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Duration of Untreated Psychosis and Outcomes in First-Episode Psychosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Early Detection and Intervention Strategies Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-16 Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo, Daniel Guinart, Alvaro Armendariz, Claudia Aymerich, Ana Catalan, Luis Alameda, Maria Rogdaki, Estrella Martinez Baringo, Joan Soler-Vidal, Dominic Oliver, Jose M Rubio, Celso Arango, John M Kane, Paolo Fusar-Poli, Christoph U Correll
Background The role of duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) as an early detection and intervention target to improve outcomes for individuals with first-episode psychosis is unknown. Study Design PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant systematic review to identify studies until February 1, 2023, with an intervention and a control group, reporting DUP in both groups. Random effects meta-analysis to evaluate (1) differences
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Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ): Rationale and Study Design of the Largest Global Prospective Cohort Study of Clinical High Risk for Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-07 Cassandra M J Wannan, Barnaby Nelson, Jean Addington, Kelly Allott, Alan Anticevic, Celso Arango, Justin T Baker, Carrie E Bearden, Tashrif Billah, Sylvain Bouix, Matthew R Broome, Kate Buccilli, Kristin S Cadenhead, Monica E Calkins, Tyrone D Cannon, Guillermo Cecci, Eric Yu Hai Chen, Kang Ik K Cho, Jimmy Choi, Scott R Clark, Michael J Coleman, Philippe Conus, Cheryl M Corcoran, Barbara A Cornblatt
This article describes the rationale, aims, and methodology of the Accelerating Medicines Partnership® Schizophrenia (AMP® SCZ). This is the largest international collaboration to date that will develop algorithms to predict trajectories and outcomes of individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis and to advance the development and use of novel pharmacological interventions for CHR individuals
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Childhood Adversity and Incident Psychotic Experiences in Early Adulthood: Cognitive and Psychopathological Mediators Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-04 Andrea P Cortes Hidalgo, Gemma Hammerton, Jon Heron, Koen Bolhuis, Paul Madley-Dowd, Henning Tiemeier, Marinus H van IJzendoorn, Stanley Zammit, Hannah J Jones
Background and Hypothesis Childhood adversity is often described as a potential cause of incident psychotic experiences, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. We aimed to examine the mediating role of cognitive and psychopathological factors in the relation between childhood adversity and incident psychotic experiences in early adulthood. Study Design We analyzed data from the Avon
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Treatment and Mortality Following Cancer Diagnosis Among People With Non-affective Psychotic Disorders in Ontario, Canada: A Retrospective Cohort Study Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-03-03 Jared C Wootten, Lucie Richard, Melody Lam, Phillip S Blanchette, Marco Solmi, Kelly K Anderson
Background and Hypothesis People with psychotic disorders have a higher risk of mortality following cancer diagnosis, compared to people without psychosis. The extent to which this disparity is influenced by differences in cancer-related treatment is currently unknown. We hypothesized that, following a cancer diagnosis, people with psychotic disorders were less likely to receive treatment and were
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Elevations in the Mitochondrial Matrix Protein Cyclophilin D Correlate With Reduced Parvalbumin Expression in the Prefrontal Cortex of Patients With Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 John T O’Brien, Sophia P Jalilvand, Neha A Suji, Rohan K Jupelly, Aarron Phensy, Juliet M Mwirigi, Hajira Elahi, Theodore J Price, Sven Kroener
Background and Hypothesis Cognitive deficits in schizophrenia are linked to dysfunctions of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), including alterations in parvalbumin (PV)-expressing interneurons (PVIs). Redox dysregulation and oxidative stress may represent convergence points in the pathology of schizophrenia, causing dysfunction of GABAergic interneurons and loss of PV. Here, we show that the
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Systematic Review and Meta-analysis: Rates of Violence During First-Episode Psychosis (FEP) Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-27 Sarah Youn, Belinda L Guadagno, Linda K Byrne, Amity E Watson, Sean Murrihy, Sue M Cotton
Background Most people with psychotic disorders will never commit an act of violence. However, the risk of violence committed by people with schizophrenia is higher than the general population. Violence risk is also known to be highest during the first episode of psychosis compared to later stages of illness. Despite this, there have been no comprehensive reviews conducted in the past 10 years examining
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Examining the Effectiveness of a Digital Media Campaign at Reducing the Duration of Untreated Psychosis in New York State: Results From a Stepped-wedge Randomized Controlled Trial Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Michael L Birnbaum, Chantel Garrett, Amit Baumel, Nicole T Germano, Danny Sosa, Hong Ngo, Majnu John, Lisa Dixon, John M Kane
Background and Hypothesis Longer duration of untreated psychosis (DUP) predicts worse outcomes in First Episode Psychosis (FEP). Searching online represents one of the first proactive step toward treatment initiation for many, yet few studies have informed how best to support FEP youth as they engage in early online help-seeking steps to care. Study Design Using a stepped-wedge randomized design, this
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Clarifying Cognitive Control Deficits in Psychosis via Drift Diffusion Modeling and Attractor Dynamics Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-26 Chen Shen, Olivia L Calvin, Eric Rawls, A David Redish, Scott R Sponheim
Background and Hypothesis Cognitive control deficits are prominent in individuals with psychotic psychopathology. Studies providing evidence for deficits in proactive control generally examine average performance and not variation across trials for individuals—potentially obscuring detection of essential contributors to cognitive control. Here, we leverage intertrial variability through drift-diffusion
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Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Exercise Interventions for Psychotic Disorders: The Impact of Exercise Intensity, Mindfulness Components, and Other Moderators on Symptoms, Functioning, and Cardiometabolic Health Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-23 Matthias Rißmayer, Joseph Kambeitz, Florian Javelle, Theresa Katharina Lichtenstein
Background and Hypothesis Exercise therapy has been shown to be an effective complementary treatment for patients with psychotic disorders. However, the specific impacts of different training modalities remain poorly understood. This article aims to quantitatively review the moderating influence of different exercise modalities, hypothesizing that higher exercise intensity as well as utilization of
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“It’s Tough to Be a Black Man with Schizophrenia”: Randomized Controlled Trial of a Brief Video Intervention to Reduce Public Stigma Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-19 Doron Amsalem, Samantha E Jankowski, Shannon Pagdon, Stephen Smith, Lawrence H Yang, Linda Valeri, John C Markowitz, Roberto Lewis-Fernández, Lisa B Dixon
Background and Hypothesis Racial discrimination and public stigma toward Black individuals living with schizophrenia create disparities in treatment-seeking and engagement. Brief, social-contact-based video interventions efficaciously reduce stigma. It remains unclear whether including racial identity experiences in video narrative yields greater stigma reduction. We hypothesized that we would replicate
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Non-psychotic Outcomes in Young People at Ultra-High Risk of Developing a Psychotic Disorder: A Long-Term Follow-up Study Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-17 Anneliese E Spiteri-Staines, Alison R Yung, Ashleigh Lin, Jessica A Hartmann, Paul Amminger, Patrick D McGorry, Andrew Thompson, Stephen J Wood, Barnaby Nelson
Background The majority of individuals at ultra-high risk (UHR) for psychosis do not transition to a full threshold psychotic disorder. It is therefore important to understand their longer-term clinical and functional outcomes, particularly given the high prevalence of comorbid mental disorders in this population at baseline. Aims This study investigated the prevalence of non-psychotic disorders in
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Positive Effects of Uric Acid on White Matter Microstructures and Treatment Response in Patients With Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Minji Bang, Yul Heo, Tai Kiu Choi, Sang-Hyuk Lee
Background and Hypothesis Schizophrenia involves microstructural changes in white matter (WM) tracts. Oxidative stress is a key factor causing WM damage by hindering oligodendrocyte development and myelin maturation. Uric acid (UA), an endogenous antioxidant, may protect against oxidative stress. We investigated the effect of UA on WM connectivity in antipsychotic-naive or -free patients with early-
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Omega-3 Supplementation Reduces Schizotypal Personality in Children: A Randomized Controlled Trial Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-02-01 Adrian Raine, Ruben C Gur, Raquel E Gur, Therese S Richmond, Joseph Hibbeln, Jianghong Liu
Background and Hypothesis Based on a childhood intervention from ages 3 to 5 years that included additional fish consumption and which resulted in reduced schizotypal personality at age 23, we had previously hypothesized that omega-3 could reduce schizotypy. The current study tests the hypothesis that omega-3 supplementation reduces schizotypy in children. Study Design In this intention-to-treat, randomized
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Heterogeneous Brain Abnormalities in Schizophrenia Converge on a Common Network Associated With Symptom Remission Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-23 Yingru Wang, Yinian Yang, Wenqiang Xu, Xiaoqing Yao, Xiaohui Xie, Long Zhang, Jinmei Sun, Lu Wang, Qiang Hua, Kongliang He, Yanghua Tian, Kai Wang, Gong-Jun Ji
Background and Hypothesis There is a huge heterogeneity of magnetic resonance imaging findings in schizophrenia studies. Here, we hypothesized that brain regions identified by structural and functional imaging studies of schizophrenia could be reconciled in a common network. Study Design We systematically reviewed the case-control studies that estimated the brain morphology or resting-state local function
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Abnormal Oculomotor Corollary Discharge Signaling as a Trans-diagnostic Mechanism of Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-21 Beier Yao, Martin Rolfs, Rachael Slate, Dominic Roberts, Jessica Fattal, Eric D Achtyes, Ivy F Tso, Vaibhav A Diwadkar, Deborah Kashy, Jacqueline Bao, Katharine N Thakkar
Background and Hypothesis Corollary discharge (CD) signals are “copies” of motor signals sent to sensory areas to predict the corresponding input. They are a posited mechanism enabling one to distinguish actions generated by oneself vs external forces. Consequently, altered CD is a hypothesized mechanism for agency disturbances in psychosis. Previous studies have shown a decreased influence of CD signals
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Eye Movement Characteristics for Predicting a Transition to Psychosis: Longitudinal Changes and Implications Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-21 Dan Zhang, Lihua Xu, Xu Liu, Huiru Cui, Yanyan Wei, Wensi Zheng, Yawen Hong, Zhenying Qian, Yegang Hu, Yingying Tang, Chunbo Li, Zhi Liu, Tao Chen, Haichun Liu, Tianhong Zhang, Jijun Wang
Background and hypothesis Substantive inquiry into the predictive power of eye movement (EM) features for clinical high-risk (CHR) conversion and their longitudinal trajectories is currently sparse. This study aimed to investigate the efficiency of machine learning predictive models relying on EM indices and examine the longitudinal alterations of these indices across the temporal continuum. Study
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Proteomic Biomarkers for the Prediction of Transition to Psychosis in Individuals at Clinical High Risk: A Multi-cohort Model Development Study Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Jonah F Byrne, Colm Healy, Melanie Föcking, Subash Raj Susai, David Mongan, Kieran Wynne, Eleftheria Kodosaki, Meike Heurich, Lieuwe de Haan, Ian B Hickie, Stefan Smesny, Andrew Thompson, Connie Markulev, Alison Ruth Young, Miriam R Schäfer, Anita Riecher-Rössler, Nilufar Mossaheb, Gregor Berger, Monika Schlögelhofer, Merete Nordentoft, Eric Y H Chen, Swapna Verma, Dorien H Nieman, Scott W Woods, Barbara
Psychosis risk prediction is one of the leading challenges in psychiatry. Previous investigations have suggested that plasma proteomic data may be useful in accurately predicting transition to psychosis in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR). We hypothesized that an a priori-specified proteomic prediction model would have strong predictive accuracy for psychosis risk and aimed to replicate longitudinal
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Risk of Psychosis Among Individuals Who Have Presented to Hospital With Self-harm: A Prospective Nationwide Register Study in Sweden Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-20 Koen Bolhuis, Laura Ghirardi, Ralf Kuja-Halkola, Ulla Lång, Martin Cederlöf, Johanna Metsala, Paul Corcoran, Karen O’Connor, Philip Dodd, Henrik Larsson, Ian Kelleher
Background and Hypothesis Recent research showed that young people who presented to hospital with self-harm in Finland had a significantly elevated risk of later psychosis. We investigated the prospective relationship between hospital presentation for self-harm and risk of psychosis in an unprecedentedly large national Swedish cohort. Study Design We used inpatient and outpatient healthcare registers
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Pseudoneurotic Symptoms in the Schizophrenia Spectrum: A Longitudinal Study of Their Relation to Psychopathology and Clinical Outcomes Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-16 Andreas Rosén Rasmussen, Peter Handest, Anne Vollmer-Larsen, Josef Parnas
Background and Hypothesis Nonpsychotic symptoms (depression, anxiety, obsessions, etc.) are frequent in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders and are usually conceptualized as comorbidity or transdiagnostic symptoms. However, in twentieth century foundational psychopathological literature, many nonpsychotic symptoms with specific phenomenology (here termed pseudoneurotic symptoms) were considered relatively
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Hypothalamic Subunit Volumes in Schizophrenia and Bipolar Spectrum Disorders Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2024-01-11 Aurora Ruggeri, Stener Nerland, Lynn Mørch-Johnsen, Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen, Claudia Barth, Laura Anne Wortinger, Dimitrios Andreou, Ole A Andreassen, Ingrid Agartz
Background The hypothalamus is central to many hormonal and autonomous nervous system pathways. Emerging evidence indicates that these pathways may be disrupted in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Yet, few studies have examined the volumes of hypothalamic subunits in these patient groups. We compared hypothalamic subunit volumes in individuals with psychotic disorders to healthy controls. Study
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Unlocking the Therapeutic Potential of Exosomes Derived From Nasal Olfactory Mucosal Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Restoring Synaptic Plasticity, Neurogenesis, and Neuroinflammation in Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-13 Xiao-Lin Zhong, Yan Huang, Yang Du, Li-Zheng He, Yue-wen Chen, Yong Cheng, Hua Liu
Background and Hypothesis Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a multifaceted mental disorder marked by a spectrum of symptoms, including hallucinations, delusions, cognitive deficits, and negative symptoms. Its etiology involves intricate interactions between genetic and environmental factors, posing significant challenges for effective treatment. We hypothesized that intranasal administration of exosomes derived
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Deep Learning-based Brain Age Prediction in Patients With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-12 Woo-Sung Kim, Da-Woon Heo, Junyeong Maeng, Jie Shen, Uyanga Tsogt, Soyolsaikhan Odkhuu, Xuefeng Zhang, Sahar Cheraghi, Sung-Wan Kim, Byung-Joo Ham, Fatima Zahra Rami, Jing Sui, Chae Yeong Kang, Heung-Il Suk, Young-Chul Chung
Background and Hypothesis The brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD) may serve as a biomarker for neurodegeneration. We investigated the brain-PAD in patients with schizophrenia (SCZ), first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders (FE-SSDs), and treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) using structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI). Study Design We employed a convolutional network-based regression
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Self-Disorder in Schizophrenia: A Revised View (1. Comprehensive Review–Dualities of Self- and World-Experience) Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 Jasper Feyaerts, Louis Sass
A growing body of research supports the role of self-disorders as core phenotypic features of schizophrenia-spectrum disorders. Self-disorders comprise various alterations of conscious experience whose theoretical understanding continues to present a challenge. The following 2 articles aim to provide further clarification of the nature of self-disorders in schizophrenia by offering a comprehensive
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Self-Disorder in Schizophrenia: A Revised View (2. Theoretical Revision—Hyperreflexivity) Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-12-09 Louis Sass, Jasper Feyaerts
A growing body of research supports the role of self-disorders as core phenotypic features of schizophrenia-spectrum conditions. Self-disorders comprise various alterations of conscious experience whose theoretical understanding continues to present a challenge. This is the second of two articles that aim to clarify the nature of self-disorders in schizophrenia by considering the currently most influential
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Childhood Adversity Determines the Syndemic Effects of Violence, Substance Misuse, and Sexual Behavior on Psychotic Spectrum Disorder Among Men Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Yamin Zhang, Jeremy Coid
Background and hypothesis Childhood adversity (CA) increases the risk for several adult psychiatric conditions. It is unclear why some exposed individuals experience psychotic symptoms and others do not. We investigated whether a syndemic explained a psychotic outcome determined by CA. Study design We used self-reported cross-sectional data from 7461 British men surveyed in different population subgroups
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Spontaneous Brain Activity Alterations in First-Episode Psychosis: A Meta-analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-29 Giulia Cattarinussi, David Antonio Grimaldi, Fabio Sambataro
Background and Hypothesis Several studies have shown that spontaneous brain activity, including the total and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (LFF) and regional homogeneity (ReHo), is altered in psychosis. Nonetheless, neuroimaging results show a high heterogeneity. For this reason, we gathered the extant literature on spontaneous brain activity in first-episode psychosis (FEP),
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Disease Progression Patterns of Brain Morphology in Schizophrenia: More Progressed Stages in Treatment Resistance Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-26 Daichi Sone, Alexandra Young, Shunichiro Shinagawa, Sakiko Tsugawa, Yusuke Iwata, Ryosuke Tarumi, Kamiyu Ogyu, Shiori Honda, Ryo Ochi, Karin Matsushita, Fumihiko Ueno, Nobuaki Hondo, Akihiro Koreki, Edgardo Torres-Carmona, Wanna Mar, Nathan Chan, Teruki Koizumi, Hideo Kato, Keisuke Kusudo, Vincenzo de Luca, Philip Gerretsen, Gary Remington, Mitsumoto Onaya, Yoshihiro Noda, Hiroyuki Uchida, Masaru Mimura
Background and Hypothesis Given the heterogeneity and possible disease progression in schizophrenia, identifying the neurobiological subtypes and progression patterns in each patient may lead to novel biomarkers. Here, we adopted data-driven machine-learning techniques to identify the progression patterns of brain morphological changes in schizophrenia and investigate the association with treatment
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Consent for Research Involving Spanish- and English-Speaking Latinx Adults With Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-14 Concepción Barrio, Dahlia Fuentes, Lize Tibiriçá, Mercedes Hernandez, Paula Helu-Brown, Shahrokh Golshan, Barton W Palmer
Background Latinxs are vastly underrepresented in mental health research; one of many contributing factors may be complexities in the research consent process, including language preferences. We examined determinants of comprehension of research consent procedures and tested the effects of a preconsent research schema condition among 180 adults with schizophrenia (60 Latinx-English and 60 Latinx-Spanish
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Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms (CAINS): A Systematic Review of Measurement Properties Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-12 Sophia Wehr, Lucia Weigel, John Davis, Silvana Galderisi, Armida Mucci, Stefan Leucht
Background and Hypothesis Negative symptoms are very important for the overall loss of functioning observed in patients with schizophrenia. There is a need for valid tools to assess these symptoms. Study Design We used the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) systematic review guideline to evaluate the quality of the clinical assessment interview for
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Corollary Discharge Dysfunction as a Possible Substrate of Anomalous Self-experiences in Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-11 Rosa M Beño-Ruiz-de-la-Sierra, Antonio Arjona-Valladares, Marta Hernández-García, Inés Fernández-Linsenbarth, Álvaro Díez, Sabela Fondevila Estevez, Carolina Castaño, Francisco Muñoz, Javier Sanz-Fuentenebro, Alejandro Roig-Herrero, Vicente Molina
Background and Hypothesis Corollary discharge mechanism suppresses the conscious auditory sensory perception of self-generated speech and attenuates electrophysiological markers such as the auditory N1 Event-Related Potential (ERP) during Electroencephalographic (EEG) recordings. This phenomenon contributes to self-identification and seems to be altered in people with schizophrenia. Therefore, its
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Targeted Treatment of Schizophrenia Symptoms as They Manifest, or Continuous Treatment to Reduce the Risk of Psychosis Recurrence Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-06 Michael Davidson, William T Carpenter
Current pharmacological treatment of schizophrenia employs drugs that interfere with dopamine neurotransmission, aiming to suppress acute exacerbation of psychosis and maintenance treatment to reduce the risk of psychosis recurrence. According to this treatment scheme, available psychotropic drugs intended to treat negative symptoms, cognitive impairment, or anxiety are administered as add-ons to treatment
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The Effect of Accelerated Continuous Theta Burst Stimulation on Weight Loss in Overweight Individuals With Schizophrenia: A Double-Blind, Randomized, Sham-Controlled Clinical Trial Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-11-03 Dongyu Kang, Yi Zhang, Guowei Wu, Chuhan Song, Xinjie Peng, Yujun Long, Guo Yu, Hui Tang, Yawei Gui, Quan Wang, Tifei Yuan, Renrong Wu
Background and Hypothesis Obesity is a common comorbidity in individuals with schizophrenia and is associated with poor clinical outcomes. At present, there are limited effective approaches for addressing this issue. We conducted a double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled clinical trial to investigate the efficacy of noninvasive magnetic stimulation techniques in reducing obesity in individuals with
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Up-regulation of the Trace Amine Receptor, TAAR-1, in the Prefrontal Cortex of Individuals Affected by Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-28 Tiziana Imbriglio, Marika Alborghetti, Valeria Bruno, Giuseppe Battaglia, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Milena Cannella
Background and Hypothesis Type-1 trace amine-associated receptors (TAAR1) modulate dopaminergic and glutamatergic neurotransmission and are targeted by novel antipsychotic drugs. We hypothesized that schizophrenia (SCZ) causes adaptive changes in TAAR1 expression in the prefrontal cortex. Study Design We measured TAAR1 mRNA and protein levels by quantitative PCR and immunoblotting in post-mortem prefrontal
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Combinations and Temporal Associations Among Precursor Symptoms Before a First Episode of Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Vincent Paquin, Ashok K Malla, Srividya N Iyer, Martin Lepage, Ridha Joober, Jai L Shah
Background and Hypothesis Symptoms that precede a first episode of psychosis (FEP) can ideally be targeted by early intervention services with the aim of preventing or delaying psychosis onset. However, these precursor symptoms emerge in combinations and sequences that do not rest fully within traditional diagnostic categories. To advance our understanding of illness trajectories preceding FEP, we
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Violent Offending in Males With or Without Schizophrenia: A Role for Social Cognition? Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-20 Anja Vaskinn, Jaroslav Rokicki, Christina Bell, Natalia Tesli, Nina Bang, Gabriela Hjell, Thomas Fischer-Vieler, Unn K Haukvik, Christine Friestad
Background and Hypothesis Reduced social cognition has been reported in individuals who have committed interpersonal violence. It is unclear if individuals with schizophrenia and a history of violence have larger impairments than violent individuals without psychosis and non-violent individuals with schizophrenia. We examined social cognition in two groups with violent offenses, comparing their performance
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Exploring the Relationship Between Suicidality and Persistent Negative Symptoms Following a First Episode of Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-17 Joseph Ghanem, Massimiliano Orri, Laura Moro, Katie M Lavigne, Delphine Raucher-Chéné, Ashok Malla, Ridha Joober, Martin Lepage
Background and Hypothesis Suicide is a leading cause of death in first-episode psychosis (FEP), with an elevated risk during the first year following illness onset. The association between negative symptoms and suicidality remains contentious. Some studies suggest that negative symptoms may be associated with lower suicidality, while others fail to find an association between the two. No previous studies
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Multimodal Neuroimaging Summary Scores as Neurobiological Markers of Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-16 Amanda L Rodrigue, Rebecca A Hayes, Emma Waite, Mary Corcoran, David C Glahn, Maria Jalbrzikowski
Background and Hypothesis Structural brain alterations are well-established features of schizophrenia but they do not effectively predict disease/disease risk. Similar to polygenic risk scores in genetics, we integrated multifactorial aspects of brain structure into a summary “Neuroscore” and examined its potential as a marker of disease. Study Design We extracted measures from T1-weighted scans and
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Evidence for Reduced Sensory Precision and Increased Reliance on Priors in Hallucination-Prone Individuals in a General Population Sample Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-13 David Benrimoh, Victoria L Fisher, Rashina Seabury, Ely Sibarium, Catalina Mourgues, Doris Chen, Albert Powers
Background There is increasing evidence that people with hallucinations overweight perceptual beliefs relative to incoming sensory evidence. Past work demonstrating prior overweighting has used simple, nonlinguistic stimuli. However, auditory hallucinations in psychosis are often complex and linguistic. There may be an interaction between the type of auditory information being processed and its perceived
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Self-concept and Narrative Identity in Youth at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-10-11 Henry R Cowan, Dan P McAdams, Leah Ouellet, Courtney M Jones, Vijay A Mittal
Background and Hypothesis Disturbances of the narrative self and personal identity accompany the onset of psychotic disorders in late adolescence and early adulthood (a formative developmental stage for self-concept and personal narratives). However, these issues have primarily been studied retrospectively after illness onset, limiting any inferences about their developmental course. Study Design Youth
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Understanding the Causal Pathway of Social Determinants of Psychosis: The Role of Social Functioning, Relevance of Animal Models, and Implications for Treatment Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-09-06 Amy M Jimenez, Michael F Green
There is mounting evidence that the social determinants of psychosis operate via a long and circuitous route. Here, we comment on the striking findings from a recent study by Ku et al., that area-level social environmental factors yield social disability and increased risk for schizophrenia through intervening variables and over a long time course. We discuss the relevance of animal models of social
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A Child–Parent Dyad Study on Adolescent Paranoia and the Influence of Adverse Life Events, Bullying, Parenting Stress, and Family Support Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Jessica L Kingston, Lyn Ellett, Elizabeth C Thompson, Brandon A Gaudiano, Katarina Krkovic
Background Paranoid beliefs commonly occur in the general adolescent population. Exposure to adverse life events (ALEs) and/or bullying are important environmental risk factors. The extent to which others, especially parents, are available to help a young person cope with stressful situations may offset this risk. Study Design A cross-sectional adolescent-parent dyad design (n = 142 pairs) was used
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Hallucination-Proneness is Associated With a Decrease in Robust Averaging of Perceptual Evidence Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Emmett M Larsen, Jingwen Jin, Xian Zhang, Kayla R Donaldson, Megan Liew, Guillermo Horga, Christian Luhmann, Aprajita Mohanty
Background and Hypothesis Hallucinations are characterized by disturbances in perceptual decision-making about environmental stimuli. When integrating across multiple stimuli to form a perceptual decision, typical observers engage in “robust averaging” by down-weighting extreme perceptual evidence, akin to a statistician excluding outlying data. Furthermore, observers adapt to contexts with more unreliable
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Antipsychotic Medication and Risk of Metabolic Disorders in People With Schizophrenia: A Longitudinal Study Using the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-25 Emily Eyles, Ruta Margelyte, Hannah B Edwards, Paul A Moran, David S Kessler, Simon J C Davies, Blanca Bolea-Alamañac, Maria Theresa Redaniel, Sarah A Sullivan
Background and Hypothesis Antipsychotics are first-line drug treatments for schizophrenia. When antipsychotic monotherapy is ineffective, combining two antipsychotic drugs is common although treatment guidelines warn of possible increases in side effects. Risks of metabolic side effects with antipsychotic polypharmacy have not been fully investigated. This study examined associations between antipsychotic
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Basal-Forebrain Cholinergic Nuclei Alterations are Associated With Medication and Cognitive Deficits Across the Schizophrenia Spectrum Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Julia Schulz, Felix Brandl, Michel J Grothe, Matthias Kirschner, Stefan Kaiser, André Schmidt, Stefan Borgwardt, Josef Priller, Christian Sorg, Mihai Avram
Background and Hypothesis The cholinergic system is altered in schizophrenia. Particularly, patients’ volumes of basal-forebrain cholinergic nuclei (BFCN) are lower and correlated with attentional deficits. It is unclear, however, if and how BFCN changes and their link to cognitive symptoms extend across the schizophrenia spectrum, including individuals with at-risk mental state for psychosis (ARMS)
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Altered Temporal Dynamics of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Adolescent-Onset First-Episode Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Mireia Masias Bruns, Juan Pablo Ramirez-Mahaluf, Isabel Valli, María Ortuño, Daniel Ilzarbe, Elena de la Serna, Olga Puig Navarro, Nicolas A Crossley, Miguel Ángel González Ballester, Inmaculada Baeza, Gemma Piella, Josefina Castro-Fornieles, Gisela Sugranyes
Background Dynamic functional connectivity (dFC) alterations have been reported in patients with adult-onset and chronic psychosis. We sought to examine whether such abnormalities were also observed in patients with first episode, adolescent-onset psychosis (AOP), in order to rule out potential effects of chronicity and protracted antipsychotic treatment exposure. AOP has been suggested to have less
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Familial Risk for Schizophrenia vs Bipolar Disorder and Task-Based Neural Activation: A functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Meta-Analysis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Petra E Rupert, Michael Pogue-Geile
Background and Hypothesis Individuals at familial risk for developing schizophrenia (FRSZ) or bipolar disorder (FRBD) have shared and unique genetic risks. Few studies have compared neural activation between these two groups. Therefore, the present meta-analysis investigated functional brain similarities and differences between FRSZ and FRBD individuals. Study Design A systematic literature review
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Methodological Characteristics and Feasibility of Ecological Momentary Assessment Studies in Psychosis: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Imogen H Bell, Emily Eisner, Stephanie Allan, Sharla Cartner, John Torous, Sandra Bucci, Neil Thomas
Background Ecological momentary assessment (EMA) involves completing multiple surveys over time in daily life, capturing in-the-moment experiences in real-world contexts. EMA use in psychosis studies has surged over several decades. To critically examine EMA use in psychosis research and assist future researchers in designing new EMA studies, this systematic review aimed to summarize the methodological
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Medical and Psychiatric Care Preceding the First Psychotic Disorder Diagnosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Nicole M Benson, Zhiyou Yang, Vicki Fung, Sharon-Lise Normand, Matcheri S Keshavan, Dost Öngür, John Hsu
Background Individuals with psychotic symptoms experience substantial morbidity and have shortened life expectancies; early treatment may mitigate the worst effects. Understanding care preceding a first psychotic disorder diagnosis is critical to inform early detection and intervention. Study Design In this observational cohort study using comprehensive information from the Massachusetts All-Payer
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Associating Multimodal Neuroimaging Abnormalities With the Transcriptome and Neurotransmitter Signatures in Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Yuling Luo, Debo Dong, Huan Huang, Jingyu Zhou, Xiaojun Zuo, Jian Hu, Hui He, Sisi Jiang, Mingjun Duan, Dezhong Yao, Cheng Luo
Background and Hypothesis Schizophrenia is a multidimensional disease. This study proposes a new research framework that combines multimodal meta-analysis and genetic/molecular architecture to solve the consistency in neuroimaging biomarkers of schizophrenia and whether these link to molecular genetics. Study Design We systematically searched Web of Science, PubMed, and BrainMap for the amplitude of
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Longitudinal MicroRNA Signature of Conversion to Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-22 Anton Iftimovici, Qin He, Chuan Jiao, Edouard Duchesnay, Marie-Odile Krebs, Oussama Kebir, Boris Chaumette
Background and Hypothesis The emergence of psychosis in ultra-high-risk subjects (UHR) is influenced by gene-environment interactions that rely on epigenetic mechanisms such as microRNAs. However, whether they can be relevant pathophysiological biomarkers of psychosis’ onset remains unknown. Study Design We present a longitudinal study of microRNA expression, measured in plasma by high-throughput sequencing
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Serious Mental Illness, Glycemic Control, and Neighborhood Factors within an Urban Diabetes Cohort Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-19 Esti Iturralde, Anna D Rubinsky, Kim H Nguyen, Chelsie Anderson, Courtney R Lyles, Christina Mangurian
Background and Hypothesis Serious mental illness (SMI) may compromise diabetes self-management. This study assessed the association between SMI and glycemic control, and explored sociodemographic predictors and geographic clustering of this outcome among patients with and without SMI. Study Design We used electronic health record data for adult primary care patients with diabetes from 2 San Francisco
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Effects of Exercise on Structural and Functional Brain Patterns in Schizophrenia—Data From a Multicenter Randomized-Controlled Study Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-19 Lukas Roell, Daniel Keeser, Boris Papazov, Moritz Lembeck, Irina Papazova, David Greska, Susanne Muenz, Thomas Schneider-Axmann, Eliska B Sykorova, Christina E Thieme, Bob O Vogel, Sebastian Mohnke, Charlotte Huppertz, Astrid Roeh, Katriona Keller-Varady, Berend Malchow, Sophia Stoecklein, Birgit Ertl-Wagner, Karsten Henkel, Bernd Wolfarth, Wladimir Tantchik, Henrik Walter, Dusan Hirjak, Andrea Schmitt
Background and Hypothesis Aerobic exercise interventions in people with schizophrenia have been demonstrated to improve clinical outcomes, but findings regarding the underlying neural mechanisms are limited and mainly focus on the hippocampal formation. Therefore, we conducted a global exploratory analysis of structural and functional neural adaptations after exercise and explored their clinical implications
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Prefrontal and Hippocampal Parvalbumin Interneurons in Animal Models for Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-16 Thamyris Santos-Silva, Débora dos Santos Fabris, Cilene Lino de Oliveira, Francisco S Guimarães, Felipe V Gomes
Background Consistent with postmortem findings in patients, most animal models for schizophrenia (SCZ) present abnormal levels of parvalbumin (PV), a marker of fast-spiking GABAergic interneurons, in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP). However, there are discrepancies in the literature. PV reductions lead to a functional loss of PV interneurons, which is proposed to underly SCZ symptoms
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Immune-Inflammatory Response And Compensatory Immune-Regulatory Reflex Systems And White Matter Integrity in Schizophrenia Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-04 Mengzhuang Gou, Wenjin Chen, Yanli Li, Song Chen, Wei Feng, Shujuan Pan, Xingguang Luo, Shuping Tan, Baopeng Tian, Wei Li, Jinghui Tong, Yanfang Zhou, Hongna Li, Ting Yu, Zhiren Wang, Ping Zhang, Junchao Huang, Peter Kochunov, Li Tian, Chiang-Shan R Li, L Elliot Hong, Yunlong Tan
Background and Hypothesis Low-grade neural and peripheral inflammation are among the proposed pathophysiological mechanisms of schizophrenia. White matter impairment is one of the more consistent findings in schizophrenia but the underlying mechanism remains obscure. Many cerebral white matter components are sensitive to neuroinflammatory conditions that can result in demyelination, altered oligodendrocyte
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The Relevance of Animal Models of Social Isolation and Social Motivation for Understanding Schizophrenia: Review and Future Directions Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Susan B Powell, Neal R Swerdlow
Background and Hypotheses Social dysfunction in schizophrenia includes symptoms of withdrawal and deficits in social skills, social cognition, and social motivation. Based on the course of illness, with social withdrawal occurring prior to psychosis onset, it is likely that the severity of social withdrawal/isolation contributes to schizophrenia neuropathology. Study Design We review the current literature
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Predictors of Mortality Following a Schizophrenia Spectrum Diagnosis: Evidence From the 20-Year Follow-up of the OPUS Randomized Controlled Trial Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-08-01 Marie Stefanie Kejser Starzer, Helene Gjervig Hansen, Carsten Hjorthøj, Helene Speyer, Nikolai Albert, Merete Nordentoft
Background and Hypothesis The life expectancy of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia is 10–12 years lower than in the general population and the mortality gap seems to be worsening. Many of these deaths might be avoidable. We aimed to determine mortality rates and causes of death after a first-episode psychosis, and to examine if clinical characteristics at baseline or during illness could predict
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Resolving the Delusion Paradox Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-21 Predrag Petrovic, Philipp Sterzer
Background and Hypothesis The neurocomputational framework of predictive processing (PP) provides a promising approach to explaining delusions, a key symptom of psychotic disorders. According to PP, the brain makes inferences about the world by weighing prior beliefs against the available sensory data. Mismatches between prior beliefs and sensory data result in prediction errors that may update the
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Temporal Interactions Between Social Motivation and Behavior In Daily Life Among Individuals at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-20 Gregory P Strauss, Ian M Raugh, Lauren Luther, Elaine F Walker, Vijay A Mittal
Background and Hypotheses Poor social functioning is common among individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis and is associated with greater likelihood of conversion. Unfortunately, processes contributing to social impairment are unclear, making social functioning difficult to improve via treatment. The current study examined whether abnormalities in social functioning result from aberrant
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Epidemiological and Genetic Analyses of Schizophrenia and Breast Cancer Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-19 Mingshuang Tang, Xueyao Wu, Wenqiang Zhang, Huijie Cui, Li Zhang, Peijing Yan, Chao Yang, Yutong Wang, Lin Chen, Chenghan Xiao, Yunjie Liu, Yanqiu Zou, Chunxia Yang, Ling Zhang, Yuqin Yao, Zhenmi Liu, Jiayuan Li, Xia Jiang, Ben Zhang
Background and Hypothesis While the phenotypic association between schizophrenia and breast cancer has been observed, the underlying intrinsic link is not adequately understood. We aim to conduct a comprehensive interrogation on both phenotypic and genetic relationships between schizophrenia and breast cancer. Study Design We first used data from UK Biobank to evaluate a phenotypic association and
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Retinal Neurodegeneration as a Potential Biomarker of Accelerated Aging in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders Schizophr. Bull. (IF 6.6) Pub Date : 2023-07-17 Brittany A Blose, Adriann Lai, Christen Crosta, Judy L Thompson, Steven M Silverstein
Background and Hypotheses Several biological markers are believed to reflect accelerated aging in schizophrenia spectrum disorders; however, retinal neural changes have not yet been explored as potential CNS biomarkers of accelerated aging in this population. The aim of this study was to determine whether retinal neural layer thinning is more strongly related to age in schizophrenia and schizoaffective