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Cascade testing for hereditary cancer: comprehensive multigene panels identify unexpected actionable findings in relatives J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-27 Brandie Heald, Sara Pirzadeh-Miller, Rachel E Ellsworth, Sarah M Nielsen, Emily M Russell, Peter Beitsch, Edward D Esplin, Robert L Nussbaum, Daniel E Pineda-Alvarez, Allison W Kurian, Heather Hampel
Current guidelines recommend single gene/variant testing in relatives of patients with known pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants (PGVs) in cancer predisposition genes. This approach may preclude the use of risk-reducing strategies in family members who have PGVs in other cancer predisposition genes. Cascade testing using multigene panels was performed in 3,696 relatives of 7,433 probands. Unexpected
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Effectiveness of geriatric assessment and management in older cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-18 Mohammed Rashidul Anwar, Shant Torkom Yeretzian, Ana Patricia Ayala, Emma Matosyan, Henriette Breunis, Kathyrin Bote, Martine Puts, Mohammed Hassan Habib, Qixuan Li, Yeva Sahakyan, Shabbir M H Alibhai, Lusine Abrahamyan
Background Frailty and multimorbidity among older cancer patients affect treatment tolerance and efficacy. Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) and management is recommended to optimize cancer treatment but its effect on various outcomes remains uncertain. Objective To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and cost-effectiveness studies comparing CGA
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Prostate Cancer Screening in African American Men: A Review of the Evidence J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-15 Kevin H Kensler, Roman Johnson, Faith Morley, Mohamed Albrair, Barbra A Dickerman, Roman Gulati, Sarah K Holt, Hari S Iyer, Adam S Kibel, Jenney R Lee, Mark A Preston, Jason L Vassy, Erika M Wolff, Yaw A Nyame, Ruth Etzioni, Timothy R Rebbeck
Background Prostate cancer (PC) is the most diagnosed cancer in African American men (AAM), yet PC screening regimens in this group are poorly guided by existing evidence, given underrepresentation of AAM in prostate cancer screening trials. It is critical to optimize PC screening and early detection in this high-risk group since underdiagnosis may lead to later stage cancers at diagnosis and higher
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Clinical and Molecular Characteristics of Early-Onset versus Average-Onset Esophagogastric Cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-12 Melissa A Lumish, Henry Walch, Steven B Maron, Walid Chatila, Yelena Kemel, Anna Maio, Geoffrey Y Ku, David H Ilson, Elizabeth Won, Jia Li, Smita S Joshi, Ping Gu, Mark A Schattner, Monika Laszkowska, Hans Gerdes, David R Jones, Smita Sihag, Daniel G Coit, Laura H Tang, Vivian E Strong, Daniela Molena, Zsofia K Stadler, Nikolaus Schultz, Yelena Y Janjigian, Andrea Cercek
Purpose The rate of esophagogastric cancer (EGC) is rising among individuals under the age of 50. It remains unknown whether early onset (EO)-EGC represents a unique entity. This study investigates the clinical and molecular characteristics of EO- and average onset (AO)-EGC. Methods We reviewed the Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center gastric, esophageal and gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer
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BARD1 germline variants induce haploinsufficiency and DNA repair defects in neuroblastoma J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-09 Michael P Randall, Laura E Egolf, Zalman Vaksman, Minu Samanta, Matthew Tsang, David Groff, J Perry Evans, Jo Lynne Rokita, Mehdi Layeghifard, Adam Shlien, John M Maris, Sharon J Diskin, Kristopher R Bosse
Background High-risk neuroblastoma is a complex genetic disease that is lethal in over 50% of patients despite intense multimodal therapy. Through genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and next-generation sequencing (NGS), we have identified common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and rare, pathogenic (P) or likely pathogenic (LP) germline loss-of-function (LOF) variants in BARD1 enriched in
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Germline pathogenic variants in neuroblastoma patients are enriched in BARD1 and predict worse survival J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-09 Jung Kim, Zalman Vaksman, Laura E Egolf, Rebecca Kaufman, J Perry Evans, Karina L Conkrite, Arnavaz Danesh, Gonzalo Lopez, Michael P Randall, Maiah H Dent, Lance M Farra, Neil L Menghani, Malwina Dymek, Heena Desai, Ryan Hausler, Belynda Hicks, Jaime Guidry Auvil, Daniela S Gerhard, Hakon Hakonarson, Kara N Maxwell, Kristina A Cole, Trevor J Pugh, Kristopher R Bosse, Javed Khan, Jun S Wei, John M Maris
Background Neuroblastoma is an embryonal cancer of the developing sympathetic nervous system. The genetic contribution of rare pathogenic or likely pathogenic (P-LP) germline variants in patients without a family history remains unclear. Methods Germline DNA sequencing was performed on 786 neuroblastoma patients. The frequency of rare cancer predisposition gene (CPG) P-LP variants in cases was compared
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Evolving therapies, neurocognitive outcomes and functional independence in adult survivors of childhood glioma J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-08 Chiara Papini, Sedigheh Mirzaei, Mengqi Xing, Ingrid Tonning Olsson, Peter de Blank, Katharine R Lange, Ralph Salloum, Deokumar Srivastava, Wendy M Leisenring, Rebecca M Howell, Kevin C Oeffinger, Leslie L Robison, Gregory T Armstrong, Kevin R Krull, Tara M Brinkman
Background Treatment of childhood glioma has evolved to reduce radiotherapy exposure with the goal of limiting late toxicity. However, the associations between treatment changes and neurocognition, and the contribution of neurocognition and chronic health conditions (CHCs) to attainment of adult independence, remain unknown. Methods Adult survivors of childhood glioma diagnosed 1970-1999 in the Childhood
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Changes in Cancer-Related Mortality During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-08 Ugo Fedeli, Claudio Barbiellini Amidei, Xuesong Han, Ahmedin Jemal
Few studies have examined cancer-related mortality overall and for select cancer types during the pandemic. Data on cancer-related mortality (any mention in death certificates, multiple causes of death–MCOD approach) was extracted from the CDC WONDER database. Changes in trends of age-standardized mortality rates through 1999-2021 were assessed by Joinpoint analysis. 1,379,643 cancer-related deaths
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Metastatic site patterns by intrinsic subtype and HER2DX in early HER2-positive breast cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Maria Vittoria Dieci, Prof, Pierfranco Conte, Prof, Giancarlo Bisagni, Stefania Bartolini, Antonio Frassoldati, Daniele Generali, Federico Piacentini, Gaia Griguolo, Enrico Tagliafico, Fara Brasó Maristany, Nuria Chic, Laia Paré, Federica Miglietta, Roberto Vicini, Roberto D’Amico, Sara Balduzzi, Aleix Prat, Valentina Guarneri
Purpose Even with contemporary treatment strategies, >10% of HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer (BC) patients may experience distant metastasis as first event during follow-up. Tools for predicting unique patterns of metastatic spread are needed to plan personalized surveillance. We evaluated how molecular heterogeneity affects the pattern of distant relapse in HER2-positive BC. Patients and methods
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Molecular features of prostate cancer post-neoadjuvant therapy in the Phase 3 CALGB 90203 trial J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Takayuki Sumiyoshi, Xiaofei Wang, Evan W Warner, Andrea Sboner, Matti Annala, Michael Sigouros, Kevin Beja, Kei Mizuno, Shengyu Ku, Ladan Fazli, James Eastham, Mary-Ellen Taplin, Jeffrey Simko, Susan Halabi, Michael J Morris, Martin E Gleave, Alexander W Wyatt, Himisha Beltran
Purpose The phase 3 CALGB 90203 (Alliance) trial evaluated neoadjuvant chemohormonal therapy (CHT) for high-risk localized PCa before radical prostatectomy (RP). We dissect the molecular features of post-treated PCa along with long-term clinical outcomes to explore mechanisms of response and resistance to CHT. Patients and Methods We evaluated 471 RP tumors, including 294 samples from 166 patients
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Association between a network-based physician linchpin score and cancer patient mortality: A SEER-Medicare analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Erika L Moen, Rachel O Schmidt, Tracy Onega, Gabriel A Brooks, A James O’Malley
Background Patients with cancer frequently require multidisciplinary teams for optimal cancer outcomes. Network analysis can capture relationships among cancer specialists, and we developed a novel physician linchpin score to characterize “linchpin” physicians whose peers have fewer ties to other physicians of the same oncologic specialty. Our study examined whether being treated by a linchpin physician
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Validating a Model for Predicting Breast Cancer and Non-Breast Cancer Death in Women Aged 55 and Older J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Emily A Wolfson, Mara A Schonberg, A Heather Eliassen, Kimberly A Bertrand, Yurii B Shvetsov, Bernard A Rosner, Julie R Palmer, Andrea Z LaCroix, Rowan T Chlebowski, Rebecca A Nelson, Long H Ngo
Background To support mammography screening decision-making, we developed a competing-risk model to estimate 5-year breast cancer (BC) risk and 10-year non-BC death for women ≥55 using Nurses’ Health Study (NHS) data and examined model performance in the Black Women’s Health Study (BWHS). Here, we examine model performance in predicting 10-year outcomes in the BWHS, Women’s Health Initiative-Extension
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Validation of co-SSPedi: a novel dyadic approach to symptom screening in pediatric patients receiving cancer treatment J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Deborah Tomlinson, L Lee Dupuis, David Dix, Nicole Crellin-Parsons, Sadie Cook, Ketan Kulkarni, Tal Schechter, George A Tomlinson, Lillian Sung
Background Co-Symptom Screening in Pediatrics Tool (co-SSPedi) is a dyadic (child-guardian) approach to symptom assessment. Objectives were to evaluate the reliability and validity of co-SSPedi for pediatric patients receiving cancer treatments. Methods This multi-center study included dyads of patients 4-18 years of age with cancer or undergoing hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT), and their guardians
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Novel insights into genetic susceptibility for colorectal cancer from transcriptome-wide association and functional investigation J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-26 Zhishan Chen, Wenqiang Song, Xiao-ou Shu, Wanqing Wen, Matthew Devall, Christopher Dampier, Ferran Moratalla-Navarro, Qiuyin Cai, Jirong Long, Luc Van Kaer, Lan Wu, Jeroen R Huyghe, Minta Thomas, Li Hsu, Michael O Woods, Demetrius Albanes, Daniel D Buchanan, Andrea Gsur, Michael Hoffmeister, Pavel Vodicka, Alicja Wolk, Loic Le Marchand, Anna H Wu, Amanda I Phipps, Victor Moreno, Peters Ulrike, Wei
Background and Aims Transcriptome-wide association studies (TWAS) have been successful in identifying candidate susceptibility genes for colorectal cancer (CRC). To strengthen susceptibility gene discovery, we conducted a large TWAS and an alternative splicing-TWAS (sp-TWAS) in CRC using improved genetic prediction models and performed in-depth functional investigations. Methods We analyzed RNA-sequencing
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Severe anal intraepithelial neoplasia trends and subsequent invasive anal cancer in the United States J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-24 Cameron B Haas, Eric A Engels, Joel M Palefsky, Megan A Clarke, Aimée R Kreimer, Qianlai Luo, Ruth M Pfeiffer, Baozhen Qiao, Karen S Pawlish, Analise Monterosso, Meredith S Shiels
Background Anal intraepithelial neoplasia grade III (AIN3) is a precursor to squamous cell carcinoma of the anus (SCCA), for which rates are nearly 20-fold higher in people with HIV (PWH) than in the general population in the US. We describe trends in AIN3 diagnosis and risk of SCCA following AIN3 by HIV status and sex. Methods We utilized data from a population-based linkage between cancer and HIV
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Risk of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in People with HIV in the United States, 2001-2019 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Jennifer K McGee-Avila, Ilona Argirion, Eric A Engels, Thomas R O’Brien, Marie-Josèphe Horner, Baozhen Qiao, Analise Monterosso, Qianlai Luo, Meredith S Shiels
Background People with HIV (PWH) have higher risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) than the general population, partly due to higher prevalence of coinfection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) or C virus (HCV). Methods We calculated standardized incidence ratios for HCC in PWH by comparing rates from PWH in the HIV/AIDS Cancer Match Study, a population-based HIV and cancer registry linkage, to those in
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Global Epidemiologic Patterns of Oropharyngeal Cancer Incidence Trends J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Zachary S Zumsteg, Michael Luu, Philip S Rosenberg, Julia K Elrod, Freddie Bray, Salvatore Vaccarella, Christopher Gay, Diana J Lu, Michelle M Chen, Anil K Chaturvedi, Marc T Goodman
Background The emergence of HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) and evolving tobacco use patterns have changed the landscape of head and neck cancer epidemiology internationally. We investigated updated trends in OPC incidence worldwide. Methods We analyzed cancer incidence data during 1993-2012 from 42 countries using the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents database Volumes V-XI. Trends in OPC
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Infection with alternate frequencies of SARS-CoV-2 vaccine boosting for patients undergoing antineoplastic cancer treatments J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-21 Jeffrey P Townsend, Hayley B Hassler, Brinda Emu, Alex Dornburg
Patients undergoing antineoplastic therapies often exhibit reduced immune response to COVID-19 vaccination, necessitating assessment of alternate booster vaccination frequencies. However, data on reinfection risks to guide clinical decision-making is limited. Here we quantified reinfection risks for patients undergoing distinct antineoplastic therapies, given alternative frequencies of boosting with
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A National Evaluation of Adjuvant Chemotherapy in pT4N0M0 Colon Cancer from the National Cancer Database J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Thais Reif de Paula, Deborah S Keller
Background T stage is a prognostic biomarker for overall survival (OS) in colon cancer and pathologic T4 (pT4) disease is a high-risk characteristic. Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is recommended to improve OS in pT4N0M0, but compliance with guidelines is unknown. We aimed to evaluate AC use and impact on OS in pT4N0M0 colon cancer. Methods The NCDB was reviewed for pT4N0M0 colon adenocarcinomas undergoing
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The Cancer Moonshot Immuno-Oncology Translational Network (IOTN) at age 5: Accelerating Cancer Immunotherapies J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-12 Ananth Annapragada, Andrew G Sikora, Himangi Marathe, Song Liu, Michael Demetriou, Lawrence Fong, Jinming Gao, Donald Kufe, Zachary S Morris, Eduardo Vilar, Elad Sharon, Alan Hutson, Kunle Odunsi
The Immuno-Oncology Translational Network (IOTN) was established in 2018 as part of the Cancer MoonshotSM, and in 2022 President Biden set new goals to reduce the cancer death rate by half within 25 years and improve lives of people with cancer and cancer survivors. The IOTN is focused on accelerating translation of cancer immunology research from bench to bedside and improving immunotherapy outcomes
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Safety and efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors in advanced penile cancer: report from the Global Society of Rare Genitourinary Tumors J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-11 Talal El Zarif, Amin H Nassar, Gregory R Pond, Tony Zibo Zhuang, Viraj Master, Bassel Nazha, Scot Niglio, Nicholas Simon, Andrew W Hahn, Curtis A Pettaway, Shi-Ming Tu, Noha Abdel-Wahab, Maud Velev, Ronan Flippot, Sebastiano Buti, Marco Maruzzo, Arjun Mittra, Jinesh Gheeya, Yuanquan Yang, Pablo Alvarez Rodriguez, Daniel Castellano, Guillermo de Velasco, Giandomenico Roviello, Lorenzo Antonuzzo, Rana
Background Treatment options for penile squamous cell carcinoma (PeCa) are limited. We sought to investigate clinical outcomes and safety profiles of patients with PeCa receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). Methods This retrospective study included patients with locally advanced or metastatic PeCa receiving ICIs during 2015-2022 across 24 centers in the United States, Europe, and Asia. Overall
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Disinfection by-products in drinking water and risk of colorectal cancer: a population-based cohort study J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-08 Emilie Helte, Melle Säve-Söderbergh, Susanna C Larsson, Anna Martling, Agneta Åkesson
Background Colorectal cancer is the third most common malignancy worldwide, and it is strongly linked to lifestyle and environmental risk factors. While several drinking water disinfection by-products are confirmed rodent carcinogens, there is still inconclusive evidence for human carcinogenicity, including colorectal cancer. Methods We assessed the association of long-term exposure to Trihalomethanes
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Genomic alterations impacting tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and PD-L1 expression patterns in triple-negative breast cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Han Wang, Xiao-Hong Ding, Cheng-Lin Liu, Yi Xiao, Ruo-Hong Shui, Yan-Ping Li, Chen Chen, Wen-Tao Yang, Suling Liu, Ce-Shi Chen, Zhi-Ming Shao, Yi-Zhou Jiang
Background Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) remain imperfect in predicting clinical outcomes of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), as outcomes do not always correlate with the expression of these biomarkers. Genomic and transcriptomic alterations that might contribute to the expression of these biomarkers remain incompletely uncovered. Methods We evaluated
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Time to deterioration of patient-reported outcomes as a surrogate of overall survival: meta-analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-03 Adel Shahnam, Udit Nindra, Jayesh Desai, Rina Hui, Marc Buyse, Ashley M Hopkins, Michael J Sorich
Background Overall survival (OS) is the optimal marker of efficacy of treatments in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) but can take a considerable amount of time to mature. Progression free survival (PFS) has served as an early surrogate of OS however is imperfect. Time to deterioration (TTD) in quality of life (QoL) measures could be an alternative surrogate of OS. Methods Phase 3 RCTs in solid malignancies
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Racial/ethnic and Socioeconomic Disparities in Childhood Cancer Incidence Trends in the United States, 2000-2019 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-02 Pablo S Monterroso, Zhaoheng Li, Allison M Domingues, Jeannette M Sample, Erin L Marcotte
Background Population-based surveillance of pediatric cancer incidence trends is critical to determine high-risk populations, drive hypothesis generation, and uncover etiologic heterogeneity. We provide a comprehensive update to the current understanding of pediatric cancer incidence trends by sex, race/ethnicity, and socioeconomic status (SES). Methods The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results
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Mortality among patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma with mental disorders: a population-based study J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Inna Gong, Matthew C Cheung, Kelvin K W Chan, Sumedha Arya, Neil Faught, Andrew Calzavara, Ning Liu, Oreofe O Odejide, Gregory Abel, Paul Kurdyak, Michael J Raphael, Thomas Kuczmarski, Anca Prica, Lee Mozessohn
Background While mental disorders have been reported in patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), studies examining their association with mortality are lacking. Methods We conducted a population-based study using linked administrative healthcare databases from Ontario, Canada. All patients with DLBCL aged ≥18 years treated with rituximab-based therapy between January 1st, 2005 and December
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Trends and Cancer-Specific Patterns of Physical Activity, Sleep Duration, and Daily Sitting Time Among US Cancer Survivors, 1997-2018 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Chao Cao, Alpa V Patel, Raymond Liu, Yin Cao, Christine M Friedenreich, Lin Yang
Background Physical activity, sufficient sleep, and limiting sedentary time may improve cancer survivorship. Methods Utilizing US nationally representative samples from the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) 1997-2018 and the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2018, this study investigated the trends of meeting physical activity guidelines (PAG), insufficient sleep
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Individualized Risk Assessment of Distant Metastases in Oral Cavity Carcinoma: A Validated Predictive-Score Model J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-27 Badr Id Said, Fatimah A Alfaraj, Gustavo N Marta, Luiz P Kowalski, Hugo F Kohler, Shao H Huang, Jie Su, Wei Xu, Lawson Eng, Fabio Y de Moraes, Ezra Hahn, John J Kim, Brian O’Sullivan, Jolie Ringash, John Waldron, Leandro L Matos, Eitan Prisman, Jonathan C Irish, Christopher M K L Yao, John R de Almeida, David P Goldstein, Andrew Hope, Ali Hosni
Background We aimed to develop and validate a risk-scoring system for distant metastases (DM) in oral cavity carcinoma (OCC). Methods OCC patients treated at 4 tertiary cancer institutions with curative surgery +/- postoperative radiation/chemo-radiation (PORT/PO-CRT) were randomly divided into discovery and validation cohorts (3:2 ratio). Cases were staged based on TNM 8th edition. Predictors of DM
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Protecting Vulnerable Patient Populations from Climate Hazards: The Role of the Nations’ Cancer Centers J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-25 Zelde Espinel, James M Shultz, Vanina Pavia Aubry, Omar Muñoz Abraham, Qinjin Fan, Tracy E Crane, Liora Sahar, Leticia M Nogueira
Individuals diagnosed with cancer are a vulnerable population during disasters. Emergency preparedness efforts are crucial for meeting the health and safety needs of patients, providers, healthcare facilities, and communities before, during, and after a disaster. Recognizing the importance of advancing emergency preparedness expertise to cancer control efforts nationwide, especially in the era of climate
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Suppressing c-FOS expression by G-quadruplex ligands inhibits osimertinib-resistant non-small cell lung cancers J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-23 Kai Lu, Hsin-Chiao Wang, Yi-Chen Tu, Cheng-Chung Chang, Pei-Jen Lou, Ta-Chau Chang, Jing-Jer Lin
Background Osimertinib stands as the first-line therapy for patients with non-small cell lung cancers harboring epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations. Although osimertinib has been shown to elicit profound patient responses, cancer cells frequently develop additional mutations that sustain their proliferation capacity. This acquired resistance represents a significant hurdle in precision
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A Novel HPV/Host DNA Methylation-Score and Detection of Cervical Adenocarcinoma J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Ana Gradissimo, Megan A Clarke, Xiaonan Xue, Philip E Castle, Tina R Raine-Bennett, Mark Schiffman, Nicolas Wentzensen, Howard D Strickler, Robert D Burk
Background The widespread introduction of Pap testing in the 1960second was followed by significant reductions in the incidence of cervical squamous cell cancer (SCC). However, the incidence of cervical adenocarcinoma (ADC) did not decrease, likely because of low Pap test sensitivity for ADC and adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS). This study assessed a novel HPV/host DNA Methylation-Score for AIS/ADC screening
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Changes in methylation-based aging in women who do and do not develop breast cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Jacob K Kresovich, Katie M O’Brien, Zongli Xu, Clarice R Weinberg, Dale P Sandler, Jack A Taylor
Background Breast cancer survivors have increased incidence of age-related diseases, suggesting that some survivors may experience faster biological aging. Methods Among 417 women enrolled in the prospective Sister Study cohort, DNA methylation data were generated on paired blood samples collected an average of 7.7 years apart and used to calculate 3 epigenetic metrics of biological aging (PhenoAgeAccel
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Patients’ attitudes and preferences toward delayed disease progression in the absence of improved survival J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-14 Michael D Brundage, Christopher M Booth, Elizabeth A Eisenhauer, Jacqueline Galica, Janarthanan Kankesan, Safiya Karim, Rachel Koven, Valerie McDonald, Terry Ng, Jennifer O'Donnell, Julia tenHove, Andrew Robinson
Background Cancer patients’ attitudes toward progression-free survival (PFS) gains offered by treatment are not well understood, particularly in the absence of overall survival (OS) gains. The objectives were to describe patients’ willingness to accept treatment that offers PFS gains without OS gains, to compare these findings to treatments offering OS gains, and to qualitatively summarize patients’
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A framework for assessing interactions for risk stratification models: the example of ovarian cancer. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 Minh Tung Phung,Alice W Lee,Karen McLean,Hoda Anton-Culver,Elisa V Bandera,Michael E Carney,Jenny Chang-Claude,Daniel W Cramer,Jennifer Anne Doherty,Renee T Fortner,Marc T Goodman,Holly R Harris,Allan Jensen,Francesmary Modugno,Kirsten B Moysich,Paul D P Pharoah,Bo Qin,Kathryn L Terry,Linda J Titus,Penelope M Webb,,Anna H Wu,Nur Zeinomar,Argyrios Ziogas,Andrew Berchuck,Kathleen R Cho,Gillian E Hanley
Generally, risk stratification models for cancer use effect estimates from risk/protective factor analyses that have not assessed potential interactions between these exposures. We have developed a four-criterion framework for assessing interactions which includes statistical, qualitative, biological, and practical approaches. Using ovarian cancer, we present the application of the framework as this
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Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of seven treatments In Metastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer (mHSPC): A Public-Payer Perspective J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 Minkyoung Yoo, Richard E Nelson, Benjamin Haaland, Maura Dougherty, Zachary Cutshall, Rhea Kohli, Rylee Beckstead, Manish Kohli
Background Recently several new treatment regimens have been approved for treating metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), building on androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) alone. These include docetaxel-ADT (DA), Abiraterone Acetate-Prednisone-ADT (AAP), Apalutamide-ADT (AAT), Enzalutamide-ADT (ET), Darolutamide-Docetaxel-ADT (DAD) and Abiraterone- Prednisone-ADT-Docetaxel (AAD). There
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Adjuvant endocrine therapy uptake, toxicity, quality of life, and prediction of early discontinuation J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-12 Félix Balazard, Aurélie Bertaut, Élise Bordet, Stéphane Mulard, Julie Blanc, Nathalie Briot, Gautier Paux, Asma Dhaini Merimeche, Olivier Rigal, Charles Coutant, Marion Fournier, Christelle Jouannaud, Patrick Soulie, Florence Lerebours, Paul-Henri Cottu, Olivier Tredan, Laurence Vanlemmens, Christelle Levy, Marie-Ange Mouret-Reynier, Mario Campone, Keri J S Brady, Medha Sasane, Megan Rice, Catherine
Background Many patients receiving adjuvant endocrine therapy (ET) for breast cancer experience side effects and reduced quality of life (QoL) and discontinue ET. We sought to describe these issues and develop a prediction model of early discontinuation of ET. Methods Among patients with hormone receptor–positive and HER2-negative stage I-III breast cancer of the Cancer Toxicities cohort (NCT01993498)
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Counts, incidence rates, and trends of pediatric cancer in the United States, 2003-2019 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-11 David A Siegel, Jessica B King, Philip J Lupo, Eric B Durbin, Eric Tai, Kathi Mills, Elizabeth Van Dyne, Natasha Buchanan Lunsford, S Jane Henley, Reda J Wilson
Background Cancer is a leading cause of death by disease among children and adolescents in the United States. This study updates cancer incidence rates and trends using the most recent and comprehensive US cancer registry data available. Methods We used data from US Cancer Statistics to evaluate counts, age-adjusted incidence rates, and trends among children and adolescents aged <20 years diagnosed
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Disparities in Breast Cancer Patients with Disabilities: Care Gaps, Accessibility, and Best Practices J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-08 Grace Keegan, John-Ross Rizzo, Kathie-Ann Joseph
Significant disparities exist in detecting and treating breast cancer in women with disabilities, leading to cancer detection at advanced stages. This paper provides an overview of disparities for women with disabilities related to breast cancer screening and care, primarily focusing on significant mobility disabilities. Current care gaps include screening barriers related to accessibility and inequitable
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The Decision Aid is the Easy Part: Workflow Challenges of Shared Decision-Making in Cancer Care J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-08 Megan E Salwei, Jessica S Ancker, Matthew B Weinger
Delivering high-quality, patient-centered cancer care remains a challenge. Both the National Academy of Medicine and the American Society of Clinical Oncology recommend shared decision-making to improve patient-centered care. However, widespread adoption of shared decision-making into clinical care has been limited. Shared decision-making is a process in which a patient and the patient’s health care
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Unequal Racial Distribution of Immunotherapy for Late-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-08 Annie Chang, Raja M Flores, Emanuela Taioli
Immunotherapy has increased survival for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), especially for those diagnosed with late-stage disease. However, it is not known if its use is equally distributed across races. We assessed immunotherapy use in 21,098 pathologically confirmed stage IV NSCLC according to race in the Surveillance Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Medicare linked dataset. Multivariable models
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Cancer survivors’ health behaviors and outcomes: A population-based study of sexual and gender minorities J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-07 Ulrike Boehmer, Shine Chang, Nelson F Sanchez, Bill M Jesdale, Matthew B Schabath
Background Most case-control studies compare cancer survivors to general population controls without considering sexual orientation or gender identity. This case-control analysis compared health risk behaviors and health outcomes among sexual and gender minority (SGM) cancer survivors to those of matched SGM non-cancer controls. Methods Using data from the 2014-2021 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance
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Leveraging national and global political determinants of health to promote equity in cancer care J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-05 Edward Christopher Dee, Michelle Ann B Eala, Janine Patricia G Robredo, Duvern Ramiah, Anne Hubbard, Frances Dominique V Ho, Richard Sullivan, Ajay Aggarwal, Christopher Booth, Gerardo D Legaspi, Paul L Nguyen, C S Pramesh, Surbhi Grover
Health and politics are deeply intertwined. In the context of national and global cancer care delivery, political forces –the political determinants of health—influence every level of the cancer care continuum. We explore the “three-i” framework—which structures the upstream political forces that impact policy choices in the context of actors’ interests, ideas, and institutions—to examine how political
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Total neoadjuvant therapy with or without aflibercept in rectal cancer: Three-year results of GEMCAD-1402 J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-05 David Pesántez, Sanne ten Hoorn, Isidro Machado, Xabier García-Albéniz, Nuria Rodríguez-Salas, Victoria Heredia-Soto, David Viñal, Carles Pericay, Rocio García-Carbonero, Ferran Losa, Vicente Alonso, Ruth Vera, Jaime Feliu Batlle, Javier Gallego, Antonieta Salud, Miquel Nogué, Laura Layos, Clara Montagut, Jaume Capdevila, Louis Vermeulen, Joan Maurel, Carlos Fernandez-Martos
Background The results of the GEMCAD-1402 phase II randomized trial suggested that adding aflibercept to modified FOLFOX6 (mFOLFOX6) induction, followed by chemoradiation and surgery, could increase the pathological complete response (pCR) rate in patients with high-risk, locally advanced rectal cancer. Here we update results up to 3 years of follow-up and evaluate the predictive value of consensus
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Centering patients with advanced cancer includes supporting their caregivers. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-03 Erin E Kent
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Cumulative incidence of anal cancer since HIV or AIDS diagnosis in the United States J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-03 Cameron B Haas, Eric A Engels, Marie-Josèphe Horner, Ruth Pfeiffer, Qianlai Luo, Aimée Kreimer, Joel M Palefsky, Meredith Shiels
Treatment of screen-detected anal high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions has been shown to effectively reduce the incidence of invasive anal cancer in people with HIV (PWH). We provide population-based estimates of cumulative incidence of anal cancer by risk group and age at HIV and/or AIDS diagnosis. The 0–10-year cumulative incidence of anal cancer for men who have sex with men (MSM) aged <30
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Effect of Treatment Interruptions on Overall Survival in Patients with Triple Negative Breast Cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-07-03 Ronald Chow, Shaakir Hasan, J Isabelle Choi, Jana Fox, Arpit M Chhabra, Deborah C Marshall, Richard L Bakst, Charles B Simone
Introduction Currently, there are no data regarding the impact of treatment interruptions during radiotherapy for breast cancer. In this study, we examine the correlation between treatment interruptions during radiotherapy and outcomes in triple negative breast cancer patients. Methods 35,845 patients with triple-negative breast cancer treated between 2010 and 2014 were identified and analyzed from
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The PD-L1 interactome demonstrates bidirectional signaling coordinating immune suppression and cancer progression in HNSCC J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-30 Cera Nieto, Bettina Miller, Nathaniel Alzofon, Tugy Chimed, Jack Himes, Molishree Joshi, Karina Gomez, Farshad N Chowdhury, Phuong N Le, Alice Weaver, Hilary Somerset, J Jason Morton, Jing H Wang, Xiao-Jing Wang, Dexiang Gao, Kirk Hansen, Stephen B Keysar, Antonio Jimeno
The programmed death receptor 1 (PD-1) and ligand (PD-L1) are validated cancer targets; however, emerging mechanisms and impact of PD-L1 intracellular signaling on cancer behavior are poorly understood. PD-L1 intracellular signaling increased clonogenicity, motility, and invasiveness in multiple head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) models, and PD-1 binding enhanced these effects. Protein:
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Evaluating Relapse-Free Survival as an Endpoint for Overall Survival in Adjuvant Immunotherapy Trials J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-29 Yuanfang Li, Shuqiang Yuan, Yingbo Chen, Man Nie, Jibin Li, Guoming Chen, Xiaojiang Chen, Ruopeng Zhang, Ziqi Zheng, Chengzhi Wei, Zhiwei Zhou, Runcong Nie, Yun Wang
Background Relapse-free survival (RFS) has been considered a primary endpoint to assess the effects of immunotherapy in the adjuvant setting among patients with early-stage disease. However, it is not clear whether RFS is a valid surrogate endpoint for OS in this clinical context. Methods Phase 2 or phase 3 clinical trials of adjuvant immunotherapy that reported hazard ratios on OS and RFS were identified
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Obesity and prostate cancer screening, incidence, and mortality in the PLCO Cancer Screening Trial J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-29 Lauren M Hurwitz, Nadine Dogbe, Kathryn Hughes Barry, Stella Koutros, Sonja I Berndt
Background Though obesity, measured by body mass index (BMI), is an established risk factor for several cancer sites, there is conflicting evidence on whether obesity increases prostate cancer risk or mortality, and if it does, whether it increases risk directly or indirectly by affecting prostate cancer screening efficacy. Methods We examined associations between BMI and prostate cancer screening
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Decreasing Incidence of Conjunctival Squamous Cell Carcinoma in People with HIV in South Africa J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-28 Carole Metekoua, Yann Ruffieux, Victor Olago, Tafadzwa Dhokotera, Matthias Egger, Julia Bohlius, Eliane Rohner, Mazvita Muchengeti
BACKGROUND The main risk factors for squamous cell carcinoma of the conjunctiva (SCCC) are immunodeficiency and exposure to ultraviolet radiation. Little is known about the SCCC epidemiology among people with HIV (PWH) in South Africa. METHODS We used data from the South African HIV Cancer Match study, a nation-wide cohort of PWH in South Africa, created through a privacy-preserving probabilistic record
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Contralateral breast cancer risk in irradiated breast cancer patients with a germline-BRCA1/2 pathogenic variant. J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-27 Mark van Barele,Delal Akdeniz,Bernadette A M Heemskerk-Gerritsen,,Nadine Andrieu,Catherine Noguès,,Christi J van Asperen,Marijke Wevers,Margreet G E M Ausems,Geertruida H de Bock,Charlotte J Dommering,Encarnacion B Gómez-García,Flora E van Leeuwen,Thea M Mooij,,Douglas F Easton,Antonis C Antoniou,D Gareth Evans,Louise Izatt,Marc Tischkowitz,Debra Frost,Carole Brewer,Edit Olah,Jacques Simard,Christian
BACKGROUND Radiation-induced secondary breast cancer may be a concern after radiotherapy for primary breast cancer (PBC), especially in young germline (g)BRCA-associated breast cancer patients with already high contralateral breast cancer (CBC) risk and potentially increased genetic susceptibility to radiation. AIM To investigate whether adjuvant radiotherapy for PBC increases the risk of CBC in gBRCA1/2-associated
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Circulating Proteome for Pulmonary Nodule Malignancy J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-27 Elham Khodayari Moez, Matthew T Warkentin, Yonathan Brhane, Stephen Lam, John K Field, Geoffrey Liu, Javier J Zulueta, Karmele Valencia, Miguel Mesa-Guzman, Andrea Pasquier Nialet, Sukhinder Atkar-Khattra, Michael P A Davies, Benjamin Grant, Kiera Murison, Luis M Montuenga, Christopher I Amos, Hilary A Robbins, Mattias Johansson, Rayjean J Hung
Background While lung cancer screening with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) is rolling out in many areas of the world, differentiating indeterminate pulmonary nodules remains a major challenge. We conducted one of the first systematic investigations of circulating protein markers to differentiate malignant versus benign screen-detected pulmonary nodules. Methods Based on four international LDCT
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The Room Where It Happens: Addressing Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in NCTN Clinical Trial Leadership J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-26 Rebecca A Snyder, Barbara Burtness, May Cho, Jaydira Del Rivero, Deborah B Doroshow, Kathryn E Hitchcock, Aparna Kalyan, Christina A Kim, Jelena Lukovic, Aparna R Parikh, Nina N Sanford, Bhuminder Singh, Chan Shen, Rachna T Shroff, Namrata Vijayvergia, Karyn A Goodman, Pamela L Kunz
Many multicenter randomized clinical trials in oncology are conducted through the National Clinical Trials Network (NCTN), an organization consisting of five cooperative groups. These groups are comprised of multidisciplinary investigators who work collaboratively to conduct trials that test novel therapies and establish best practice for cancer care. Unfortunately, significant disparities in clinical
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Symptoms and early-onset colorectal cancer: red flags are common flags! J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-24 Timothy Yen,Swati G Patel
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Emerging insights into ethnic-specific TP53 germline variants J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-23 Nicholas W Fischer, Yu-Heng Vivian Ma, Jean Gariépy
The recent expansion of human genomics repositories has facilitated the discovery of novel TP53 variants in populations of different ethnic origins. Interpreting TP53 variants is a major clinical challenge as they are functionally diverse, confer highly variable predisposition to cancer (including elusive low-penetrance alleles), and interact with genetic modifiers that alter tumor susceptibility.
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Radiation dose, schedule and novel systemic targets for radio-immunotherapy combinations J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-23 Lilit Karapetyan, Uzoma K Iheagwara, Adam C Olson, Steven J Chmura, Heath K Skinner, Jason J Luke
Immunotherapy combinations are being investigated to expand the benefit of immune- checkpoint blockade across many cancer types. Radiation combinations, in particular using stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), are of keen interest due to underlying mechanistic rationale, safety, and availability as a standard of care in certain cancers. In addition to direct tumor cytotoxicity, radiation therapy
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Medicaid Expansion and Racial Disparity in Timely Multidisciplinary Treatment in Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-14 Changchuan Jiang, Stuthi Perimbeti, Lei Deng, Jiazhang Xing, Gurkamal S Chatta, Xuesong Han, Dharmesh Gopalakrishnan
Background Multidisciplinary cancer care (neoadjuvant chemotherapy+radical cystectomy (NAC+RC) or trimodality treatment (TMT)) is crucial for outcome of muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC), a potentially curable illness. Medicaid expansion through Affordable Care Act (ACA) increased insurance coverage especially among patients of racial minorities. This study aims to investigate the association between
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Interventions to Improve Outcomes for Caregivers of Patients with Advanced Cancer: a Meta-Analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-09 Ronald Chow, Jean J Mathews, Emily YiQin Cheng, Samantha Lo, Joanne Wong, Sorayya Alam, Breffni Hannon, Gary Rodin, Rinat Nissim, Sarah Hales, Dio Kavalieratos, Kieran L Quinn, George Tomlinson, Camilla Zimmermann
BACKGROUND Family caregivers of patients with advanced cancer often have poor quality of life (QOL) and mental health. We examined the effectiveness of interventions offering support for caregivers of patients with advanced cancer on caregiver QOL and mental health outcomes. METHODS We searched Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, and CINAHL databases from inception through 6/2021. Eligible studies
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Financial outcomes of Adolescent and Young Adult cancer survivors: a longitudinal population-based registry study J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-09 Ties M Siebinga, Silvie H M Janssen, Anke W Boumans, Mies C van Eenbergen, Bettina Siflinger, Winette T A van der Graaf, Olga Husson
Background The patterns and determinants of long-term income among adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer survivors, and the differences compared to peers, have not yet been fully explored. This study investigated the long-term effects of cancer on the income of AYA cancer survivors. Methods The Netherlands Cancer Registry identified all AYA cancer patients (18-39 years) diagnosed in 2013 and alive
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Partial Breast Irradiation Compared with Whole Breast Irradiation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis J. Natl. Cancer Inst. (IF 10.3) Pub Date : 2023-06-08 Dean A Shumway, Kimberly S Corbin, Magdoleen H Farah, Kelly E Viola, Tarek Nayfeh, Samer Saadi, Vishal Shah, Bashar Hasan, Sahrish Shah, Khaled Mohammed, Irbaz Bin Riaz, Larry J Prokop, M Hassan Murad, Zhen Wang
Background Early stage-breast cancer is among the most common cancer diagnoses. Adjuvant radiotherapy is an essential component of breast conserving therapy, and several options exist for tailoring its extent and duration. This study assesses the comparative effectiveness of partial breast irradiation (PBI) compared with whole breast irradiation (WBI). Methods A systematic review was completed to identify