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Traumatic Brain Injury and Risk of Schizophrenia and Other Non-mood Psychotic Disorders: Findings From a Large Inpatient Database in the United States Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-18 Chintan Trivedi, Preetam Reddy, Abid Rizvi, Karrar Husain, Kimberly Brown, Zeeshan Mansuri, Mahamudun Nabi, Shailesh Jain
Background Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is linked with an increased risk of schizophrenia and other non-mood psychotic disorders (psychotic disorders), but the prevalence and contributing factors of these psychiatric conditions post-TBI remain unclear. This study explores this link to identify key risk factors in TBI patients. Methods We used the 2017 National Inpatient Sample dataset. Patients with
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Shared Genetic Determinants of Schizophrenia and Autism Spectrum Disorder Implicate Opposite Risk Patterns: A Genome-Wide Analysis of Common Variants Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Yu Chen, Wenqiang Li, Luxian Lv, Weihua Yue
Background and Hypothesis The synaptic pruning hypothesis posits that schizophrenia (SCZ) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may represent opposite ends of neurodevelopmental disorders: individuals with ASD exhibit an overabundance of synapses and connections while SCZ was characterized by excessive pruning of synapses and a reduction. Given the strong genetic predisposition of both disorders, we propose
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Assessing Trial-by-Trial Electrophysiological and Behavioral Markers of Attentional Control and Sensory Precision in Psychotic and Mood Disorders Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-15 Megan A Boudewyn, Molly A Erickson, Kurt Winsler, Deanna M Barch, Cameron S Carter, Michael J Frank, James M Gold, Angus W MacDonald, J Daniel Ragland, Steven M Silverstein, Andrew P Yonelinas, Steven J Luck
Background and Hypothesis The current study investigated the extent to which changes in attentional control contribute to performance on a visual perceptual discrimination task, on a trial-by-trial basis in a transdiagnostic clinical sample. Study Design Participants with schizophrenia (SZ; N = 58), bipolar disorder (N = 42), major depression disorder (N = 51), and psychiatrically healthy controls
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Glymphatic System Dysfunction Underlying Schizophrenia Is Associated With Cognitive Impairment Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-06 Ye Tu, Yan Fang, Guohui Li, Fei Xiong, Feng Gao
Background and Hypothesis Despite the well-documented structural and functional brain changes in schizophrenia, the potential role of glymphatic dysfunction remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the glymphatic system’s function in schizophrenia, utilizing diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to analyze water diffusion along the perivascular space (ALPS), and examines its correlation with clinical
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Adverse Events Reporting in Digital Interventions Evaluations for Psychosis: A Systematic Literature Search and Individual Level Content Analysis of Adverse Event Reports Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-06 Stephanie Allan, Thomas Ward, Emily Eisner, Imogen H Bell, Matteo Cella, Imran B Chaudhry, John Torous, Tayyeba Kiran, Thomas Kabir, Aansha Priyam, Cara Richardson, Ulrich Reininghaus, Anita Schick, Matthias Schwannauer, Suzy Syrett, Xiaolong Zhang, Sandra Bucci
Background Digital health interventions (DHIs) have significant potential to upscale treatment access to people experiencing psychosis but raise questions around patient safety. Adverse event (AE) monitoring is used to identify, record, and manage safety issues in clinical trials, but little is known about the specific content and context contained within extant AE reports. This study aimed to assess
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Correlation Between Cortical Thickness Abnormalities of the Olfactory Sulcus and Olfactory Identification Disorder and Persistent Auditory Verbal Hallucinations in Chinese Patients With Chronic Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Honghong Ren, Zongchang Li, Jinguang Li, Jun Zhou, Ying He, Chunwang Li, Qianjin Wang, Xiaogang Chen, Jinsong Tang
Background and Hypothesis Persistent auditory verbal hallucinations (pAVHs) and olfactory identification impairment are common in schizophrenia (SCZ), but the neuroimaging mechanisms underlying both pAVHs and olfactory identification impairment are unclear. This study aimed to investigate whether pAVHs and olfactory identification impairment in SCZ patients are associated with changes in cortical thickness
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Distinct Volume Alterations of Thalamic Nuclei Across the Schizophrenia Spectrum Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-05 Melissa Thalhammer, Julia Schulz, Felicitas Scheulen, Mohamed El Mehdi Oubaggi, Matthias Kirschner, Stefan Kaiser, André Schmidt, Stefan Borgwardt, Mihai Avram, Felix Brandl, Christian Sorg
Background and Hypothesis Abnormal thalamic nuclei volumes and their link to cognitive impairments have been observed in schizophrenia. However, whether and how this finding extends to the schizophrenia spectrum is unknown. We hypothesized a distinct pattern of aberrant thalamic nuclei volume across the spectrum and examined its potential associations with cognitive symptoms. Study Design We performed
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Effects of Benzodiazepine Exposure on Real-World Clinical Outcomes in Individuals at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-04-03 Nicholas R Livingston, Andrea De Micheli, Robert A McCutcheon, Emma Butler, Marwa Hamdan, Anthony A Grace, Philip McGuire, Alice Egerton, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Gemma Modinos
Background and Hypothesis Animal models indicate GABAergic dysfunction in the development of psychosis, and that benzodiazepine (BDZ) exposure can prevent the emergence of psychosis-relevant phenotypes. However, whether BDZ exposure influences real-world clinical outcomes in individuals at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) is unknown. Study Design This observational cohort study used electronic
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Subgroups of Clinical High Risk for Psychosis Based on Baseline Antipsychotic Exposure: Clinical and Outcome Comparisons Across a 2-Year Follow-up Period Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-29 Lorenzo Pelizza, Alessandro Di Lisi, Emanuela Leuci, Emanuela Quattrone, Silvia Azzali, Simona Pupo, Giuseppina Paulillo, Pietro Pellegrini, Marco Menchetti
Background and Hypothesis Antipsychotic (AP) prescription in clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) subjects remains a divisive issue. Although official guidelines currently discourage AP treatment in CHR-P, it is common in clinical practice, especially for psychosis prevention. The aim of this study was to investigate whether baseline AP need (especially in high-dose) indexes a CHR-P subgroup with
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Antipsychotic Use and Psychiatric Hospitalization in First-Episode Non-affective Psychosis and Cannabis Use Disorder: A Swedish Nationwide Cohort Study Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-27 Alexander Denissoff, Heidi Taipale, Jari Tiihonen, Marta Di Forti, Ellenor Mittendorfer-Rutz, Antti Tanskanen, Antti Mustonen, Solja Niemelä
Background and Hypothesis There is a paucity of research on treatment outcomes of patients with psychosis and cannabis use disorder (CUD). We aimed to compare the effectiveness of antipsychotics in reducing the risk of hospitalization in patients with first-episode psychosis (FEP) and co-occurring CUD. Study Design We utilized a nationwide Swedish cohort of patients with longitudinal register data
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Adolescent Stress-Induced Ventral Hippocampus Redox Dysregulation Underlies Behavioral Deficits and Excitatory/Inhibitory Imbalance Related to Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Thamyris Santos-Silva, Caio Fábio Baeta Lopes, Doğukan Hazar Ülgen, Danielle A Guimarães, Francisco S Guimarães, Luciane Carla Alberici, Carmen Sandi, Felipe V Gomes
Background and Hypothesis Redox dysregulation has been proposed as a convergent point of childhood trauma and the emergence of psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia (SCZ). A critical region particularly vulnerable to environmental insults during adolescence is the ventral hippocampus (vHip). However, the impact of severe stress on vHip redox states and their functional consequences, including
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Early Intervention in Psychosis and Management of First Episode Psychosis in Low- and Lower-Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Saeed Farooq, Nishani Fonseka, Malik Wajid Ali, Abbie Milner, Shumaila Hamid, Saima Sheikh, Muhammad Firaz Khan, Mian Mukhtar-ul-Haq Azeemi, Gayan Ariyadasa, Abdul Jalil Khan, Muhammad Ayub
Background and Hypothesis People with first-episode psychosis (FEP) in low- and lower-middle-income countries (LMIC) experience delays in receiving treatment, resulting in poorer outcomes and higher mortality. There is robust evidence for effective and cost-effective early intervention in psychosis (EIP) services for FEP, but the evidence for EIP in LMIC has not been reviewed. We aim to review the
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Service User Representation in Qualitative Research on Cognitive Health and Related Interventions for Psychosis: A Scoping Review Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-25 Lauren Gonzales, Nev Jones
Background and Hypothesis Cognitive health in schizophrenia spectrum psychosis has received substantial empirical attention in recent decades, coinciding with the development and implementation of interventions including cognitive remediation. Subjective experience in psychosis, including qualitative explorations of service user perspectives, has also proliferated; however, there is no available synthesis
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Intensive Longitudinal Social Sensing in Patients With Psychosis Spectrum Disorders: An Exploratory Pilot Study Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-24 Moritz von Heyden, Paul Grube, Markus Sack, Johannes Wiesner, Oliver Frank, Kathrin Becker, Stefan Heintz, Iris Reinhard, Sarah Hohmann, Dusan Hirjak, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg, Urs Braun
Background Psychosis spectrum disorders are characterized by significant alterations in social functioning, which is a major factor for patient recovery. Despite its importance, objectively quantifying the complex day-to-day social behavior in real-life settings has rarely been attempted. Here, we conducted a pilot study with wearable sensors that passively and continuously register interactions with
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Successful Clozapine Rechallenge After Clozapine-Induced Severe Anemia: A Case Report Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-19 Felipe Mendonça Rocha Barros, Arthur Cardoso Tolentino, Lais Soares Ker Marques, Leandro Xavier de Camargo Schlittler, Karina Diniz Oliveira, Paulo Dalgalarrondo, Lucas Luchesi Barnes, Amilton dos Santos Junior, Claudio Eduardo Muller Banzato
Introduction Clozapine, a second-generation antipsychotic (SGA), is considered the gold standard medication to treat patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). Despite its efficacy, clozapine is associated with adverse effects, notably neutropenia and agranulocytosis. Other hematological adverse effects are less common. Severe anemia is a rare adverse effect seldom reported in the literature
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Using Computational Phenotyping to Identify Divergent Strategies for Effort Allocation Across the Psychosis Spectrum Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-18 Alexis E Whitton, Jessica A Cooper, Jaisal T Merchant, Michael T Treadway, Kathryn E Lewandowski
Background and Hypothesis Disturbances in effort-cost decision-making have been highlighted as a potential transdiagnostic process underpinning negative symptoms in individuals with schizophrenia. However, recent studies using computational phenotyping show that individuals employ a range of strategies to allocate effort, and use of different strategies is associated with unique clinical and cognitive
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Duration of Untreated Psychosis and Outcomes in First-Episode Psychosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Early Detection and Intervention Strategies Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo, Daniel Guinart, Alvaro Armendariz, Claudia Aymerich, Ana Catalan, Luis Alameda, Maria Rogdaki, Estrella Martinez Baringo, Joan Soler-Vidal, Dominic Oliver, Jose M Rubio, Celso Arango, John M Kane, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Christoph U Correll
Background The role of duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) as an early detection and intervention target to improve outcomes for individuals with first-episode psychosis is unknown. Study Design PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant systematic review to identify studies until February 1, 2023, with an intervention and a control group, reporting DUP in both groups. Random effects meta-analysis to evaluate (1) differences
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Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ): Rationale and Study Design of the Largest Global Prospective Cohort Study of Clinical High Risk for Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Cassandra M J Wannan, Barnaby Nelson, Jean Addington, Kelly Allott, Alan Anticevic, Celso Arango, Justin T Baker, Carrie E Bearden, Tashrif Billah, Sylvain Bouix, Matthew R Broome, Kate Buccilli, Kristin S Cadenhead, Monica E Calkins, Tyrone D Cannon, Guillermo Cecci, Eric Yu Hai Chen, Kang Ik K Cho, Jimmy Choi, Scott R Clark, Michael J Coleman, Philippe Conus, Cheryl M Corcoran, Barbara A Cornblatt
This article describes the rationale, aims, and methodology of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ). This is the largest international collaboration to date that will develop algorithms to predict trajectories and outcomes of individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and to advance the development and use of novel pharmacological interventions for CHR individuals
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Childhood Adversity and Incident Psychotic Experiences in Early Adulthood: Cognitive and Psychopathological Mediators Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Andrea P Cortes Hidalgo, Gemma Hammerton, Jon Heron, Koen Bolhuis, Paul Madley-Dowd, Henning Tiemeier, Marinus H van IJzendoorn, Stanley Zammit, Hannah J Jones
Background and Hypothesis Childhood adversity is often described as a potential cause of incident psychotic experiences, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We aimed to examine the mediating role of cognitive and psychopathological factors in the relation between childhood adversity and incident psychotic experiences in early adulthood. Study Design We analyzed data from the Avon
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Treatment and Mortality Following Cancer Diagnosis Among People With Non-affective Psychotic Disorders in Ontario, Canada: A Retrospective Cohort Study Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-03 Jared C Wootten, Lucie Richard, Melody Lam, Phillip S Blanchette, Marco Solmi, Kelly K Anderson
Background and Hypothesis People with psychotic disorders have a higher risk of mortality following cancer diagnosis, compared to people without psychosis. The extent to which this disparity is influenced by differences in cancer-related treatment is currently unknown. We hypothesized that, following a cancer diagnosis, people with psychotic disorders were less likely to receive treatment and were
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Elevations in the Mitochondrial Matrix Protein Cyclophilin D Correlate With Reduced Parvalbumin Expression in the Prefrontal Cortex of Patients With Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 John T O’Brien, Sophia P Jalilvand, Neha A Suji, Rohan K Jupelly, Aarron Phensy, Juliet M Mwirigi, Hajira Elahi, Theodore J Price, Sven Kroener
Background and Hypothesis Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are linked to dysfunctions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), including alterations in parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons (PVIs). Redox dysregulation and oxidative stress may represent convergence points in the pathology of schizophrenia, causing dysfunction of GABAergic interneurons and loss of PV. Here, we show that the
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Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Rates of Violence During First-Episode Psychosis (FEP) Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Sarah Youn, Belinda L Guadagno, Linda K Byrne, Amity E Watson, Sean Murrihy, Sue M Cotton
Background Most people with psychotic disorders will never commit an act of violence. However, the risk of violence committed by people with schizophrenia is higher than the general population. Violence risk is also known to be highest during the first episode of psychosis compared to later stages of illness. Despite this, there have been no comprehensive reviews conducted in the past 10 years examining
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Examining the Effectiveness of a Digital Media Campaign at Reducing the Duration of Untreated Psychosis in New York State: Results From a Stepped-wedge Randomized Controlled Trial Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Michael L Birnbaum, Chantel Garrett, Amit Baumel, Nicole T Germano, Danny Sosa, Hong Ngo, Majnu John, Lisa Dixon, John M Kane
Background and Hypothesis Longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) predicts worse outcomes in First Episode Psychosis (FEP). Searching online represents one of the first proactive step toward treatment initiation for many, yet few studies have informed how best to support FEP youth as they engage in early online help-seeking steps to care. Study Design Using a stepped-wedge randomized design, this
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Clarifying Cognitive Control Deficits in Psychosis via Drift Diffusion Modeling and Attractor Dynamics Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Chen Shen, Olivia L Calvin, Eric Rawls, A David Redish, Scott R Sponheim
Background and Hypothesis Cognitive control deficits are prominent in individuals with psychotic psychopathology. Studies providing evidence for deficits in proactive control generally examine average performance and not variation across trials for individuals—potentially obscuring detection of essential contributors to cognitive control. Here, we leverage intertrial variability through drift-diffusion
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Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Exercise Interventions for Psychotic Disorders: The Impact of Exercise Intensity, Mindfulness Components, and Other Moderators on Symptoms, Functioning, and Cardiometabolic Health Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Matthias Rißmayer, Joseph Kambeitz, Florian Javelle, Theresa Katharina Lichtenstein
Background and Hypothesis Exercise therapy has been shown to be an effective complementary treatment for patients with psychotic disorders. However, the specific impacts of different training modalities remain poorly understood. This article aims to quantitatively review the moderating influence of different exercise modalities, hypothesizing that higher exercise intensity as well as utilization of
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“It’s Tough to Be a Black Man with Schizophrenia”: Randomized Controlled Trial of a Brief Video Intervention to Reduce Public Stigma Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Doron Amsalem, Samantha E Jankowski, Shannon Pagdon, Stephen Smith, Lawrence H Yang, Linda Valeri, John C Markowitz, Roberto Lewis-Fernández, Lisa B Dixon
Background and Hypothesis Racial discrimination and public stigma toward Black individuals living with schizophrenia create disparities in treatment-seeking and engagement. Brief, social-contact-based video interventions efficaciously reduce stigma. It remains unclear whether including racial identity experiences in video narrative yields greater stigma reduction. We hypothesized that we would replicate
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Non-psychotic Outcomes in Young People at Ultra-High Risk of Developing a Psychotic Disorder: A Long-Term Follow-up Study Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Anneliese E Spiteri-Staines, Alison R Yung, Ashleigh Lin, Jessica A Hartmann, Paul Amminger, Patrick D McGorry, Andrew Thompson, Stephen J Wood, Barnaby Nelson
Background The majority of individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis do not transition to a full threshold psychotic disorder. It is therefore important to understand their longer-term clinical and functional outcomes, particularly given the high prevalence of comorbid mental disorders in this population at baseline. Aims This study investigated the prevalence of non-psychotic disorders in
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Positive Effects of Uric Acid on White Matter Microstructures and Treatment Response in Patients With Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Minji Bang, Yul Heo, Tai Kiu Choi, Sang-Hyuk Lee
Background and Hypothesis Schizophrenia involves microstructural changes in white matter (WM) tracts. Oxidative stress is a key factor causing WM damage by hindering oligodendrocyte development and myelin maturation. Uric acid (UA), an endogenous antioxidant, may protect against oxidative stress. We investigated the effect of UA on WM connectivity in antipsychotic-naive or -free patients with early-
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Omega-3 Supplementation Reduces Schizotypal Personality in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Adrian Raine, Ruben C Gur, Raquel E Gur, Therese S Richmond, Joseph Hibbeln, Jianghong Liu
Background and Hypothesis Based on a childhood intervention from ages 3 to 5 years that included additional fish consumption and which resulted in reduced schizotypal personality at age 23, we had previously hypothesized that omega-3 could reduce schizotypy. The current study tests the hypothesis that omega-3 supplementation reduces schizotypy in children. Study Design In this intention-to-treat, randomized
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Heterogeneous Brain Abnormalities in Schizophrenia Converge on a Common Network Associated With Symptom Remission Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Yingru Wang, Yinian Yang, Wenqiang Xu, Xiaoqing Yao, Xiaohui Xie, Long Zhang, Jinmei Sun, Lu Wang, Qiang Hua, Kongliang He, Yanghua Tian, Kai Wang, Gong-Jun Ji
Background and Hypothesis There is a huge heterogeneity of magnetic resonance imaging findings in schizophrenia studies. Here, we hypothesized that brain regions identified by structural and functional imaging studies of schizophrenia could be reconciled in a common network. Study Design We systematically reviewed the case-control studies that estimated the brain morphology or resting-state local function
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Abnormal Oculomotor Corollary Discharge Signaling as a Trans-diagnostic Mechanism of Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-21 Beier Yao, Martin Rolfs, Rachael Slate, Dominic Roberts, Jessica Fattal, Eric D Achtyes, Ivy F Tso, Vaibhav A Diwadkar, Deborah Kashy, Jacqueline Bao, Katharine N Thakkar
Background and Hypothesis Corollary discharge (CD) signals are “copies” of motor signals sent to sensory areas to predict the corresponding input. They are a posited mechanism enabling one to distinguish actions generated by oneself vs external forces. Consequently, altered CD is a hypothesized mechanism for agency disturbances in psychosis. Previous studies have shown a decreased influence of CD signals
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Eye Movement Characteristics for Predicting a Transition to Psychosis: Longitudinal Changes and Implications Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-21 Dan Zhang, Lihua Xu, Xu Liu, Huiru Cui, Yanyan Wei, Wensi Zheng, Yawen Hong, Zhenying Qian, Yegang Hu, Yingying Tang, Chunbo Li, Zhi Liu, Tao Chen, Haichun Liu, Tianhong Zhang, Jijun Wang
Background and hypothesis Substantive inquiry into the predictive power of eye movement (EM) features for clinical high-risk (CHR) conversion and their longitudinal trajectories is currently sparse. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of machine learning predictive models relying on EM indices and examine the longitudinal alterations of these indices across the temporal continuum. Study
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Proteomic Biomarkers for the Prediction of Transition to Psychosis in Individuals at Clinical High Risk: A Multi-cohort Model Development Study Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Jonah F Byrne, Colm Healy, Melanie Föcking, Subash Raj Susai, David Mongan, Kieran Wynne, Eleftheria Kodosaki, Meike Heurich, Lieuwe de Haan, Ian B Hickie, Stefan Smesny, Andrew Thompson, Connie Markulev, Alison Ruth Young, Miriam R Schäfer, Anita Riecher-Rössler, Nilufar Mossaheb, Gregor Berger, Monika Schlögelhofer, Merete Nordentoft, Eric Y H Chen, Swapna Verma, Dorien H Nieman, Scott W Woods, Barbara
Psychosis risk prediction is one of the leading challenges in psychiatry. Previous investigations have suggested that plasma proteomic data may be useful in accurately predicting transition to psychosis in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR). We hypothesized that an a priori-specified proteomic prediction model would have strong predictive accuracy for psychosis risk and aimed to replicate longitudinal
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Risk of Psychosis Among Individuals Who Have Presented to Hospital With Self-harm: A Prospective Nationwide Register Study in Sweden Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Koen Bolhuis, Laura Ghirardi, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Ulla Lång, Martin Cederlöf, Johanna Metsala, Paul Corcoran, Karen O’Connor, Philip Dodd, Henrik Larsson, Ian Kelleher
Background and Hypothesis Recent research showed that young people who presented to hospital with self-harm in Finland had a significantly elevated risk of later psychosis. We investigated the prospective relationship between hospital presentation for self-harm and risk of psychosis in an unprecedentedly large national Swedish cohort. Study Design We used inpatient and outpatient healthcare registers
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Pseudoneurotic Symptoms in the Schizophrenia Spectrum: A Longitudinal Study of Their Relation to Psychopathology and Clinical Outcomes Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Andreas Rosén Rasmussen, Peter Handest, Anne Vollmer-Larsen, Josef Parnas
Background and Hypothesis Nonpsychotic symptoms (depression, anxiety, obsessions, etc.) are frequent in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and are usually conceptualized as comorbidity or transdiagnostic symptoms. However, in twentieth century foundational psychopathological literature, many nonpsychotic symptoms with specific phenomenology (here termed pseudoneurotic symptoms) were considered relatively
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Hypothalamic Subunit Volumes in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Spectrum Disorders Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Aurora Ruggeri, Stener Nerland, Lynn Mørch-Johnsen, Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen, Claudia Barth, Laura Anne Wortinger, Dimitrios Andreou, Ole A Andreassen, Ingrid Agartz
Background The hypothalamus is central to many hormonal and autonomous nervous system pathways. Emerging evidence indicates that these pathways may be disrupted in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Yet, few studies have examined the volumes of hypothalamic subunits in these patient groups. We compared hypothalamic subunit volumes in individuals with psychotic disorders to healthy controls. Study
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Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes Derived From Nasal Olfactory Mucosal Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Restoring Synaptic Plasticity, Neurogenesis, and Neuroinflammation in Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Xiao-Lin Zhong, Yan Huang, Yang Du, Li-Zheng He, Yue-wen Chen, Yong Cheng, Hua Liu
Background and Hypothesis Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a multifaceted mental disorder marked by a spectrum of symptoms, including hallucinations, delusions, cognitive deficits, and negative symptoms. Its etiology involves intricate interactions between genetic and environmental factors, posing significant challenges for effective treatment. We hypothesized that intranasal administration of exosomes derived
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Deep Learning-based Brain Age Prediction in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Woo-Sung Kim, Da-Woon Heo, Junyeong Maeng, Jie Shen, Uyanga Tsogt, Soyolsaikhan Odkhuu, Xuefeng Zhang, Sahar Cheraghi, Sung-Wan Kim, Byung-Joo Ham, Fatima Zahra Rami, Jing Sui, Chae Yeong Kang, Heung-Il Suk, Young-Chul Chung
Background and Hypothesis The brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD) may serve as a biomarker for neurodegeneration. We investigated the brain-PAD in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (FE-SSDs), and treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI). Study Design We employed a convolutional network-based regression
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Self-Disorder in Schizophrenia: A Revised View (1. Comprehensive Review–Dualities of Self- and World-Experience) Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 Jasper Feyaerts, Louis Sass
A growing body of research supports the role of self-disorders as core phenotypic features of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Self-disorders comprise various alterations of conscious experience whose theoretical understanding continues to present a challenge. The following 2 articles aim to provide further clarification of the nature of self-disorders in schizophrenia by offering a comprehensive
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Self-Disorder in Schizophrenia: A Revised View (2. Theoretical Revision—Hyperreflexivity) Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 Louis Sass, Jasper Feyaerts
A growing body of research supports the role of self-disorders as core phenotypic features of schizophrenia-spectrum conditions. Self-disorders comprise various alterations of conscious experience whose theoretical understanding continues to present a challenge. This is the second of two articles that aim to clarify the nature of self-disorders in schizophrenia by considering the currently most influential
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Childhood Adversity Determines the Syndemic Effects of Violence, Substance Misuse, and Sexual Behavior on Psychotic Spectrum Disorder Among Men Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Yamin Zhang, Jeremy Coid
Background and hypothesis Childhood adversity (CA) increases the risk for several adult psychiatric conditions. It is unclear why some exposed individuals experience psychotic symptoms and others do not. We investigated whether a syndemic explained a psychotic outcome determined by CA. Study design We used self-reported cross-sectional data from 7461 British men surveyed in different population subgroups
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Spontaneous Brain Activity Alterations in First-Episode Psychosis: A Meta-analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Giulia Cattarinussi, David Antonio Grimaldi, Fabio Sambataro
Background and Hypothesis Several studies have shown that spontaneous brain activity, including the total and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (LFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), is altered in psychosis. Nonetheless, neuroimaging results show a high heterogeneity. For this reason, we gathered the extant literature on spontaneous brain activity in first-episode psychosis (FEP),
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Disease Progression Patterns of Brain Morphology in Schizophrenia: More Progressed Stages in Treatment Resistance Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-26 Daichi Sone, Alexandra Young, Shunichiro Shinagawa, Sakiko Tsugawa, Yusuke Iwata, Ryosuke Tarumi, Kamiyu Ogyu, Shiori Honda, Ryo Ochi, Karin Matsushita, Fumihiko Ueno, Nobuaki Hondo, Akihiro Koreki, Edgardo Torres-Carmona, Wanna Mar, Nathan Chan, Teruki Koizumi, Hideo Kato, Keisuke Kusudo, Vincenzo de Luca, Philip Gerretsen, Gary Remington, Mitsumoto Onaya, Yoshihiro Noda, Hiroyuki Uchida, Masaru Mimura
Background and Hypothesis Given the heterogeneity and possible disease progression in schizophrenia, identifying the neurobiological subtypes and progression patterns in each patient may lead to novel biomarkers. Here, we adopted data-driven machine-learning techniques to identify the progression patterns of brain morphological changes in schizophrenia and investigate the association with treatment
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Consent for Research Involving Spanish- and English-Speaking Latinx Adults With Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Concepción Barrio, Dahlia Fuentes, Lize Tibiriçá, Mercedes Hernandez, Paula Helu-Brown, Shahrokh Golshan, Barton W Palmer
Background Latinxs are vastly underrepresented in mental health research; one of many contributing factors may be complexities in the research consent process, including language preferences. We examined determinants of comprehension of research consent procedures and tested the effects of a preconsent research schema condition among 180 adults with schizophrenia (60 Latinx-English and 60 Latinx-Spanish
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Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS): A Systematic Review of Measurement Properties Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-12 Sophia Wehr, Lucia Weigel, John Davis, Silvana Galderisi, Armida Mucci, Stefan Leucht
Background and Hypothesis Negative symptoms are very important for the overall loss of functioning observed in patients with schizophrenia. There is a need for valid tools to assess these symptoms. Study Design We used the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) systematic review guideline to evaluate the quality of the clinical assessment interview for
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Corollary Discharge Dysfunction as a Possible Substrate of Anomalous Self-experiences in Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-11 Rosa M Beño-Ruiz-de-la-Sierra, Antonio Arjona-Valladares, Marta Hernández-García, Inés Fernández-Linsenbarth, Álvaro Díez, Sabela Fondevila Estevez, Carolina Castaño, Francisco Muñoz, Javier Sanz-Fuentenebro, Alejandro Roig-Herrero, Vicente Molina
Background and Hypothesis Corollary discharge mechanism suppresses the conscious auditory sensory perception of self-generated speech and attenuates electrophysiological markers such as the auditory N1 Event-Related Potential (ERP) during Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. This phenomenon contributes to self-identification and seems to be altered in people with schizophrenia. Therefore, its
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Targeted Treatment of Schizophrenia Symptoms as They Manifest, or Continuous Treatment to Reduce the Risk of Psychosis Recurrence Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Michael Davidson, William T Carpenter
Current pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia employs drugs that interfere with dopamine neurotransmission, aiming to suppress acute exacerbation of psychosis and maintenance treatment to reduce the risk of psychosis recurrence. According to this treatment scheme, available psychotropic drugs intended to treat negative symptoms, cognitive impairment, or anxiety are administered as add-ons to treatment
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The Effect of Accelerated Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation on Weight Loss in Overweight Individuals With Schizophrenia: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Clinical Trial Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Dongyu Kang, Yi Zhang, Guowei Wu, Chuhan Song, Xinjie Peng, Yujun Long, Guo Yu, Hui Tang, Yawei Gui, Quan Wang, Tifei Yuan, Renrong Wu
Background and Hypothesis Obesity is a common comorbidity in individuals with schizophrenia and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. At present, there are limited effective approaches for addressing this issue. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of noninvasive magnetic stimulation techniques in reducing obesity in individuals with
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Up-regulation of the Trace Amine Receptor, TAAR-1, in the Prefrontal Cortex of Individuals Affected by Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-28 Tiziana Imbriglio, Marika Alborghetti, Valeria Bruno, Giuseppe Battaglia, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Milena Cannella
Background and Hypothesis Type-1 trace amine-associated receptors (TAAR1) modulate dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission and are targeted by novel antipsychotic drugs. We hypothesized that schizophrenia (SCZ) causes adaptive changes in TAAR1 expression in the prefrontal cortex. Study Design We measured TAAR1 mRNA and protein levels by quantitative PCR and immunoblotting in post-mortem prefrontal
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Combinations and Temporal Associations Among Precursor Symptoms Before a First Episode of Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Vincent Paquin, Ashok K Malla, Srividya N Iyer, Martin Lepage, Ridha Joober, Jai L Shah
Background and Hypothesis Symptoms that precede a first episode of psychosis (FEP) can ideally be targeted by early intervention services with the aim of preventing or delaying psychosis onset. However, these precursor symptoms emerge in combinations and sequences that do not rest fully within traditional diagnostic categories. To advance our understanding of illness trajectories preceding FEP, we
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Violent Offending in Males With or Without Schizophrenia: A Role for Social Cognition? Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Anja Vaskinn, Jaroslav Rokicki, Christina Bell, Natalia Tesli, Nina Bang, Gabriela Hjell, Thomas Fischer-Vieler, Unn K Haukvik, Christine Friestad
Background and Hypothesis Reduced social cognition has been reported in individuals who have committed interpersonal violence. It is unclear if individuals with schizophrenia and a history of violence have larger impairments than violent individuals without psychosis and non-violent individuals with schizophrenia. We examined social cognition in two groups with violent offenses, comparing their performance
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Exploring the Relationship Between Suicidality and Persistent Negative Symptoms Following a First Episode of Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Joseph Ghanem, Massimiliano Orri, Laura Moro, Katie M Lavigne, Delphine Raucher-Chéné, Ashok Malla, Ridha Joober, Martin Lepage
Background and Hypothesis Suicide is a leading cause of death in first-episode psychosis (FEP), with an elevated risk during the first year following illness onset. The association between negative symptoms and suicidality remains contentious. Some studies suggest that negative symptoms may be associated with lower suicidality, while others fail to find an association between the two. No previous studies
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Multimodal Neuroimaging Summary Scores as Neurobiological Markers of Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Amanda L Rodrigue, Rebecca A Hayes, Emma Waite, Mary Corcoran, David C Glahn, Maria Jalbrzikowski
Background and Hypothesis Structural brain alterations are well-established features of schizophrenia but they do not effectively predict disease/disease risk. Similar to polygenic risk scores in genetics, we integrated multifactorial aspects of brain structure into a summary “Neuroscore” and examined its potential as a marker of disease. Study Design We extracted measures from T1-weighted scans and
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Evidence for Reduced Sensory Precision and Increased Reliance on Priors in Hallucination-Prone Individuals in a General Population Sample Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-13 David Benrimoh, Victoria L Fisher, Rashina Seabury, Ely Sibarium, Catalina Mourgues, Doris Chen, Albert Powers
Background There is increasing evidence that people with hallucinations overweight perceptual beliefs relative to incoming sensory evidence. Past work demonstrating prior overweighting has used simple, nonlinguistic stimuli. However, auditory hallucinations in psychosis are often complex and linguistic. There may be an interaction between the type of auditory information being processed and its perceived
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Self-concept and Narrative Identity in Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Henry R Cowan, Dan P McAdams, Leah Ouellet, Courtney M Jones, Vijay A Mittal
Background and Hypothesis Disturbances of the narrative self and personal identity accompany the onset of psychotic disorders in late adolescence and early adulthood (a formative developmental stage for self-concept and personal narratives). However, these issues have primarily been studied retrospectively after illness onset, limiting any inferences about their developmental course. Study Design Youth
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Understanding the Causal Pathway of Social Determinants of Psychosis: The Role of Social Functioning, Relevance of Animal Models, and Implications for Treatment Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Amy M Jimenez, Michael F Green
There is mounting evidence that the social determinants of psychosis operate via a long and circuitous route. Here, we comment on the striking findings from a recent study by Ku et al., that area-level social environmental factors yield social disability and increased risk for schizophrenia through intervening variables and over a long time course. We discuss the relevance of animal models of social
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A Child–Parent Dyad Study on Adolescent Paranoia and the Influence of Adverse Life Events, Bullying, Parenting Stress, and Family Support Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Jessica L Kingston, Lyn Ellett, Elizabeth C Thompson, Brandon A Gaudiano, Katarina Krkovic
Background Paranoid beliefs commonly occur in the general adolescent population. Exposure to adverse life events (ALEs) and/or bullying are important environmental risk factors. The extent to which others, especially parents, are available to help a young person cope with stressful situations may offset this risk. Study Design A cross-sectional adolescent-parent dyad design (n = 142 pairs) was used
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Hallucination-Proneness is Associated With a Decrease in Robust Averaging of Perceptual Evidence Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Emmett M Larsen, Jingwen Jin, Xian Zhang, Kayla R Donaldson, Megan Liew, Guillermo Horga, Christian Luhmann, Aprajita Mohanty
Background and Hypothesis Hallucinations are characterized by disturbances in perceptual decision-making about environmental stimuli. When integrating across multiple stimuli to form a perceptual decision, typical observers engage in “robust averaging” by down-weighting extreme perceptual evidence, akin to a statistician excluding outlying data. Furthermore, observers adapt to contexts with more unreliable
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Antipsychotic Medication and Risk of Metabolic Disorders in People With Schizophrenia: A Longitudinal Study Using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Emily Eyles, Ruta Margelyte, Hannah B Edwards, Paul A Moran, David S Kessler, Simon J C Davies, Blanca Bolea-Alamañac, Maria Theresa Redaniel, Sarah A Sullivan
Background and Hypothesis Antipsychotics are first-line drug treatments for schizophrenia. When antipsychotic monotherapy is ineffective, combining two antipsychotic drugs is common although treatment guidelines warn of possible increases in side effects. Risks of metabolic side effects with antipsychotic polypharmacy have not been fully investigated. This study examined associations between antipsychotic
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Basal-Forebrain Cholinergic Nuclei Alterations are Associated With Medication and Cognitive Deficits Across the Schizophrenia Spectrum Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Julia Schulz, Felix Brandl, Michel J Grothe, Matthias Kirschner, Stefan Kaiser, André Schmidt, Stefan Borgwardt, Josef Priller, Christian Sorg, Mihai Avram
Background and Hypothesis The cholinergic system is altered in schizophrenia. Particularly, patients’ volumes of basal-forebrain cholinergic nuclei (BFCN) are lower and correlated with attentional deficits. It is unclear, however, if and how BFCN changes and their link to cognitive symptoms extend across the schizophrenia spectrum, including individuals with at-risk mental state for psychosis (ARMS)