of strokes and death. Therefore, a review is needed that conceptualises understanding of the pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies implemented by care home staff to manage behaviour that challenges

Background Effective communication between people with advanced cancer and their family members on end-of-life issues has a profound impact on meeting needs and improving quality of life of both sides. Several studies have shown that patient–family end-of-life communication is not always adequate and optimal. Little is known about the experiences of end-of-life communication within families of people

Background Elderspeak communication is typically viewed as patronizing and infantilizing by older adults and can lead to resistive behaviors in persons living with dementia. Little is known about the presence of elderspeak communication in hospitals in the United States. Understanding this phenomenon in the hospital setting is needed in order to improve hospital dementia care. Objectives The purpose

Background The COVID-19 pandemic had its first peak in the United States between April and July of 2020, with incidence and prevalence rates of the virus the greatest in the northeastern coast of the country. At the time of study implementation, there were few studies capturing the perspectives of nurses working the frontlines of the pandemic in any setting as research output in the United States focused

Background Prevention is a priority in the absence of a cure for dementia. Physical activity and a neuroprotective diet such as the Mediterranean-Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diet are healthy lifestyle behaviors that may slow the onset of dementia. However, research on the relationship between the combination of physical activity and the MIND

Background Insufficient self-care behaviors, low self-efficacy, depression, and poor illness perceptions are obstacles to the management of people with heart failure, leading to adverse patient outcomes. Self-care interventions are strategies used to support individuals in self-care. Currently, evidence on the effects of nurse-led self-care interventions on self-care behaviors and the correlates (self-efficacy

Background Rasch analysis is widely used in the life sciences. Rasch analysis is a mathematical and probabilistic model based on the assumption that the probability of passing a single item is governed by a person's ability and the difficulty of the item. However, its use in nursing science remains unclear. Aim To (i) describe the use of Rasch analysis in nursing research and (ii) determine the quality

Background The last few years have witnessed a growing concern with the well-being of healthcare professionals internationally because of increasing recognition of its impact on patient outcomes and staff retention. The COVID-19 pandemic, which has placed additional and substantial pressure on frontline healthcare professionals, gives added urgency to the topic. While numerous, and successful, interventions