Cardiovascular health is important for brain aging, yet its role in the clinical manifestation of autosomal dominant or atypical forms of dementia has not been fully elucidated. We examined relationships between Life's Simple 7 (LS7) and clinical trajectories in individuals with autosomal dominant frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD).

Digital cognitive assessments, particularly those that can be done at home, present as low-burden biomarkers for participants and patients alike, but their effectiveness in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) or predicting its trajectory is still unclear. Here, we assessed what utility or added value these digital cognitive assessments provide for identifying those at high risk of cognitive decline

Speech-based testing shows promise for sensitive and scalable objective screening for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but research to date offers limited evidence of generalizability.

Neuroanatomical normative modeling captures individual variability in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here we used normative modeling to track individuals’ disease progression in people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and patients with AD.

Biological and clinical heterogeneity is a major challenge in research for developing new treatments for Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD may be defined by its amyloid beta and tau pathologies, but we recognize that mixed pathologies are common, and that diverse genetics, central nervous system (CNS) and systemic pathophysiological processes, and environmental/experiential factors contribute to AD's diverse

BACKGROUNDThe Mnemonic Similarity Task (MST) is a popular memory task designed to assess hippocampal integrity. We assessed whether analyzing MST performance using a multinomial processing tree (MPT) cognitive model could detect individuals with elevated Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarker status prior to cognitive decline.METHODWe analyzed MST data from >200 individuals (young, cognitively healthy

The Alzheimer's Association® announces the launch of its newest open-access, peer-reviewed journal, Alzheimer's & Dementia®: Behavior & Socioeconomics of Aging (A&D: BSEA), the fourth in the Alzheimer's & Dementia family of journals®. The new journal examines how economic, social, and behavioral factors impact and inform health policy, interventions, and strategies of dementia care and health outcomes

Here we highlight the Alzheimer's Association's role since its inception, as a strategic collaborator with National Institutes of Health–National Institute on Aging in the development of the modern era of the Alzheimer's Movement and in making Alzheimer's disease (AD) a national priority in the United States by developing several initiatives to advance knowledge about the cause, diagnosis, and treatment

INTRODUCTIONThe potential utility of subjective cognitive decline (SCD) as an early risk marker of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias is under consideration. We examined associations between SCD and cognitive change among middle‐aged and older Hispanic/Latino adults living in the United States.METHODSThe short‐form Everyday Cognition Scale (ECog‐12) was assessed to generate global, executive

INTRODUCTIONThe apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele carries risk for cognitive impairment, but whether the level of circulating apoE4 protein in carriers affects cognition is unclear, as is how health and lifestyle impact circulating apoE4 levels.METHODSWe assayed apoE4 protein levels in dried blood spots of 12,532 adults aged 50+. Regression analyses tested the likelihood of cognitive impairment between

BACKGROUNDFew rare variants have been identified in genetic loci from genome‐wide association studies (GWAS) of Alzheimer's disease (AD), limiting understanding of mechanisms, risk assessment, and genetic counseling.METHODSUsing genome sequencing data from 197 families in the National Institute on Aging Alzheimer's Disease Family Based Study and 214 Caribbean Hispanic families, we searched for rare

INTRODUCTIONLoneliness has a rising public health impact, but research involving neuropathology and representative cohorts has been limited.METHODSInverse odds of selection weights were generalized from the autopsy sample of Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center cohorts (N = 680; 89 ± 9 years old; 25% dementia) to the US‐representative Health and Retirement Study (N = 8469; 76 ± 7 years old; 5% dementia)

BACKGROUNDThe number of people with dementia is increasing in Japan, and establishing evidence for preventing dementia is necessary.METHODSThis study was a randomized controlled trial in cognitively normal community‐dwelling older adults aged 65 to 85 with diabetes and/or hypertension. Participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio. The intervention group underwent 90 min of group‐based weekly

INTRODUCTIONDementia often involves comorbid Alzheimer's and vascular pathology, but their combined impact warrants additional study.METHODSWe analyzed the Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial and categorized white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume into highest versus lowest/mid tertile and the amyloid beta (Aβ)42/40 ratio into lowest versus mid/highest ratio tertile. Using these binary variables

The relationship between cerebrovascular disease (CVD) and amyloid beta (Aβ) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is understudied. We hypothesized that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–based CVD biomarkers—including cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), lacunar infarction, and white matter hyperintensities (WMHs)—would correlate with Aβ positivity on positron emission tomography (Aβ-PET).

Brain network dynamics have been extensively explored in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI); however, differences in single- and multiple-domain aMCI (SD-aMCI and MD-aMCI) remain unclear.

We evaluated preliminary feasibility of a digital, culturally-informed approach to recruit and screen participants for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI4).

CD33 rs3865444 and hypertension (HTN) are related to cognitive impairment, individually. However, little is known about their combined effects on cognitive function in older adults.

INTRODUCTIONAnti‐amyloid antibody therapies such as lecanemab are increasingly being used to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). These therapies are associated with a high rate of amyloid‐related imaging abnormalities (ARIA).METHODSWe review the case history of a patient who developed ARIA associated with lecanemab treatment.RESULTSIn addition to microhemorrhages and cerebral edema that are recognized

INTRODUCTIONMulti‐omics studies in Alzheimer's disease (AD) revealed many potential disease pathways and therapeutic targets. Despite their promise of precision medicine, these studies lacked Black Americans (BA) and Latin Americans (LA), who are disproportionately affected by AD.METHODSTo bridge this gap, Accelerating Medicines Partnership in Alzheimer's Disease (AMP‐AD) expanded brain multi‐omics

The established link between DNA methylation and pathophysiology of dementia, along with its potential role as a molecular mediator of lifestyle and environmental influences, positions blood-derived DNA methylation as a promising tool for early dementia risk detection.

INTRODUCTIONCellular prion protein (PrPC) was implicated in amyloid beta (Aβ)‐induced toxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but the precise molecular mechanisms involved in this process are unclear.METHODSDouble transgenic mice were generated by crossing Prnp knockout (KO) with 5xFAD mice, and light‐sheet microscopy was used for whole brain tissue analyses. PrPC‐overexpressing cells were developed

INTRODUCTIONAlzheimer's disease (AD) disproportionately affects minoritized populations who remain underrepresented in AD trials.METHODSWe partnered with local nursing community‐based organizations to implement a culturally tailored educational intervention and recruit Hispanic/Latino American, Filipino American, and Korean American adults aged 55 to 80 for the AHEAD study, a preclinical AD trial,

INTRODUCTIONBlood‐derived microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential candidates for detecting and preventing subclinical cognitive dysfunction. However, replication of previous findings and identification of novel miRNAs associated with cognitive domains, including their relation to brain structure and the pathways they regulate, are still lacking.METHODSWe examined blood‐derived miRNAs and miRNA co‐expression

Many coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) positive individuals exhibit abnormal electroencephalographic (EEG) activity reflecting “brain fog” and mild cognitive impairments even months after the acute phase of infection. Resting‐state EEG abnormalities include EEG slowing (reduced alpha rhythm; increased slow waves) and epileptiform activity. An expert panel conducted a systematic review to present

INTRODUCTIONNormal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) patients undergoing cortical shunting frequently show early Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology on cortical biopsy, which is predictive of progression to clinical AD. The objective of this study was to use samples from this cohort to identify cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers for AD‐related central nervous system (CNS) pathophysiologic changes using

INTRODUCTIONThe role of information processing speed (IPS) on relationships between episodic memory (EM) and central remodeling features in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) was investigated.METHODSNeuropsychological evaluations and multimodal magnetic resonance imaging were performed on 48 patients diagnosed with aMCI and 50 healthy controls (HC). Moderation models explored the moderating

INTRODUCTIONWe investigated blood DNA methylation patterns associated with 15 well‐established cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathophysiology, neuroinflammation, and neurodegeneration.METHODSWe assessed DNA methylation in 885 blood samples from the European Medical Information Framework for Alzheimer's Disease (EMIF‐AD) study using the EPIC array.RESULTSWe identified

INTRODUCTIONTypical Alzheimer's disease (AD) and limbic‐predominant age‐related TAR DNA‐binding protein 43 (TDP‐43) encephalopathy (LATE) are two neurodegenerative diseases that present with a similar initial amnestic clinical phenotype but are associated with distinct proteinopathies.METHODSWe investigated white matter (WM) fiber bundle alterations, using fixel‐based analysis, a state‐of‐the‐art diffusion

We recently read Association between Alzheimer's disease and risk of cancer: A retrospective cohort study in Shanghai, China, and the results suggested that Alzheimer's disease (AD) significantly increases the risk of lymphoma.1 However, several previous studies have consistently shown an inverse correlation between AD and cancer.2-4 Currently, the association between AD and hematological diseases

INTRODUCTIONBest practices for conducting advance care planning (ACP) among persons with cognitive impairment exist, but evidence‐based models are lacking for the primary care setting.METHODSWe tested a remote multicomponent ACP model (SHARE) versus minimally enhanced usual care in 273 person–family dyads from eight primary care practices.RESULTSMean patient age was 88.0 years, 85 (31.1%) were Black/Latino;

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The in vivo detection of mixed Alzheimer's disease (AD) and α-synuclein (αSyn) pathology is important for clinical management and prognostic stratification. We investigated the contribution of αSyn pathology, detected by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) seed amplification assay (αSyn SAA), on [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG PET) pattern in subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment

INTRODUCTIONWe aimed to assess the impact of cholinesterase inhibitors (ChEIs) and memantine on cognition, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and mortality in dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB).METHODSA total of 1,095 incident DLB patients from the Swedish Registry on cognitive/dementia disorders were included. Using an inverse probability of treatment weighting, the effect of initiating ChEI

INTRODUCTIONThe paramagnetic iron, diamagnetic amyloid beta (Aβ) plaques and their interaction are crucial in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis, complicating non‐invasive magnetic resonance imaging for prodromal AD detection.METHODSWe used a state‐of‐the‐art sub‐voxel quantitative susceptibility mapping method to simultaneously measure Aβ and iron levels in post mortem human brains, validated by

INTRODUCTIONWe used clinical assessment records to provide pan‐Canadian estimates of the prevalence and risks associated with recent (within the last 3 days) critical wandering among home care clients, with and without dementia.METHODSThe data source is interRAI Home Care (interRAI HC) assessments. The population was all long‐stay home care clients assessed between 2004 and 2021 in seven Canadian provinces

Neurogenesis persists throughout adulthood in the hippocampus and contributes to specific cognitive functions. In Alzheimer's disease (AD), the hippocampus is affected by pathology and functional impairment early in the disease. Human AD patients have reduced adult hippocampal neurogenesis (AHN) levels compared to age‐matched healthy controls. Similarly, rodent AD models show a decrease in AHN before

INTRODUCTIONReduced brain energy metabolism, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) dysregulation, and extracellular amyloid beta (Aβ) oligomer (xcAβO) buildup are some well‐known Alzheimer's disease (AD) features; how they promote neurodegeneration is poorly understood. We previously reported that xcAβOs inhibit nutrient‐induced mitochondrial activity (NiMA) in cultured neurons. We now report NiMA disruption

INTRODUCTIONWe examined the associations of polygenic risk score (PRS) with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and plasma biomarkers in the Chinese population.METHODSThis population‐based study used baseline data from MIND‐China (2018; n = 4873) and follow‐up data from dementia‐free individuals (2014–2018; n = 2117). We measured AD‐related plasma biomarkers in a subsample (n = 1256). Data were analyzed using

INTRODUCTIONCT1812 is in clinical development for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) exploratory proteomics was employed to identify pharmacodynamic biomarkers of CT1812 in mild to moderate AD from two independent clinical trials.METHODSUnbiased analysis of tandem‐mass tag mass spectrometry (TMT‐MS) quantitative proteomics, pathway analysis and correlation analyses

We want to congratulate and thank the thousands of people who have given of their time and energy to gather and formulate the necessary data to study Alzheimer's disease. Over the past 20 years, more than 2400 participants have taken part in Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) at one of the many sites across North America. So much has been learned because of our willingness to step up

Well-chosen biomarkers have the potential to increase the efficiency of clinical trials and drug discovery and should show good precision as well as clinical validity.

The goal of the Biostatistics Core of the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) has been to ensure that sound study designs and statistical methods are used to meet the overall goals of ADNI. We have supported the creation of a well-validated and well-curated longitudinal database of clinical and biomarker information on ADNI participants and helped to make this accessible and usable for

INTRODUCTIONGeographic variation in diagnosed cases of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) could be due to underlying population risk or differences in intensity of new case identification. Areas with low ADRD diagnostic intensity could be targeted for additional surveillance efforts.METHODSMedicare claims were used for a cohort of older adults across hospital referral regions (HRRs).

Brain glucose hypometabolism, indexed by the fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG-PET) imaging, is a metabolic signature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying biological pathways involved in these metabolic changes remain elusive.

The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) has revolutionized the landscape of Alzheimer's research through its Informatics Core, which has facilitated unprecedented data standardization and sharing. Over 20 years, ADNI established a robust informatics framework, enabling the validation of biomarkers and supporting global research efforts. The Informatics Core, centered at the Laboratory

The Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) Clinical Core is responsible for coordination of all clinical activities at the ADNI sites, including project management, regulatory oversight, and site management and monitoring, as well as the collection of all clinical data and management of all study data. The Clinical Core is also charged with determining the clinical classifications and criteria

Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) can be phenotypically divided into behavioral variant FTD (bvFTD), nonfluent variant primary progressive aphasia (nfvPPA), and semantic variant PPA (svPPA). However, the neural underpinnings of this phenotypic heterogeneity remain elusive.

INTRODUCTIONBehavioral and psychological symptoms in dementia (BPSD) are dynamic phenomena with a high amount of intraindividual variability. We applied a multilevel framework to identify subsyndromes (between‐person factors) that represent clinically relevant profiles of BPSD and identify symptom clusters (within‐person factors) that represent contextually driven daily symptom experiences.METHODSThis

INTRODUCTIONThe incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and obesity rise concomitantly. This study examined whether factors affecting metabolism, race/ethnicity, and sex are associated with AD development.METHODSThe analyses included patients ≥ 65 years with AD diagnosis in six University of California hospitals between January 2012 and October 2023. The controls were race/ethnicity, sex, and age matched

The Alzheimer's Association Dementia Care Provider Roundtable (AADCPR) is awarding $250,000 in grant funding to Anju Paudel, PhD, RN, Pennsylvania State University, to fund research aimed at optimizing care interactions between staff and people living with dementia in assisted living communities. The study will validate and establish a new process and outcome measure known as QUALity of Interactions

Black women are sorely underrepresented in studies of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD) despite higher rates of ADRD diagnoses than in non‐Hispanic White women. There are many reasons for underrepresentation, including medical mistrust, limited access to clinical studies, and restrictive study inclusion criteria. These pervasive barriers to research participation are often not considered

BACKGROUNDEducation influences brain health and dementia. However, its impact across regions, specifically Latin America (LA) and the United States (US), is unknown.METHODSA total of 1412 participants comprising controls, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) from LA and the US were included. We studied the association of education with brain volume and

INTRODUCTIONAbdominal adipose tissue (AT) mass has adverse effects on the brain. This study aimed to investigate the effect of glucose uptake by abdominal AT on brain aging.METHODSThree‐hundred twenty‐five participants underwent total‐body positron emission tomography scan. Brain age was estimated in an independent test set (n = 98) using a support vector regression model that was built using a training

INTRODUCTIONIn this study, we investigated biomarkers in a midlife, racially diverse, at‐risk cohort to facilitate early identification and intervention. We examined neuroimaging measures, including resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), white matter hyperintensity vo (WMH), and hippocampal volumes, alongside cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers.METHODSOur data set included 76 cognitively

The spatial and temporal patterns of cortical mean diffusivity (cMD), as well as its association with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and suspected non-Alzheimer's pathophysiology (SNAP), are not yet fully understood.

We investigated the associations of leptin markers with cognitive function and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measures of brain atrophy and vascular injury in healthy middle-aged adults.

INTRODUCTIONThe apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε4 allele exerts a significant influence on peripheral inflammation and neuroinflammation, yet the underlying mechanisms remain elusive.METHODSThe present study enrolled 54 patients diagnosed with late‐onset Alzheimer's disease (AD; including 28 APOE ε4 carriers and 26 non‐carriers). Plasma inflammatory cytokine concentration was assessed, alongside bulk RNA

INTRODUCTIONChronic air pollution (AirPoll) is associated with accelerated cognitive decline and risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Correspondingly, wild‐type and AD‐transgenic rodents exposed to AirPoll have increased amyloid peptides and behavioral impairments.METHODSWe examined the γ‐secretase modulator GSM‐15606 for potential AirPoll protection by its attenuating of amyloid beta (Aβ)42 peptide production