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BACKGROUND Spontaneous pain is commonly reported in patients with nerve injuries, posing a great challenge to physicians. However, the mechanisms underlying spontaneous pain remain largely unknown in comparison to evoked pain (e.g. allodynia and hyperalgesia). Cortical processing is vital in coding nociception, and dysfunction of anterior cingulate cortex might facilitate pain hypersensitivity. This

SummaryIntroductionHigh‐flow nasal oxygen devices have gained interest in pre‐oxygenation and peri‐operative oxygenation strategies. However, their role in obstetric anaesthesia remains poorly defined. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the use of high‐flow nasal oxygen in obstetric patients during the peri‐operative period, focusing on maternal oxygenation and clinical outcomes.MethodsWe included

Pain is multidimensional, including sensory-discriminative, affective-motivational, and cognitive-evaluative components. Although the concept of pain is learned through life, it is not known when and how the brain networks that are required to encode these different dimensions of pain develop. Using the 2 largest available databases of brain magnetic resonance images-the developing Human Connectome

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ality Improvement Program for patients who underwent inpatient noncardiac surgery between 2018 and 2021. Patients were categorized as non-Hispanic White (hereafter, White), non-Hispanic Black (hereafter, Black), Asian, and Hispanic individuals. The association between (1) FTR after sepsis and (2) FTR after septic shock and race and ethnicity was evaluated using multivariable logistic regression. Failure-to-rescue

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randomized controlled trials that evaluated the efficacy of blood pressure optimization interventions in either mitigating exposure to intraoperative hypotension or reducing risks of postoperative complications. METHODS: Medline, Embase, PubMed, and Cochrane Controlled Register of Trials were searched from database inception to August 2, 2023, for randomized controlled trials (without language restriction)

The past two decades have seen remarkable progress in pediatric regional anesthesia. Significant efforts have been made to develop central and peripheral techniques that are both practicable and reliable, with increasing success and very low complication rates driving a growing appreciation for this subspecialty. Regional anesthesia can be used to optimize perioperative pain control, to avoid mechanical

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SummaryIntroductionOur aim was to investigate whether emergency front‐of‐neck airway training utilising low‐fidelity manikins in a ‘tea‐trolley’ format could be improved by the incorporation of stress inoculation training. This would be an important advance as clinicians report that cognitive overload impairs performance during real emergencies. We hypothesised that environmental noise and simulated

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The prevalence of non-anaemic iron deficiency among the surgical population is high. However, evidence regarding its impact on surgical patients' outcomes is scant and conflicting. Therefore, further investigations using an appropriate definition of non-anaemic iron deficiency and measuring relevant postoperative outcomes are needed to verify previous studies to determine whether non-anaemic iron deficiency

Surgery-related adverse events are among the most common adverse events in-hospital. However, no comprehensive, multidisciplinary perioperative guidelines exist at the European level. The aim of this study is to describe the process and results in achieving European multidisciplinary consensus on perioperative patient safety recommendations.

BACKGROUND The right ventricle-pulmonary artery (RV-PA) coupling ratio provides an assessment of RV function indexed to PA afterload. A low preoperative RV-PA ratio has been associated with increased mortality after transcatheter procedures. In patients undergoing cardiac surgery, we hypothesized that a lower preoperative RV-PA ratio is independently associated with a higher risk of major morbidity

BACKGROUND Xylazine is an alpha-2 adrenergic agonist approved for veterinary use as a sedative and analgesic for animals. Unfortunately, xylazine has recently become a common adulterant of street drugs in the United States with xylazine-related overdoses and deaths increasing each year. Although the alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist, atipamezole, is an efficacious reversal agent for xylazine that is approved

We aimed to evaluate the incidence of preoperative anaemia and transfusion over the last 11 yr and the association between anaemia, transfusion, and postoperative outcomes in children undergoing noncardiac surgery.

In today's digitized healthcare environment, electronic health records (EHRs) and other electronic systems are key to daily hospital operations, patient care, and compliance. The authors' institution underwent a prolonged EHR system outage that caused the Department of Pediatric Anesthesiology to rely on established downtime procedures. While the intraoperative EHR is lost, this is only one of many

I read with interest the letters by Murphy [1] and Frerk and Evans [2] about philosophical approaches to mandatory training for rare anaesthetic events. The utilitarian and Kantian philosophical approaches that they advocate highlight the importance of striving for good outcomes when rare anaesthetic emergencies occur, as well as aiming for universal anaesthetic competence in managing these situations

BACKGROUND Spinal anesthesia with intrathecal morphine is often the preferred anesthetic modality for elective cesarean delivery. Side effects and drug shortages, however, prompted researchers to look into intrathecal hydromorphone as an alternative. These studies established the effective analgesic dose for 90% of patients (ED90) for both opioids for postcesarean analgesia, yet failed to demonstrate

BACKGROUND Explicit recall occurring during sedation/regional anaesthesia is common but has long been assumed to have no sequelae. We conducted a prospective cohort study to determine the incidence of explicit recall experience under sedation/regional anaesthesia, as well as, to assess the recall experiences that are associated with psychological consequences. METHODS We prospectively recruited 2,500