The prevalence of sarcopenia is markedly higher in kidney transplant candidates than in the general population. It is a syndrome characterized by progressive and generalized loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength, which increases the risk of adverse postoperative outcomes.

Metabolic acidosis unfavourably influences the nutritional status of patients with non-dialysis dependent chronic kidney disease (CKD) including the loss of muscle mass and functionality, but the benefits of correction are uncertain. We investigated the effects of correcting metabolic acidosis on nutritional status in patients with CKD in a systematic review and meta-analysis. A search was conducted

Cancer and its treatment can adversely affect skeletal muscle, impacting physical function, treatment response and survival. No studies, however, have comprehensively characterized these muscle adaptations longitudinally in human patients at the cellular level.

Sarcopenia and frailty are both age-related declines in functional reserve that are linked to adverse health outcomes. It is critical to know about the outcomes of a combination of these conditions. The study aimed to investigate the effects of sarcopenia and frailty on postoperative recovery in elderly patients and to explore risk factors.

The prognostic significance of non-cancer-related prognostic factors, such as body composition, has gained extensive attention in oncological research. Compared with sarcopenia, the prognostic significance of adipose tissue for overall survival in non-small cell lung cancer remains unclear. We investigated the prognostic value of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in patients with non-small cell lung

Skeletal muscle mass and quality assessed by computed tomography (CT) images of the third lumbar vertebra (L3) level have been established as risk factors for poor clinical outcomes in several illnesses, but the relevance for dialysis patients is unclear. A few studies have suggested a correlation between CT-determined skeletal muscle mass and quality at the first lumbar vertebra (L1) level and adverse

Age-related muscle decline (sarcopenia) associates with numerous health risk factors and poor quality of life. Drugs that counter sarcopenia without harmful side effects are lacking, and repurposing existing pharmaceuticals could expedite realistic clinical options. Recent studies suggest bisphosphonates promote muscle health; however, the efficacy of bisphosphonates as an anti-sarcopenic therapy is

Objective Vertical jump tests are more sensitive in revealing asymmetries in performance metrics at the time of return to sport after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction (ACLR) than horizontal hop tests. However, it remains unclear which vertical tests (bilateral or unilateral) and which metrics (kinetics or performance) are most effective in informing the rehabilitation status and readiness

I evaluated the importance of hip joint imaging findings in young adult football (Australian football and soccer) players with longstanding hip and/or groin pain (HGP). Participation in football is associated with increased odds of developing hip osteoarthritis (OA) in later life.1 The path towards OA may commence early in the lifespan of a football player, but studies of young adult football players

Objective To use individual patient data (IPD) to investigate if the effect of pain on sports-related disability is mediated through physical (lower extremity isometric strength) or psychological (depression/anxiety and knee confidence) factors in adolescents with non-traumatic anterior knee pain. Methods This study included four datasets from a previously harmonised IPD dataset. Prior to analysis

Objective Using a biopsychosocial framework and the three-factor fatigue model, we aimed to (1) plot recovery of fatigue over the 3 months following paediatric concussion and (2) explore factors associated with persisting fatigue during the first 3 months postconcussion. Methods 240 children and adolescents aged 5–18 years (M=11.64, SD=3.16) completed assessments from time of injury to 3 months postinjury

New and emerging technologies have re-engineered healthcare delivery for a post-COVID-19 world.1 Rapid advances in artificial intelligence (AI) and their integration into existing tech-based, healthcare delivery platforms are set to further transform our ability to digitally reach, meet and treat people for a wide range of chronic disease conditions and risk factors.2 In this editorial, we consider

1-01 Growth of GL261 glioblastoma tumours induced delayed body weight gain and stunted skeletal muscle growth in paediatric mice Joshua R. Huot1, Nicholas A. Jamnick2, Patrick D. Livingston2, Fabrizio Pin1 and Andrea Bonetto2 1Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology & Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; 2Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical

Investigators are increasingly measuring skeletal muscle (SM) and adipose tissue (AT) change during cancer treatment to understand impact on patient outcomes. Recent meta-analyses have reported high heterogeneity in this literature, representing uncertainty in the resulting estimates. Using the setting of palliative-intent chemotherapy as an exemplar, we aimed to systematically summarize the sources

Radiation-induced muscle pathology, characterized by muscle atrophy and fibrotic tissue accumulation, is the most common debilitating late effect of therapeutic radiation exposure particularly in juvenile cancer survivors. In healthy muscle, fibro/adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are required for muscle maintenance and regeneration, while in muscle pathology FAPs are precursors for exacerbated extracellular

In cancer cachexia trials, measures of physical function are commonly used as endpoints. For drug trials to obtain regulatory approval, efficacy in physical function endpoints may be needed alongside other measures. However, it is not clear which physical function endpoints should be used. The aim of this systematic review was to assess the frequency and diversity of physical function endpoints in

Caveolins are the principal structural components of plasma membrane caveolae. Dominant pathogenic mutations in the muscle-specific caveolin-3 (Cav3) gene isoform, such as the limb girdle muscular dystrophy type 1C (LGMD-1C) P104L mutation, result in dramatic loss of the Cav3 protein and pathophysiological muscle weakness/wasting. We hypothesize that such muscle degeneration may be linked to disturbances

Observational studies have demonstrated a strong bidirectional association between frailty and depression, but it remains unclear whether this association reflects causality. This study aimed to examine the bidirectional causal relationship between frailty and depression.

Chronic diseases often lead to metabolic disorders, causing anabolic resistance and increased energy consumption, which result in cachexia. Cachexia, in turn, can lead to major clinical consequences such as impaired quality of life, shortened life expectancy, and increased healthcare expenditure. Existing international diagnostic criteria for cachexia employ thresholds derived from Western populations

Traditionally, weight loss (WL) trials utilize dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) to measure lean mass. This method assumes lean mass, as the sum of all non-bone and non-fat tissue, is a reasonable proxy for muscle mass. In contrast, the D3-creatine (D3Cr) dilution method directly measures whole body skeletal muscle mass, although this method has yet to be applied in the context of a geriatric

Combating malnutrition and cachexia is a core challenge in oncology. To limit muscle mass loss, the use of proteins in cancer is encouraged by experts in the field, but it is still debated due to their antagonist effects. Indeed, a high protein intake could preserve lean body mass but may promote tumour growth, whereas a low-protein diet could reduce tumour size but without addressing cachexia. Here

The warm-up is considered beneficial for increasing body temperature, stimulating the neuromuscular system and overall preparing the athletes for the demands of training sessions and competitions. Even when warm-up–derived benefits are slight and transient, they may still benefit preparedness for subsequent efforts. However, sports training and competition performance are highly affected by contextual

Pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) is an umbrella term including a myriad of conditions including urinary and anal incontinence, pelvic organ prolapse, pelvic pain and sexual dysfunction.1 High-impact sports have been linked with an increased risk of developing PFD. For instance, up to 76% of female volleyball players reported urinary symptoms.2 Despite the widespread occurrence and consequences of PFD

The aim of my PhD research was to better understand injury patterns in youth football (soccer) and athletics (track and field) and explore growth rates and skeletal maturity as injury risk factors. In the studies included, we examined differences between recorders within an injury surveillance programme, described the most common and burdensome injuries in youth athletes participating in football and

Objective To perform a large-scale pairwise and network meta-analysis on the effects of all relevant exercise training modes on resting blood pressure to establish optimal antihypertensive exercise prescription practices. Design Systematic review and network meta-analysis. Data sources PubMed (Medline), the Cochrane library and Web of Science were systematically searched. Eligibility criteria Randomised

We read with great interest the recent article by Álvaro Casas-Herrero et al. entitled ‘Effects of Vivifrail multicomponent intervention on functional capacity: a multicentre, randomized controlled trial’.1 The article validated that the Vivifrail multicomponent exercise training programme is an effective and safe intervention for improving functional capacity in community dwelling frail/prefrail older

Objectives One in two women experiencing pelvic floor (PF) symptoms stop playing sport or exercising. The study examines the perspective of women with PF symptoms to inform acceptable screening practices within sport and exercise settings. Methods Explanatory, sequential, mixed-methods design. Phase 1: survey of 18–65 years, symptomatic, Australian women (n=4556). Phase 2: semistructured interviews

Objectives Perform a comprehensive video analysis of all anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in National Basketball Association (NBA) athletes from 2006 to 2022 to determine the associated biomechanics, injury mechanism and game situation. Methods NBA players diagnosed with an ACL tear from 2006 to 2022 were identified and videos of each injury evaluated by two reviewers. Visual evaluation included

Objective To determine whether individuals with a prior concussion exhibit biomechanical alterations in balance, gait and jump-landing tasks with and without cognitive demands that are associated with risk of lateral ankle sprain (LAS) and anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources Five electronic databases (Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, SPORTDiscus

The necessity of sufficient sleep for health and sustained high performance in athletes is increasingly recognised. There are frequently scenarios where an athlete’s opportunity for sleep (eg, travelling East across several time zones, sports fixture congestion) and propensity for sleep (eg, overarousal, anxiety, insomnia, circadian rhythm shifts) may compromise sleep quality and/or quantity.1 For

Objective To investigate the effects of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies on pain intensity and disability for plantar fasciitis. Design Systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Data sources AMED, MEDLINE, PEDro, Cochrane, SPORTDiscus, CINAHL, EMBASE and PsycINFO without language or date restrictions up to 3 February 2023. Eligibility criteria RCTs that evaluated the

In my doctoral thesis, we studied the effects of high-load (HL) and low-load (LL) resistance training (RT) both combined with aerobic training (AT) and compared the two training modalities with AT alone as a standard care in an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR) for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).1 In absence of safety and efficacy evidence of HL-RT in an early phase of CR, we

Hypertension is a leading modifiable risk factor for morbidity and mortality.1 Commonly prescribed medications to treat high blood pressure carry a number of substantial limitations including adverse side effects, considerable economic costs and poor adherence rates.2 As such, research into the optimisation of non-pharmacological approaches, such as exercise training, remains imperative. The role of

Parameters of body composition have prognostic potential in patients with oncologic diseases. The aim of the present study was to analyse the prognostic potential of radiomics-based parameters of the skeletal musculature and adipose tissues in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).