-
Implications of the 2022 lung function update and GLI global reference equations among patients with interstitial lung disease Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-24 Andrew Li, Alan Teoh, Lauren Troy, Ian Glaspole, Margaret L Wilsher, Sally de Boer, Jeremy Wrobel, Yuben P Moodley, Francis Thien, Henry Gallagher, Michelle Galbraith, Daniel C Chambers, John Mackintosh, Nicole Goh, Yet Hong Khor, Adrienne Edwards, Karen Royals, Christopher Grainge, Benjamin Kwan, Gregory J Keir, Chong Ong, Paul N Reynolds, Elizabeth Veitch, Gin Tsen Chai, Ziqin Ng, Geak Poh Tan, Dan
Background Lung function testing remains a cornerstone in the assessment and management of interstitial lung disease (ILD) patients. The clinical implications of the Global Lung function Initiative (GLI) reference equations and the updated interpretation strategies remain uncertain. Methods Adult patients with ILD with baseline forced vital capacity (FVC) were included from the Australasian ILD registry
-
Big Things Have Small Beginnings: Clinical Implications of Early Interstitial Lung Disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Anna J Podolanczuk,Sara Tomassetti
-
Don't Just Look East (the Other Way) When There's Smoke Billowing to the West. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Laura C Myers,Nina Pak,Eric Balaban,Neeta Thakur,Kevin Cromar
-
Virtual Peer Support for ICU Survivors Is Feasible, and May Improve Outcomes for ICU Survivors: Results from the icuRESOLVE-D (icu Recovery Solutions Co-Designed through SurVivor Engagement - Digital) Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Nina Leggett,Yasmine Ali Abdelhamid,Erin Bicknell,Sarah Booth,Jacki Carmody,Adam M Deane,K J Farley,Amalia Karahalios,Mark Merolli,Kimberley J Haines
-
Validation of Systemic Complement Signatures in the Progression of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Katarina M DiLillo,Lisa Ruvuna,Katherine A Pratte,Karina A Serban,Wassim W Labaki,MeiLan K Han,Christine M Freeman,Russell P Bowler,Jeffrey L Curtis,Kelly B Arnold,
-
Obesity-related Asthma: A Pathobiology-based Overview of Existing and Emerging Treatment Approaches. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Meghan D Althoff,Kristina Gaietto,Fernando Holguin,Erick Forno
Though obesity-related asthma associated with worse asthma outcomes, optimal treatment approaches for this complex phenotype are still largely unavailable. This state-of-the-art review article synthesizes evidence for existing and emerging treatment approaches for obesity-related asthma and highlights pathways that offer potential targets for novel therapeutics. Existing treatments targeting insulin
-
Defining Interstitial Lung Disease Progression: It Is Time to (Get Our) Act Together. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-23 Vanessa Smith,Maurizio Cutolo,Elizabeth Volkmann
-
Mortality and Health Outcomes among Sarcoidosis Patients Treated with Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers. Chest (IF 9.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-21 Joseph Fares,Omar El Fadel,Joy Zhao,Jianxin Sun,Jesse Roman,Giorgos Loizidis,Ross Summer
BACKGROUND Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease where management and outcomes can vary widely. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) has been implicated in its pathogenesis, yet the impact of RAAS modulators on health outcomes in sarcoidosis remains poorly understood. RESEARCH QUESTION How do pharmacological modulators of RAAS affect health outcomes in patients diagnosed with
-
Artificial stone silicosis arrives in the UK: a tragic case of history repeating Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Christopher Barber
Silicosis is the most ancient form of occupational lung disease, being known to have caused disability and the premature death of workers for many millennia.1 Despite this, silicosis continues to be a global health problem,2 accounting for almost 13 000 deaths worldwide in 2019.3 Those at risk of this disease commonly work in industries that involve either cutting through silica-containing material
-
Implications of the hypobaric cabin environment during commercial air travel for passenger fitness to fly Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Peter D Hodkinson, Thomas G Smith
In 2019, a record 4.5 billion passengers travelled by air.1 This fell markedly during the COVID-19 pandemic, but in 2023, the industry’s measure of overall airline ‘traffic’, revenue passenger kilometres, was back to 94% of the 2019 figures, with predictions that 2024 will see new record passenger numbers (see figure 1).2 This highlights how common air travel is and reinforces the idea that it is highly
-
Untangling the web between menopause and respiratory disease Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Hannah Whittaker
Over the last few decades, women’s health has slowly shifted closer to the forefront of research.1 There have been multiple major campaigns at academic, charity and government level, for the improvement of women’s health globally. In 2021, the UK government implemented the Women’s Health Strategy to improve the health of women in the UK over 10 years and Asthma and Lung UK published their report on
-
Ageing and ivacaftor: unravelling the long-term effects Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Paul D Robinson
The cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) modulator compound, ivacaftor, reached its 10-year anniversary of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval in 2022. This long-standing experience captured within US CF foundation patient registry (US CFFPR) data up to December 2019 was harnessed by Merlo and colleagues in this edition of the journal to provide further insight into
-
Antenatal exposures to tobacco and biomass or fossil fuels and wheezing in early childhood in South Africa Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Rachel Nadif
Asthma is the most prevalent chronic disease of childhood. Based on the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study, the global incident cases of asthma in children increased by 7.07% from 1990 to 2019, the highest incidence being observed in children under 5 years old.1 Among these youngest children, asthma is difficult to diagnose, and is often defined by wheezing episodes characterised
-
Nasal epithelial gene expression identifies relevant asthma endotypes in the ATLANTIS study Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Tatiana Karp, Alen Faiz, Jos van Nijnatten, Huib A M Kerstjens, Ilse Boudewijn, Monica Kraft, Judith M Vonk, Martijn C Nawijn, Irene H Heijink, Bianca Beghé, Klaus F Rabe, Alberto Papi, Chris Brightling, Dave Singh, Thys van der Molen, Salman Siddiqui, Stephanie Christenson, Victor Guryev, Maarten van den Berge
Introduction Asthma is an inflammatory airways disease encompassing multiple phenotypes and endotypes. Several studies suggested gene expression in nasal epithelium to serve as a proxy for bronchial epithelium, being a non-invasive approach to investigate lung diseases. We hypothesised that molecular differences in upper airway epithelium reflect asthma-associated differences in the lower airways and
-
Impact of age at ivacaftor initiation on pulmonary outcomes among people with cystic fibrosis Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Christian A Merlo, Lisa J McGarry, Teja Thorat, Catherine Nguyen, Maral DerSarkissian, Aruna Muthukumar, Joe Healy, M Alan Brookhart, Jaime L Rubin
Background Ivacaftor (IVA) improves lung function and other extrapulmonary outcomes in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). However, the effect of initiating IVA at earlier versus later ages has not been studied. Methods We conducted an observational cohort study of people in the US CF Foundation Patient Registry aged ≥6 years with ≥1 CF transmembrane conductance regulator–gating mutation to compare the
-
Long-term impact of ivacaftor on mortality rate and health outcomes in people with cystic fibrosis Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Christian A Merlo, Teja Thorat, Maral DerSarkissian, Lisa J McGarry, Catherine Nguyen, Yuqian M Gu, Joe Healy, Jaime L Rubin, M Alan Brookhart
Background Ivacaftor (IVA) has been shown to improve lung function and other clinical outcomes in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). A decade of real-world IVA availability has enabled the examination of long-term outcomes with this treatment. This retrospective, longitudinal cohort study investigated the impact of IVA on mortality rate and health outcomes among people with CF in the US. Methods Data
-
Relationship between cumulative silica exposure and silicosis: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Patrick Howlett, Jeffrey Gan, Maia Lesosky, Johanna Feary
Background Silicosis, a chronic respiratory disease caused by crystalline silica exposure, is a persistent global lung health issue. No systematic review of the relationship between cumulative respirable crystalline silica (RCS) exposure and silicosis exists. UK exposure limits are currently under review. We therefore performed a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of this relationship
-
Urban metabolic and airway immune profiles increase the risk of infections in early childhood Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Nicklas Brustad, Jonathan Thorsen, Casper Emil Tingskov Pedersen, Mina Ali, Julie Kyvsgaard, Sarah Brandt, Jenni Lehtimäki, Nicole Prince, Nilofar V Følsgaard, Jessica Lasky-Su, Jakob Stokholm, Klaus Bønnelykke, Bo Chawes
Background Infections in childhood remain a leading global cause of child mortality and environmental exposures seem crucial. We investigated whether urbanicity at birth was associated with the risk of infections and explored underlying mechanisms. Methods Children (n=633) from the COPSAC2010 mother–child cohort were monitored daily with symptom diaries of infection episodes during the first 3 years
-
Environmental exposures associated with early childhood recurrent wheezing in the mother and child in the environment birth cohort: a time-to-event study Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Kareshma Asharam, Aweke A Abebaw Mitku, Lisa Ramsay, Prakash Mohan Jeena, Rajen N Naidoo
Background Antenatal factors and environmental exposures contribute to recurrent wheezing in early childhood. Aim To identify antenatal and environmental factors associated with recurrent wheezing in children from birth to 48 months in the mother and child in the environment cohort, using time-to-event analysis. Method Maternal interviews were administered during pregnancy and postnatally and children
-
Early menopause and hormone therapy as determinants for lung health outcomes: a secondary analysis using the PLCO trial Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Xiaochun Gai, Yue Feng, Tessa M Flores, Huining Kang, Hui Yu, Kimberly K Leslie, Yiliang Zhu, Jennifer A Doherty, Yan Guo, Steven A Belinsky, Linda S Cook, Shuguang Leng
Rationale Early natural menopause (early-M; <45 years of age) increases the risk of lung morbidities and mortalities in smokers. However, it is largely unknown whether early-M due to surgery demonstrates similar effects and whether menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) is protective against lung diseases. Objectives To assess the associations of early-M and MHT with lung morbidities and mortalities using
-
Effects of moderate alcohol consumption and hypobaric hypoxia: implications for passengers’ sleep, oxygen saturation and heart rate on long-haul flights Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Rabea Antonia Trammer, Daniel Rooney, Sibylle Benderoth, Martin Wittkowski, Juergen Wenzel, Eva-Maria Elmenhorst
Background Passengers on long-haul flights frequently consume alcohol. Inflight sleep exacerbates the fall in blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) caused by the decreased oxygen partial pressure in the cabin. We investigated the combined influence of alcohol and hypobaric hypoxia on sleep, SpO2 and heart rate. Methods Two groups of healthy individuals spent either two nights with a 4-hour sleep opportunity
-
Artificial stone silicosis: a UK case series Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Johanna Feary, Anand Devaraj, Matthew Burton, Felix Chua, Robina K Coker, Arnab Datta, Richard J Hewitt, Maria Kokosi, Vaslis Kouranos, Carl Jonathan Reynolds, Clare L Ross, Veronica Smith, Katie Ward, Melissa Wickremasinghe, Joanna Szram
Silicosis due to artificial stone (AS) has emerged over the last decade as an increasing global issue. We report the first eight UK cases. All were men; median age was 34 years (range 27–56) and median stone dust exposure was 12.5 years (range 4–40) but in 4 cases was 4–8 years. One is deceased; two were referred for lung transplant assessment. All cases were dry cutting and polishing AS worktops with
-
Pulmonary fibrosis and lung cancer: an analysis of the Clinical Practice Research Datalink linked to the National Cancer Registration Dataset Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Francesca Gonnelli, Jaspreet Kaur, Martina Bonifazi, David Baldwin, Emma O’Dowd, Richard Hubbard
We quantified the proportion of diagnoses of pulmonary fibrosis (PF) among 25 136 people with lung cancer and 250 583 matched controls and compared the natural history of lung cancer in people with and without PF. Diagnoses of PF were more common in people with lung cancer than those without (1.5% vs 0.8%, OR 1.97; 95% CI 1.77 to 2.21). Within people with PF, squamous cell carcinoma was more (22.9% vs
-
Multiple intrathoracic extramedullary haematopoiesis as visualised on medical thoracoscopy Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Jiun Hang Lee, Larry Ellee Nyanti, Nai-Chien Huan, Hema Yamini Ramarmuty, Kunji Kannan Sivaraman Kannan
A 38-year-old man with underlying transfusion-dependent beta-thalassemia and a history of splenectomy in August 2023 presented in December of the same year, complaining of one month of dyspnoea and orthopnoea. The chest radiograph revealed bilateral pleural effusion, with a left-sided predominance. Diagnostic and therapeutic thoracentesis demonstrated straw-coloured serous pleural fluid (pf) with an
-
Intensive care unit interventions to promote sleep and circadian biology in reducing incident delirium: a scoping review Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 M Elizabeth Wilcox, Lisa Burry, Marina Englesakis, Briar Coman, Marietou Daou, Frank MP van Haren, E Wes Ely, Karen J Bosma, Melissa P Knauert
Rationale/Objectives Despite plausible pathophysiological mechanisms, research is needed to confirm the relationship between sleep, circadian rhythm and delirium in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU). The objective of this review is to summarise existing studies promoting, in whole or in part, the normalisation of sleep and circadian biology and their impact on the incidence, prevalence
-
Journal club Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-10-01 Ewan Christopher Mackay
Household air pollution has been estimated to be responsible for 3.2 million preventable deaths every year globally. With biomass exposure and environmental pollution linked to exacerbations of airways disease, this health impact disproportionately affects low and middle income countries. Puzzolo et al ( Lancet Resp Med 2024;12(4):281–293) undertook a systematic review and included 116 studies in the
-
Lower or Higher Oxygenation Targets in ICU patients with COVID-19 - A secondary Bayesian analysis of the HOT-COVID trial. Chest (IF 9.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-18 Frederik M Nielsen,Thomas L Klitgaard,Anders Granholm,Theis Lange,Anders Perner,Olav L Schjørring,Bodil S Rasmussen
BACKGROUND In the Handling Oxygenation Targets in COVID-19 (HOT-COVID) trial, a partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) target of 60 mmHg compared to 90 mmHg resulted in more days alive without life support at 90 days in adult ICU patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and hypoxemia. The trial was stopped after enrolling 726 of 780 planned patients due to slow recruitment. Here, we present
-
Recurrent Pulmonary Veno-Occlusive Disease after Lung Transplantation. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Esther J Nossent,Gregorius D Nossent,Lilian J Meijboom,Erik A M Verschuuren,Chistiaan T Gan,Jurjan Aman,Harm Jan Bogaard,Teodora Radonic,Peter Dorfmüller,Anton Vonk Noordegraaf
-
Lung Protective Mechanical Ventilation in Severe Acute Brain Injured Patients: A Multicenter, Randomized Clinical Trial (PROLABI). Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Luciana Mascia,Vito Fanelli,Alice Mistretta,Matteo Filippini,Mattia Zanin,Maurizio Berardino,Anna Teresa Mazzeo,Anselmo Caricato,Massimo Antonelli,Francesco Della Corte,Francesca Grossi,Marina Munari,Massimiliano Caravello,Francesco Alessandri,Irene Cavalli,Mario Mezzapesa,Lucia Silvestri,Marilena Casartelli Liviero,Paolo Zanatta,Paolo Pelosi,Giuseppe Citerio,Claudia Filippini,Paola Rucci,Frank A Rasulo
BACKGROUND Lung protective strategies using low tidal volumes and moderate positive end expiratory pressures (PEEP) are considered best practice in critical care, but interventional trials have never been conducted in acutely brain-injured patients due to concerns about carbon dioxide control and effect of PEEP on cerebral hemodynamic. METHODS In this multicenter, open-label, controlled clinical trial
-
Risk of pulmonary diseases in osteogenesis imperfecta in Denmark - A register-based cohort study. Chest (IF 9.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Jane Dahl Andersen,Marie Louise Lyster,Mette Kathrine Holst,Daniel Pilsgaard Henriksen,Anders Christensen,Christian B Laursen,Antonella Forlino,Lars Folkestad
BACKGROUND Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI) is a rare hereditary disease mainly resulting in reduced or altered collagen type I. Collagen type I is a major constituent of the respiratory system, and normal collagen type I is vital for the pulmonary tissue function. RESEARCH QUESTIONS Does patient with OI have increased admission rates due to pulmonary diseases compared to the general population? STUDY
-
Physiological Comparison of Airway Pressure Release Ventilation and Low Tidal Volume Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Chest (IF 9.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Hongling Zhang,Yongran Wu,Ruiting Li,Xuehui Gao,Azhen Wang,Xin Zhao,Xiaobo Yang,Huaqing Shu,Hong Qi,Zhaohui Fu,Shiying Yuan,Yilei Ma,Le Yang,Xiaojing Zou,You Shang,Zhanqi Zhao
BACKGROUND The physiological effects of different ventilation strategies on patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) need to be better understood. RESEARCH QUESTION In patients with ARDS under controlled mandatory ventilation, does airway pressure release ventilation (APRV) improve lung ventilation-perfusion matching and ventilation homogeneity compared to low tidal volume ventilation
-
The Association between Air Pollution and Lung Function in Sarcoidosis and Implications for Health Disparities. Chest (IF 9.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-17 Ali M Mustafa,Kevin J Psoter,Kirsten Koehler,Nancy Lin,Meredith McCormack,Edward Chen,Robert A Wise,Michelle Sharp
BACKGROUND Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disease with varying courses of disease progression. Environmental exposures are thought to be contributors to disease onset. Exposure to air pollutants such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) have been identified as contributors to health disparities in lung diseases; little is known about these environmental exposures' associations
-
Unraveling the Complexities of Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-based Therapies: One Size Doesn't Fit All. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-15 Daniel J Weiss
-
Inhibiting iNKT Cell Activation: A Promising Strategy Against Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Taro Yasuma,Hajime Fujimoto,Corina N D'Alessandro-Gabazza,Esteban C Gabazza,Osamu Hataji,Tetsu Kobayashi
-
Reply to Yasuma et al.: Inhibiting iNKT Cell Activation: A Promising Strategy Against Pulmonary Fibrosis. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Adam J Byrne,Vipin Kumar,Albert Agro,Marc Hertz
-
Temporal Exploration of COPD Phenotypes: Insights from the COPDGene and SPIROMICS Cohorts. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-13 Alexander J Bell,Sundaresh Ram,Wassim W Labaki,Susan Murray,Ella A Kazerooni,Stefanie Galban,Fernando J Martinez,Charles R Hatt,Jennifer M Wang,Vladimir Ivanov,Paul McGettigan,Edward Khokhlovich,Enrico Maiorino,Rahul Suryadevara,Adel Boueiz,Peter Castaldi,Evgeny M Mirkes,Andrei Zinovyev,Alexander N Gorban,Craig J Galban,MeiLan K Han
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibits considerable progression heterogeneity. We hypothesized that elastic principal graph analysis (EPGA) would identify distinct clinical phenotypes and their longitudinal relationships. METHODS Cross-sectional data from 8,972 tobacco-exposed COPDGene participants, with and without COPD, were used to train a model with EPGA, using thirty
-
Rituximab and mycophenolate mofetil in interstitial lung disease (EVER-ILD): 1-year follow-up results of a randomised controlled trial Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Laurène Mansy, Agnès Caille, Martine Reynaud-Gaubert, Julien Bermudez, Philippe Bonniaud, Raphael Borie, Pierre-Yves Brillet, Jacques Cadranel, Isabelle Court-Fortune, Bruno Crestani, Marie-Pierre Debray, Mathilde Duprez, Anne Guillaumot, Sandrine Hirschi-Santelmo, Dominique Israel-Biet, Stéphane Jouneau, Karine Juvin, Mallorie Kerjouan, Julie Mankikian, Charles-Hugo Marquette, Jean-Marc Naccache,
Extract The nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP) pattern is a usual feature of interstitial lung disease (ILD) associated with connective tissue diseases (CTDs) [1], idiopathic interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) [2] and several idiopathic ILDs (iILDs) [3]. The EVER-ILD trial randomised 126 patients between rituximab (1000 mg, on day 1 and day 15; n=65) versus placebo (n=61)
-
Allergen challenge, eosinophils and the long road to asthma endotypes Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Sally E. Wenzel
Extract Inhaled allergen challenges (IAC) have been utilised as tools to understand the clinical, physiological and pathobiological responses to allergens in asthmatic and atopic individuals for close to 75 years [1, 2]. Sensitised individuals respond with an early/immediate fall in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1): the early asthmatic response (EAR). Following a return to baseline (within 60 min)
-
10 pack-years of smoking: not the magic number for COPD risk and prognosis Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Helena Backman
Extract Threshold values play a critical role in clinical medicine, as they provide standardised criteria for diagnosis and treatment, ensuring consistency across different healthcare providers and settings. They help in maintaining uniformity in patient care, making sure that patients with similar characteristics receive similar evaluations and interventions. They also aid in risk stratification,
-
Taking your mind off breathlessness Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Peter M.A. Calverley
Extract In May 2024, the songwriter Richard Sherman died at the age of 94. Together with his brother Robert, he wrote numerous memorable songs for the Disney film studios, including "Trust in Me" for the original Jungle Book animated film, during which the python Kaa hypnotises the suggestible man-cub Mowgli and takes control of his actions to great comic effect. Such is the popular view of hypnosis
-
Benralizumab for allergic asthma: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Gail M. Gauvreau, Roma Sehmi, J. Mark FitzGerald, Richard Leigh, Donald W. Cockcroft, Beth E. Davis, Irvin Mayers, Louis-Philippe Boulet, Dhuha Al-Sajee, Brittany M. Salter, Ruth P. Cusack, Terence Ho, Christiane E. Whetstone, Nadia Alsaji, Imran Satia, Kieran J. Killian, Patrick D. Mitchell, Iain P. Magee, Celine Bergeron, Mohit Bhutani, Viktoria Werkström, Tomasz Durżyński, Kathryn Shoemaker, Rohit
Background Benralizumab induces rapid and near-complete depletion of eosinophils from blood and lung tissue. We investigated whether benralizumab could attenuate the allergen-induced late asthmatic response (LAR) in participants with allergic asthma. Methods Participants with allergic asthma who demonstrated increased sputum eosinophils and LAR at screening were randomised to benralizumab 30 mg or
-
Medical hypnosis mitigates laboratory dyspnoea in healthy humans: a randomised, controlled experimental trial Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Capucine Morélot-Panzini, Cécile Arveiller-Carvallo, Isabelle Rivals, Nicolas Wattiez, Sophie Lavault, Agnès Brion, Laure Serresse, Christian Straus, Marie-Cécile Niérat, Thomas Similowski
Question Dyspnoea persisting despite treatments of underlying causes requires symptomatic approaches. Medical hypnosis could provide relief without the untoward effects of pharmacological approaches. We addressed this question through experimentally induced dyspnoea in healthy humans (inspiratory threshold loading (excessive inspiratory effort) and carbon dioxide stimulation (air hunger)). Material
-
Low smoking exposure and development and prognosis of COPD over four decades: a population-based cohort study Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Yunus Çolak, Anders Løkke, Jacob L. Marott, Peter Lange, Jørgen Vestbo, Børge G. Nordestgaard, Shoaib Afzal
Background A diagnosis of COPD is mainly considered in individuals with >10 pack-years of smoking. We tested the hypothesis that low smoking exposure, below the critical threshold of 10 pack-years, increases risk of COPD and leads to poor prognosis. Methods We followed non-obstructed adult smokers from the Copenhagen City Heart Study for COPD, defined as a forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced
-
A proposed approach to pulmonary long COVID: a viewpoint Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Firoozeh V. Gerayeli, Rachel L. Eddy, Don D. Sin
Extract Long COVID (also known as "post-acute sequelae of COVID-19") is a multi-system disorder that follows an acute bout of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection [1]. Although its exact prevalence is unknown, it is estimated to affect approximately 10% of SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, though in reality the proportion is likely much higher owing to under-reporting
-
Harm from tobacco: a common thread Thorax (IF 9.0) Pub Date : 2024-09-11 Sanjay Agrawal
Industry uses market segmentation of products to attract and retain consumers from a variety of groups based on demographics, interests, behavioural factors and common needs. This approach is used across many commercial sectors selling a diverse range of commodities including cleaning, beauty, food, automobile and electronic products. Consumers may be attracted to goods based on a number of characteristics
-
The Road Less Traveled: Slow but Steady Progress Toward Cystic Fibrosis Gene Therapy by UK Respiratory Gene Therapy Consortium. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 Terence R Flotte
-
Are We Getting Closer to the "Cholesterol" for Chronic Respiratory Disease? Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-12 David M Mannino,Jean Wright
-
PROMISing results for inhaled antibiotics in bronchiectasis Lancet Respir. Med. (IF 38.7) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Marta María García Clemente, Guillermo Suárez Cuartín
-
The Role of ICS in Reducing Cardiovascular Risk - Seeing Is Not Always Believing. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Jennifer K Quint
-
Proteomic Risk Score of Increased Respiratory Susceptibility: A Multi-Cohort Study. Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. (IF 19.3) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Gabrielle Y Liu,Andrew S Perry,George R Washko,Eric Farber-Eger,Laura A Colangelo,Quanhu Sheng,Quinn Wells,Xiaoning Huang,Bharat Thyagarajan,Weihua Guan,Shaina J Alexandria,Raúl San José Estépar,Russell P Bowler,Anthony J Esposito,Sadiya S Khan,Ravi V Shah,Bina Choi,Ravi Kalhan
RATIONALE Accelerated decline in lung function is associated with incident COPD, hospitalizations and death. However, identifying this trajectory with longitudinal spirometry measurements is challenging in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a proteomic risk score trained on accelerated decline in lung function can assess risk of future respiratory disease and mortality. METHODS In CARDIA
-
Integrating hot topics and implementation of treatable traits in asthma. Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Peter G Gibson,Vanessa M McDonald
People with asthma experience many different problems related to their illness. The number and type of problems differs between patients. This results in asthma being a complex and heterogeneous disorder which mandates a personalised approach to management. These features pose very significant challenges for the effective implementation of evidence-based management. Treatable Traits is a model of care
-
Cathepsin C (dipeptidyl peptidase 1) inhibition in adults with bronchiectasis: AIRLEAF®, a Phase II randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-finding study. Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 James D Chalmers,Michal Shteinberg,Marcus A Mall,Anne E O'Donnell,Henrik Watz,Abhya Gupta,Edith Frahm,Anastasia Eleftheraki,Johanna Rauch,Sanjay H Chotirmall,April W Armstrong,Peter Eickholz,Naoki Hasegawa,Wiebke Sauter,Pamela J McShane
Bronchiectasis is characterised by uncontrolled neutrophil serine protease (NSP) activity. Cathepsin C (CatC; dipeptidyl peptidase 1) activates NSPs during neutrophil maturation. CatC inhibitors can potentially reduce neutrophil-mediated lung damage. This Phase II, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial (AIRLEAF®; NCT05238675) evaluated efficacy, safety and optimal dosing of BI 1291583
-
MK-5475, an inhaled soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, for treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension: the INSIGNIA-PAH study. Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-10 Marc Humbert,Paul M Hassoun,Kelly M Chin,Guillermo Bortman,Mahesh J Patel,Carmen La Rosa,Wei Fu,Maria José Loureiro,Marius M Hoeper
BACKGROUND MK-5475 is an investigational inhaled soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator hypothesised to avoid most side-effects of systemic vasodilation. METHODS The phase 2 INSIGNIA-PAH (NCT04732221) trial randomised adults with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) on stable background therapy 1:1:1:1 to once-daily dosing with placebo, MK-5475 32 µg, 100 µg or 380 µg via dry powder inhalation for 12 weeks
-
DIAGNOSIS AND PREVENTION OF INVASIVE FUNGAL INFECTIONS IN THE IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST. Chest (IF 9.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-06 Abdul Wahab,David Sanborn,Paschalis Vergidis,Raymund Razonable,Hemang Yadav,Kelly M Pennington
TOPIC IMPORTANCE The prevalence of invasive fungal infections (IFI) has risen in the past three decades, attributed to advancements in immune-modulatory therapies employed in transplantation, rheumatology, and oncology. REVIEW FINDINGS Organisms that cause IFI evade the host's natural defenses or at opportunities of immunologic weakness. Infections occur from inhalation of potentially pathogenic organisms
-
How I do it. Choosing the right biologic for the right patient with severe asthma. Chest (IF 9.5) Pub Date : 2024-09-06 Simon Couillard,David J Jackson,Ian D Pavord,Michael E Wechsler
In this new instalment of the How I Do It: Severe Asthma series, we tackle the clinical conundrum of choosing the right biologic for the right patient with severe asthma. With 6 biologics now approved for use in this area comprising 4 different targeting strategies (anti-immunoglobulin E, omalizumab; anti-interleukin (IL)-5/5receptor, mepolizumab, reslizumab, and benralizumab; anti-IL-4receptor, dupilumab;
-
Sleep disordered breathing in patients with acute myocardial infarction: finding the perfect window for saving the heart Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 Christine Eulenburg, Claire Arnaud, Renaud Tamisier
Extract Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) encompasses two different conditions, obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), which results from upper airway collapse during sleep, and central sleep apnoea (CSA), which is due to an altered ventilatory drive from the central nervous system [1, 2]. Both conditions stand out for interruptions of ventilation, lasting at least 10 s, that repeat all along sleep duration
-
The younger, the better: lessons learned from real-world studies on CFTR modulators in young children Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 Philippe Reix, Guillaume Chassagnon
Extract Prevention of cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease by the early use of triple combination elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor (ETI) will be key in the future standard of care of young children with CF [1, 2]. Almost every paediatrician agrees with this assumption, and evidence has been provided by clinical trials that it slows disease progression in school-aged children with CF [3, 4] and has a great
-
Overweight and dysanapsis in childhood asthma Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 Lies Lahousse
Extract Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease with multiple genetic and environmental factors underpinning its various endotypes. To identify new opportunities for prevention and early asthma treatment, we need to detect, in advance, individuals on trajectories leading to obstructive lung disease and tackle associated risk factors. Besides genetic susceptibility, early risk factors for poor lung
-
Safety of early rehabilitation after acute pulmonary embolism Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 Karsten Keller, Lukas Hobohm
Extract Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a critical and potentially fatal condition with high rates of morbidity and mortality [1–3]. Despite a rise in incidence over the recent decades, the case fatality of PE decreased during the same period [1, 2]. Survival during the initial phase of hospitalisation and the short-term follow-up is closely linked to patients’ haemodynamic status, cardiac involvement including
-
The evolution of the European risk stratification system for pulmonary arterial hypertension Eur. Respir. J. (IF 16.6) Pub Date : 2024-09-05 Sandeep Sahay, Raymond L. Benza
Extract Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) has remained a challenging disease with poor survival [1]. Accurate risk stratification in PAH is crucial for making treatment decisions and prognostication. Current European guidelines recommend routine risk assessment at baseline and follow-up evaluation [2]. Due to the complex nature of the disease and many factors influencing survival in PAH, it is