Recent findings have spotlighted sarcopenia as a critical factor exacerbating cardiovascular risk in dialysis patients. However, no studies have investigated the relationship of muscle characteristics with thoracic aortic calcification (TAC). We explored whether skeletal muscle radiodensity (SMD) and skeletal muscle index (SMI) are associated with TAC in dialysis patients.

I read with great interest the article ‘Risk of Sarcopenia Following Long-Term Statin Use in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Japan’ by Huang et al. [1]. Although the study addresses a topic of significant clinical relevance, I would like to express concerns regarding two critical methodological aspects that may affect the internal validity of the findings. First, the article reported

We write to highlight a potential issue in the estimation of appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASM) in studies based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). In recent years, numerous studies based on the CHARLS database have been published, with a significant number focusing on sarcopenia. A PubMed search reveals that over 94 sarcopenia-related articles based on CHARLS data

BackgroundEvidence suggests that high body fat and low muscle mass may increase the risk of fragility fractures. However, current fracture risk models, which largely rely on body mass index (BMI), may not fully capture these compositional factors. We recommend integrating additional body composition variables into fracture risk calculators to improve accuracy. Previously, we described partial body

Older adults typically exhibit reductions in skeletal muscle maximal strength and the ability to produce force rapidly. These reductions are often augmented by concomitant acute and chronic diseases, resulting in attenuated physical performance and higher propensity of falls and injuries. With the proportion of older adults in the population increasing, there is an alarming need for cost‐effective

The proliferation of observational and interventional research in the fields of sports medicine and orthopaedics has resulted in a rapid expansion of available knowledge. However, as the volume of evidence has increased, so has the number of independent investigators leading to the collection and storage of small, granular datasets by individual labs during routine research.1 There are growing concerns

As a junior doctor in my fourth year of radiology training, work plays an outsized role in my life—and there never seem to be enough hours in the day to complete all my tasks. For a long time, I survived on oven pizza and regularly skipped exercise, lacking the time, energy, motivation—or often all three. Over 4 years of specialisation, I had fallen into a routine where engaging in physical activity

The absence of agreed methods to diagnose Achilles tendinopathy impedes research and clinical practice. This gap results in heterogeneous and/or poorly described study samples, making it challenging to apply findings in clinical practice. The aim of this Delphi study was to define consensus on (1) diagnostic domains; (2) differential diagnoses; and (3) conditions requiring further medical attention

The Popeye domain containing 3 (POPDC3) protein is essential for the maintenance of skeletal muscle homeostasis. POPDC3 is a pathogenic variant gene of limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD), and its variants lead to LGMDR26. At the animal level, zebrafish larvae with popdc3 mutations develop tail curls and muscle atrophy. However, the mechanism of skeletal muscle atrophy induced by POPDC3 variants/loss

Transcriptional intermediary factor 1γ (TIF1γ) is a negative regulator of TGF-β1 signalling and has been associated with patient survival in renal cell carcinoma. However, its role in diabetes mellitus (DM), particularly in diabetic nephropathy (DN), remains unclear. DN is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD). We investigated the potential role of TIF1γ in mitigating multiple DM-related

BackgroundCancer cachexia, affecting up to 80% of patients with cancer, is characterized by muscle and fat loss with functional decline. Preclinical research seeks to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying cachexia to identify potential targets. Housing laboratory mice at ambient temperature induces cold stress, triggering thermogenic activity and metabolic adaptations. Yet, the impact of housing

BackgroundGlioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumour in adults. Patients with GBM are particularly susceptible to moderate‐to‐high frail. Frailty status has been associated with the outcome of many types of cancer, including GBM, although there is still little consensus regarding the specific criteria for assessing frailty status. This study aimed to determine the predictive

BackgroundDespite the high prevalence of malnutrition in acutely ill older patients, nutritional status is rarely assessed in emergency departments (EDs), and the impact of nutritional risk screening on functional recovery is poorly understood. This study aimed to investigate the association between nutritional parameters and a range of outcomes in older patients admitted through the ED.MethodsA prospective

Peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) donation is the primary procedure used to collect haemopoietic stem cells (HSCs) for transplantation in individuals with haematological malignancies. More than 90,000 HSC transplants take place globally each year, and there is an increasing need to guarantee HSC mobilisation, improve tolerability to apheresis, and optimise immune reconstitution. Currently, mobilisation

BackgroundAlthough sarcopenia and insulin resistance are closely related, there is limited evidence regarding how they interact to influence mortality across different population groups. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between skeletal muscle mass and insulin resistance and its impact on mortality and cardiovascular disease risk using large‐scale national data from Korea and

We read with great interest the recent article by Fujie et al. [1] published in your esteemed journal. The study provides valuable insights into the effects of moderate-to-high-intensity resistance training (RT) combined with high-protein intake (steamed chicken breast) on arterial stiffness, muscle mass, strength and quality in elderly women. However, we would like to highlight several limitations

BackgroundG protein–coupled receptor 40 (GPR40) acts as a modulator of various physiological functions, including glycaemic lowering, anti‐inflammation and antioxidative stress, in several tissues. However, the role of GPR40 in skeletal muscles remains unclear.MethodsTo investigate the roles of muscle GPR40, C2C12 myoblasts and myotubes were stimulated with palmitate and HD6277, a GPR40 agonist. Muscle

Background: The utilization of new pitch-tracking metrics has driven player development and provides more predictive pitch-specific data on physical characteristics and performance. Given the differences in each pitcher's arsenal, these pitch-specific metrics provide new potential variables to investigate ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury risk. Purpose: To evaluate the association of several pitch-specific

Background: Multiple techniques have been utilized to measure posterior tibial slope (PTS) without consensus on which imaging modality, view, and axis combination is most consistent for risk assessment and preoperative planning in primary and revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) surgery. An exclusively proximal-based measurement of PTS has yet to be defined. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of

Background: Patients with posterolateral rotational instability (PLRI) of the elbow exhibit a higher degree of joint incongruence on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) than patients without PLRI. However, the influence of joint hypermobility and position of the elbow in healthy participants is yet unknown. Purpose: To analyze the influence of general hypermobility and elbow joint position on joint congruence

Background: A steep posterior tibial slope (PTS) and excessive anterior tibial subluxation of the lateral compartment (ASLC) have been considered to be associated with inferior graft outcomes in primary anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR). Case series studies have demonstrated that combined slope-reducing tibial osteotomy can greatly improve knee functional scores and stability in

Background Using directly measured cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e. VO2max) in epidemiological/population studies is rare due to practicality issues. As such, predicting VO2max is an attractive alternative. Most equations that predict VO2max adopt additive rather than multiplicative models despite evidence that the latter provides superior fits and more biologically interpretable models. Furthermore

BackgroundSkeletal muscle function and mass continuously decrease during aging. Most studies target limb muscles owing to their direct impact on mobility and falls risk. The diaphragm (DIA), also a type of skeletal muscle with different phenotype, has received less attention. Comparative research of the DIA and limb muscles can reveal their distinct aging characteristics. Critically, the potential

Post-exercise recovery strategies influence the body’s ability to restore physiological homeostasis, replenish energy stores, repair muscle damage, and promote desired adaptations, which improve exercise performance. This narrative review examines the impact of nutritional strategies commonly used for enhancing recovery and subsequent exercise performance, particularly when athletes face short recovery

Background Soccer requires players to cover distances around 10–12 km, with numerous consecutive sprints throughout the 90-min game. As such, aerobic fitness and repeated sprint ability (RSA) are crucial physical qualities for the modern soccer player to cope with the demands of the game. However, a comprehensive and systematic search of aerobic fitness and RSA assessment procedures in elite soccer

Background Concerns exist about the prevalence of abuse directed towards sports officials and its impact on their mental health; however, sports officiating can also be a rewarding experience. Objectives The present study aimed to identify the frequency and determinants of both positive (e.g. praise, appreciation, apologies) and negative (e.g. verbal abuse, physical abuse, social media abuse) officiating

BackgroundNon‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) may influence musculoskeletal health. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of three different NSAIDS: naproxen sodium, ibuprofen, flurbiprofen or a placebo on musculoskeletal adaptations in rodents with or without 6 weeks of aerobic exercise.MethodsNine‐week‐old male Wistar rats (n = 80) were randomized to either exercise (EX)

BackgroundFasting shows promise for public health, but concerns about muscle loss hinder its acceptance, particularly among the elderly. We explored the impact of long‐term fasting (12 days, 250 kcal/day) on muscle structure, metabolism and performance.MethodsWe prospectively assessed muscle volume, composition, relaxometry data and lipid metabolism in 32 subjects (16 men; 50% over 50 years old) before

Background: Ankle sprains in American football resulting from external rotation and eversion (EE) mechanisms remain a persistent injury that often involves player-to-player contact. Currently, there is little research that describes the frequency or source of this contact in American football and what scenarios are responsible for these injuries across different player positions. Purpose: To identify

Background: One-fifth of patients with femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) have bilateral symptoms. Performing bilateral hip arthroscopy on the same day minimizes the overall rehabilitation period compared with staged bilateral surgery, but most studies of outcomes from simultaneous surgery are in small cohorts. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to compare clinical outcome and revision rates between

Background: The superficial medial collateral ligament (sMCL) is commonly injured, with treatment varying based on associated injuries, tear grade, and location. However, the prevalence of different tear locations and the predictors of tear types have not been studied. Purpose: To evaluate the interrater and intrarater reliability for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)–based sMCL classification system

BackgroundAge‐related primary sarcopenia and end‐stage renal disease (ESRD)–related muscle wasting are discrete entities; however, both manifest as a decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength. The etiological pathways differ, with aging factors implicated in sarcopenia and a combination of uremic factors, including haemodialysis, contributing to ESRD‐related muscle wasting. Understanding these molecular

BackgroundWeight loss achieved via energy restriction leads to significant losses in muscle and bone mass, potentially increasing risk for sarcopenia and osteoporosis. High‐intensity resistance and impact training (HiRIT) might attenuate weight loss–induced musculoskeletal declines. Our objective was to compare changes in physical function and body composition in older adults with obesity undertaking

BackgroundLoss of skeletal muscle mass and systemic inflammation may offer prognostic value in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA). The longitudinal progression of abnormal body composition parameters and their determinants is poorly reported. Statins are widely used medications that improve the prognosis of cardiovascular disease and interact with both muscle tissue and systemic inflammation

This PhD thesis aimed: (i) to assess the validity of the sit-to-stand (STS) muscle power test and compare it with other equations available in the literature; (ii) to investigate the functional implications of having low relative STS power (ie, normalised by body mass) in older individuals with and without Parkinson’s disease (PD); (iii) to assess longitudinal changes in relative STS power and its

Application of ‘blood flow restriction’ (BFR) to the limbs at rest, during exercise or in combination with adjunct interventions (eg, electrical muscle stimulation, whole-body vibration) has emerged as a technique to improve health, performance, rehabilitation and recovery outcomes in healthy, clinical and high-performing populations (eg, military personnel, athletes and astronauts). This technique

It is now well-established that exercise can disturb various aspects of gastrointestinal integrity and function. The pathophysiology of these perturbations, termed “exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome (EIGS),” can lead to exercise-associated gastrointestinal symptom (Ex-GIS) inconveniences. EIGS outcomes can impact physical performance and may lead to clinical manifestation warranting medical

BackgroundMultiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common haematological malignancy. The predominantly older patients often suffer from comorbidities that impair their quality of life (QoL). Physical activity (PA) can be beneficial for cancer patients, but less evidence exists in MM. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) compared an exercise group with World Health Organization (WHO)–compliant PA

BackgroundCisplatin is a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for treating solid tumours. Still, it induces severe side effects, including muscle atrophy. Understanding the mechanisms of cisplatin‐induced muscle loss and exploring potential therapeutic strategies are essential. Parvalbumin (PV) interneurons in the striatum play a crucial role in motor control, and recent studies suggest that their activation

BackgroundLittle is known about the joint associations between trajectories of frailty and depression with cognitive function. This study aims to explore the multitrajectories of frailty and depression and their joint impact on cognition.MethodsA total of 8600 participants from the Health and Retirement Study (HRS) (1996–2018) were analysed using a group‐based trajectory model for 10‐year multitrajectories

BackgroundEmerging evidence suggests that dietary choline is a modifiable nutritional factor linked to various health outcomes. However, most existing studies have focused on isolated health conditions, lacking a comprehensive assessment of overall health status. This study aimed to investigate the association between total dietary choline intake and frailty incidence among Chinese adults, considering

BackgroundHealthy ageing relies on maintaining physiological systems, particularly the musculoskeletal system (MKS). After 50, declines in bone density, muscle mass and strength increase the risk of osteoporosis and sarcopenia, leading to frailty, fractures and higher healthcare costs. Osteosarcopenia, combining osteoporosis and sarcopenia, is rising because of the ageing population. Chronic kidney

Background: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries are common in female basketball players, who have a 2 to 3 times higher risk for an ACL injury than their male counterparts. Improving our understanding of the situations and biomechanics that result in an ACL injury in basketball players may support the design of more effective programs to mitigate the injury risk. Purpose: To describe the injury

BackgroundThere is a dearth of screening tools for cardiorespiratory disease and fracture risk, such as risk prediction models, for adults with cerebral palsy (CP). There is heterogeneity of pathophysiology related to the severity of CP and aging, such that a suite of risk prediction models may be needed. Differentiating by sarcopenia versus frailty syndromes may be a useful, physiologic‐based framework

BackgroundCachexia is a severe form of muscle wasting disorder particularly observed in patients with advanced cancer. The absence of effective strategies to ameliorate cachexia indicates our poor understanding of the mechanisms of cachexia. By employing system‐wide approaches, we investigated molecular mechanisms underlying cancer secreted pro‐inflammatory cytokine‐induced cachexia (CIC).MethodsAs

BackgroundProgrammed cell death plays a critical role in skeletal muscle atrophy. Ferroptosis, an iron‐dependent form of programmed cell death driven by lipid peroxidation, has been implicated in various diseases, but its role in skeletal muscle atrophy remains unclear.MethodsFerroptosis in skeletal muscle atrophy was investigated using two models: dexamethasone (Dex)‐induced atrophy (n = 6 independent

Background Static stretching (SS) is routinely used in sports and clinical settings to increase joint range of motion (ROM). However, the mechanisms underlying improvements in ROM remain unclear. Objective We aimed to determine the effects of a single session (acute) and multiple sessions (chronic) of SS on stretch tolerance, passive stiffness and fascicle length, and whether such effects are moderated

Sudden cardiac death is the leading medical cause of death among football players. Determining the optimal cardiac screening, the use of carefully selected medical assessments to detect underlying cardiovascular conditions associated with sudden cardiac arrest/death, is a desired objective of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) for football players of all ages. To date, cardiac

BackgroundAround 80% of patients with advanced cancer have cancer cachexia (CC), a serious complication for which there are currently no FDA‐approved treatments. Nuciferine (NF) is the main active ingredient of lotus leaf, which has anti‐inflammatory, anti‐tumour and other effects. The purpose of this work was to explore the target and mechanism of NF in preventing cancer cachexia‐induced muscle atrophy

BackgroundVisceral obesity (VO), associated with excessive visceral adipose tissue (VAT), has been extensively studied in cancer. However, whether low VAT can predict the prognosis of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) remains unknown.MethodsThis multicentre real‐world cohort study analysed data from initially resectable CRLM patients who received NAC. The

BackgroundMetabolic syndrome (MetS) is a set of five cardiometabolic risk factors that typically worsen with age. One exercise‐training programme is effective at improving those factors in middle‐aged individuals with MetS. To our knowledge, exercise‐training efficacy as MetS individuals age has not been explored. This study determined the effectiveness of a periodized exercise training programme for

Inadequacies in the conduct and quality of research are well established across many research domains, including sport science and medicine. Metaresearch—the practice of performing research on research—is presented as a practical vehicle for improving research quality through evaluating the research processes. This article introduces the concept of metaresearch to sport as a new sub-field of sport

Objective The aim was to synthesise international-level sport policies for pregnant, postpartum or parenting high-performance athletes in order to understand what policies currently exist and to identify policy gaps to be addressed. Design Scoping review. Data sources Online databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, SPORTDiscuss, Evidence-Based Medicine Reviews (Ovid), Scopus, Web of Science and ClinicalTrials

Retirement from sport can elicit significant psychological distress, particularly when unexpected; however, it is unknown whether former athletes experience poorer mental health and worse sleep than currently competing athletes.1 Therefore, the aim of this PhD project was to understand the risk prevalence of sleep and mental health disorders in diverse samples of current and former athletes. Doing

Je Bouge Pour Mon Moral is a French not-for-profit organisation founded in 2021. It is dedicated to supporting individuals suffering from mental health disorders through regular physical activity. The organisation aims to improve the mental well-being of its participants by combining exercise and social connection. Mental health is a major issue in France, affecting 13 million people each year. In

My PhD investigated the effects of resistance training (RT) on physiological, molecular and clinical profile in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This work encompassed six studies, including randomised controlled trials,1 2 epidemiological analyses,3–5 and an umbrella review,6 exploring the role of muscle mass and exercise in preserving renal function and improving health outcomes in patients

BackgroundGlucocorticoid therapy has a beneficial effect in several diseases, but chronic treatment has adverse effects, including muscle atrophy, which refers to the gradual decrease in muscle mass, size and strength. It is important to know how the muscle atrophy occurs, but the underlying mechanism is not yet fully understood. This study shows that dexamethasone decreases levels of the transcriptional

BackgroundFalls constitute a significant public health concern among older adults, particularly those with diminished muscle health integrity. The relative contributions of reduced muscle mass versus impaired muscle function to fall risk remain debated. Discrepant conclusions in previous studies exist due to divergent muscle health categorizations and parameter measurements. This study investigated

BackgroundMaternal obesity (MO) impairs fetal skeletal muscle development, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined. The regulatory roles of lncRNA H19 and its first exon derived microRNA675 (miR675) in prenatal muscle development remain to be examined. H19/Igf2 are in the same imprinting cluster with H19 expressed from the maternal allele while Igf2 expresses paternally. H19 contains a