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Wilson CA. New opportunities to prevent inequalities in child development? Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2025; published online April 7. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(25)00087-7—In this Comment, the third sentence of the second paragraph should read as follows: “Besides the more obvious criterion of temporality (cause occurring before effect), there is evidence of a biological gradient or dose–response

BackgroundMaternal diabetes might alter fetal brain development. However, well-designed systematic analyses are needed to comprehensively assess and quantify the association between maternal diabetes and neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. We aimed to synthesise and evaluate the available evidence on the effects of maternal diabetes on neurodevelopmental outcomes in children. MethodsFor this systematic

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BackgroundFor individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes, weight loss improves insulin sensitivity and β-cell function and can induce remission of diabetes. However, the long-term comparative effectiveness of standard gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy on remission of type 2 diabetes remains unclear. We aimed to compare the effects of gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy on type 2 diabetes remission

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BackgroundThe health risks of severe obesity can be reduced with metabolic and bariatric surgery, but it is uncertain which operation is most effective or cost-effective. We aimed to compare Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, adjustable gastric banding, and sleeve gastrectomy in patients with severe obesity. MethodsBy-Band-Sleeve is a pragmatic, multi-centre, open-label, randomised controlled trial conducted

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There is a well-established link between the severity of hypertriglyceridaemia and acute pancreatitis and long-term triglyceride-lowering therapies known to prevent episodes of acute pancreatitis. Therefore, it has been assumed, without firm evidence, that rapid lowering of plasma triglycerides would be an effective strategy for reducing the clinical severity of acute pancreatitis and improving health

Munshi M, Kahkoska AR, Neumiller JJ, et al. Realigning diabetes regimens in older adults: a 4S Pathway to guide simplification and deprescribing strategies. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2025; published online Feb 17 https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-8587(24)00372-3—In this Review, the email address of the corresponding author is mmunshi@bidmc.harvard.edu. This correction has been made to the online version

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Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare endocrine malignancy. The management of patients with adrenocortical carcinoma is challenging for several reasons, including its heterogeneous but frequently aggressive biological behaviour; tumour-related hormonal excess (eg, Cushing's syndrome or virilisation); the overall paucity of evidence regarding diagnostic investigation and treatment; the approval of only

Beran D, Bandini A, Bosi E, et al. Type 1 diabetes screening: need for ethical, equity, and health systems perspective. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2025; 13: 175–76—In this Correspondence, the spelling of author Marie-Anne Burckhardt's name was incorrect. This correction has been made to the online version as of March 6, 2025.

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Emerging Risk Factors Collaboration/EPIC-CVD/Vitamin D Studies Collaboration. Estimating dose-response relationships for vitamin D with coronary heart disease, stroke, and all-cause mortality: observational and Mendelian randomisation analyses. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12: e2–11—The appendix of this Article has been corrected as of March 5, 2025.

BackgroundGiven the cardiovascular, renal, and survival benefits of GLP-1 receptor agonists for diabetes, these agents could be effective among kidney transplant recipients. However, kidney transplant recipients are distinct from GLP-1 receptor agonist trial participants, with longer diabetes duration and severity, greater end-organ damage, increased cardiovascular risk, and multimorbidity. We examined

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BackgroundData on tirzepatide in Asian patients with obesity are limited. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of tirzepatide for treatment of Japanese patients with obesity disease (BMI ≥25 kg/m2 with excessive fat accumulation) as defined by the Japanese Society for the Study of Obesity. MethodsThis was a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial of the efficacy

Bodyweight loss is associated with type 2 diabetes remission; however, the quantitative relationship between the degree of bodyweight loss and the likelihood of remission, after controlling for confounding factors, remains unknown. We aimed to analyse the relationship between the degree of bodyweight loss and diabetes remission after controlling for various confounding factors, and to provide estimates

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Rubino F, Cummings DE, Eckel RH, et al. Definition and diagnostic criteria of clinical obesity. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2025; 13: 221–62—In this Commission, “Malaysian Association for the Study of Obesity (MASO) | Malaysia”, “Obesity Canada | Canada”, and “Sociedade Brasileira de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo (SBEM) | Brasil” should be present in Appendix 2 (Appendix 2.1 Table 1. Organisations that

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Eckard AR, Wu Q, Sattar A, et al. Once-weekly semaglutide in people with HIV-associated lipohypertrophy: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b single-centre clinical trial. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2024; 12: 523–34—In table 1, the number of participants in the placebo group listed as currently using tenofovir alafenamide has been corrected to 37 (69%). In the second paragraph of

A 2021 meta-analysis of 37 randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of vitamin D supplementation for prevention of acute respiratory infections (ARIs) revealed a statistically significant protective effect of the intervention (odds ratio [OR] 0·92 [95% CI 0·86 to 0·99]). Since then, six eligible RCTs have been completed, including one large trial (n=15 804). We aimed to re-examine the link between vitamin

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Treating older people with diabetes is challenging due to multiple medical comorbidities that might interfere with patients' ability to perform self-care. Most diabetes guidelines focus on improving glycaemia through addition of medications, but few address strategies to reduce medication burden for older adults—a concept known as deprescribing. Strategies for deprescribing might include stopping high-risk

Zimmermann AT, Lanzinger S, Kummernes SJ, et al. Treatment regimens and glycaemic outcomes in more than 100 000 children with type 1 diabetes (2013–22): a longitudinal analysis of data from paediatric diabetes registries. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2025; 13: 47–56—The appendix of this Article has been corrected as of Feb 17, 2025.

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Sodium–glucose co-transporter (SGLT)-2 inhibitors have shown consistent benefit in improving heart failure-related outcomes but not ischaemic cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction or stroke. We assessed if the dual SGLT1/2 inhibitor sotagliflozin improves ischaemic outcomes.

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Islet transplantation has the potential to cure type 1 diabetes by restoring endogenous insulin production. However, its success relies on balancing improved glycaemic control with the risks of immunosuppressive therapy. This study aimed to evaluate long-term outcomes of islet transplantation alone for type 1 diabetes, focusing on the effects of islet mass and immunosuppressive regimens on graft survival

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In the USA, the incidence of thyroid cancer increased rapidly for several decades, although some studies have suggested that it has now plateaued or even begun to decrease. We aimed to establish whether incidence in the USA has truly decreased or merely plateaued, and to understand some of the underlying factors driving these changes.

Yang J, Burrello J, Goi J, et al. Outcomes after medical treatment for primary aldosteronism: an international consensus and analysis of treatment response in an international cohort. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2025; 13: 119–33—In this Article, the spelling of author Ying Song's name was incorrect. In this Article, Jun Yang and Renata Libianto have been added to the affiliation, Department of Endocrinology

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Clinical guidelines in the UK and elsewhere do not specifically address hybrid closed loop (HCL) use in the postpartum period when the demands of caring for a newborn are paramount. Our aim was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of HCL use during the first 6 months postpartum compared with standard care.

Lerodalcibep, a small binding anti-PCSK9 protein (adnectin), showed effective LDL cholesterol reduction in heterozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of lerodalcibep and evolocumab in a globally diverse homozygous familial hypercholesterolaemia population.

The extent to which newer, incretin-based drugs for obesity improve disease outcomes via weight loss versus the direct effects of these drugs is the subject of intense interest. Although reductions in major adverse cardiovascular events appear to be predominantly driven by the direct tissue effects of such drugs, the associated weight loss effects must be relevant to the benefits observed in other

The hypothalamic–pituitary–thyroid axis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, risk stratification, effectiveness of radioiodine therapy, and treatment response evaluation in epithelial thyroid cancer. Supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine are used in patients with intermediate-risk and high-risk thyroid cancer to suppress thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to prevent tumour progression

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About half of patients with heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) have type 2 diabetes. In the STEP-HFpEF DM trial of adults with obesity-related HFpEF and type 2 diabetes, subcutaneous once weekly semaglutide 2·4 mg conferred improvements in heart failure-related symptoms and physical limitations, bodyweight, and other heart failure outcomes. We aimed to determine

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