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Scope on the Scalp: A Case of Pulmonary Infiltrates and a Scalp Lesion in a Neutropenic Host. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Fiona Murphy,Jack W McHugh,Ryan B Khodadadi,Omar M Abu Saleh
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State-of-the-Art Review: Complexities in Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections: A Contemporary Practical Approach Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Supavit Chesdachai, Larry M Baddour, Hussam Tabaja, Malini Madhavan, Nandan Anavekar, Brittany A Zwischenberger, Paola Anna Erba, Daniel C DeSimone
Cardiac implantable electronic device infections (CIEDIs) present substantial challenges for infectious diseases specialists, encompassing diagnosis, management, and complex decision making involving patients, families, and multidisciplinary teams. This review, guided by a common clinical case presentation encountered in daily practice, navigates through the diagnostic process, management strategies
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Fever and Rash in a Traveler Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Maithri Reddy, John Curtin
This Photo Quiz article presents a case of acute dengue fever in an American traveler returning from Puerto Rico. In addition to the relevant epidemiologic and medical history, a key finding that allowed clinical diagnosis of the infection was the characteristic rash (“isles of white in a sea of red”) that our patient manifested. This physical exam finding was documented and is featured prominently
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Executive Summary: State-of-the-Art Review: Complexities in Cardiac Implantable Electronic Device Infections: A Contemporary Practical Approach Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Supavit Chesdachai, Larry M Baddour, Hussam Tabaja, Malini Madhavan, Nandan Anavekar, Brittany A Zwischenberger, Paola Anna Erba, Daniel C DeSimone
Cardiac implantable electronic device infections (CIEDIs) present substantial challenges for infectious diseases specialists, encompassing diagnosis, management, and complex decision-making involving patients, families, and multidisciplinary teams. This review, guided by a common clinical case presentation encountered in daily practice, navigates through the diagnostic process, management strategies
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Long-COVID incidence proportion in adults and children between 2020 and 2024. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Hannah Mandel,Yun J Yoo,Andrea J Allen,Sajjad Abedian,Zoe Verzani,Elizabeth W Karlson,Lawrence C Kleinman,Praveen C Mudumbi,Carlos R Oliveira,Jennifer A Muszynski,Rachel S Gross,Thomas W Carton,C Kim,Emily Taylor,Heekyong Park,Jasmin Divers,J Daniel Kelly,Jonathan Arnold,Carol Reynolds Geary,Chengxi Zang,Kelan G Tantisira,Kyung E Rhee,Michael Koropsak,Sindhu Mohandas,Andrew Vasey,Abu Saleh Mohammad
BACKGROUND Incidence estimates of post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, also known as long-COVID, have varied across studies and changed over time. We estimated long-COVID incidence among adult and pediatric populations in three nationwide research networks of electronic health records (EHR) participating in the RECOVER Initiative using different classification algorithms (computable phenotypes)
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Coronavirus Disease 2019 Antiviral Medication Use Among Pregnant and Recently Pregnant US Outpatients. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Annette K Regan,Stacey L Rowe,Sheena G Sullivan,Matthew M Coates,Flor M Muñoz,Onyebuchi A Arah
BACKGROUND Pregnant people are at risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and associated complications. While withholding treatment from pregnant patients is not recommended, little is known about the frequency of antiviral medication use during pregnancy. METHODS Using Medicaid and commercial insurance databases, we constructed a national claims-based cohort study of pregnant, recently
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Long-Acting CAB Plus RPV: It's Not About Weight, It's About the Weight of the Evidence. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Jesús Troya,María Luisa Montes,Juan Emilio Losa,Luis Buzón-Martín
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Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Children Exposed to Human Immunodeficiency Virus and Antiretrovirals In Utero: A National Cohort Study in France Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-05 Mathis Collier, Laurent Chouchana, Pierre Frange, Jeanne Sibiude, Arnold Munnich, Jean Marc Treluyer, Stéphane Blanche
Background The health of children exposed but uninfected by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) requires long-term assessment, in particular in terms of neurological and cognitive development. Numerous confounding factors have hampered such assessment, and published data are contradictory. Methods Using data from the French National Health Data System from 2012 to 2022, we conducted a population-based
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Here's to a Future Beyond Reconstructive Surgery for Pelvic Osteomyelitis. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-04 Said El Zein,Matthew M Melin,Gina A Suh,N V Tran,Peter S Rose,Elie F Berbari
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Clinical Challenges of Pelvic Osteomyelitis Management in Stage IV Pressure Injuries. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Igor Melnychuk
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2024 Anal Cancer Screening Guidelines: Analysis of Clinical Performance and HRA Utilization in a large Cohort of Persons with HIV Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Michael Gaisa, Ashish Deshmukh, Keith Sigel, Yuxin Liu
Recently published anal cancer screening guidelines recommend five strategies for high-risk populations using combinations of cytology and high-risk HPV testing. Based on data from 1,223 persons with HIV, all triage and co-testing strategies outperformed cytology alone. High-risk HPV testing improved specificity and reduced high-resolution anoscopy referrals, essential for guideline implementation
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Non-invasive markers of hepatic steatosis and fibrosis following INSTI initiation in women with HIV Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Michael Andrew Yu, Logan Gerig, C Christina Mehta, Joffi Musonge-Effoe, Jessica A Alvarez, Igho Ofotokun, Anandi N Sheth, Mohammed K Ali, Thomas R Ziegler, Qian Yang, Amanda B Spence, Maria L Alcaide, Julie B Dumond, Alison G Abraham, Audrey L French, Michael Augenbraun, Kathryn Anastos, Jennifer C Price, Phyllis C Tien, Cecile D Lahiri
Background The impact of integrase strand-transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) on steatotic liver disease in women with HIV (WWH) is unknown. Methods Using data collected in the Women’s Interagency HIV Study from 2007-2020, change in Fibrosis-4 index (FIB4), aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index (APRI), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score (NFS) over 5 years was compared between
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Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG Antibody Titers in Cotemporary lots of Intravenous Immune Globulin and Fresh Frozen Plasma Compared to COVID Convalescent Plasma Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Ethan A Smith, Ginny M Javier, Ashrit Multani, Omer Eugene Beaird, Pryce Gaynor, Lauren Yanagimoto-Ogawa, Joanna Schaenman, Paul Allyn, George Alfarhat, Tara Vijayan, Alyssa Ziman, Omai Garner
Given declining COVID convalescent plasma (CCP) collection and increasing scarcity, we compared anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titers between CCP, intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP). Herein, we report comparative anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody titers between five lots of each blood product, using the DiaSorin Liaison® SARS-CoV-2 TrimericS IgG assay.
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Rethinking Antibiotic Prophylaxis for Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis in Patients with Cirrhosis: First, Do No Harm Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 J Daniel Markley, Jasmohan S Bajaj
Antibiotic prophylaxis for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBPPr) in patients with cirrhosis has been considered standard of care since the 1990s and is currently recommended by several major gastroenterological societies. However, the evidence supporting this practice is weak and there is no clear mortality benefit. The unintended consequences of this strategy are not insignificant, both at the
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HTLV screening of blood donations in England between 2002 and 2021 – Comparison of screening strategies Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-03 Heli Harvala, Katy Davison, Mhairi Webster, Claire Reynolds, Graham P Taylor
Background HTLV is associated with adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma and myelopathy. Here we present virological and epidemiological data on HTLV screening of blood donations in England between 2002 and 2021, implemented to prevent its transmission via blood transfusion. Methods Data on HTLV testing of blood donations was reviewed; it was initially conducted in pools (2002-2012) and subsequently using
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What’s Hot This Year in ID Clinical Science Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-02-01 Jeffrey A Freiberg, Patty W Wright
Clinical science in the field of infectious diseases moved at a rapid pace in 2024. Among the highlights were multiple trials of new antibiotics and new approaches to prevent infections. Concerning trends, with outbreaks of dengue, measles, mpox, and highly pathogenic avian influenza A in 2024, demonstrate the importance of infectious diseases and the continued need for further advances through clinical
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A pilot, randomized controlled trial of Dual Daily HIV and sexually transmitted infection pre-exposure prophylaxis using tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine and doxycycline in gay, bisexual and other men who have sex with men and transgender women: The DuDHS Study Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-30 Troy Grennan, Saira Mohammed, Joshua Edward, Tessa Tattersall, Amit K Gupta, Joyce Seto, Michelle Dennehy, Marc G Romney, Wendy Zhang, Jenny Li, Jason Trigg, Viviane D Lima, Stephen Juwono, Jason Wong, Guijun Zhang, Julio S G Montaner, Mark W Hull
Background Men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women experience high sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates. This study evaluated the feasibility of doxycycline pre-exposure prophylaxis (doxyPrEP) for STI prevention in these key populations. Methods Sexually-active MSM and transgender women without HIV with prior syphilis were recruited. Participants initiated HIV PrEP with tenofovir
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Efficacy, immunogenicity, and safety of an investigational maternal respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F protein-based vaccine. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-29 Peyman Banooni,Bernard Gonik,Cristina Epalza,Osvaldo Reyes,Shabir A Madhi,Grace Devota Gomez-Go,Khalequ Zaman,Conrado Juan Llapur,Eduardo López-Medina,Thorsten Stanley,Anu Kantele,Li-Min Huang,Marisa Márcia Mussi-Pinhata,Jonas Dewulf,Joanne M Langley,Claudia Seidl,Martin Ota,Martha Kirabo,Bruno Anspach,Ilse Dieussaert,Ouzama Henry,Joon Hyung Kim,Marta Picciolato
BACKGROUND In this phase 3 trial of an investigational maternal respiratory syncytial virus prefusion F protein-based vaccine (RSVPreF3-Mat), a higher rate of preterm birth was observed in the vaccine (6.8%) versus the placebo group (4.9%). Trial enrollment and vaccination were stopped. Results of investigations into this safety signal were reported previously. Here, we describe end-of-trial efficacy
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A New Choice for Doxycycline Prophylaxis. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-29 Jeffrey D Klausner
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Thigh Injections of Cabotegravir + Rilpivirine in Virally Suppressed Adults With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1: A Substudy of the Phase 3b ATLAS-2M Study. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-29 Susan L Ford,Franco Felizarta,Kelong Han,Kehui Wang,Herta Crauwels,Anna Dari,Mar Masia,Miguel Garcia Deltoro,Olaf Degen,Jonathan B Angel,Chiu-Bin Hsiao,Carolina Acuipil,Irina Kolobova,Conn Harrington,Kelly Rimler,William Spreen,Ronald D'Amico
BACKGROUND Cabotegravir + rilpivirine (CAB + RPV) administered via intramuscular gluteal injections is the first complete long-acting regimen for maintaining human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) virologic suppression. We present substudy results on short-term repeat intramuscular CAB + RPV long-acting thigh injections in participants with ≥3 years of experience with gluteal administration during
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Introducing Sofosbuvir/Velpatasvir + Ribavirin as a Generic Retreatment Regimen for Hepatitis C: Evaluation of a Government Program in Rwanda Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-29 Janvier Serumondo, Peter Barebwanuwe, Ephrem Daniel Sheferaw, Jeannette Iyonizera, Charles Berabose, Sabine Umuraza, Calliope Ntuyenabo, Kelly Reine Kwizera, Donatha Dushimiyimana, Justine Umutesi, Jean Damascene Kabakambira, Bobo Buya, Amy Azania, Caroline E Boeke, Alida Ngwije, Christian B Ramers, Gallican Rwibasira
Sofosbuvir/velpatasvir/voxilaprevir is recommended for hepatitis C virus (HCV) retreatment in those who fail initial treatment but is unavailable in resource-limited settings. We describe a government sofosbuvir/velpatasvir + ribavirin (SOF/VEL + RBV) × 24 weeks retreatment program in Rwanda (November 2021–October 2022). Of 231 participants, 174 were cured (75.3% intention-to-treat analysis). SOF/VEL
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Refractory and Resistant Herpes Simplex Virus Mucocutaneous Infections in Immunocompromised Patients: Literature Review and Proposed Definitions for Use in Clinical Trials Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-29 Roy F Chemaly, Tali Shafat, Anna Wald, Camille N Kotton, Genovefa Papanicolaou, Michelle K Yong, Veronica Miller, Takashi E Komatsu, Charu Mullick, Aimee C Hodowanec, Gabriel Westman, Fareed Khawaja, Alexander Birkmann, Per Ljungman
Herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection is one of the most prevalent viral infections worldwide. In general, host immunity is sufficient to clear viral shedding and recurrences, although it is insufficient to prevent subsequent virologic reactivations. In immunocompromised patients, prolonged and difficult-to-treat HSV infections may develop. The diagnosis of refractory HSV infection is based on the lack
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Association between Delayed Broad-Spectrum Gram-negative Antibiotics and Clinical Outcomes: How Much Does Getting It Right with Empiric Antibiotics Matter? Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Jonathan D Baghdadi, Katherine E Goodman, Laurence S Magder, Kimberly C Claeys, Mark E Sutherland, Anthony D Harris
Background Clinicians often start unnecessarily broad-spectrum empiric Gram-negative antibiotics out of the concern that delaying effective therapy could lead to a worse clinical outcome. This study examined the consequences of delayed initiation of broad-spectrum Gram-negative antibiotics. Methods In a retrospective cohort of adult inpatients from 928 US hospitals, we compared clinical outcomes after
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Policy Recommendations to Support Equitable Access to Long-Acting Injectables for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Prevention and Treatment: A Policy Paper of the Infectious Diseases Society of America and the HIV Medicine Association Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Julia L Marcus, Andrea Weddle, Colleen F Kelley, Allison Agwu, Sheila Montalvo, Elizabeth Sherman, Tara Vijayan, Jose Gutierrez, Matthew D Hickey, Samantha E Dilworth, Douglas Krakower, Teaniese L Davis, Lauren F Collins, Moira C McNulty, Jonathan A Colasanti, Katerina A Christopoulos
Long-acting injectables (LAIs) for HIV prevention and treatment could dramatically improve health outcomes and health equity for people with HIV and those who could benefit from pre-exposure prophylaxis. Despite widespread acceptability and demand by providers and potential users of LAIs, implementation has been extremely limited since the introduction of cabotegravir/rilpivirine, the first LAI for
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Comparative Outcomes of Babesiosis in Immunocompromised and Non-Immunocompromised Hosts: A Multicenter Cohort Study Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Loukas Kakoullis, Carolyn D Alonso, Rebecca Burns, Muneerah M Aleissa, Esther Arbona Haddad, Andy J Kim, Rebecca Rooks, Bridget Yates, Urwah Kanwal, Nicholas P Morreale, Alexandra Morgan, Ramy Arnaout, Alexandra Tong, Natalie E Izaguirre, Jessica S Little, Sarah P Hammond, Mary W Montgomery, Amy C Sherman, James H Maguire, Ann E Woolley, Lindsey R Baden, Nicolas C Issa, Courtney E Harris
Background Babesiosis poses significant risks of adverse outcomes in individuals with immunocompromising conditions (IC) and asplenia/hyposplenia (AH). This study compares clinical outcomes between these vulnerable groups and immunocompetent patients. Methods A multicenter retrospective cohort study included adult patients with laboratory-confirmed babesiosis from 2009 to 2023. Complications, management
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Population-Based Analysis of the Risk of Mycobacterial Infections Associated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-28 Marie Yan, Alejandro Hernandez, Kelvin K Chan, Matthew B Stanbrook, Phillip S Blanchette, James C Johnston, Samantha M Lee, Liane Macdonald, Melissa Richard-Greenblatt, Theodore K Marras, Sarah K Brode
In this population-based study, we examined the risk of nontuberculous mycobacterial disease associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors among people with cancer. Using a nested case-control design, we identified 184 cases and 714 matched controls; there was no significant association on conditional logistic regression (adjusted odds ratio, 0.51 [95% confidence interval, .17–1.50]; P = .22).
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Estimating the economic consequences of leveraging the novel cobas® HIV-1/HIV-2 Qualitative NAT Test in routine HIV testing Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-27 S Pinar Bilir, Pallavi Krishnamurthy, James K Karichu, Sara J Blosser, Debbie Hernandez, Tamar Tchelidze, Kwaku Tawiah, Cheryl P Ferrufino
Background Efficient and cost-effective testing strategies are needed to reduce HIV transmission. The aim of this study was to compare the costs of using the current CDC 3-step HIV algorithm - antigen/antibody screening, differentiation immunoassay (Geenius) and NAT against an alternative algorithm using a cobas® HIV-1/HIV-2 qualitative NAT. Methods A one-year cost calculator was developed from a US
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Translating PK-PD principles into improved methodology for clinical trials which compare intermittent with prolonged infusion of beta-lactam antibiotics Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-27 Alwin M Tilanus, Ryan K Shields, Thomas P Lodise, George L Drusano
Based on the fact that beta-lactam antibiotics demonstrate time-dependent killing, different dosing strategies have been implemented to increase the time that free (f) (unbound) antibiotic concentrations remain above the Minimal Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), including prolonged and continuous infusion. Multiple studies have been performed that compared continuous with traditional intermittent infusion
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Impact of fluconazole on outcomes of patients with primary pulmonary coccidioidomycosis: a commercial health insurance claims-based, propensity score matched analysis Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-23 Kaitlin Benedict, Ian Hennessee, Dallas J Smith, Mitsuru Toda, George R Thompson
Background Patients with pulmonary coccidioidomycosis often experience prolonged symptoms lasting weeks to months. Limited data exist regarding whether fluconazole prevents development of disseminated disease or shortens symptom duration. We describe factors associated with fluconazole receipt and assess its effect on outcomes among patients with pulmonary coccidioidomycosis. Methods Using the MerativeTM
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Safety and Tolerability of Pivmecillinam During More Than Four Decades of Clinical Experience: A Systematic Review Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-21 Keith S Kaye, Anne Santerre Henriksen, Morten Sommer, Niels Frimodt-Møller
The recent US Food and Drug Administration approval of pivmecillinam—an oral prodrug of the amidinopenicillin antibiotic mecillinam—presents a valuable opportunity to address the need for new treatments for uncomplicated urinary tract infection (uUTI). We report findings of a systematic literature review of the safety profile of pivmecillinam/mecillinam based on more than 40 years’ experience, mainly
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Linezolid Dosing and Pharmacokinetics in North American Patients with Tuberculosis Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-20 Nicole Maranchick, Charles A Peloquin, Connie A Haley
Introduction Linezolid is recommended in treatment regimens for rifampin- or multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis. However, considerable pharmacokinetic variability exists, and long-term use is limited by adverse effects. This study evaluates the pharmacokinetics of linezolid in patients with tuberculosis from an international therapeutic drug monitoring service. Methods Linezolid trough, 2-hour, and
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Natural History of Clostridioides difficile-related Disease Progression in the Two-Step Testing Era Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-20 Nicholas A Turner, Steven C Grambow, Chris Polage, David T Kuhar, Preeta K Kutty, Rebekah W Moehring, Deverick J Anderson
Importance The natural history of C. difficile progression in nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) positive, toxin enzyme immunoassay-negative patients remains poorly described. Better understanding risk for subsequent disease may improve prevention strategies. Objective Describe the natural history of C. difficile NAAT+/toxin- adults. Design A cohort of adults (≥18 years) tested for C. difficile
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Challenges and Opportunities in Leveraging Spectrum Scores to Assess Antibiotic De-escalation Practices and Outcomes in Sepsis. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-17 Kai Qian Kam,Michael Klompas,Chanu Rhee
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Reported Neurologic Manifestations Among Persons with Syphilis by Stage of Infection—12 States, 2019 –2022 Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-17 Sarah Wondmeneh, Robert McDonald, Laura A S Quilter, Kimberly Workowski, Elizabeth Torrone, David A Jackson
National case-based surveillance data show that reported neurologic manifestations of syphilis increased during 2019–2022 among persons with early and late-stage syphilis. Neurologic manifestations occurred across demographic groups and among those with and without HIV, highlighting the importance of evaluating for neurologic signs and symptoms in all persons with syphilis.
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Concordance of non-invasive plasma cell-free DNA with invasive diagnostics for diagnosis of invasive fungal disease Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-17 Anthony Lieu, Alex N Zimmet, Joseph Pozdol, Lauren E Kushner, Dora Ho, Niaz Banaei
Background Mold plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) PCR is a promising non-invasive diagnostic modality for early diagnosis of invasive mold disease (IMD) in immunocompromised patients. Although mold cfDNA PCR has been shown to be highly accurate, the value of invasive procedures to collect specimens for conventional fungal diagnostics following plasma cfDNA testing remains unclear. Methods This retrospective
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Low CD4+ cell counts linked to mortality after sustained virological response: evaluating interaction with liver stiffness vs. FIB-4. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Anaïs Corma-Gómez,Jésica Martín-Carmona,Juan A Pineda,Juan Macías
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Low CD4 cell count is associated with post-hepatitis C virus cure mortality in people living with HIV (ANRS CO13 HEPAVIH cohort). Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Tangui Barré,Clémence Ramier,Linda Wittkop,Philippe Sogni,David Zucman,Raphaëlle Tardieu,Patrizia Carrieri,Fabienne Marcellin,
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Correction to: Incidence of Tetanus and Diphtheria in Relation to Adult Vaccination Schedules. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-15
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Correction to: Unpasteurized Milk: A Continued Public Health Threat. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-15
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Impact of Fluconazole Resistance on the Outcomes of Patients With Candida parapsilosis Bloodstream Infections: A Retrospective Multicenter Study Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Antonio Vena, Giusy Tiseo, Marco Falcone, Claudia Bartalucci, Cristina Marelli, Mario Cesaretti, Vincenzo Di Pilato, Pilar Escribano, Arianna Forniti, Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Jesus Guinea, Alessandro Limongelli, Antonella Lupetti, Marina Machado, Malgorzata Mikulska, Jon Salmanton-García, Ana Soriano-Martin, Lucia Taramasso, Maricela Valerio, Emilio Bouza, Patricia Muñoz, Matteo Bassetti
Background This study assesses the impact of fluconazole resistance on 30-day all-cause mortality and 1-year recurrence in patients with Candida parapsilosis bloodstream infections (BSI). Methods A multicenter retrospective study was performed at 3 hospitals in Italy and Spain between 2018 and 2022. Adult patients with positive blood cultures for C. parapsilosis who received appropriate targeted therapy
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Improving UTI Diagnostics in Oncology: Reliability of Reflex Urine Culture in Immunosuppressed Neutropenic and Non-neutropenic Cancer Patients Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-15 Justin C Laracy, June L Chan, Rich Kodama, Judy Yan, Kevin M Raible, Kent Sepkowitz, Lauren McVoy, N Esther Babady, Mini Kamboj
Background Urinary tract infections are prone to overdiagnosis, and reflex urine culture protocols offer a valuable opportunity for diagnostic stewardship in this arena. However, there is no recommended standard testing approach. Cancer patients are often excluded from reflex urine culture protocols, especially if severely immunosuppressed or neutropenic. The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance
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High Time for Higher Dose Rifampin. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-10 Nicole F Maranchick,Charles Peloquin
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Predicting the risk of intensive care unit admission in patients with COVID-19 presenting in the emergency room: Development and evaluation of the CROSS score Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-10 Weiwei Xiang, Fridolin Steinbeis, Kiret Dhindsa, Florian Kurth, Tilman Lingscheid, Charlotte Thibeault, Hans-Jakob Meyer, Norbert Suttorp, Mirja Mittermaier, Melanie Stecher, Margarete Scherer, Marina Hagen, Lazar Mitrov, Ramsia Geisler, Katharina S Appel, Sina M Hopff, Carolin Koll, Susana M Nunes de Miranda, Christina Weismantel, Jens-Peter Reese, Peter Heuschmann, Olga Miljukov, Carolin Nürnberger
Background Existing risk evaluation tools underperform in predicting intensive care unit (ICU) admission for patients with the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to develop and evaluate an accurate and calculator-free clinical tool for predicting ICU admission at emergency room (ER) presentation. Methods Data from patients with COVID-19 in a nationwide German cohort (March 2020-January
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Epidemiology and Prognostic Factors Associated With Mold-Positive Blood Cultures: 10-Year Data From a French Prospective Surveillance Program (2012-2022). Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-09 Thiziri Tala-Ighil,Dea Garcia-Hermoso,Frédéric Dalle,Sophie Cassaing,Juliette Guitard,Karine Boukris-Sitbon,Thomas Obadia,Olivier Lortholary,Valérie Letscher-Bru,Marie-Pierre Ledoux,Taïeb Chouaki,Anne Pauline Bellanger,Célia Rouges,Marie Elisabeth Bougnoux,Maxime Moniot,Marc Pihet,Vincent Dubée,Frédéric Gabriel,Florent Morio,Lilia Hasseine,Christine Bonnal,Maud Gits-Muselli,Estelle Perraud-Cateau,Caroline
BACKGROUND While invasive fusariosis and lomentosporiosis are known to be associated with fungemia, overall data on mold-related fungemia are limited, hampering early management. This study aimed to describe the epidemiology of mold-positive blood cultures. METHODS Epidemiological and clinical data on mold-positive blood cultures from 2012 to 2022 were obtained from the RESSIF database. Pseudofungemia
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Consistently higher seroresponse to benzathine penicillin G (BPG) combined with doxycycline versus BPG alone for early syphilis. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-09 Kai-Hsiang Chen,Kuan-Yin Lin,Chien-Ching Hung
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Confounding could explain better sero-response of doxycycline/benzathine versus benzathine penicillin for syphilis. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-09 Chris Kenyon
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Safety, Efficacy and Pharmacokinetics of daily optimised doses of Rifampicin for the Treatment of Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-08 Juan Espinosa-Pereiro, Ana Aguiar, Eva Nara, Angelica Medina, Gladys Molinas, Margarida Tavares, Teresa Tortola, Samiksha Ghimire, Jan-Willem C Alfenaar, Marieke G G Sturkenboom, Cecile Magis-Escurra, Adrián Sánchez-Montalva, Henrique Barros, Raquel Duarte
Background Higher than standard doses of rifampicin could improve the treatment outcome of drug-susceptible tuberculosis without compromising the safety of patients. Methods We performed a systematic review of prospective clinical studies including adults with pulmonary and extrapulmonary TB receiving rifampicin doses above 10mg/kg/day. We extracted the data on overall adverse events (AE), hepatic
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Analysis of Repeat Hepatitis C Viremia After Sustained Virologic Response in a Large Cohort of U.S. Veterans Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-08 Alexander Matelski, Bruce Gregoire, Lauren A Beste, Cara D Varley, Elliott Lowy, Emily J Cartwright, Timothy R Morgan, David B Ross, Karine Rozenberg-Ben-Dror, Marissa M Maier
Background Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects >1% of the U.S. population, higher among U.S. Veterans. Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) medications are effective for viral cure, termed sustained virologic response (SVR), but repeat viremia after SVR is recognized. Prior work has been limited by use of electronic medical record data. We aim to better understand repeat viremia in the DAA era
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The Application of Suppressive Antibiotic Therapy for Implant-Related Infection. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-08 Xiang-Dong Wu,Yuhao Liu,Xing Wang
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Safety and efficacy of three alternative regimens against relapsing Plasmodium vivax malaria in glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient patients in the Brazilian Amazon (ALTPRIM) Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-07 Laila Barbosa, José Brito-Sousa, Cristiana Nascimento, Ana Pacheco, Márcia Alexandre, Aline Alencar, Marly Melo, Aretha Omena, Ingrid Souza, Emanuelle Silva, Michael Queiroz, Vitória Siqueira, Cristina Rabelo, Djane Baía-da-Silva, Débora Silva, Yasmin Rocha, Antônio Barbosa, Ramon Castro, Anne Almeida, Marcelo Brito, Adriana Lopes, Antônio Balieiro, Mônica Costa, Thais Amaral, Cristiane Valle, Alexia
Background Daily primaquine-induced hemolysis is a common cause of complications during Plasmodium vivax malaria treatment in individuals with glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd). Alternative regimens balancing safety and efficacy are needed. Methods G6PDd participants with P. vivax malaria from two sites in Brazilian Amazon between 2018 and 2022 were randomly allocated to three study
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Predictors of Cryptococcus gattii clinical presentation and outcome: An international study Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-07 Eleni Galanis, Laura MacDougall, Caren Rose, Sharon C-A Chen, Hanna N Oltean, Paul R Cieslak, Emilio DeBess, Mei Chong, Tania C Sorrell, John W Baddley, Linda Hoang, Shawn R Lockhart, Peter G Pappas, Peter Phillips
Background Infection by Cryptococcus gattii can lead to pulmonary or central nervous system (CNS) disease, or both. Whether site of infection and disease severity are associated with C. gattii species and lineages or with certain underlying medical conditions, or both is unclear. We conducted a retrospective cohort study to identify factors associated with site of infection and mortality among C. gattii
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Safety of Triple-Dose Rifampin in Tuberculosis Treatment: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-04 Omri A Arbiv, Thomas Holmes, Marie JeongMin Kim, Marie Yan, Kamila Romanowski, Sarah K Brode, William J Burman, Dick Menzies, James C Johnston
Background There is growing interest in using high-dose rifampin for tuberculosis treatment. Recent studies suggest that triple-dose rifampin (TDR; ≥30 mg/kg/day) may be unsafe. We updated a systematic review to investigate the safety and efficacy of TDR. Methods We searched Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Registry of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database for Systematic Reviews and clinicaltrials
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Development of a reference standard to assign bacterial versus viral infection etiology using an all-inclusive methodology for comparison of novel diagnostic tool performance Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-03 Coburn Allen, J Kate Deanehan, Yaniv Dotan, Matthew A Eisenberg, Andrew M Fine, Jonathan Isenberg, Ann Kane, Dani Kirshner, Todd W Lyons, Yasmin Maor, Ami Neuberger, Daniel G Ostermayer, Sharona Paz, Oded Scheuerman, Shahaf Shiber, Victoria A Statler, Michal Stein, Renata Yakubov, Shirly Yanai, Roy Navon, Lior Kellerman, Tanya M Gottlieb, Eran Eden
Background Diagnostic test evaluation requires a reference standard. We describe an approach for creating a reference standard for acute infection using unrestricted adjudication and apply it to compare biomarker tools. Methods Adults and children with suspected acute infection enrolled in three prospective studies at emergency departments and urgent cares were included. Adjudicators, blinded to C-reactive
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Clinical characterisation and outcomes of human clade IIb mpox virus disease - a European multicentre observational cohort study (MOSAIC). Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-03 Elise Pesonel,Cédric Laouénan,Laetitia Guiraud,Josephine Bourner,Isabelle Hoffmann,Diana Molino,Coralie Tardivon,Delphine Bachelet,France Mentré,Alain Amstutz,Laura Merson,Amanda Rojek,Minerva Cervantes Gonzalez,Andrea Antinori,Antonella Castagna,Silvia Nozza,Valérie Pourcher,Agnès Libois,Jake Dunning,Evelina Tacconelli,Maya Hites,Fernando De La Calle Prieto,Peter Horby,Yazdan Yazdanpanah,Alexandra
BACKGROUND The global mpox outbreak which started in May 2022 was caused by a novel clade IIb variant of the mpox virus (MPXV). It differed from the traditional Western and Central Africa disease in transmission patterns and clinical presentation. METHODS To address the need for detailed clinical and virologic data, we conducted an observational cohort study (MOSAIC) during May 2022-July 2023 in individuals
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Incidence and outcome of hepatitis D virus infection in people with HIV in the era of tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2025-01-02 Yu-Shan Huang, Hsin-Yun Sun, Shu-Yuan Ho, Kuan-Yin Lin, Wang-Da Liu, Wang-Huei Sheng, Szu-Min Hsieh, Yu-Chung Chuang, Li-Hsin Su, Yi-Ching Su, Wen-Chun Liu, Sui-Yuan Chang, Chien-Ching Hung
Background Tenofovir-containing antiretroviral therapy (ART) improves survival in HBV-coinfected people with HIV (PWH). We investigated the incidence of HDV infection and its clinical impact in HBV-coinfected PWH in the era of tenofovir-containing ART. Methods Between 2011 and 2022, HBV-coinfected PWH were included and followed until December 2023. Anti-HDV antibody screening was performed using sequentially
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Trial versus real world circumstances and how to interpret pharmacokinetic data. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-30 Lena van der Wekken-Pas,Fabian Weiss,Charlotte Simon-Zuber,Rena Sebisch,Carmen Wiese,Elisabeth van Leeuwen,David Burger,Angela Colbers
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A generalisable risk factor: Socioeconomic status and multi-resistant organism colonisation. Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-30 Christina Gao,Shirajh Satheakeerthy,Carolyn Qian,Brittany Suann,Christina Guo,Andrew E C Booth,Sarah Howson,Shaun Evans,Brandon Stretton,Weng Onn Chan,Alyssa Pradhan,Stephen Bacchi
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Rapid Selection of HIV-2 Capsid Mutations in Salvage Therapy with Lenacapavir-Containing Regimen Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-30 Thomas Montrouge, Mélanie Bertine, Gilles Peytavin, Thibault Saint Joannis, Antoine Bachelard, Pierre De Truchis, Sylvie Lariven, Philippe Morlat, Cécile Pouderoux, Florence Damond, Naomi Sayre, Roland Tubiana, Nadia Valin, Charlotte Charpentier, Diane Descamps, Jade Ghosn, Quentin Le Hingrat
Lenacapavir is the first capsid inhibitor, its use is currently approved for multidrug resistant HIV-1 infection. We report that, despite an initial efficacy of a LEN-containing regimen in patients with multi-drug resistant HIV-2 viruses, virological suppression was not achieved after a year and most patients selected capsid drug-resistance associated mutations.
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HIV-1 Viremia and Cancer Risk in 2.8 Million People: the South African HIV Cancer Match Study Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-30 Yann Ruffieux, Judith Mwansa-Kambafwile, Carole Metekoua, Tinashe Tombe-Nyahuma, Julia Bohlius, Mazvita Muchengeti, Matthias Egger, Eliane Rohner
Background Most research on HIV-1 viremia and cancer risk is from high-income countries. We evaluated the association between HIV-1 viremia and the risk of various cancer types among people with HIV (PWH) in South Africa. Methods We analysed data from the South African HIV Cancer Match study, based on laboratory measurements from the National Health Laboratory Services and cancer records from the National
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Evaluating Harms Associated with Prolonged Antibiotic Duration of Therapy in Community Dwelling Older Adults: A Cohort Study using Instrumental Variable Analysis Clin. Infect. Dis. (IF 8.2) Pub Date : 2024-12-30 Bradley J Langford, Kevin A Brown, Cindy Lau, Andrew Calzavara, Carsten Krueger, Valerie Leung, Nick Daneman, Kevin L Schwartz
Background Shorter courses of antibiotic therapy are increasingly recommended to reduce antibiotic exposure. However quantifying the real-world impact of duration of therapy is hindered by bias common in observational studies. We aimed to evaluate the harms and benefits of longer versus shorter duration of therapy in older adults. Methods This was a population-based cohort study using administrative