To compare the incidences of early and late-onset neonatal sepsis, including group B streptococcus (GBS) and Escherichia coli (E.coli) before and after implementation of universal screening and intrapartum antibiotics prophylaxis (IAP).

To investigate women’s preference for modified Manchester(MM) or sacrospinous hysteropexy(SH) as surgery for uterine prolapse.

To study the impact of shoulder dystocia (SD) simulation training on the SD management and the incidence of permanent brachial plexus birth injury (BPBI).

To examine the association between lifetime lactation and risk and duration of frequent vasomotor symptoms (VMS).

Deputy Editor-in-Chief, Bob Silver, discusses his main topic in an audio podcast available at: https://soundcloud.com/bjog/September-editorial-2022

This is the third edition of the guideline. The first edition was published in 2006 and the second in 2011 under the title Obstetric Cholestasis.

Cytology performed directly on hrHPV-positive self-samples (reflex-cytology) is feasible and for women with abnormal cytology, an additional cytology test at the general practitioner could be omitted. The aim of this study is to assess the added-value of digital-imaging (ThinPrep® Imaging System) on the clinical utility of reflex-cytology by reducing screening-error.

To assess the association between trajectories of comorbid anxiety and depressive (CAD) symptoms assessed at each pregnancy trimester and physiological birth.

We thank Drs Sookaromdee and Wiwanitkit for their interest in our paper describing COVID-19 vaccine knowledge, attitude and practices among pregnant women in the eight sites of the Global Network for Women’s and Children’s Health, and especially for their focus on discrepancies in vaccination rates and vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women.1, 2 Several health data systems track population vaccination

To describe outcomes in the first 2 years of life for the children born in the Dallas UtErus Transplant Study.

We congratulate Naqvi et al.1 on their study that reports knowledge, attitudes and practices of pregnant women regarding COVID-19 vaccination, from the Global Network for Women and Children’s Health Research.1 This COVID-19 vaccine survey in seven LMICs indicated that knowledge regarding the vaccine’s effectiveness and safety was typically poor but did vary. Concerns regarding vaccine safety and effectiveness

Genitourinary syndrome of menopause (GSM) is the term used to describe the group of symptoms including vaginal pain, vaginal dryness, itching, pain during sexual intercourse and fragile vaginal tissues as well as urinary symptoms including urinary frequency, urgency, incontinence, blood in the urine (haematuria) and recurrent urinary tract infections that occur due to a lack of the hormone estrogen

To investigate the effect of an antenatal diet and exercise intervention during pregnancy on sleep duration. As a secondary objective, associations between sleep duration and gestational weight gain (GWG), maternal metabolic parameters and pregnancy outcomes were assessed.

To investigate whether perineal infiltration of ropivacaine after episiotomy would decrease the incidence of postpartum pain compared with placebo.

To examine the association of fetal/placental DNA copy number variants (CNVs) with pathologic placental lesions (PPLs) in pregnancies complicated by stillbirth.

To compare the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) among young women for nine combined oral contraceptives (COCs), including progestogens with an as yet unclear risk of VTE such as chlormadinone and nomegestrol, using COCs containing levonorgestrel with low ethinylestradiol (<50 μg) as a reference.

The findings reported by Gustafson et al., that, among Danish women aged 45+, the rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2+ (CIN2+) was significantly higher (32.4%) in specimens from large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ) than in colposcopic biopsies (14.7%), is based on a thoughtful analysis. Patients were screened and managed using Danish guidelines, which included predominantly

To investigate maternal lactate concentrations in labour and the puerperium.

1 DYNAMIC CONSENT Dynamic consent (DC) is ‘an approach to informed consent supported by an electronic interface’ that allows patients to ‘revisit and review consent decisions over time’.1 DC emphasises ‘communication and engagement on information delivered through a variety of media, over time, recognising the importance of catering for various informational needs and ensuring accessibility’.1 Currently

To investigate the association between mode of delivery and subsequent maternal sexual wellbeing.

The use of robotic-assisted keyhole surgery in gynaecology has expanded in recent years owing to technical advances. These include 3D viewing leading to improved depth perception, limitation of tremor, potential for greater precision and discrimination of tissues, a shorter learning curve and improved comfort for surgeons compared with conventional keyhole and open abdominal surgery. Robotic-assisted

Deputy Editor-in-Chief, John M. Thorp Jr., discusses his top articles from this issue in an audio podcast available at: https://soundcloud.com/bjog/August-editorial-2022

Ashkenazi-Jewish (AJ) population-based BRCA testing is acceptable, cost-effective and amplifies primary prevention for breast & ovarian cancer. However, data describing lifestyle impact are lacking. We report long-term results of population-based BRCA testing on lifestyle behaviour and cancer risk perception.

The thyroid is a gland located in the neck and is important for many processes in the body. Problems with the thyroid gland are common in women of reproductive age. It is essential to have a normal working thyroid gland in order to achieve a successful pregnancy. One of the most common problems with the thyroid is underactivity (known as hypothyroidism). An early, mild form of an underactive thyroid

Deputy Editor-in-Chief, Dr Patrick Chien, discusses his top articles from this issue in an audio podcast available at: https://soundcloud.com/bjog/July-editorial-2022

DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.17010 In the article by van Beek et al,1 in page 530, under Prognostic model of the Methods section, there is an error in the regression formula to predict survival below in which the plus sign ‘+’ before 0.47 should have been ‘−’: The formula should have read: LP(Survival)=−10.28+0.46⋅gestation+0.47⋅1birthweight2+0.45⋅gender+−0.28⋅gest23. The online version has been updated

DOI: 10.1111/1471-0528.16292 In the article by Xu et al1, there are errors in the affiliation details for author C. Xu and F. Yang. Affiliation ‘a’ was incorrect and affiliation ‘g’ should be removed. The affiliation for the first and last author should read as follows: Cailing Xua,b, Fang Yanga,b aDepartment of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University,

Sir, We agree that tracking changes in vaccination patterns over time in the peripartum period is critical.1 The follow up in our cohort2 was relatively short (6 months), and further follow up is needed. Such data may highlight how pregnancy and the postpartum period, including breastfeeding, may impact coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination relative to other less transient factors, including

Outcomes of earlier systematic reviews of the efficacy of ablative and excisional techniques to treat cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3 (CIN2/3) were biased, as most of the included studies did not compare the techniques head-to-head.

Fetal movement (FM) is a sign of fetal life and wellbeing that is felt by the pregnant woman, and reduced FM is known to precede stillbirths.1, 2 Therefore, healthcare providers may advise women to monitor and report if their babies’ movements are fewer than usual. In high-income countries (HICs), there has been a renewed interest in FM with a recent wave of large-scale randomised controlled clinical

In this study in two low- and middle-income country (LMIC) settings in Asia, expert panels who looked at cause of death of premature neonates, with significantly more information available, found far more birth asphyxia and less respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) than the discharging neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) physicians did. Some NICU physicians attributed respiratory distress in the premature

To evaluate the clinical utility of p16/Ki67 dual-stain (DS) compared with cytology for detecting cervical intraepithelial lesion grade two or worse (CIN2+) in women with a transformation zone type 3 (TZ3).

Obstetric anal sphincter injury (OASI) is a dreaded complication of vaginal delivery as it may cause anal incontinence, erode self-image, impair an active lifestyle and shatter sexual relationships. Most countries and clinicians strive actively to reduce the prevalence of OASI in their practice, and some care bundles to prevent OASI have been effective (Laine et al. BMJ Open 2012;2:5). Risk factors

Sir, We would like to comment on the recent publication by Germann et al., on the association of initial coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy with subsequent vaccination among pregnant and postpartum individuals.1 We read with interest that COVID-19 vaccination hesitation persisted throughout the peripartum period, and only a few people who were hesitant at baseline were later immunised

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) predominantly affects women of reproductive age with obesity, and these women have a distinct profile of hyperandrogenism and insulin resistance. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has an established adverse fertility phenotype that typically affects obese women. As IIH may impact reproductive health, we sought to evaluate fertility, gestational complications

To examine the association between race and pre-eclampsia and gestational hypertension after adjustment for factors in maternal characteristics and medical history in a screening study from the Fetal Medicine Foundation (FMF) in England, and to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies on pre-eclampsia.

To develop and validate a model to predict obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIS) using only information available at the time of admission for labour.

The widespread knowledge of monochorionic (MC) twin pregnancy complications among obstetricians has led to the identification of more and more cases at risk of twin–twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) even before 16 weeks of gestation, the time when MC surveillance is supposed to start according to guidelines (NICE guidelines 2019). Based on the report of reference ranges of amniotic fluid in MC twins

Personalised medicine seeks to identify individuals who will benefit most (maximal effects and/or minimal risk) from a particular treatment. The use of aspirin in women at high-risk of preterm pre-eclampsia is an excellent example of personalised pre-eclampsia prevention (Rolnik et al. NEJM. 2017;377:613–22). What do we know about other preventative strategies, such as calcium supplementation? In this

To test the hypothesis that potential missed opportunities for antenatal corticosteroids increase as gestational age decreases and are associated with adverse outcomes.

The advent of greater inclusivity of minority groups in research and clinical trials is long overdue. The historical lack of representation of women and gender minorities in the medical literature has led to an over-reliance on male physiology and experience to understand disease. It is important to recognise that to understand and respond to the known health disparities among groups that research

Pelvic pain affects 15% of women yet we still have limited understanding of the underlying mechanisms involved, resulting in a dearth of effective treatments. Chronic pain represents an increasing burden on both individuals and societies, negatively influencing finances, productivity and psychological wellbeing (Mathias et al. Obstet Gynecol 1996;87:321–7). Establishing the association between pelvic

Increased fetal heart rate variability (FHRV) in intrapartum cardiotocographic recording has been variably defined and poorly understood, limiting its clinical utility. Both preclinical (animal) and clinical (human) evidence support that increased FHRV is observed in the early stage of intrapartum fetal hypoxaemia but can also be observed in a subset of fetuses during the preterminal stage of repeated