BACKGROUND Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is a substantial challenge to the management of ischemic heart disease, the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Arachidonic acid (AA) is a prominent polyunsaturated fatty acid in the human body and plays an important role in various physiological and pathological conditions. AA metabolic enzymes determine AA levels; however, currently there

BACKGROUND Homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) is a genetic disease characterized by high levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) present from birth, leading to early-onset and progressive atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Early treatment initiation is crucial for cardiovascular risk reduction; however, many patients do not reach LDL-C treatment goals. Inclisiran, a

Heart valve replacement in children is fraught with long-term morbidity and mortality rates, largely because conventional implants lack the capacity to grow with the child. Partial heart transplantation presents a potential solution by transplanting only specific segments of a donor heart, thereby providing a living and growing heart valve implant. This approach harnesses the full spectrum of cardiac

Background: Vascular smooth muscle cells (vSMCs), the predominant cell type in the aortic wall, play a crucial role in maintaining aortic integrity, blood pressure, and cardiovascular function. vSMC contractility and function depend on smooth muscle alpha-actin 2 (ACTA2). The pathogenic variant ACTA2 c.536G>A (p. R179H) causes multisystemic smooth muscle dysfunction syndrome (MSMDS), a severe disorder

Cardiac intensive care units are witnessing a demographic shift, characterized by patients with increasingly complex or end-stage cardiovascular disease with a greater burden of concomitant comorbid noncardiovascular disease. Despite technical advances in care that may be offered, many critically ill cardiovascular patients will nevertheless experience significant morbidity and mortality during the

The "open vein hypothesis" postulates that early thrombus clearance and restoration of venous blood flow may prevent postthrombotic syndrome after proximal deep vein thrombosis. Since its proposal several decades ago, new insights from basic and clinical studies have motivated a re-evaluation and refinement of this hypothesis. According to data from these studies, susceptibility to postthrombotic syndrome

BACKGROUND Exercise improves functional outcomes in patients with diabetic cardiomyopathy (DiaCM). The molecular mechanism underlying cardiac benefits of exercise in DiaCM remains incompletely understood. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common form of messenger RNA modification in eukaryotes and has been implicated in cardiac development and disease. However, the role of m6A in DiaCM and in the

BACKGROUND Hypothyroidism leads to multiple organ dysfunction, with the heart the most affected. However, the pathologic mechanism of hypothyroidism-induced heart failure remains to be completely elucidated. Thyroid hormone replacement therapy enhances myocardium systolic function but increases the occurrence of arrythmias. There is an urgent need to explore these mechanisms in detail and to discover

Mitral regurgitation and tricuspid regurgitation are the most common valvular heart diseases in patients with heart failure and have independent prognostic value. Transcatheter interventions are now available for the treatment of valvular heart disease, and their efficacy and safety have been tested in randomized controlled trials. However, evidence is still limited and sometimes inconclusive because

BACKGROUND Elevated plasma levels of Lp(a) [lipoprotein(a)] are a causal risk factor for coronary heart disease and stroke in European individuals, but the causal relevance of Lp(a) for different stroke types and in East Asian individuals with different Lp(a) genetic architecture is uncertain. METHODS We measured plasma levels of Lp(a) in a nested case-control study of 18 174 adults (mean [SD] age

BACKGROUND Immune cells are closely associated with all processes of cardiac repair after myocardial infarction (MI), including the initiation, development, and resolution of inflammation. Spleen extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH) serves as a crucial source of emergency mature blood cells that are generated through the self-renewal and differentiation of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs)

BACKGROUND Deep analgosedation (DAS) or general anesthesia (GA) is mandatory for pulsed-field ablation (PFA) of atrial fibrillation (AF). In contrast to DAS, GA (conventional or total intravenous anesthesia [TIVA]) requires airway management. To find the optimal sedation regimen, this study compared ketamine-remimazolam DAS and propofol-opioid TIVA to propofol-opioid DAS, focusing on sedation-related

BACKGROUND Intramural site of origin is a major cause of ablation failure of ventricular arrhythmias and the optimal strategy is unclear. This study investigated the efficacy of a stepwise ablation approach for intramural outflow tract (OT) premature ventricular complexes (PVCs) guided by mapping of the septal coronary venous system. METHODS Consecutive patients with OT PVCs were included in which

BACKGROUND The PRAETORIAN trial investigated the efficacy and safety of the subcutaneous implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (S-ICD) compared with transvenous ICD (TV-ICD) and showed non-inferiority of the S-ICD with regard to the composite endpoint of device-related complications and inappropriate shocks (IAS) after 49.1 months. Complications associated with transvenous leads are expected to occur

BACKGROUND There is sparse high-quality safety and effectiveness data for pulsed field ablation (PFA) of persistent atrial fibrillation (PerAF), where lesions beyond pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) are often placed. Additionally, no large trials have used insertable cardiac monitors (ICMs) for continuous rhythm monitoring post-ablation in PerAF patients, or after PFA in any AF population. In ADVANTAGE

BACKGROUND Patients with an autoimmune or inflammatory disease (AIID) are at increased cardiovascular risk and may benefit more from statin therapy. In the FOURIER trial (Further Cardiovascular Outcomes Research with PCSK9 Inhibition in Subjects with Elevated Risk), the PCSK9 (proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9) inhibitor evolocumab lowered low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, but

BACKGROUND High-volume physical activity (PA) is associated with a higher prevalence of subclinical coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the clinical significance of subclinical CAD among high-volume exercisers remains incompletely understood, and the dose-response relationship between high-volume PA and clinical CAD events remains uncertain. METHODS Individual participant data from the Cooper Center

Cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in adults despite recent scientific advancements. Although people are living longer lives, there may be an adverse impact on quality of life, necessitating a greater need for palliative care services and support. Palliative care for adults with advanced cardiovascular disease has the potential to significantly improve quality

The growing morbidity, mortality, and health care costs related to heart failure (HF) underscore the urgent need to prioritize its primary prevention. Whereas a risk-based approach for HF prevention remains in its infancy, several key opportunities exist to actualize this paradigm in clinical practice. First, the 2022 American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology/Heart Failure Society of

BACKGROUND Few middle-aged and older adults engage in regular leisure-time exercise. Incidental physical activity (IPA) encompasses activities of daily living outside the leisure-time domain. No dose-response study is available to guide IPA-focused interventions and guidelines. We examined the associations of device-assessed IPA intensities (vigorous [VIPA], moderate [MIPA], light [LIPA]) with major

Heart failure is a growing health-care concern affecting tens of millions of individuals globally. Although traditional therapeutic strategies have focused on reducing the risk for hospitalization and mortality, the importance of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in patients with heart failure is increasingly being recognized. Regulatory agencies consider PROs part of their evaluation of drugs and devices

BACKGROUND Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is an inherited heart disease characterized by irregular rhythms and right ventricular dysplasia. Sequence variations in desmosomal protein-encoding genes are linked to ARVC development. Effective treatments for ARVC are lacking. Whereas mRNA-based therapies have shown efficacy in humans, their therapeutic potential for inherited cardiomyopathies

The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans supports sitting less and moving more. Growing evidence suggests that a waking behavior profile with less sedentary behavior and more light-intensity physical activity is associated with more favorable cardiovascular health. Remarkably, little is known about how these behaviors relate to cardiovascular health during pregnancy. The purpose of this American

BACKGROUND Despite reported racial disparities between Black and White adults in short-term outcomes after abdominal aortic aneurysmal intervention, there is a paucity of literature aimed at understanding long-term disparities. The present study aims to characterize racial disparities in long-term outcomes, perioperative outcomes, and health care use after endovascular aortic aneurysm repair. METHODS

Populations most affected by cardiovascular health disparities, including underrepresented populations with lower socioeconomic status, people with disabilities, and those living in underserved rural communities, are disproportionately exposed to adverse social determinants of health. Specifically, economic instability and suboptimal living conditions within the neighborhood and built environment directly

BACKGROUND Real-world low-risk transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) outcomes in the United States have not been assessed comprehensively versus pivotal trials, which is a key component of measuring the quality of clinical technology adoption. METHODS We identified heart team-designated low-risk patients undergoing TAVR for trileaflet severe, symptomatic aortic stenosis in the Society of Thoracic

BACKGROUND Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has become the most prevalent type of heart failure, but effective treatments are lacking. Cardiac lymphatics play a crucial role in maintaining heart health by draining fluids and immune cells. However, their involvement in HFpEF remains largely unexplored. METHODS We examined cardiac lymphatic alterations in mice with HFpEF with comorbid

BACKGROUND Gene mutations are responsible for a sizeable proportion of cases of heart failure. However, the number of patients with any specific mutation is small. Repositioning of existing US Food and Drug Administration-approved compounds to target specific mutations is a promising approach to efficient identification of new therapies for these patients. METHODS The National Institutes of Health

BACKGROUND TAP-IT (Thoracentesis to Alleviate Cardiac Pleural Effusion-Interventional Trial) investigated the effect of therapeutic thoracentesis in addition to standard medical therapy in patients with acute heart failure and sizeable pleural effusion. METHODS This multicenter, unblinded, randomized controlled trial, conducted between August 31, 2021, and March 22, 2024, included patients with acute