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Pediatric Varicella Epidemiology in urban Beijing, China, 2014-2023. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Dan Yu,Wei Su,Miao Fan,Lu Lu,Xinyu Wang,Sheng Zhang,Qingjing Du,Lin Ma,Ying Liu,Kaihu Yao
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Molecular Turn in Yersinia pestis Pathogenesis: Implications of the gppA Frameshift for Bacterial Survival in Human Macrophage. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Hongyan Chen,Shiyang Cao,Yazhou Zhou,Tong Wang,Yang Jiao,Yafang Tan,Yarong Wu,Yifan Ren,Yajun Song,Jing-Ren Zhang,Zongmin Du,Ruifu Yang
Yersinia pestis, the etiological agent of the devastating plague, has caused three pandemics in human history. While known for its fatality, it has long been intriguing that biovar microtus strains are highly attenuated to humans. The survival and replication within macrophages are critical in the early stages of the Y. pestis lifestyle within warm-blooded hosts. Here, we demonstrate that a frameshift
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Clinical manifestations and pathogenicity of Clade IIb monkeypox virus in rabbits. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Chao Shang,Shaowen Shi,Qiwei Jiang,Xiaohan Wang,Xiaohong Yao,Wanzi Li,Gaojie Song,Yiquan Li,Yongyang Sun,Jinglei Hu,Cuiling Zhang,Yilong Zhu,Zirui Liu,Chaode Gu,Yan Liu,Wanyu Shi,Zongzheng Zhao,Xiao Li
The 2022 monkeypox outbreak involved rapid global dissemination, prompting research into animal models for the monkeypox virus (MPXV), including non-human primates and mice. However, studies utilizing rabbits as models remain limited. In this study, we established three rabbit models using the current epidemic MPXV strain. Following intravenous MPXV injection, adult rabbits exhibited characteristic
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Longitudinal seroprevalence of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus in Southern Uganda. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Evan A Mihalakakos,Victor Ssempijja,Ruy M Ribeiro,Carmen Molina-Paris,Gerald Katushabe,Josephine Nalwadda,Jonah Omooja,Denis K Byarugaba,Kyle Rosenke,Steven J Reynolds,Mary K Grabowski,Ronald M Galiwango,Robert Ssekubugu,Heinz Feldmann,David W Hawman
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a tick-borne disease endemic to many regions of Africa, the Middle East, Southeast Asia and the Balkans. Caused by the CCHF virus (CCHFV), CCHF has been a recognized cause of illness in Uganda since the 1950s and recently, more intensive surveillance suggests CCHFV is widely endemic within the country. Most surveillance has been focused on the Ugandan cattle
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An immunocompetent mouse model revealed that congenital Zika virus infection disrupted hippocampal function by activating autophagy. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Wei Yang,Zhan-Zhan Bian,Zhe Li,Yi-Teng Zhang,Li-Bo Liu,Jia-Tong Chang,Dan Li,Pei-Gang Wang,Jing An,Wei Wang
Congenital Zika virus (ZIKV) infection significantly affects neurological development in infants and subsequently induces neurodevelopmental abnormality symptoms; however, the potential mechanism is still unknown. Therefore, in order to effectively intervene in neurodevelopmental abnormalities in infected infants, it is necessary to identify the main brain regions affected by congenital infection.
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SARS-CoV-2 enhances complement-mediated endothelial injury via suppression of membrane complement regulatory proteins. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Jian Wu,Sanpeng Xu,Zhiqing Li,Boyi Cong,Zongheng Yang,Zhichao Yang,Wanfeng Gao,Shuo Liu,Zhou Yu,Sheng Xu,Nan Li,Jin Hou,Guoping Wang,Xuetao Cao,Shuxun Liu
Complement hyperactivation and thrombotic microangiopathy are closely associated with severe COVID-19. Endothelial dysfunction is a key mechanism underlying thrombotic microangiopathy. To address the relationship between endothelial injury, complement activation and thrombotic microangiopathy of severe COVID-19, we wonder whether, and if so, what and how SARS-CoV-2 factors make endothelial cells (ECs)
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As pertussis returns to pre-COVID19 endemicity, vaccination remains our best ally against an evolving Bordetella pertussis. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Zeng Mei,Macina Denis
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Novel human coronavirus in an infant patient with pneumonia, Republic of Korea. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Kyungmin Park,Minsoo Shin,Augustine Natasha,Jongwoo Kim,Juyoung Noh,Seong-Gyu Kim,Bohyeon Kim,Jieun Park,Ye-Rin Seo,Hee-Kyung Cho,Kwan Soo Byun,Ji Hoon Kim,Young-Sun Lee,Jung Ok Shim,Won-Keun Kim,Jin-Won Song
Coronaviruses (CoVs) pose a significant threat to public health, causing a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations and outcomes. Beyond precipitating global outbreaks, Human CoVs (HCoVs) are frequently found among patients with respiratory infections. To date, limited attention has been directed towards alphacoronaviruses due to their low prevalence and fatality rates. Nasal swab and serum samples
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Serum Levels of Neurofilament Light Chain and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Correlate with Disease Severity in Patients with West Nile Virus Infection. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Alessandro Dinoto,Monia Pacenti,Sara Mariotto,Davide Abate,Vittoria Lisi,Sorsha Satto,Stefania Vogiatzis,Vanessa Chiodega,Sara Carta,Sergio Ferrari,Luisa Barzon
West Nile virus (WNV) is a neurotropic mosquito-borne orthoflavivirus, representing a relevant public health threat. Identification of biomarkers that would predict the course of WNV infection is of interest for the early identification of patients at risk and for supporting decisions on therapeutic interventions. In this study, serum levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein (sGFAP) and neurofilament
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Beyond the Infection: Mapping the Risk of Cardiovascular Events Post-Scrub Typhus in a Nationwide Cohort Study. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-13 Jih-Kai Yeh,Victor Chien-Chia Wu,Shao-Wei Chen,Chia-Ling Wu,Yu-Sheng Lin,Chun-Wen Cheng,Chih-Hsiang Chang,Michael Wu,Pao-Hsien Chu,Shang-Hung Chang,Yu-Tung Huang
BACKGROUND Scrub typhus, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, often involves multiple organs, but its cardiovascular (CV) sequelae in survivors remain under-researched. METHOD This retrospective cohort study analyzed data from the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) spanning 2010-2015 to assess CV risks among scrub typhus survivors. Excluding those with prior CV events, we focused on outcomes
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Occurrence and clinical correlates of SARS-CoV-2 viremia in two German patient cohorts. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-10 Katharina Grikscheit,Annemarie Berger,Holger Rabenau,Niko Kohmer,Katharina S Appel,Margarete Scherer,Robert Bals,Sabine Blaschke,Axel Hamprecht,Sina M Hopff,Dagmar Krefting,Patrick Meybohm,Carolin Nürnberger,Peter Heuschmann,Caitlin Pley,Susana M Nunes de Miranda,Edgar Dahl,Björn Jensen,Thomas Illig,Gabriele Anton,Jörg Janne Vehreschild,Sandra Ciesek
Viremia defined as detectable SARS-CoV-2 RNA in the blood is a potential marker of disease severity and prognosis in COVID-19 patients. Here, we determined the frequency of viremia in serum of two independent COVID-19 patient cohorts within the German National Pandemic Cohort Network (German: Nationales Pandemie Kohorten Netzwerk, NAPKON) with diagnostic RT-PCR against SARS-CoV-2. A cross-sectional
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HIV molecular transmission networks among students in Guangxi: unraveling the dynamics of student-driven HIV epidemic. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Xianwu Pang,Jie Ma,Qin He,Kailing Tang,Jinghua Huang,Ningye Fang,Haomin Xie,Guanghua Lan,Shujia Liang
In Guangxi, the number of newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections among students is continuously increasing, highlighting the need for a detailed understanding of local transmission dynamics, particularly focusing on key drivers of transmission. We recruited individuals newly diagnosed with HIV-1 in Nanning, Guangxi, and amplified and sequenced the HIV-1 pol gene to construct a molecular network. Bayesian
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Single-cell sequencing of peripheral blood mononuclear cells reveals immune landscape of monkeypox patients with HIV. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Yamin Liu,Xinhua Liu,Jingjing Wang,Ying Xie,Jing Guo,Zhiqiang Liu,Ying Li,Bei Jiang,Jingya Wang
The monkeypox (MPXV) outbreak in 2022 is more prevalent among individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). While it is plausible that HIV-induced immunosuppression could result in a more severe progression, the exact mechanisms remain undetermined. To better understand the immunopathology of MPXV in patients with and without HIV infection, we employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq)
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Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N5) detected in an Atlantic walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus) in the Svalbard Archipelago, Norway, 2023. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Alexander Postel,Nele Gremmel,Christian Lydersen,Kit M Kovacs,Luca A Schick,Ursula Siebert,Ingebjørg H Nymo,Paul Becher
We present the first documented case of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N5 in an Atlantic walrus (Odobenus rosmarus rosmarus). The animal was found dead in Svalbard, Norway, in 2023. Sequence analysis revealed the highest genetic similarity with virus isolates from different avian hosts.
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Emergence of a novel reassortant highly pathogenic avian influenza clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N2) Virus, 2024. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Rabeh El-Shesheny,Mokhtar Gomaa,Mohamed El Sayes,Mina Nabil Kamel,Ahmed El Taweel,Omnia Kutkat,Mohamed GabAllah,Amany Elkhrsawy,Hager Emam,Yassmin Moatasim,Ahmed Kandeil,Pamela P McKenzie,Richard J Webby,Mohamed Ahmed Ali,Ghazi Kayali
Reassortant highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N2) clade 2.3.4.4.b viruses were detected from ducks and environmental samples in Egypt, June 2024. Genomic and phylogenetic analyses revealed a novel genotype produced by the reassortment of an A(H5N1) clade 2.3.3.4b virus with an A(H9N2) G1-like virus. Monitoring the spread of this virus is important.
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In vivo determination of protective antibody thresholds for SARS-CoV-2 variants using mouse models. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-07 Peilan Wei,Ruoxi Cai,Lu Zhang,Jingjun Zhang,Zhaoyong Zhang,Airu Zhu,Hai Li,Zhen Zhuang,Lan Chen,Jiantao Chen,Yuting Zhang,Xinyi Xiong,Bin Qu,Jianfen Zhuo,Tian Tang,Yuanyuan Zhang,Lei Chen,Qier Zhong,Zhiwei Lin,Xindan Xing,Fang Li,Qingtao Hu,Jun Dai,Yongxia Shi,Jingxian Zhao,Jincun Zhao,Yanqun Wang
Neutralizing antibody titres have been shown to correlate with immune protection against COVID-19 and can be used to estimate vaccine effectiveness. Numerous studies have explored the relationship between neutralizing antibodies and protection. However, there remains a lack of quantitative data directly assessing the minimum effective protective neutralizing antibody titre in in vivo. In this study
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Identification of serum tRNA-derived small RNAs biosignature for diagnosis of tuberculosis. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-06 Zikun Huang,Qing Luo,Cuifen Xiong,Haiyan Zhu,Chao Yu,Jianqing Xu,Yiping Peng,Junming Li,Aiping Le
The tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) are a new class of non coding RNAs, which are stable in body fluids and can be used as potential biomarkers for disease diagnosis. However, the exact value of tsRNAs in the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is still unclear. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the serum tsRNAs biosignature to distinguish between active TB, healthy
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A functional approach to analyze the genetic basis for differences in virulence of monkeypox virus clades. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Patricia L Earl,Jeffrey L Americo,Sara Reynolds,Wei Xiao,Catherine Cotter,Bernard Moss
Mpox, the disease caused by monkeypox virus (MPXV) is increasing in Africa and in 2022 spread to more than 100 countries sickening more than 100,000 individuals. Four clades of MPXV have been recognized with differences in severity of disease and extent of human-to-human transmission. Determination of the genetic basis for these differences could help to develop improved therapeutics and vaccines.
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The first appearance of the zoonotic parasite Cryptosporidium mortiferum in human and tree and ground squirrels in Central Europe. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Martin Kváč,Alena Konvalinová,Nikola Holubová,Zuzana Hůzová,Marta Kicia,John McEvoy,Kristina Beranová,Bohumil Sak
Cryptosporidium mortiferum, a parasite transmitted by squirrels, is beginning to spread in Europe. C. mortiferum was detected in a symptomatic human. A 44-year-old man from the Czech Republic suffered from gastroenteritis characterized by abdominal pain, nausea, and loose stools. Molecular analyses confirmed the XIVaA20G2T1 subtype in the patient's stool. At the same time, the same subtype of C. mortiferum
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Phages adapt to recognize an O-antigen polysaccharide site by mutating the "backup" tail protein ORF59, enabling reinfection of phage-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Ping Li,Wenjie Ma,Jun Cheng,Cuixing Zhan,Hongzhou Lu,Jiayin Shen,Xin Zhou
Phages demonstrate remarkable promise as antimicrobial agents against antibiotic-resistant bacteria. However, the emergence of phage-resistant strains poses challenges to their effective application. In this paper, we presented the isolation of a phage adaptive mutant that demonstrated enhanced and sustained antibacterial efficacy through the co-evolution of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) 111-2
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Vδ2 T-cells response in people with Mpox infection: a three-month longitudinal assessment. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Eleonora Cimini,Eleonora Tartaglia,Francesco Messina,Andrea Coppola,Valentina Mazzotta,Massimo Tempestilli,Giulia Matusali,Stefania Notari,Annalisa Mondi,Gianluca Prota,Alessandra Oliva,Carla Fontana,Enrico Girardi,Fabrizio Maggi,Andrea Antinori
The first evidence that Orthopoxvirus induced the expansion in vivo and the recall of effector innate Vδ2 T-cells was described in a macaque model. Although, an engagement of αβ T-cells specific response in patients infected with human monkeypox (Mpox) was demonstrated, little is known about the role of γδ T-cells during Mpox infection. IFN-γ-producing γδ T-cells in the resistance to poxviruses may
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Isoleucine at position 137 of haemagglutinin acts as a mammalian adaptation marker of H9N2 avian influenza virus. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-31 Weiwei Ma,Chenyang Ren,Lin Shi,Bo Meng,Yali Feng,Ying Zhang
The H9N2 subtype of avian influenza virus (AIV) is widely distributed among poultry and wild birds and is also a threat to humans. During AIV active surveillance in Liaoning province from 2015 to 2016, we identified 10 H9N2 strains exhibiting different lethality to chick embryos. Two representative strains, A/chicken/China/LN07/2016 (CKLN/07) and A/chicken/China/LN17/2016 (CKLN/17), with similar genomic
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Ecological drivers of evolution of swine influenza in the United States: a review. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Varun Goel,Jessica Ding,Bijaya Hatuwal,Emily Giri,Thomas J Deliberto,James Lowe,Richard Webby,Michael Emch,Xiu-Feng Wan
Influenza A viruses (IAVs) pose a major public health threat due to their wide host range and pandemic potential. Pigs have been proposed as "mixing vessels" for avian, swine, and human IAVs, significantly contributing to influenza ecology. In the United States, IAVs are enzootic in commercial swine farming operations, with numerous genetic and antigenic IAV variants having emerged in the past two
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Exploration of the feasibility of clinical application of phage treatment for multidrug-resistant Serratia marcescens-induced pulmonary infection. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Xiangke Duan,Wenfeng Liu,Yanyu Xiao,Man Rao,Liyin Ji,Xiaofu Wan,Shuhong Han,Zixun Lin,Haichen Liu,Peifen Chen,Kun Qiao,Mingbin Zheng,Jiayin Shen,Yang Zhou,Tetsuya Asakawa,Minfeng Xiao,Hongzhou Lu
Serratia marcescens (S. marcescens) commonly induces refractory infection due to its multidrug-resistant nature. To date, there have been no reports on the application of phage treatment for S. marcescens infection. This study was conducted to explore the feasibility of phage application in treating refractory S. marcescens infection by collaborating with a 59-year-old male patient with a pulmonary
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The haemagglutinin gene of bovine-origin H5N1 influenza viruses currently retains receptor-binding and pH-fusion characteristics of avian host phenotype. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-27 Jiayun Yang,Mehnaz Qureshi,Reddy Kolli,Thomas P Peacock,Jean-Remy Sadeyen,Toby Carter,Samuel Richardson,Rebecca Daines,Wendy S Barclay,Ian H Brown,Munir Iqbal
Clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 high pathogenicity avian influenza virus (HPAIV) has caused a panzootic affecting all continents except Australia, expanding its host range to several mammalian species. In March 2024, H5N1 HPAIV was first detected in dairy cattle and goats in the United States. Over 891 dairy farms across 16 states have tested positive until 25 December 2024, with zoonotic infections reported among
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An IS element-driven antisense RNA attenuates the expression of serotype 2 fimbriae and the cytotoxicity of Bordetella pertussis. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-27 Alexandre D'Halluin,Denisa Petráčková,Ivana Čurnová,Jakub Držmíšek,Jan Čapek,Peggy Bouquet,Loïc Henin,Rudy Antoine,Loïc Coutte,Camille Locht,Branislav Večerek,David Hot
Insertion sequences (IS) represent mobile genetic elements that have been shown to be associated with bacterial evolution and adaptation due to their effects on genome plasticity. In Bordetella pertussis, the causative agent of whooping cough, the numerous IS elements induce genomic rearrangements and contribute to the diversity of the global B. pertussis population. Previously, we have shown that
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Highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza A virus replication in ex vivo cultures of bovine mammary gland and teat tissues. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Masaki Imai,Hiroshi Ueki,Mutsumi Ito,Kiyoko Iwatsuki-Horimoto,Maki Kiso,Asim Biswas,Sanja Trifkovic,Nigel Cook,Peter J Halfmann,Gabriele Neumann,Amie J Eisfeld,Yoshihiro Kawaoka
Since early 2024, highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses have been causing outbreaks in dairy cattle in the United States. Here, we compared the replicative capacity of A/dairy cattle/Texas/24-008749-001/2024 (H5N1; Cow-H5N1) isolated from a dairy cow, A/chicken/Ghana/AVL-76321VIR7050-39/2021 (H5N1; Chicken-H5N1) isolated from a chicken, and a human H1N1 2009 pandemic virus in ex vivo explant
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Genotypic Variations and Clinical Implications of JEV-Associated Peripheral Nerve Injury: A Commentary on Multicenter Findings from High-Endemic Regions. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-09 Liangping Zhang,Lei Pan,Rongqi Cao
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Unravelling distinct patterns of metagenomic surveillance and respiratory microbiota between two P1 genotypes of Mycoplasma pneumoniae. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-13 Hailong You,Bin Yang,Huifang Liu,Wencai Wu,Fei Yu,Nan Lin,WenJiao Yang,Bingxue Hu,Yong Liu,Hongyan Zou,Sijia Hao,Yunping Xiao,Teng Xu,Yanfang Jiang
To unravel distinct patterns of metagenomic surveillance and respiratory microbiota between Mycoplasma pneumoniae (M. pneumoniae) P1-1 and P1-2 and to explore the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on epidemiological features, we conducted a multicentre retrospective study which spanned 90,886 pneumonia patients, among which 3164 cases M. pneumoniae were identified. Our findings revealed a concurrent
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Emerging antifungal resistance in Trichophyton mentagrophytes: insights from susceptibility profiling and genetic mutation analysis. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Yakun Shao,Jin Shao,Sybren de Hoog,Paul Verweij,Lin Bai,Riina Richardson,Malcolm Richardson,Zhe Wan,Ruoyu Li,Jin Yu,Yinggai Song
ABSTRACTTrichophyton species, the leading cause of dermatophytosis globally, are increasingly resistant to antifungal treatments, concerns about effective management strategies. In light of the absence of established resistance criteria for terbinafine and azoles, coupled with a dearth of research on resistance mechanisms in Trichophyton, antifungal susceptibility and drug resistance gene diversity
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Novel digital droplet inverse PCR assay shows that natural clearance of hepatitis B infection is associated with fewer viral integrations. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-13 Dong Li,Vikki Ho,Chiao-Fang Teng,Hung-Wen Tsai,Yuanyuan Liu,Sarah Bae,Harout Ajoyan,Jochen M Wettengel,Ulrike Protzer,Brian S Gloss,Rebecca J Rockett,Rafid Al Asady,Jane Li,Simon So,Jacob George,Mark W Douglas,Thomas Tu
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) DNA integration into the host cell genome is reportedly a major cause of liver cancer, and a source of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg). High HBsAg levels can alter immune responses which therefore contributes to the progression of HBV-related disease. However, to what extent integration leads to the persistent circulating HBsAg is unclear. Here, we aimed to determine if
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An mpox quadrivalent mRNA vaccine elicits sustained and protective immunity in mice against lethal vaccinia virus challenge. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-22 Entao Li,Qiyuan Yang,Wenyu Xie,Qizan Gong,Xiaoping Guo,Jinge Zhou,Jiachen Zhang,Xia Chuai,Yucai Wang,Sandra Chiu
Assessing the long-term efficacy of MPXV vaccine candidates is crucial for the global response to the ongoing mpox epidemic. Built upon our previous study of the mpox quadrivalent mRNA vaccine, herein we reported that MPXV-1103 could elicit sustained humoral and cellular immunity in mice, including the induction of MPXV A35/B6/A29/M1-specific IgG antibodies, VACV neutralizing antibodies and activated
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A surrogate BSL2-compliant infection model recapitulating key aspects of human Marburg virus disease. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-12 Wanying Yang,Wujie Zhou,Bo Liang,Xiaojun Hu,Shen Wang,Zhenshan Wang,Tiecheng Wang,Xianzhu Xia,Na Feng,Yongkun Zhao,Feihu Yan
Marburg virus disease (MVD) is a severe infectious disease caused by the Marburg virus (MARV), posing a significant threat to humans. MARV needs to be operated under strict biosafety Level 4 (BSL-4) laboratory conditions. Therefore, accessible and practical animal models are urgently needed to advance prophylactic and therapeutic strategies for MARV. In this study, we constructed a recombinant vesicular
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Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus in Finland in 2021-2023 - Genetic diversity of the viruses and infection kinetics in human dendritic cells. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-10 Eda Altan,Veera Avelin,Kirsi Aaltonen,Essi Korhonen,Larissa Laine,Erika Lindh,Ilkka Julkunen,Niina Tammiranta,Tiina Nokireki,Tuija Gadd,Laura Kakkola,Tarja Sironen,Pamela Österlund
Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 is known for its virulence and zoonotic potential, infecting birds and mammals, thus raising public health concerns. Since 2021 its spread among birds has led to cross-species transmission causing epizootics among mammals, eventually impacting fur animal farms in Finland in 2023. To analyze the infectivity of the Finnish H5N1 isolates in human cells, representatives
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The epidemiology and gene mutation characteristics of pyrazinamide-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Southern China. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-08 Nan Wang,Fanrong Meng,Li Deng,Ling Wu,Yu Yang,Hua Li,Yuanjin Chen,Zeyou Wei,Bei Xie,Lan Gong,Qun Niu,Jie Lei,Junwen Gao,Bo Huang,Qi Wang,Xiaomin Lai,Zhihui Liu,Jinxing Hu
This study investigates the epidemic trend of pyrazinamide (PZA)-resistant tuberculosis in Southern China over 11 years (2012-2022) and evaluates the mutation characteristics of PZA resistance-related genes (pncA, rpsA, and panD) in clinical Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) isolates. To fulfil these goals, we analyzed the phenotypic PZA resistance characteristics of 14,927 clinical isolates
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SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43 regulate host m6A modification via activation of the mTORC1 signaling pathway to facilitate viral replication. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-02 Shixiong Zhou,Xianfeng Hui,Weiwei Wang,Chunbei Zhao,Meilin Jin,Yali Qin,Mingzhou Chen
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most prevalent post-transcriptional modification in eukaryotic RNA and is also present in various viral RNAs, where it plays a crucial role in regulating the viral life cycle. However, the molecular mechanisms through which viruses regulate host RNA m6A methylation are not fully understood. In this study, we reveal that SARS-CoV-2 and HCoV-OC43 infection enhance host
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Concurrent severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus outbreaks on multiple fox farms, China, 2023. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-12 Jian Sun,Lei Qian,Delong Li,Xiurong Wang,Hong Zhou,Cixiu Li,Edward C Holmes,Jianke Wang,Juan Li,Weifeng Shi
The role of farmed animals in the viral spillover from wild animals to humans is of growing importance. Between July and September of 2023 infectious disease outbreaks were reported on six Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus) farms in Shandong and Liaoning provinces, China, which lasted for 2-3 months and resulted in tens to hundreds of fatalities per farm. Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Virus
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To be or not to be phosphorylated: understanding the role of Ebola virus nucleoprotein in the dynamic interplay with the transcriptional activator VP30 and the host phosphatase PP2A-B56. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-12 Lennart Kämper,Ida Kuhl,Melina Vallbracht,Thomas Hoenen,Uwe Linne,Axel Weber,Petr Chlanda,Michael Kracht,Nadine Biedenkopf
Ebola virus (EBOV) transcription is essentially regulated via dynamic dephosphorylation of its viral transcription activator VP30 by the host phosphatase PP2A. The nucleoprotein NP has emerged as a third key player in the regulation of this process by recruiting both the regulatory subunit B56 of PP2A and its substrate VP30 to initiate VP30 dephosphorylation and hence viral transcription. Both binding
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The Prevalence of Low-level Viraemia and Its Association with Virological Failure in People Living With HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-27 Shengnan Zhao,Wenjing Wang,Sibo Li,Jiaze He,Wenshan Duan,Zhen Fang,Xiaoran Ma,Zhen Li,Caiping Guo,Wen Wang,Hao Wu,Tong Zhang,Xiaojie Huang
Low-level viraemia (LLV) following antiretroviral therapy (ART) in people living with HIV (PLWH) has not received sufficient attention. To the determine the prevalence of LLV and its association with virological failure (VF), we systematically reviewed evidence-based interventions for PLWH. We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to 22 May 2024. Cohorts with
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Precursor of H-type II histo-blood group antigen and subterminal sialic acids on gangliosides are significantly implicated in cell entry and infection by a porcine P[11] rotavirus. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-12 Miaomiao Yan,Ang Su,Denise Meyer,Gleyder Roman Sosa,Henrik Fritsch,Malte Pitters,Nicole Fischer,Georg Herrler,Paul Becher
Rotaviruses, non-enveloped viruses with a double-stranded RNA genome, are the leading etiological pathogen of acute gastroenteritis in young children and animals. The P[11] genotype of rotaviruses exhibits a tropism for neonates. In the present study, a binding assay using synthetic oligosaccharides demonstrated that the VP8* protein of P[11] porcine rotavirus (PRV) strain 4555 binds to lacto-N-neotetraose
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Genomic epidemiology and evolution of Bordetella pertussis under the vaccination pressure of acellular vaccines in Beijing, China, 2020-2023. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-08 Zhen Li,Fei Xiao,Yue Hou,Bin Jia,Ji Zhuang,Yang Cao,Jianxin Ma,Jianhong Zhao,Zengquan Xu,Zhe Jia,Fang Liu,Lin Pang,Jie Liu
Pertussis (or whooping cough) has experienced a global resurgence despite widespread vaccine efforts. In China, the incidence of pertussis has rapidly increased, particularly following the COVID-19 pandemic. Whole-genome sequencing analysis was performed on 60 Bordetella pertussis strains isolated in Beijing from 2020-2023, and the sequences were compared with those of 635 strains from China and 943
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Research progress and application prospects of animal models of group B Coxsackievirus infections. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-22 Shihan Weng,Rui Zhu,Yuanyuan Wu,Ningshao Xia,Longfa Xu,Tong Cheng
Group B Coxsackieviruses (CVBs) consist of six serotypes, CVB1 to CVB6, which can clinically affect the heart, brain, liver, pancreas and other organs, causing myocarditis, encephalitis, myelitis, pancreatitis, hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) and other diseases, and can even lead to death. CVBs are widespread globally and highly contagious. However, there are currently no approved CVB vaccines or
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Mosquito populations originating from nonendemic areas have the potential to transmit recently emerging Japanese encephalitis virus genotype IV. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-02 Astri Nur Faizah,Daisuke Kobayashi,Faustus Akankperiwen Azerigyik,Ryo Matsumura,Izumi Kai,Yoshihide Maekawa,Yukiko Higa,Kentaro Itokawa,Toshinori Sasaki,Kris Cahyo Mulyatno,Sri Subekti,Maria Inge Lusida,Etik Ainun Rohmah,Yasuko Mori,Yusuf Ozbel,Chizu Sanjoba,Tran Vu Phong,Tran Cong Tu,Shinji Kasai,Kyoko Sawabe,Haruhiko Isawa
Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) genotype IV (GIV) is one of the least common and most neglected genotypes worldwide, having been identified only on a few Indonesian islands until it was recently found to be the cause of outbreaks that occurred in several Australian states in early 2022. Given the limited availability of information, the vector range for JEV GIV remains unknown; thus, understanding
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A KSHV-targeted small molecule efficiently blocks SARS-CoV-2 infection via inhibiting expression of EGFR and Cyclin A2. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-19 Zhongwei Dong,Xinyu Wang,Gaowei Hu,Qingye Huang,Yulin Zhang,Yuping Jia,Shujuan Du,Caixia Zhu,Fang Wei,Daizhou Zhang,Yuyan Wang,Qiliang Cai
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has led to numerous cases of co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses, including Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), worldwide. This co-infection has increased patient mortality due to the lack of efficient bi-targeted drugs. Cambogin, a bioactive natural product, has been shown to effectively induce regression of KSHV-latently infected
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Preassembled complexes of hAgo2 and ssRNA delivered by nanoparticles: a novel silencing gene expression approach overcoming the absence of the canonical pathway of siRNA processing in the apicomplexan parasite Babesia microti, blood parasite of veterinary and zoonotic importance. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-06 Shimaa A E-S El-Sayed,Mohamed A Rizk,Hang Li,Uday Kumar Mohanta,Iqra Zafar,Shengwei Ji,Zhuowei Ma,Thom Do,Yongchang Li,Daisuke Kondoh,Jerzy Jaroszewski,Xuenan Xuan
Due to the lack of efficacy of the currently used chemical drugs, poor tick control, and lack of effective vaccines against Babesia, novel control strategies are urgently needed. In this regard, searching for anti-Babesia gene therapy may facilitate the control of this infection. Following this pattern, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) are widely used to study gene function and hence open the way to
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Emerging epidemic of the Africa-type plasmid in penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae in Guangdong, China, 2013-2022. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-26 Xiao-Lin Qin,Yang Chen,Xing-Zhong Wu,Wen-Tao Chen,Yao-Hua Xue,Jin-Mei Huang,San-Mei Tang,Yin-Yuan Lan,Zhan-Qin Feng,Han Zhou,Zi-Yan Zhang,Qing-Xian Zhan,Kui Cheng,He-Ping Zheng
The prevalence of penicillinase-producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae (PPNG) is a crucial public health concern because of its resistance to penicillin and cephalosporins. From 2013 to 2022, a total of 1748 N. gonorrhoeae isolates from Guangdong, China, were examined for their antibiotic susceptibility and molecular epidemiological characteristics. PPNG prevalence increased markedly from 37.25% to 63.87%
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Genomic characterizations of Klebsiella variicola: emerging pathogens identified from sepsis patients in Ethiopian referral hospitals. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-18 Melese Hailu Legese,Daniel Asrat,Adane Mihret,Badrul Hasan,Abraham Aseffa,Göte Swedberg
Healthcare in low- and middle-income countries is becoming problematic due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria causing serious morbidity and mortality. Klebsiella variicola carrying multiple antimicrobial resistance (AMR) genes were found significantly among sepsis patients in a study done between October 2019 and September 2020 at four Ethiopian hospitals located in the central (Tikur
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Marked neurotropism and potential adaptation of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4.b virus in naturally infected domestic cats. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-17 Shubhada K Chothe,Surabhi Srinivas,Sougat Misra,Noel Chandan Nallipogu,Elizabeth Gilbride,Lindsey LaBella,Swastidipa Mukherjee,Christian H Gauthier,Heidi L Pecoraro,Brett T Webb,James M Pipas,Santhamani Ramasamy,Suresh V Kuchipudi
In April 2024, ten cats died in a rural South Dakota (SD) residence, showing respiratory and neurological symptoms. Necropsy and laboratory testing of two cats confirmed H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b infection. The viral genome sequences are closely related to recent SD cattle H5N1 sequences. Cat H5N1 genomes had unique mutations, including T143A in haemagglutinin, known to affect infectivity and immune evasion
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Nationwide seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant and five Omicron sublineages in companion cats and dogs in the USA: insights into their role in COVID-19 epidemiology. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-11 Subarna Barua,Nneka Vivian Iduu,Daniel Felipe Barrantes Murillo,Asfiha Tarannum,Hill Dimino,Suchita Barua,Yue Shu,Calvin Johnson,Megan R Miller,Kelly Chenoweth,Peter Christopherson,Laura Huber,Theresa Wood,Kelley Turner,Chengming Wang
Understanding SARS-CoV-2 epidemiology in companion animals is critical for evaluating their role in viral transmission and their potential as sentinels for human infections. This large-scale serosurvey analyzed serum samples from 706 cats and 2,396 dogs collected across the USA in 2023 using a surrogate virus neutralization test (sVNT) to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Overall, 5.7% of cats and 4.7%
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Identification of cepharanthine as an effective inhibitor of African swine fever virus replication. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-05 Chuanxiang Qi,Jiyoung Lee,Yongqiang Zhang,Huan Chen,Jiaxuan Lv,Zhenzhong Wang,Jinming Li,Xiaodong Wu,Yong-Sam Jung,Zhiliang Wang,Yingjuan Qian
African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes highly contagious swine disease, African swine fever (ASF), thereby posing a severe socioeconomic threat to the global pig industry and underscoring that effective antiviral therapies are urgently required. To identify safe and efficient anti-ASFV compounds, a natural compound library was screened by performing an established cell-based ELISA in an ASFV-infected
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Utilizing wastewater surveillance to model behavioural responses and prevent healthcare overload during "Disease X" outbreaks. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-18 Wenxiu Chen,Wei An,Chen Wang,Qun Gao,Chunzhen Wang,Lan Zhang,Xiao Zhang,Song Tang,Jianxin Zhang,Lixin Yu,Peng Wang,Dan Gao,Zhe Wang,Wenhui Gao,Zhe Tian,Yu Zhang,Wai-Yin Ng,Tong Zhang,Ho-Kwong Chui,Jianying Hu,Min Yang
During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare systems worldwide faced severe strain. This study, utilizing wastewater virus surveillance, identified that periodic spontaneous avoidance behaviours significantly impacted infectious disease transmission during rapid and intense outbreaks. To incorporate these behaviours into disease transmission analysis, we introduced the Su-SEIQR model and validated it using
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Predictive metabolite signatures for risk of progression to active TB from QuantiFERON supernatants of household contacts of TB patients. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-22 Evangeline Ann Daniel,Shubham Upadhyay,Murugesan Selvachithiram,Sathyamurthi Pattabiraman,Brindha Bhanu,Amsaveni Sivaprakasam,Vandana Kulkarni,Rajesh Karyakarte,Sanjay Gaikwad,Mandar Paradkar,Shri Vijay Bala Yogendra Shivakumar,Vidya Mave,Amita Gupta,Keshava Prasad,Luke Elizabeth Hanna
The identification of individuals with the greatest risk of progression to active tuberculosis (TB) disease from the huge reservoir of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infected individuals continues to remain an arduous ascent in the global effort to control TB. In a two-year prospective study, we analysed metabolic profiles in the unstimulated and TB antigen stimulated QuantiFERON supernatants of
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Antimicrobial resistance in hypermucoviscous and non-hypermucoviscous Klebsiella pneumoniae: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-16 Hiroki Namikawa,Ken-Ichi Oinuma,Yukihiro Kaneko,Hiroshi Kakeya,Taichi Shuto
Antimicrobial resistance has recently increased due to emerging carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing strains of K. pneumoniae, especially among hypermucoviscous K. pneumoniae (hmKp) strains. To evaluate the prevalence of ESBL-producing and carbapenem-resistant strains in hmKp and non-hmKp clinical isolates through a systematic review and meta-analysis
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The E3 ligase RAD18-mediated ubiquitination of henipavirus matrix protein promotes its nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking and viral egress. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-09 Dongning Jin,Linliang Zhang,Cheng Peng,Mingbin He,Weiwei Wang,Zhifei Li,Cong Liu,Jinhong Du,Jin Zhou,Lei Yin,Chao Shan,Yali Qin,Mingzhou Chen
The nuclear-cytoplasmic trafficking of matrix proteins (M) is essential for henipavirus budding, with M protein ubiquitination playing a pivotal role in this dynamic process. Despite its importance, the intricacies of the M ubiquitination cascade have remained elusive. In this study, we elucidate a novel mechanism by which Nipah virus (NiV), a highly pathogenic henipavirus, utilizes a ubiquitination
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The westward spread dynamics of cholera from the eastern endemic Democratic Republic of the Congo. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-09 Harry César Ntumba Kayembe,Nadège Makuntima Taty,Hippolyte Nani-Tuma Situakibanza
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Susceptibility of calf lung slice cultures to H5N1 influenza virus. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-09 Kate Guilfoyle,Monica Mirolo,Geert van Amerongen,Guido van der Net,Mara Sophie Lombardo,Theresa Störk,Guus Rimmelzwaan,Martin Ludlow,Albert Osterhaus
ABSTRACTThe current outbreak of HPAI H5N1 virus infections in dairy cattle in the USA underscores the need for easily accessible methods to rapidly assess host susceptibility for infection with known and emerging influenza viruses. Here we show that ex vivo lung slice cultures from calves provide a useful method to rapidly screen host susceptibility to a range of influenza A viruses.
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West Nile Virus in a changing climate: epidemiology, pathology, advances in diagnosis and treatment, vaccine designing and control strategies, emerging public health challenges - a comprehensive review. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-02 Parminder Singh,Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib,Suhas Ballal,Mandeep Kaur,Deepak Nathiya,Shilpa Sharma,G V Siva Prasad,Aashna Sinha,Abhay M Gaidhane,Priyanka Mohapatra,Amit Varma,Sorabh Lakhanpal,Muhammed Shabil,Ganesh Bushi,Sanjit Sah,Hashem Abu Serhan
ABSTRACTWest Nile Virus (WNV), first identified in Uganda in 1937, remains a significant global health threat, adapting across diverse ecosystems and expanding geographically, particularly into temperate regions of Europe and North America. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the latest insights and challenges in WNV management, focusing on epidemiological trends, molecular advancements
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High-throughput single-cell analysis reveals Omp38-specific monoclonal antibodies that protect against Acinetobacter baumannii infection. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-17 Yiwei Zhang,Hao Cheng,Peng Yu,Shufeng Wang,Hui Dong,Song Lu,Ruiqi Yang,Baiqing Li,Jie Luo,Ruihan Mao,Zhaohui Zhang,Yong Qi,Xiaohua Chen,Jinya Ding,Zemin He,Jingbo Zhang,Tingting Zhao,Xiangmei Chen,Rong Lin,Haibo Li,Yi Tian,Yuzhang Wu
Infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii (A. baumannii) have emerged as a global public health concern because of high pathogenicity of this bacterium. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have a lower likelihood of promoting drug resistance and offer targeted treatment, thereby reducing potential adverse effects; however, the therapeutic potential of mAbs targeting A. baumannii has not been fully characterized
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Origin, pathogenicity, and transmissibility of a human isolated influenza A(H10N3) virus from China. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2024-12-09 Wenfei Zhu,Lei Yang,Xue Han,Min Tan,Shumei Zou,Xiyan Li,Weijuan Huang,Xiaoxu Zeng,Dayan Wang
Subtype H10 viruses are known to infect humans in Africa, Oceania, and Asia. In 2021, 2022, and recently in April 2024, a novel H10N3 subtype avian influenza virus was found cause human infection with severe pneumonia. Herein, we comprehensively studied the phylogenetic evolution and biological characteristics of the newly emerged influenza A(H10N3) virus. We found that the human isolated H10N3 virus
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CoronaVac-induced antibodies that facilitate Fc-mediated neutrophil phagocytosis track with COVID-19 disease resolution. Emerg. Microbes Infect. (IF 8.4) Pub Date : 2025-01-13 Chuang Li,Jie Yu,Rahma Issa,Lili Wang,Mingzhe Ning,Shengxia Yin,Jie Li,Chao Wu,Yuxin Chen
Although severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants raise concerns about decreased vaccine efficacy, vaccines continue to confer robust protection in humans, implying that immunity beyond neutralization contributes to vaccine efficacy. In addition to neutralization, antibodies can mediate various Fc-dependent effector functions, including antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis