OBJECTIVE Improvement in emotion regulation is a proposed transdiagnostic mechanism of change. However, treatment research is limited by disorder-specific investigations that assess a narrow number of emotion regulation strategies. Moreover, most assess pre-to-post-treatment change without examining short-term changes throughout psychotherapy that might influence treatment response. METHOD To address

For some time, the gold standard treatment for anxiety disorders has been exposure therapy, defined as the repeated approach of anxiety-inducing situations, memories, or physiological sensations. Existing treatments to target fear and avoidance of pain can be augmented by innovations from exposure research in the anxiety disorders, including greater emphasis on safety learning, the utilization of imaginal

OBJECTIVE Test whether a group-delivered dissonance-based transdiagnostic eating disorder treatment, Body Project Treatment (BPT), produces greater reductions in eating disorder symptoms and higher abstinence from eating disorder behaviors and remittance from eating disorder diagnoses than group-delivered transdiagnostic interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT). METHOD Women with a range of eating disorders

OBJECTIVE Untreated mental disorders are important among low- and middle-income country (LMIC) university students in Latin America, where barriers to treatment are high. Scalable interventions are needed. This study compared transdiagnostic self-guided and guided internet-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (i-CBT) with treatment as usual (TAU) for clinically significant anxiety and depression

OBJECTIVE During treatment, the therapeutic alliance is characterized by rupture and repair episodes, which in turn are associated with psychotherapy outcome. It would be important to have a parsimonious tool to identify ruptures in psychotherapy sessions to provide therapists with meaningful feedback about when they occur. The present study thus aims to establish whether measuring self-reported alliance

OBJECTIVE The objective of this research was to determine the efficacy and safety of an optimized informed consent (OIC) consultation for psychotherapy. METHOD We performed a randomized controlled superiority online trial involving 2 weeks of treatment and 3 months of follow-up. One hundred twenty-two adults with mental disorders confirmed by structured interview currently neither in out- nor inpatient

OBJECTIVE Difficulties with emotion regulation (ER) are a risk factor for the development and maintenance of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Less is known about temporal relations between ER and PTSD symptom change during treatment, including whether ER may represent a more potent change ingredient for some patients relative to others. This study examined the association between within-patient

Psychological therapies are highly effective interventions for a range of mental health conditions and often preferred by many patients over medication. Unfortunately, most people who could benefit from these therapies do not receive them. This is true even in the United States, which enjoys relatively high numbers of mental health professionals. The lack of access is further compounded by structural

OBJECTIVE Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is the most common personality disorder, affecting 1.8% of the general population, 10% of psychiatric outpatients, and 15%-25% of psychiatric inpatients. Practice guidelines recommend psychotherapies as first-line treatments. However, psychotherapies commonly used for the treatment of BPD are numerous, and little is known about the comparative effectiveness

In this article, Schueller and Morris discuss the recent advances made from large language models (LLMs) and generative artificial intelligence (AI). These advances include supporting humans to provide better interventions, understanding processes in clinical interventions, and providing ethical considerations for the use of generative AI in clinical research and practice. (PsycInfo Database Record

OBJECTIVE Precision medicine is an area with great potential for mental health, but has made limited gains prognostically in predicting effective treatments. For refugees exposed to violence, culture may be a crucial factor in predicting treatment outcomes. METHOD For this study, 290 participants from three regions (Afghanistan, the Great Lakes region of Africa, and Iraq and Syria) participated in

OBJECTIVE Few online interventions targeting anxiety and depression in university students are designed for universal delivery, and none for group-level delivery. This randomized controlled trial (NCT No. 04361045) examined the effectiveness of such a prevention program. METHOD StriveWeekly is a web-based intervention designed with weekly self-guided skill modules (e.g., behavioral activation) that

OBJECTIVE Effective psychosocial interventions exist for numerous mental health conditions. However, despite decades of research, limited progress has been made in clarifying the mechanisms that account for their beneficial effects. We know that many treatments work, but we know relatively little about why they work. Mechanisms of change may be obscured due to prior research collapsing across heterogeneous

OBJECTIVE The study examined the effects of therapeutic alliance (TA; relational bond, task collaboration) on externalizing behavior outcomes, how TA can operate differently when children are seen in individual versus group sessions, and how therapist-child disagreement in perceptions of TA affects outcomes. METHOD Three hundred sixty children (Ages 9.2-11.8; 65% male; 78.1% Black) identified as having

OBJECTIVE In this naturalistic study we aimed to investigate the relationships between two central change processes (affective and cognitive) and two common relationship factors ("Confidence in the therapist" and "Confidence in the treatment"), which have been shown to impact outcomes in a clinical context. We also investigated whether these interrelationships varied across treatment orientations (i

OBJECTIVE Suicide rates among African American adolescents have increased exponentially in recent years. The socioecological stressors that can increase suicide risk for African American adolescents, in conjunction with unique suicide risk manifestations within this group, require culturally sensitive preventive interventions. This study examines the efficacy of the Adapted-Coping With Stress course

OBJECTIVES Graduate students are at greater risk of developing mental health concerns than other adults in their age group. Despite the need for care within this population, there is a lack of literature on accessible interventions designed specifically to meet the needs of graduate students. The present study examines the efficacy of a novel intervention: Mood Lifters for Graduate Students (ML-GS)

OBJECTIVE This study estimated the size of therapist effects (TEs) for dropout and clinical effectiveness of two trauma-focused psychotherapies (TFPs) and evaluated whether therapy delivery and clinic organizational factors explained observed TEs. METHOD Participants were 180 therapists (54.4% psychologists, 42.2% social workers) from 137 Veterans Health Administration facilities and 1,735 patients

Despite being targets of intervention practice and research for over 60 years, autistic people have been left out of the conversation. Until recently, nearly no research or implementation work has sought the input of autistic people in regard to the design of interventions and, more importantly, how the goals for such interventions are prioritized and determined. This reframe has profound implications

OBJECTIVE This study determined the characteristics of engagement and whether engagement in an adaptive preventive intervention (API) was associated with reduced binge drinking and alcohol-related consequences. METHOD Incoming students were recruited for a sequential multiple assignment randomized trial (SMART; N = 891, 62.4% female, 76.8% non-Hispanic White) with an assessment-only control group.

OBJECTIVE First Nations peoples experience disproportionate health inequities compared to most non-Indigenous populations. Historical trauma is one factor that has received growing attention in relation to health inequities among First Nations populations. The goal of the present study was to improve understanding of the specific forms, impacts, and mechanisms of transmission of events that lead to

OBJECTIVE With its anonymity and accessibility, text-based online counseling has shown great potential in reaching people with mental health needs. One strategy adopted to meet the service gap is concurrent counseling, that is, each counselor attending to more than one client at a time. To date, there is no reported evidence supporting its rationality and effectiveness. This study investigated the

OBJECTIVE The potential prognostic role of emotion regulation in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) has been highlighted by transtheoretical literature and supported by promising empirical findings. The majority of the literature is based on self-report observations at a single snapshot, thus little is known about the prognostic value of moment-to-moment dynamic evolvement of emotion

OBJECTIVE This randomized comparative effectiveness trial evaluated a novel insomnia treatment using acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) among women veterans. Participants received either the acceptance and the behavioral changes to treat insomnia (ABC-I) or cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I). The primary objectives were to determine whether ABC-I was noninferior to CBT-I in improving

OBJECTIVE Digital delivery of mindfulness-based cognitive therapy through the Mindful Mood Balance (MMB) program is clinically effective (Segal et al., 2020); however, the mechanisms through which this program delivers its benefits have not been established. METHOD This study investigates the differential impact of the MMB program paired with usual depression care (UDC) compared to UDC alone on the

OBJECTIVE The dose-response model of change in psychotherapy posits that each session of therapy is incrementally beneficial across patients. The contrasting good-enough level model suggests that patients improve at different rates in therapy and discontinue treatment when they are satisfied with their improvement. Support for each theory has been mixed, and many prior studies have relied on samples

OBJECTIVE Behavioral activation (BA) is a brief intervention for depression encouraging gradual and systematic re-engagement with rewarding activities and behaviors. Given this treatment focus, BA may be particularly beneficial for adolescents with prominent anhedonia, a predictor of poor treatment response and common residual symptom. We applied group iterative multiple model estimation (GIMME) to

OBJECTIVE Although interpersonal problems are assumed to play an important role in the treatment of depression and anxiety, meta-analytic attempts to explore the association between interpersonal problems and outcome in psychotherapy for these patients are missing. This study aims to conduct a systematic review and meta-analytic synthesis of the association between patients' baseline interpersonal

OBJECTIVE Youth involved in the justice system (YIJ) have higher rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STB) and associated behavioral health (BH) problems, yet lower levels of service use compared to youth in the general population. This study examined the efficacy of e-Connect, a digital clinical decision support system (CDSS), at improving STB risk identification, referral, and linkage to BH

OBJECTIVE The present study tested the validity and clinical utility of adolescents' reports of two distinct modes of processing during the recall of a suicidal episode in the Suicide Narrative Interview (SNI). Recall Intensity (RI) items were designed to capture a tendency to become immersed in thoughts and feelings during the interview, while Meaning Making (MM) items were designed to assess more

OBJECTIVE There is inconclusive evidence regarding sexual identity and race/ethnicity differences in outcomes in evidence-based psychological treatments. Although dialectical behavior therapy (DBT) is well-studied, little is known about the extent to which its efficacy generalizes to sexual minority and racial/ethnic minority people. This study examined sexual identity, race/ethnicity, and their interaction

OBJECTIVE The aim of this naturalistic process study was to investigate the relationship between self-compassion, fear of compassion from others, and depressive symptoms over the course of psychotherapy in patients with chronic depression. METHOD A sample of 226 patients with chronic depression who received inpatient short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy (STPP) provided weekly self-report measures

OBJECTIVE Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have significant impairment in social competence and reduced social salience. SENSE Theatre, a peer-mediated, theater-based intervention has demonstrated posttreatment gains in face memory and social communication. The multisite randomized clinical trial compared the Experimental (EXP; SENSE Theatre) to an Active Control Condition (ACC; Tackling

OBJECTIVE Therapeutic alliance is one of the most stable predictors of outcome in psychotherapy, regardless of theoretical orientation. The alliance-outcome relationship in internet-based treatments has been investigated with mixed results. There is preliminary evidence that emotion regulation can work as a mediator for the alliance-outcome relationship. The present study aimed to investigate whether

OBJECTIVE Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a major public health issue. Despite increased research efforts in clinical samples, we still have little understanding of the short-term correlates, predictors, and targets of NSSI among treatment-seeking individuals. The present study was designed to (a) evaluate how suicidal thoughts, interpersonal difficulties, hopelessness, and affective states are associated

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the efficacy of different approaches to personalization in psychological therapy. METHOD This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials that compared the mental health outcomes of personalized treatment with standardized treatment and other control groups. Eligible studies were identified through three databases (Scopus, APA PsycInfo, and Web of

OBJECTIVE To test the long-term effects of a group-based, psychological intervention designed to reduce internalized weight stigma (IWS, i.e., self-stigma), delivered in combination with behavioral weight loss (BWL) treatment, compared to BWL alone. METHOD Adults with obesity who had experienced and IWS (N = 105, Mage = 49 years, 90.5% women, 70.5% White, 24.8% Black, MBMI = 38 kg/m²) were randomized

OBJECTIVE In recent years, it has been suggested that the modification of dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions plays a central role as a mechanism of change in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Indeed, several studies have shown that changes in dysfunctional posttraumatic cognitions precede and predict symptom change. However, these studies have investigated

OBJECTIVE To examine the relationship between health belief model (HBM; i.e., perceived threat, benefits, costs, and self-efficacy) and theory of planned behavior (TPB; i.e., attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral control) constructs and parents' intention to participate and initial engagement (i.e., recruitment, enrollment, and first attendance) with a parenting intervention. METHOD Participants

OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the efficacy of the 2GETHER relationship education and HIV prevention program for young male couples in reducing risk for HIV. METHOD We conducted a comparative effectiveness randomized controlled trial of 2GETHER, a five-session hybrid group- and couple-based intervention delivered via videoconference, relative to a single-session HIV testing and risk reduction counseling

OBJECTIVE A comprehensive quantitative summary of the efficacy and acceptability of psychological interventions (PIs) for adult posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is lacking. METHOD We conducted a systematic literature search to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the efficacy and acceptability (all-cause dropout) of psychological interventions (i.e., trauma-focused cognitive behavior

This article briefly discusses reasons why some mental health professionals are resistant to self-care. These reasons include the savior complex, avoidance, and lack of collegial assiduity. Several proposed solutions are offered. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

OBJECTIVE Client-therapist physiological synchrony has recently attracted significant empirical attention. Recent theoretical accounts propose that physiological linkages should not be considered a stable dyadic virtue but rather a dynamic process that depends on the situational context in which they transpire. The present study adopted a "momentary" (vs. "global") approach that focuses on therapist-client

OBJECTIVE Patient-reported outcomes data reveal differences both in therapists' global effectiveness across their average patient (between-therapist effect) and in treating different problems within their caseload (within-therapist effects). Yet, it is unclear how accurately therapists perceive their own measurement-based, problem-specific effectiveness and whether such self-perceptions predict global

OBJECTIVE The mechanisms of change in digital interventions for the prevention of depression are largely unknown. Here, we explored whether five theoretically derived intervening variables (i.e., pain intensity, pain-related disability, pain self-efficacy, quality of life [QoL], and work capacity) were mediating the effectiveness of a digital intervention specifically designed to prevent depression

OBJECTIVE As part of a larger community-based, service-driven research project, the primary purpose of this pilot randomized study was to examine the feasibility and acceptability of delivering time-limited adaptations of parent-child interaction therapy (PCIT) and child-parent psychotherapy (CPP) within a sample of children experiencing homelessness. The secondary goal was to examine the promise of

OBJECTIVE College students are at particularly high risk for mental health problems, such as eating disorders, which are associated with functional impairment, distress, and morbidity, but barriers limit implementation of evidence-based interventions at colleges. We evaluated the effectiveness and implementation quality of a peer educator (PE) delivered eating disorder prevention program (the Body

OBJECTIVE Determine whether a novel psychosocial treatment for positive affect improves clinical status and reward sensitivity more than a form of cognitive behavioral therapy that targets negative affect and whether improvements in reward sensitivity correlate with improvements in clinical status. METHOD In this assessor-blinded, parallel-group, multisite, two-arm randomized controlled clinical superiority

OBJECTIVE Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is efficacious for hoarding disorder (HD), though results are modest. HD patients show an increase in activity in the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) when making decisions. The aim of this study is to determine whether CBT's benefits follow improvements in dACC dysfunction or abnormalities previously identified in other brain regions. METHOD In this

OBJECTIVE Patient trust/respect toward their therapists may be an important component of patient-therapist relationships. This randomized controlled trial evaluated the impact of providing weekly feedback to therapists regarding patient ratings of trust/respect toward their therapist. METHOD Adult patients seeking mental health treatment at four community clinics (two community mental health centers

OBJECTIVE Cognitive therapy (CT), mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR), and behavior therapy (BT) for chronic pain treatment produce outcome improvements. Evidence also suggests that changes in putative therapeutic mechanisms are associated with changes in outcomes. Nonetheless, methodological limitations preclude clear understanding of how psychosocial chronic pain treatments work. In this comparative

OBJECTIVE Identify implementation factors, including intervention, facilitator, participant, and college factors, that were associated with larger reductions in eating disorder symptoms for undergraduates who completed a dissonance-based eating disorder prevention program delivered by peer educators in an implementation support trial. The goal was to determine how to maximize the effects of this prevention

OBJECTIVE Treatments that alleviate insomnia over the long term are critical. We evaluated the relative long-term efficacy of cognitive therapy (CT), behavior therapy (BT), and cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) for insomnia. METHOD Patients (N = 188, 62.2% female, 81.1% White, 6.5% Hispanic or Latinx, Mage = 47.4 years) with insomnia were randomized to eight sessions of CT, BT, or CBT for insomnia.

This article discusses the fundamental need for lived experience perspectives in developing and evaluating psychotherapies. The primary professional goal of clinical psychology is to serve individuals and communities living with or at risk of mental illness. To date, the field has fallen persistently short of this goal, despite decades of research on evidence-based treatments and myriad innovations

OBJECTIVE Psychotherapy is the first-line treatment for borderline personality disorder (BPD) in evidence-based care. The effects are, on average, medium; however, nonresponse rates point to differential treatment effects. Personalized treatment selection has the potential to improve outcomes, but they depend on the heterogeneity of treatment effects (HTEs), which this article seeks to establish. METHOD

This article discusses psychosocial interventions in the contexts they are meant to be delivered. Prevention and intervention science often follow the linear pathway of preclinical or pre-intervention research-efficacy trials, effectiveness trials, and implementation studies-with the assessment of translation into public and population health impact occurring at the end. This linear translational pathway

OBJECTIVE Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and queer (LGBQ)-affirmative cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) focused on minority stress processes can address gay and bisexual men's transdiagnostic mental and behavioral health concerns. Identifying moderators of treatment outcomes may inform the mechanisms of LGBQ-affirmative CBT and subpopulations who may derive particular benefit. METHOD Data were from a clinical

OBJECTIVE Evaluate whether the Body Project prevention program reduces eating disorder risk factors and symptoms when implemented via synchronous video telepsychiatry, which could markedly increase the reach of this intervention and test whether a pay-it-forward donation model could support sustained implementation of this intervention. METHOD Young women at high risk for eating disorders because of

OBJECTIVE Prior research has demonstrated that discrimination is associated with suicidal ideation among bi + individuals, but little is known about resilience factors (both general and bi + specific) that may buffer these associations. This prospective study examined the main and interactive effects of antibisexual discrimination and resilience factors, including general resilience and positive bi

OBJECTIVE Treatment outcomes are known to vary according to therapist and clinic/organization (therapist effect, clinic effect). Outcomes may also vary according to the neighborhood where a person lives (neighborhood effect), but this has not previously been formally quantified. Evidence suggests that deprivation may contribute to explaining such cluster effects. This study aimed to (a) simultaneously