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Purpose Determine clinical-effectiveness, safety, and cost-effectiveness of subthreshold micropulse laser (SML), compared with standard laser (SL), for diabetic macular edema (DME) with central retinal thickness (CRT) <400μ. Design Pragmatic, multicenter, allocation-concealed, double-masked, randomized, non-inferiority trial. Participants Adults with <400μ center-involved DME and best-corrected visual

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Purpose To study the associations between optic nerve head (ONH) strains under intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation with retinal sensitivity in glaucoma subjects. Design Clinic based cross-sectional study. Participants 229 subjects with primary open angle glaucoma (subdivided into 115 high tension glaucoma (HTG) subjects and 114 normal tension glaucoma (NTG) subjects). Methods For one eye of each subject

Objectives This study was designed to establish risk factors for the development of Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) for daily disposable contact lens (DD) users compared to daily wear (DW) reusable lens users and for risks unique to DD users. This is important because in many major economies CL use is the principal cause of microbial keratitis (MK) of which AK accounts for ≈ 50% of cases with sight loss

Purpose To characterise the phenotype observed in a case series with macular disease and determine the cause. Design Multi-centre case series. Participants Six families (seven patients) with sporadic or multiplex macular disease with onset at 36-78 years, and one patient with age-related macular degeneration. Methods Patients underwent ophthalmic examination, exome, genome or targeted sequencing, and/or

Purpose To evaluate the clinical presentation, treatment, and outcomes in adult patients with histiocytic disorders with ocular, orbital, optic nerve, or cavernous sinus involvement. Design Observational retrospective chart review. Participants Adult patients (age ≥18 years) at Mayo Clinic from January 1, 1996, to July 1, 2021, with histiocytic disorders. Inclusion criteria were: 1) histiocytic disorder

Objective To identify factors associated with receipt of endothelial keratoplasty (EK) and penetrating keratoplasty (PK) in patients with Fuchs’ endothelial corneal dystrophy (FECD). Design Retrospective cohort study. Participants Medicare beneficiaries ≥65 years with a diagnosis of FECD between 2011-2019. Methods The 100% Medicare fee-for-service administrative claims database was queried for treatment-naive

Objective Estimate the number of OCT scans necessary to detect moderate and rapid rates of retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness worsening at different levels of accuracy using a large sample of glaucoma and glaucoma-suspect eyes. Design Descriptive and simulation study Participants 12,150 eyes from 7,392 adult patients with glaucoma or glaucoma-suspect status followed at the Wilmer Eye Institute

Topic This systematic review and meta-analysis summarises evidence relating to the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (DR) among Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians. Clinical Relevance Indigenous Australians suffer disproportionately from diabetes-related complications. Exploring ethnic variation in disease is important for equitable distribution of resources and may lead to identification of

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Purpose To report practice patterns of intravitreal injections of anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) for Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) and outcomes data with a focus on retreatments and complications. Design Multicenter, international, retrospective, consecutive series. Subjects Patients with ROP treated with anti-VEGF injections from 2007 to 2021. Methods Twenty-three sites (16 Unites

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Purpose To characterize the impact of frailty syndrome on endogenous endophthalmitis (EE) development and clinical outcomes among septicemic patients. Design Population-level retrospective cohort study Subjects Hospital inpatients aged ≥ 18 years within the National Inpatient Sample (NIS, years 2002-2014) diagnosed with bacterial septicemia Methods Septicemic patients were classified as frail or non-frail

Topic To compare bevacizumab, ranibizumab, aflibercept and laser as primary therapies for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) in terms of retreatment rate. Clinical relevance Anti-VEGF agents are increasingly used as primary treatment for ROP and may provide superior outcomes compared with laser in posterior disease. Head-to-head comparisons between different anti-VEGFs are lacking. Methods We searched

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Purpose To report 5-year treatment outcomes in the Primary Tube Versus Trabeculectomy (PTVT) Study. Design Multicenter randomized clinical trial. Participants 242 eyes of 242 patients with medically uncontrolled glaucoma and no previous incisional ocular surgery, including 125 patients in the tube group and 117 patients in the trabeculectomy group. Methods Patients were enrolled at 16 Clinical Centers

Purpose To describe postoperative complications encountered in the Primary Tube Versus Trabeculectomy (PTVT) Study during 5 years of follow-up. Design Multicenter randomized clinical trial. Participants 242 eyes of 242 patients with medically uncontrolled glaucoma and no previous incisional ocular surgery, including 125 patients in the tube group and 117 patients in the trabeculectomy group. Methods

Objective or Purpose To analyze the genetic features of melanocytomas and melanomas of the anterior uvea, and assess the value of molecular testing for diagnosis and prognostication. Design Retrospective, case control study Subjects Patients with melanocytoma (n=16) and melanoma (n=19) of the anterior uvea. Methods Targeted next-generation sequencing was performed on formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded

Objective To investigate the potential therapeutic benefits and tolerability of inhibitory transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on the remediation of visual hallucinations in Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS). Design Randomized, double-masked(blind), placebo-controlled crossover trial. Participants Sixteen individuals diagnosed with CBS secondary to visual impairment caused by eye disease experiencing

Purpose To investigate correlations between clinical and histopathologic characteristics of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM). Design Retrospective interventional case series. Participants In total, 87 eyes from 87 patients with idiopathic ERM who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with peeling of the ERM from 2019 to 2020 were included. Methods The outcomes of clinical ophthalmologic examination,

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Purpose To identify patterns of visual field (VF) loss based on unsupervised machine learning and to identify patterns that are associated with rapid progression. Design Cross-sectional and longitudinal study. Participants A total of 2231 abnormal VFs from 205 eyes of 176 OHTS participants followed over approximately 16 years. Methods VFs were assessed by an unsupervised deep archetypal analysis algorithm

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Purpose To investigate the association of the Affordable Care Act with nationwide eye-related emergency department utilization. Design Retrospective cross-sectional study. Participants All patients who presented to the emergency department with an eye-related primary diagnosis were eligible for inclusion. Methods Nationally representative data from the US Nationwide Emergency Department Sample (NEDS)

Purpose To evaluate the efficacy of time outdoors per school day over 2 years on myopia onset and shift. Design A prospective, cluster-randomized, examiner-masked, three-arm trial. Participants A total of 6295 students aged 6 to 9 years from 24 primary schools in Shanghai, China, stratified and randomized by school in a 1:1:1 ratio to control (n=2037), test I (n=2329), or test II (n=1929) group. Methods

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Objective Calculate the cost savings associated with a multiuse preoperative and preinjection eyedrop protocol. Design Economic analysis Participants Adults undergoing ophthalmic surgical procedures requiring preoperative dilation and intravitreal injections. Methods Economic modeling with scenario analysis was used to derive the value for cost-savings attributable to a protocol where perioperative

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