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Neurophysiological characteristics accompanying runners with Achilles tendinopathy and their influence in triceps surae performance (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-20 Gabriel Lima Fernandes
My PhD aimed to explore the influence of cortical and corticospinal mechanisms of motor control and their influence in plantarflexor performance in runners with Achilles tendinopathy and whether it affected each muscle of the triceps surae differently (figure 1). Alongside neurophysiological measures, I also measured plantarflexor peak isometric torque, using isokinetic dynamometry, and endurance,
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Infographic. Translating the international Delphi consensus on bone stress injuries into clinical practice Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-20 Tim Hoenig, Karsten Hollander, Kristin L Popp, Michael Fredericson, Emily A Kraus, Stuart J Warden, Adam S Tenforde
Bone stress injuries (BSIs) are common overuse injuries affecting an athlete’s ability to participate in sport. Advancements in understanding the pathophysiology, risk factors and management strategies related to BSIs can improve clinical care. This infographic informs clinicians on how to translate the latest research findings from an international Delphi consensus on BSIs in athletes1 into clinical
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Isometric exercise training and resting arterial blood pressure: implications for patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-19 Jamie Edwards
This five-study thesis aimed to establish the comparative effectiveness, optimal application and clinical transferability of isometric exercise training (IET) to better understand its potential role in future exercise guideline recommendations. Study 1 laid the foundations for the thesis with a large-scale comparative systematic review and network meta-analysis comparing IET against other guideline-recommended
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Free, culturally responsive and trauma-informed physical activity service for people experiencing social disadvantage in Sydney, Australia: the ‘Addi Moves’ initiative Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Chiara Mastrogiovanni, Uzma Choudhry, Oscar Lederman, Grace McKeon, Kemi Wright, Jackie Curtis, Rachel Morell, Kala Miranda, Scott Teasdale, Gülşah Kurt, Sabuj Kanti Mistry, Philip B Ward, Rosanna Barbero, Simon Rosenbaum
People experiencing social disadvantage (eg, financial hardship) are at risk of poor health.1 Physical activity is an evidence-based strategy to improve physical and mental health,2 and free, tailored programs may enhance participation in underserved populations.3 Founded in 2022, Addi Moves is a free, culturally responsive and trauma-informed physical activity service for individuals experiencing
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Role of video review for sport-related concussion identification: a systematic review Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-18 Dominic Charles Townsend, Abigail Saker, Katie Scandrett, Matthew Green, Michael Brownlow, Paddy Riley, Mark Gillett, Antonio Belli
Objective To determine the frequency and diagnostic utility of visible signs identified through video review for sport-related concussion detection and to evaluate the role of injury mechanism in predicting concussions. Design Systematic review. Data sources MEDLINE, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library from 2001 to June 2024. Eligibility criteria Original, peer-reviewed studies focusing
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Returning women to sport and exercise: overcoming challenges across life stages Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Christopher James Holland, Kirsten Wing, Hollie Charles, Ashley Jones
Sport, exercise and physical activity are vital for women’s health and well-being, yet returning to these activities following injury, postpartum and through ageing can be challenging.1–3 There has been an ongoing fight for women to be treated the same as men, including the battle for equal pay, respect, access and media coverage. However, there is a growing demand, fuelled by an increase in the understanding
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Rethinking chronic plantar heel pain management: moving beyond mechanical models Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Matheus Vieira Rosa, André Setti Persiane, Liu Chiao Yi
Plantar heel pain is the most common foot and ankle condition treated in clinical settings, often leading to persistent symptoms and functional limitations.1 Although multiple factors contribute to its development, most research has focused on the plantar fascia as the primary structure involved. Regarding its natural history, studies indicate that symptom reduction generally occurs over 12 months;
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NICE Standard for low back pain and sciatica needs urgent revision Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Crystian B Oliveira, Gustavo C Machado, Martin Underwood, Chris G Maher
Low back pain is the leading cause of years lived with disability, imposing an enormous economic burden on society. In the UK, the cost of treating low back pain in general practice alone was estimated to be £3.2 billion in 2015, with 80% of these costs attributed to healthcare consultations.1 The healthcare costs of low back pain and neck pain were estimated to be US$134.5 billion in the USA in 2016
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Athletes with hip dysplasia: current understanding, management and future directions Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Michael JM O’Brien, Andrew K Wallis, Joshua J Heerey, Tønning Lisa Urup, Inger Mechlenburg, Julie Sandell Sandell Jacobsen, Jitendra Balakumar, Joanne L Kemp
Hip dysplasia is a developmental condition that can be congenital or occur throughout childhood and increases the risk of hip osteoarthritis. It is associated with pain and impairments in young adults and can be career-ending for professional athletes. Rehabilitation often involves high-level goals and expectations, and there is no guarantee that interventions (both surgical and non-surgical) can always
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Breaking the silence: addressing pelvic floor dysfunction in female athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Rachel Lindsey Bevins, Christopher James Holland
Pelvic floor health is recognised as one of the 10 domains of female athlete health that should be included in illness and injury surveillance.1 However, pelvic floor health and dysfunction are not typically covered within sport and exercise medicine (SEM) training. Consequently, many females report not being asked about their pelvic health, and athletes, in particular, report being unlikely to disclose
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Diagnostic domains, differential diagnosis and conditions requiring further medical attention that are considered important in the assessment for Achilles tendinopathy: a Delphi consensus study Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Peter Malliaras, Karin Gravare Silbernagel, Robert-Jan de Vos, Jaryd Bourke, Igor Sancho, Shawn L Hanlon, Anne-Sofie Agergaard, Roald Bahr, Natália Franco Netto Bittencourt, Marcelo Bordalo, Annelie Brorsson, Victoria Tzortziou Brown, Tanusha Cardoso, Sally Child, Ruth L Chimenti, Emma Cowley, Pieter D’Hooghe, Wayne Derman, Jonathan T Finnoff, Siu Ngor Fu, Jill Halstead, Bruce Hamilton, Katarina Maria
The absence of agreed methods to diagnose Achilles tendinopathy impedes research and clinical practice. This gap results in heterogeneous and/or poorly described study samples, making it challenging to apply findings in clinical practice. The aim of this Delphi study was to define consensus on (1) diagnostic domains; (2) differential diagnoses; and (3) conditions requiring further medical attention
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ICRS-FIFA-Aspetar consensus on the management of knee cartilage injuries in football players: part 1 – appropriateness of surgery in different clinical scenarios using the RAND/UCLA appropriateness method Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Elizaveta Kon, Emmanuel Papakostas, Luca Andriolo, Andreas Serner, Andrew Massey, Peter Verdonk, Peter Angele, Claudia Arias, Camila Cohen Kaleka, Ramon Cugat, Pieter D'Hooghe, Francesco Della Villa, Cristiano Eirale, Christoph Erggelet, João Espregueira-Mendes, Christian Fink, Celeste Geertsema, Liesel Geertsema, Cassandra A Lee, Bert Mandelbaum, Norimasa Nakamura, David A Parker, Kristof Sas, Bertrand
Knee cartilage lesions are frequent in football players, but evidence for surgical treatment is lacking. The aim of this International Cartilage Regeneration & Joint Preservation Society, Fédération Internationale de Football Association, and Aspetar (ICRS-FIFA-Aspetar) consensus was to develop specific expert-based, patient-specific practical recommendations on the appropriateness of non-surgical
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Efficacy of cognitive functional therapy for pain intensity and disability in patients with non-specific chronic low back pain: a randomised sham-controlled trial Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Mariana Romano de Lira, Ney Meziat-Filho, Gabriela Zuelli Martins Silva, Julia Castro, Jessica Fernandez, Rinaldo Roberto de Jesus Guirro, Roger Berg, Thais Cristina Chaves
Objective This study investigated the efficacy of cognitive functional therapy (CFT) versus a sham procedure for pain intensity and disability for patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (CLBP). Methods This is a randomised sham-controlled trial conducted in a primary care public health service. A total of 152 participants were randomly assigned to the CFT group (n=76) and the sham group (n=76)
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Effect of intravenous iron therapy on exercise performance, fatigue scores and mood states in iron-deficient recreationally active females of reproductive age: a double-blind, randomised control trial (IRONWOMAN Trial) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Cory Dugan, Peter Peeling, Paige Buissink, Beth MacLean, Jayne Lim, Pradeep Jayasuriya, Toby Richards
Objectives Non-anaemic iron deficiency (IDNA) is highly prevalent in exercising females. Although iron therapy can be used to correct this issue, its impact on exercise performance is equivocal. Our aim was to assess the efficacy of intravenous iron therapy on exercise performance, fatigue, mood states, and quality of life in recreationally active IDNA females of reproductive age. Methods Twenty-six
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Sport-specific concomitant injuries, return-to-sport rates and second anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries in adolescents with ACL reconstruction Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Philipp W Winkler, Baldur Thorolfsson, Ramana Piussi, Thorkell Snaebjörnsson, Rebecca Hamrin Senorski, Jon Karlsson, Kristian Samuelsson, Eric Hamrin Senorski
Objective To evaluate differences in sport-specific concomitant injuries, return-to-sport (RTS), second ACL injuries and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) subscales after adolescent ACL reconstruction (ACLR) across popular sports. Methods This prospective cohort study included patients aged 10–18 years at ACLR. Demographic and injury-related data and KOOS subscales before ACLR and
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Sociocultural constructs and sensorimotor control: a scoping review examining implications for anterior cruciate injury Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Katherine F Wilford, Maria Jesus Mena-Iturriaga, Macarena Paz Wainer-Baracatt, Margaret Vugrin, Troy L Hooper, Toby Brooks, C Roger James, Shinye Kim, Gesine H Seeber, Phillip S Sizer
Objective There is a need to explore the many factors that may have a more subtle influence on, or relationship with, sensorimotor control as it pertains to anterior cruciate ligament injury risk. Due to well-established sex/gender-related differences in sensorimotor control, a close examination of key sociocultural constructs is warranted. This scoping review examined the connection between sociocultural
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Infographic. Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine (FSEM) position statement: mouthguards for the prevention of orofacial trauma in sport Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Lynsey Abbey Joslin, Irfan Ahmed, Julie Gallagher, Ian Needleman, Paul Ashley, Asma Aloui, John Patrick Haughey, Peter Fine, Alan Rankin, Gofrane Abdellaoui, Rachel Bower
This position statement from the Faculty of Sport and Exercise Medicine (FSEM) has been developed to assist sporting organisations, individuals, athletes, coaches, medical and dental professionals to integrate comprehensive medical guidance regarding the use of well-fitted mouthguards in at-risk sports (such as American Football, Boxing, Ice Hockey, Field Hockey, Lacrosse, Martial Arts, Rugby, Australian
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Sustainable fitness through virtual reality: how my use of virtual reality helped lead to a healthier lifestyle Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Thomas Saliba
As a junior doctor in my fourth year of radiology training, work plays an outsized role in my life—and there never seem to be enough hours in the day to complete all my tasks. For a long time, I survived on oven pizza and regularly skipped exercise, lacking the time, energy, motivation—or often all three. Over 4 years of specialisation, I had fallen into a routine where engaging in physical activity
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Sleep and mental health following retirement from sport (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Ashley Montero
Retirement from sport can elicit significant psychological distress, particularly when unexpected; however, it is unknown whether former athletes experience poorer mental health and worse sleep than currently competing athletes.1 Therefore, the aim of this PhD project was to understand the risk prevalence of sleep and mental health disorders in diverse samples of current and former athletes. Doing
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From classroom to court: university sports therapists at the Kabaddi World Cup 2025 Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-07-01 Rachel Lindsey Bevins, Christopher James Holland
The second edition of the Kabaddi World Cup, held in the West Midlands, England, from 17 March 2025 to 23 March 2025, showcased the thrilling sport of kabaddi on a global stage. This event not only highlighted the athletic talent of participants from around the world but also highlighted the crucial role of sports therapists in safeguarding the athlete’s health and performance. Coventry University
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Expanding role of sleep in physical activity research and recommendations for lifelong health Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Charlie Zhong, Sidney M Donzella, Lauren Bates-Fraser, Alpa Patel, Erika Rees-Punia
Some of the earliest recommendations around physical activity (PA) were published in the 1970s and focused largely on aerobic fitness. These recommendations were followed by national-level PA guidelines in the US in 2008 and global-level guidelines from the WHO in 2010.1 Since these earlier guidelines, much attention has turned to the converse of PA—sedentary time. In 2016, the Canadian 24-Hour Movement
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Power Training in Older People with Multiple Sclerosis – the PoTOMS trial (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-15 Tobias Gaemelke
The PhD project centred around the ‘Power Training in Older People with Multiple Sclerosis’ (PoTOMS) trial (figure 1). The primary aim of the PoTOMS trial was to compare the effect of a 24-week progressive power training programme (PPT) on whole-brain atrophy rate in older people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The secondary aim was to investigate the effects of PPT on brain microstructures and macrostructures
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Pelvic organ prolapse and physical activity: directions for future research Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Mark T Elliott, Gayathri Delanerolle, Sohier Elneil
The global prevalence of pelvic organ prolapse (PoP) varies widely, but it is estimated that up to 40% of women will experience some degree of PoP in their lifetime. The likelihood of developing PoP increases with age, multiparity, obesity, chronic cough and certain occupational or lifestyle factors.1 Women with PoP often report a fear of engaging in physical activity (PA), driven by concerns that
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Using real-time data capture strategies and within-subject studies to better understand the physical activity health paradox Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 Genevieve F Dunton, Britni R Belcher
Growing evidence suggests that although leisure time physical activity (LTPA) (ie, performed for sports and recreation) leads to positive cardiovascular disease (CVD) outcomes, occupational physical activity (OPA) (ie, activity occurring at work) may not decrease the risk of CVD morbidity and mortality. The potentially contradictory health effects of LTPA and OPA are referred to as the physical activity
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Thermoregulation and dehydration in children and youth exercising in extreme heat compared with adults Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-13 James W Smallcombe, Thomas H Topham, Harry A Brown, Megan Tiong, Brad Clark, Carolyn Broderick, Samuel Chalmers, John Orchard, Yorgi Mavros, Julien D Périard, Ollie Jay
Objective To compare hyperthermia and physiological dehydration risk during exercise heat stress between children of different ages and adults and evaluate an existing adult sweat rate calculator in children. Methods 68 fit and recreationally active children aged 10–16 years (31 girls), and 24 adults aged 18–40 years (11 females) completed three separate 45 min treadmill walking/running trials at different
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Powerpenia: moving towards the detection of meaningful human ‘skeletal muscle’ power loss Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-10 SANDRO Remo FREITAS, Carlos Cruz-Montecinos, Lucimere Bohn, Caroline Pieta-Dias, Fátima Baptista, Hirofumi Tanaka, Anthony John Blazevich, Kazunori Nosaka, Yasuo Kawakami, Walter Herzog, Sébastien Ratel, Ronei Silveira Pinto
By 2050, the global human population is expected to have more than 10 billion people with~17% adults over 65 years old.1 This ageing population is at higher risk of age-associated declines in motor function and an increased prevalence of multiple health disorders.2 3 Research and public policies aimed at detecting and preventing the accelerated decline of motor functional status throughout the life
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Breaking through barriers for type 1 diabetes: introducing Breakthrough T1D Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-09 Christopher Bright
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) impacts around 9.5 million people (1.9 million people under 20) across the world and is a leading chronic health condition impacting those under the age of 18.1 As the condition is lifelong and requires exogenous insulin following diagnosis, it is also classified as a hidden disability in the UK, under the Equality Act 2010. However, when it comes to sport and exercise, mainstream
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Navigating preconception and pregnancy in elite athletes: insights from Australian elite female athletes, athlete support staff and sport organisational staff Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-08 Jasmine Titova, Margie H Davenport, Kate Ames, Melanie Hayman
Objectives The primary objective of this study was to explore the experiences and beliefs of elite female athletes, athlete support staff and sport organisational staff regarding preconception and pregnancy in Australian elite athletes. Secondary objectives were to identify barriers and enablers encountered by elite athletes during preconception and pregnancy, and to use the study findings to develop
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Systematic video analysis of 57 hamstring injuries in women’s football (soccer): injury mechanisms, situational patterns and biomechanics Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-08 Alessandro Pellegrini, Alice Ranzini, Fabio Esposito, Francesco Della Villa, Matteo Zago
Objective To investigate the occurrence and inciting events of hamstring injuries (HSIs) in elite women’s football through video analysis, describing the mechanism, situational patterns and biomechanics of the sport-specific activities performed before and at the time of injury. Methods A descriptive observational study was conducted using video analysis of HSIs from top national and international
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Psychosocial aspects of sports injuries are on the agenda: but what can be measured and assessed during rehabilitation and return to sport? Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-06 Kristian Thorborg, Nikolina Kuburovic, Jenny Viderø Gunnarsson, Laura Mønsted Krohn, N Cederström, Michael Skovdal Rathleff
The impact and consequences of sports-related injuries involve a complex interplay between biological, psychological and social factors. Psychological factors are important because anxiety, fear of reinjury, kinesiophobia, optimism, self-motivation and perceived social support are linked with sports injury rehabilitation and return-to-sport outcomes.1–3 Wiese-Bjornstal et al. 4 proposed an integrated
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Effects of different aerobic high-intensity interval training prescription approaches on cardiorespiratory fitness and performance in distance runners (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-05 Raffaele Mazzolari
The aim of my PhD was to investigate how different approaches to prescribing aerobic high-intensity interval training (HIIT) influence cardiorespiratory fitness and performance in distance runners. Specifically, I compared three methods: a physiological approach (PHY), which individualises intensity using the Delta concept, based on the second lactate threshold (vLT2) and peak treadmill speed (Vpeak);
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Neurodiversity and the mental health and well-being of elite athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-05 Erin Hoare, Lisa S Olive, Kristin L McGinty-Minister, Caragh McMurtry, Courtney C Walton, Kate Hall, Claudia L Reardon, Rosemary Purcell, Michael Berk
Mental health and well-being among elite athletes are accepted as central to athletic performance. Maximising health, and more recently, mental health,1 2 in elite sport is thus pivotal to the physical competencies that underpin athletic success. Neurodiversity is an umbrella term used to recognise the natural variations of all individuals, with neurodivergence often used to refer to attention-deficit/hyperactivity
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Olympic and Paralympic coaches’ perceived barriers to mental health help-seeking: a concept mapping study Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-03 Joshua Frost, Courtney C Walton, Alex Donaldson, Simon M Rice, Rosemary Purcell
Objectives To investigate challenges associated with mental health help-seeking among Olympic and Paralympic coaches. The study also sought to identify which challenges were most important and feasible to address. Methods The study employed a mixed-methods group concept mapping methodology. Participants brainstormed, sorted (into groups) and rated (for importance and feasibility) statements on 5-point
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Digital intervention for increasing physical activity and reducing sedentary behaviour in cancer survivors: a trial within the Cancer Prevention Study-3 cohort Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-02 Erika Rees-Punia, Matt Masters, Scott Whalen, Sheri J Hartman, Kristen Sullivan, J Lee Westmaas, Lauren R Teras, Alpa V Patel
Objective The aims of this study, which uses a trial within a cohort design, were to determine the efficacy of a web-based intervention to increase moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity (MVPA) and decrease sedentary behaviour in cancer survivors. Methods Participants (n=415) in this trial were randomised 2:1 to an interactive physical activity website or a static balance and flexibility
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Paralysed to Paralympian: the strength of support following a spinal cord injury Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-02 Liam McGarry
Despite being an avid sportsman growing up, injuries and illnesses were never really something I encountered. I acquired nicknames such as ‘Roy Keane’ when I played football and ‘McCarry’ when I played rugby. These nicknames usually arose from my love for getting stuck in and putting my body in places most wouldn’t. At age 20, my whole life changed. Without warning, I collapsed on 3 June 2017, later
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The never-ending story of physical activity and health Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Bruce Hamilton, Corey Cunningham
The link between health and physical activity has been enshrined in medical lore since ancient times. Over 2000 years ago, practitioners in India, China, Greece and the Roman Empire espoused the importance of exercise for the maintenance and restoration of health.1 In the centuries that followed, the writings of Hippocrates and Galen centralised the role of physical activity in healthcare, a mantra
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Group-mediated exercise for chronic conditions: an urgent need for implementation and scale-up Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Tim Rees, Mark R Beauchamp, Mark Stevens, Matthew Low, Thomas W Wainwright
By 2050, there will be two billion people in the world aged over 60. Such population ageing will inevitably lead to increases in the prevalence of chronic diseases and healthcare burdens. In the UK alone, over 17 million people live with one or more chronic conditions, taking up 50% of all general practitioner appointments and 70% of the UK’s (c. £200 billion) health and care budget. Finding cost-effective
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Unlocking potential: how sport and exercise medicine clinicians can identify and empower neurodiverse athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Dusty Marie Narducci
Have you ever encountered an athlete who suddenly shouts out or someone who seems disengaged? What was your initial reaction? Did you assume the athlete was being offensive or underperforming that day? Or did you wonder whether they might be neurodiverse? Neurodiversity refers to the natural variations in the human brain that influence how people process information, communicate and engage with their
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It is time to improve our research design, reporting and interpretation of sex and gender in exercise science and sports medicine research Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Amanda D Hagstrom, Joanne L Parsons, Sophia Nimphius, Matthew J Jordan, Stephanie E Coen, Robyn Norton
Historically, much of the research in exercise science and sports medicine has collected, reported and discussed sex and gender as synonymous and interchangeable. This conflation has hindered scientific progress, limiting our understanding and potentially reinforcing social biases through poorly framed research questions, flawed methodological designs and misinterpretations of findings related to sex
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Restoring trust in menopause management: menopause hormone therapy is not a panacea, and physical activity remains a critical intervention Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Louise Tulloh
Despite a renaissance in menopause awareness, the over-medicalisation of women’s midlife health threatens to eclipse foundational interventions like physical activity. Menopause is a pivotal milestone in the female lifespan, marked by important physiological, psychological and musculoskeletal changes. While ‘menopause’, by definition, is a point in time, the perimenopause and postmenopause stages vary
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Quantifying the relative intensity of free-living physical activity: differences across age, association with mortality and clinical interpretation—an observational study Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Alex V Rowlands, Mark W Orme, Benjamin D Maylor, Andrew P Kingsnorth, Joe Henson, Jonathan Goldney, Melanie Davies, Cameron Razieh, Kamlesh Khunti, Francesco Zaccardi, Thomas Yates
Objectives To describe age-related differences in the absolute and relative intensity of physical activity (PA) and associations with mortality. Methods UK Biobank participants with accelerometer-assessed PA (m g ) and fitness data (N=11 463; age: 43–76 years) were included. The intensity distribution of PA was expressed in absolute and relative terms. The outcome was mortality. Results PA volume (average
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Amount and intensity of daily total physical activity, step count and risk of incident cancer in the UK Biobank Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Alaina H Shreves, Scott R Small, Rosemary Walmsley, Shing Chan, Pedro F Saint-Maurice, Steven C Moore, Keren Papier, Kezia Gaitskell, Ruth C Travis, Charles E Matthews, Aiden Doherty
Objectives To investigate associations between daily physical activity, activity intensity and step counts with incident cancer risk. Methods Prospective analysis of UK Biobank participants who wore wrist-based accelerometers for 7 days, followed for cancer incidence (mean follow-up 5.8 years, SD 1.3). Time-series machine-learning models derived total physical activity, sedentary behaviour (SB), light-intensity
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Depression, reduced physical activity and the risk of heart disease: a prospective cohort of European middle-aged and older adults Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Miguel Peralta, Marcelo Nascimento, Gerson Ferrari, Élvio R Gouveia, Adilson Marques
Objective To assess the impact of depression and physical activity (PA) of different intensities on the incidence of heart disease. Methods A prospective cohort study with 20 645 European middle-aged and older adults (mean baseline age 63 years; 55.1% women; median follow-up 9.5 years) was conducted using data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe. The EURO-D 12-item scale assessed
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Cardiorespiratory fitness and health in children and adolescents: an overview of systematic reviews with meta-analyses representing over 125 000 observations covering 33 health-related outcomes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Iryna Demchenko, Stephanie A Prince, Katherine Merucci, Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez, Jean-Philippe Chaput, Brooklyn J Fraser, Taru Manyanga, Ryan McGrath, Francisco B Ortega, Ben Singh, Grant R Tomkinson, Justin J Lang
Objective To synthesise data on the associations between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and health in children and adolescents, evaluate the certainty of evidence and identify knowledge gaps. Design An overview of systematic reviews with meta-analyses. Results were pooled using forest plots and certainty of evidence evaluated with GRADE. Data sources Medline, Embase, Scopus, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus
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Effectiveness of exercise for improving cognition, memory and executive function: a systematic umbrella review and meta-meta-analysis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Ben Singh, Hunter Bennett, Aaron Miatke, Dorothea Dumuid, Rachel Curtis, Ty Ferguson, Jacinta Brinsley, Kimberley Szeto, Jasmine M Petersen, Claire Gough, Emily Eglitis, Catherine EM Simpson, Christina L Ekegren, Ashleigh E Smith, Kirk I Erickson, Carol Maher
Objective To evaluate systematic reviews of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of exercise on general cognition, memory and executive function across all populations and ages. Methods Systematic reviews and meta-analyses of RCTs evaluating the effects of exercise on general cognition, memory and executive function were eligible. Data extraction and risk of bias scoring were conducted
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Role of physical exercise in improving pulmonary function: a radiomic perspective (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Xinyuan Ge
The primary focus of my PhD research was to investigate the relationship between physical exercise and lung function, with a particular emphasis on imaging radiomic features derived from quantitative CT (qCT). My study aimed to uncover how different levels and intensities of physical exercise influence lung structural and functional parameters, as quantified by advanced radiomic analysis. Specifically
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Moving for a healthier mind and stronger community: how Je Bouge Pour Mon Moral transforms lives in France Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Fabien D Legrand
Je Bouge Pour Mon Moral is a French not-for-profit organisation founded in 2021. It is dedicated to supporting individuals suffering from mental health disorders through regular physical activity. The organisation aims to improve the mental well-being of its participants by combining exercise and social connection. Mental health is a major issue in France, affecting 13 million people each year. In
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Infographic. Sharpen your brainpower in minutes with exercise: a synthesis of the first meta-review on acute exercise and cognition Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-30 Yu-Kai Chang, Fei-Fei Ren, Ruei-Hong Li, Jing-Yi Ai, Shih-Chun Kao, Chen-Sin Hung, Marius Brazaitis, Jennifer Etnier
Cognitive function, encompassing essential processes such as perception, attention, memory, language, thinking and executive function, is fundamental to daily life. It drives individual development by enhancing academic achievement and mitigating cognitive decline,1 while also fueling societal progress through improvements in education, productivity and economic outcomes.2 Even transient cognitive
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Proposed minimum dataset for an athlete screening echocardiogram: the Standardised Transthoracic Echocardiogram Reporting in Athletes (STERA) protocol Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Belinda Gray, Angus Davis, Jessica J Orchard, Michael Papadakis, Aaron L Baggish, André La Gerche
Preparticipation screening, including history, physical examination and often a 12-lead ECG, aims to identify athletes with structural and/or arrhythmic cardiovascular conditions that may increase the risk of sudden cardiac death (SCD).1 Importantly, there is often a diagnostic ‘grey zone’ between findings reflective of exercise-induced cardiac remodelling versus true high-risk pathology, highlighting
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Carbon monoxide inhalation to increase haemoglobin mass: a canary in a coal mine for sport? Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Cory Dugan, Stephen Hennigar
The desire to enhance athletic performance drives research into potential ergogenic aids. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colourless, odourless and poisonous gas that is difficult to detect, making it known as the ‘silent killer’.1 Despite its toxicity, CO has found varied applications in medicine and sport.2–9 Although CO can serve as a tool for monitoring performance gains through the measurement of haemoglobin
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Recommendations for cardiac screening and emergency action planning in youth football: a FIFA consensus statement Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Aaron L Baggish, Mats Borjesson, Guido E Pieles, Christian Schmied, Clea Simone Sabino de Souza Colombo, Cecilia Gonzales Corcia, Jonathan A Drezner, Katharina Grimm, Gary Mak, André La Gerche, Ben Levine, Sabiha Gati, Andrew Massey, Prince Pambo, Antonio Pelliccia, Margot Putukian, Yasser Abdelrahman, Sanjay Sharma, Mathew G Wilson, Andreas Serner
Sudden cardiac death is the leading medical cause of death among football players. Determining the optimal cardiac screening, the use of carefully selected medical assessments to detect underlying cardiovascular conditions associated with sudden cardiac arrest/death, is a desired objective of the Fédération Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) for football players of all ages. To date, cardiac
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‘I wish I had been better prepared’: a mixed-methods study of psychological reactions, perceptions and opinions of cardiovascular preparticipation screening among young competitive athletes Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Nicholas Grubic, Matthew Fraser, Meghan K Ford, Braeden Hill, Laura E Mantella, Valentina Mihajlovic, Ryan Bennett, Rohaan Syan, Anhadh Law, Jane S Thornton, Amer M Johri
Objective To evaluate the psychological reactions, perceptions and opinions of cardiovascular preparticipation screening (PPS) among young competitive athletes. Methods This convergent parallel mixed-methods study recruited 222 athletes (mean age: 18.7 years) who underwent PPS at a Canadian university. All athletes completed a cardiovascular history questionnaire, and a subgroup (n=165) additionally
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Longitudinal increase in physical activity and adverse cardiovascular outcomes following the diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Dong-Hyuk Cho, Sae Young Jae, Setor Kunutsor, Jimi Choi, Jun Gyo Gwon
Objectives Physical activity (PA) provides protective effects against cardiovascular diseases, including ischaemic heart disease. However, recommending moderate to vigorous PA (MVPA) to patients with recent acute coronary syndrome (ACS) raises concerns owing to potential risk of recurrent ACS or fatal arrhythmias. This study investigated the association between longitudinal PA changes following an
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Genetic liability to sedentary behaviour and cardiovascular disease incidence in the FinnGen and HUNT cohorts Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Laura Joensuu, Kaisa Koivunen, Niko Paavo Tynkkynen, Teemu Palviainen, Jaakko Kaprio, FinnGen Consortium, Marie Klevjer, Karsten Øvretveit, Ulrik Wisløff, Anja Bye, Ulf Ekelund, Elina Sillanpää
Objective Energy-saving sedentary behaviour may be an evolutionarily selected trait that is no longer advantageous. We investigated the associations between genetic liability to sedentary behaviour and the incidence of the most common cardiovascular disease (CVD). Methods We constructed and validated a genome-wide polygenic score for leisure screen time (PGS LST) as a measure of genetic liability to
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Long-term follow up from the Harvard Alumni Health Study: collegiate sport participation in males is associated with higher physical activity throughout midlife Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Meagan M Wasfy, Uzair Tahamid Siam, Sarah K Gustus, Kevin S Boyd, Adam S Tenforde, Howard Sesso, I-Min Lee
Objective To compare physical activity (PA) over midlife between (1) former collegiate athletes and non-athletes and (2) among athletes in different sports. Methods The Harvard Alumni Health Study (HAHS) is a prospective cohort study of male undergraduates who completed serial questionnaires regarding PA and health status between 1962 and 1993. PA was categorised by intensity (<3 METs, light; 3 to
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Barriers and enablers encountered by elite athletes during preconception and pregnancy: a mixed-methods systematic review Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Jasmine Titova, Margie H Davenport, Alexandra Humphrys, Melanie Hayman
Objective To synthesise the existing literature relating to barriers and enablers encountered by elite athletes during preconception and pregnancy for the purpose of identifying key recommendations and actionable steps to inform the development of pregnancy guidelines to support preconception and pregnancy in national sporting organisations. Design Mixed-methods systematic review with thematic analysis
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Scarred no more—resolution of myocarditis Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Kentaro Yamagata, Peter P Swoboda, Gulraiz Ahmad, Aneil Malhotra
An adolescent athlete presented with chest pain and elevated troponin (troponin T level of 2038 ng/L (normal range <10 ng/L)). Viral swabs, including COVID-19 screening, were negative. The 12-lead ECG demonstrated T-wave inversion with preceding convex ST-elevation in leads V3-V5, I and aVL (figure 1A). Following cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging, a diagnosis of myocarditis was confirmed, and
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Exploration of esports on its participation, health and performance: a mixed-methods study (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-06-01 Di Tang
I investigated how physical exercise influences esports performance and examined fundamental issues in esports development through five interconnected studies. This research focused on establishing standardised terminology, analysing health impacts, exploring gender participation patterns and evaluating the effectiveness of structured exercise programmes in enhancing competitive gaming performance
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Sprint running mechanics are associated with hamstring strain injury: a 6-month prospective cohort study of 126 elite male footballers Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-24 Christopher Bramah, Samantha Rhodes, Alexandra Clarke-Cornwell, Thomas Dos’Santos
Objective To investigate the association between sprint running biomechanics and sprint-related hamstring strain injury (HSI) in elite male football players. Methods This prospective cohort study recruited 126 professional male football players from eight clubs in the English football league, who were followed across a 6-month period. Maximal velocity sprint running videos (240 fps) were collected
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Healthy ageing: strong links between physical activity, falls, injuries and physical function (PhD Academy Award) Br. J. Sports Med. (IF 11.6) Pub Date : 2025-05-22 Wing S Kwok
My doctoral work aimed to advance understanding of the interactions between physical activity, falls and physical function from mid-life to older age. My PhD involved seven papers written over four years. Figure 1 overviews the designs and results of studies included in the thesis. Figure 1 Overview of studies included in the thesis. ALSWH, Australian Longitudinal Study on Women’s Health. Witnessing