RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Coronary artery calcification (CAC) progresses rapidly in people with chronic kidney disease (CKD) compared with the general population. We studied the association between CAC progression and higher risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), congestive heart failure, and all-cause mortality among adults with CKD. STUDY DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING & Participants:

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Formalized peer support is a promising approach for addressing the emotional and practical needs of people living with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We aimed to systematically identify and summarize peer support interventions studied in individuals with CKD with or without kidney replacement therapy (KRT). SOURCES OF EVIDENCE We searched electronic databases and grey literature

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Growth failure is a common problem among children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Reduced height is associated with psychosocial burden, social stigma, and impaired quality of life. This study aimed to describe the aspects of growth impairment that are most impactful from the perspectives of children with CKD, their parents, and health professionals. STUDY DESIGN Qualitative

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Case-mix adjusted hemodialysis mortality has decreased since 1998. Many factors that influence mortality may have contributed to this trend and these associations may differ by continental region. We studied changes in hemodialysis facility practices over time and their potential role in mediating changes in patient survival. STUDY DESIGN Observational prospective cohort study

Older Latino adults (65+) comprise the fastest growing minoritized group among the older population in the US and experience a disproportionate burden of kidney failure as well as disparities in kidney care compared to non-Hispanic White individuals. Despite significant need and barriers uniquely faced by this population, few educational resources or decision aids are available to meet the language

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Recent evidence suggests substantial burden of symptoms experienced by people with non-dialysis chronic kidney disease (ND-CKD), but informative large-scale studies are scarce. We aimed to assess the prevalence of symptoms, and the association of overall symptom burden with quality of life in patients with moderate to severe CKD. STUDY DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Almost 80% of individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) reside in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) and are potentially under-represented in randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs). We assessed the global distribution of RCTs comparing pharmacological treatments for CKD over the past two decades, as well as the magnitude and evolution of participation by LMICs

Mitochondrial cytopathies can have kidney involvement in up to half of cases. Their diagnosis is challenging due to phenotypic variability, lack of noninvasive tests to assess mitochondrial dysfunction, and genetic heterogeneity. We report on a young adult male with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) with subnephrotic proteinuria who presented to the emergency department

The association of long-term cumulative blood pressure (BP) loads with the risk of incident chronic kidney disease (CKD) remains a matter of debate. This study investigated this association among healthy Korean adults with normal kidney function. Prospective cohort study. We analyzed 5,221 participants without CKD in the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study. Cumulative systolic and diastolic BP (SBP

Patients treated with kidney replacement therapy experience a 1.5- to 2-fold increased risk of cancer and cancer mortality compared with the general population. Whether this excess risk extends to people with earlier stage chronic kidney disease and whether reduced kidney function is causally related to cancer is unclear. Two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Genome-wide association study (GWAS)

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Pruritus is a common but not well-characterized complaint of patients receiving maintenance dialysis. This study sought to quantify the burden of pruritus and its associated adverse health outcomes in this population. STUDY DESIGN Observational study. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS All patients receiving maintenance dialysis in Stockholm, Sweden, during 2005-2021. EXPOSURE Clinically

DNASE1L3 is an extracellular nuclease that digests chromatin released from apoptotic cells. DNASE1L3 mutations impair the enzyme function, enhance autoantibody production and type I interferon (IFN-I) responses, and cause different autosomal recessive phenotypes ranging from hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis syndrome to full-blown systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Kidney involvement in patients

Females have a higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) than males but are less likely to be treated with kidney replacement therapy (KRT). We studied the interaction between sex and the association of cardiometabolic risk factors for the decline in kidney function over time. A population-based cohort study. 1,127,731 adults living in Wales, United Kingdom, within the Secure Anonymised Information

Resistant hypertension is defined as blood pressure above goal despite confirmed adherence to 3 first-line antihypertensive agents or when blood pressure is controlled with 4 or more medications at maximal or maximally tolerated doses. In addition to meeting these criteria, identifying patients with true resistant hypertension requires both accurate in-office blood pressure measurement as well as excluding

About 37 million people in the United States have chronic kidney disease, a disease that encompasses diseases of multiple causes. About 10% or more of kidney diseases in adults and about 70% of selected chronic kidney diseases in children are expected to be explained by genetic causes. Despite the advances in genetic testing and an increasing understanding of the genetic bases of certain kidney diseases

The clinical trajectory of normoalbuminuric chronic kidney disease (CKD), particularly in the absence of diabetes, has not yet been well-studied. This study evaluated the association of kidney and cardiovascular outcomes with levels of albuminuria in a cohort of patients with nondiabetic CKD. Prospective cohort study. 1,463 adults with nondiabetic CKD without known glomerulonephritis and diagnosed

Chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDUE) is one of the main global causes of kidney failure. Genetic studies may identify an etiology in these patients, but few studies have implemented genetic testing of CKDUE in a population-based series of patients, which was the focus of the GENSEN Study. Case series. 818 patients aged≤45 years at 51 Spanish centers with CKDUE, and either an estimated

Social disconnection has been associated with poor cardiometabolic health. This study sought to investigate the associations of social isolation and loneliness with diabetic microvascular complications (DMCs) among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and compare these associations versus those related to traditional risk factors. Prospective cohort study. A total of 24,297 UK Biobank participants

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Although smoking is a recognized risk factor for chronic kidney disease (CKD), the relationship between the time smoking is initiated after awakening each day and CKD remains largely unstudied. This study examined the association between this timing and the risk of CKD, and the potential interactions of smoking timing with other risk factors for the occurrence of CKD. STUDY DESIGN

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Crystalglobulinemia is a rare syndrome characterized by intravascular crystallization of monoclonal immunoglobulins (MIg). Data on kidney involvement are limited to case reports. This series characterizes the clinicopathologic spectrum of crystalglobulin-induced nephropathy (CIN). STUDY DESIGN Case series. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS Nineteen CIN cases identified from the nephropathology

Frailty is a multisystem syndrome of decreased physiologic reserve that has been shown to strongly and independently predict morbidity and mortality. Frailty is prevalent in patients living with kidney disease and occurs earlier in individuals with kidney disease as compared to the general population. In this comprehensive review, we examine clinical and research applications of frailty in kidney disease

We conducted a prespecified examination of the efficacy and safety of allopurinol and febuxostat administered using a treat-to-target strategy in trial participants with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Prespecified subcohort analysis of a randomized controlled trial. A substudy of the STOP Gout Trial in participants with CKD. CKD was defined as an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 30-59mL/min/1

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE Exposure to extreme heat events has been linked to increased morbidity and mortality in the general population. Patients receiving maintenance dialysis may be vulnerable to greater risks from these events, but this is not well understood. We characterized the association of extreme heat events and the risk of death among patients receiving dialysis in the United States. STUDY

Monkeypox (mpox) is an orthopoxviral zoonotic disease with a similar but less severe clinical presentation as smallpox. However, immunocompromised patients such as solid organ transplant recipients are at higher risk of developing severe forms of the disease. Herein, we describe the case of a 43-year-old female kidney transplant recipient that manifested severe skin ulcers alongside nodular lung opacities

There has been a steady rise in the use of clinical decision support (CDS) tools to guide nephrology as well as general clinical care. Through guidance set by federal agencies and concerns raised by clinical investigators, there has been an equal rise in understanding whether such tools exhibit algorithmic bias leading to unfairness. This has spurred the more fundamental question of whether sensitive

The global burden of kidney disease is increasing, paralleled by a rising number of natural and man-made crises. During these tumultuous times, accessing vital healthcare resources becomes challenging, posing significant risks to individuals, particularly those with kidney disease. This review delves into the impact of crises on kidney disease, with a particular focus on acute kidney injury (AKI),