To determine temporal trends in the incidence of cardiac arrest occurring in the ICU (ICU-CA) and its associated long-term mortality.

Clinical quality registries (CQRs) have been implemented worldwide by several medical specialties aiming to generate a better characterization of epidemiology, treatments, and outcomes of patients. National ICU registries were created almost 3 decades ago to improve the understanding of case-mix, resource use, and outcomes of critically ill patients. This narrative review describes the challenges,

Interleukin-18 (IL-18) plasma level and latent class analysis (LCA) have separately been shown to predict prognosis and treatment response in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). IL-18 is a measure of inflammasome activation, a pathway potentially distinct from inflammation captured by biomarkers defining previously published LCA classes. We hypothesized that elevated IL-18 would identify distinct

High mechanical power and driving pressure (ΔP) have been associated with postoperative respiratory failure (PRF) and may be important parameters guiding mechanical ventilation. However, it remains unclear whether high mechanical power and ΔP merely reflect patients with poor respiratory system mechanics at risk of PRF. We investigated the effect of mechanical power and ΔP on PRF in cohorts after exact

To identify cytokine signature clusters in patients with septic shock.

Peripheral venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with femoral access is obtained through unilateral or bilateral groin cannulation. Whether one cannulation strategy is associated with a lower risk for limb ischemia remains unknown. We aim to assess if one strategy is preferable.

Analysis of the prevalence and risk factors for weaning failure from venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO) in patients with severe acute respiratory insufficiency.

To assess the value of machine learning approaches in the development of a multivariable model for early prediction of ICU death in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

The objective of this study was to compare pain control and opioid consumption in critically ill patients who were treated with buprenorphine sublingual or oxycodone oral/enteral during ICU admission.

Seizures and status epilepticus (SE) are frequent complications of acute subdural hematoma (aSDH) associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether invasive subdural electroencephalogram recording leads to earlier seizure detection and treatment initiation in patients with aSDH.

To define healthcare trajectories after tracheostomy to inform shared decision-making efforts for critically ill patients.

To address areas in which there is no consensus for the technologies, effort, and training necessary to integrate and interpret information from multimodality neuromonitoring (MNM).

The effectiveness of CytoSorb at removing inflammatory mediators in critically ill patients is controversial.

Impaired nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability may contribute to microvascular dysfunction in sepsis. Excessive plasma NO consumption has been attributed to scavenging by circulating cell-free hemoglobin. This may be a mechanism for NO deficiency in sepsis and critical illness. We hypothesized that plasma NO consumption is high in critically ill patients, particularly those with sepsis, acute respiratory

To determine whether multisite versus single-site dual-lumen (SSDL) cannulation is associated with outcomes for COVID-19 patients requiring venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV-ECMO).

To examine whether an ultrasound-guided infraclavicular cannulation of the axillary artery is noninferior to an ultrasound-guided cannulation of the common femoral artery for arterial catheter placement in critically ill patients.

In high-income countries (HICs), sepsis endotypes defined by distinct pathobiological mechanisms, mortality risks, and responses to corticosteroid treatment have been identified using blood transcriptomics. The generalizability of these endotypes to low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the global sepsis burden is concentrated, is unknown. We sought to determine the prevalence, prognostic

ICU resource strain leads to adverse patient outcomes. Simple, well-validated measures of ICU strain are lacking. Our objective was to assess whether the "Activity index," an indicator developed during the COVID-19 pandemic, was a valid measure of ICU strain.

Sepsis-associated immune suppression correlates with poor outcomes. Adult trials are evaluating immune support therapies. Limited data exist to support consideration of immunomodulation in pediatric sepsis. We tested the hypothesis that early, persistent lymphopenia predicts worse outcomes in pediatric severe sepsis.

Patient-ventilator asynchrony is often observed during mechanical ventilation and is associated with higher mortality. We hypothesized that patient-ventilator asynchrony causes lung and diaphragm injury and dysfunction.

Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX)-associated severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has gone underrecognized. We propose the first disease definition and clinical evaluation for a novel adverse drug reaction (ADR) based on a series of recently identified rare cases of life-threatening ADRs.

Serum procalcitonin is often ordered at admission for patients with suspected sepsis and bloodstream infections (BSIs), although its performance characteristics in this setting remain contested. This study aimed to evaluate use patterns and performance characteristics of procalcitonin-on-admission in patients with suspected BSI, with or without sepsis.

To identify and validate novel COVID-19 subphenotypes with potential heterogenous treatment effects (HTEs) using electronic health record (EHR) data and 33 unique biomarkers.

To determine if angiotensin II is associated with improved outcomes as measured by 30- and 90-day mortality as well as other secondary outcomes such as organ dysfunction and adverse events.

To evaluate the 30-day postoperative mortality and palliative care consultations in patients that underwent surgical procedures in the United States before and after Medicare Access and Children's Health Insurance Program Reauthorization Act (MACRA) implementation.

Hedge language is a category of language that refers to words or phrases that make statements "fuzzier." We sought to understand how physicians use hedge language during goals-of-care conferences in the ICU.

This study aimed to examine the association between ABCDEF bundles and long-term postintensive care syndrome (PICS)-related outcomes.

Regionalized sepsis care could improve sepsis outcomes by facilitating the interhospital transfer of patients to higher-capability hospitals. There are no measures of sepsis capability to guide the identification of such hospitals, although hospital case volume of sepsis has been used as a proxy. We evaluated the performance of a novel hospital sepsis-related capability (SRC) index as compared with

To compare respiratory system compliance (Crs) calculation during controlled mechanical ventilation (MV) and, subsequently, during assisted MV.

To describe the factors affecting critical care capacity and how critical care organizations (CCOs) within academic centers in the U.S. flow-size critical care resources under normal operations, strain, and surge conditions.

To determine the differences between the quality of life for sepsis and nonsepsis survivors, factors affecting the quality of life for sepsis survivors, and their changes over time.

For COVID-19-related respiratory failure, noninvasive respiratory assistance via a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), helmet, and face-mask noninvasive ventilation is used. However, which of these options is most effective is yet to be determined. This study aimed to compare the three techniques of noninvasive respiratory support and to determine the superior technique.

To identify the best population, design of the intervention, and to assess between-group biochemical separation, in preparation for a future phase III trial.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a feared complication of COVID-19. To characterize the risks and outcomes associated with fibrotic-like radiographic abnormalities in patients with COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and chronic critical illness.

Prone positioning for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) has historically been underused, but was widely adopted for COVID-19-associated ARDS early in the pandemic. Whether this successful implementation has been sustained over the first 3 years of the COVID-19 pandemic is unknown. In this study, we characterized proning use in patients with COVID-19 ARDS from March 2020 to December 2022.

To determine if initial fluid resuscitation with balanced crystalloid (e.g., multiple electrolytes solution [MES]) or 0.9% saline adversely affects kidney function in children with septic shock.

Iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome (IWS) associated with opioid and sedative use for medical purposes has a reported high prevalence and associated morbidity. This study aimed to determine the prevalence, utilization, and characteristics of opioid and sedative weaning and IWS policies/protocols in the adult ICU population.

To determine the effectiveness and safety of ciprofol for sedating patients in ICUs who required mechanical ventilation (MV).

Moral case deliberation (MCD) is a team-based and facilitator-led, structured moral dialogue about ethical difficulties encountered in practice. This study assessed whether offering structural MCD in ICUs reduces burnout symptoms and moral distress and strengthens the team climate among ICU professionals.

To characterize and compare trends in ICU admission, hospital outcomes, and resource utilization for critically ill very elderly patients (≥ 80 yr old) compared with the younger cohort (16-79 yr old).

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with high ventilation-perfusion heterogeneity and dead-space ventilation. However, whether the degree of dead-space ventilation is associated with outcomes is uncertain. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated the ability of dead-space ventilation measures to predict mortality in patients with ARDS.

To determine the impact of high doses of corticosteroids (HDCT) in critically ill COVID-19 patients with nonresolving acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) who had been previously treated with dexamethasone as a standard of care.

To study ICU trials published in the four highest-impact general medicine journals by comparing them with concurrently published non-ICU trials in the same journals.

Objectives:  Although COVID-19 vaccines can reduce the need for intensive care unit admission in COVID-19, their effect on outcomes in critical illness remains unclear. We evaluated outcomes in vaccinated patients admitted to the ICU with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections and the association between vaccination and booster status on clinical outcomes. Design: 

Objectives:  To review a contemporary approach to the management of patients with cardiogenic shock (CS). Data Sources:  We reviewed salient medical literature regarding CS. Study Selection:  We included professional society scientific statements and clinical studies examining outcomes in patients with CS, with a focus on randomized clinical trials. Data Extraction:  We extracted salient study results

To determine whether an under-the-nose face mask (FM) as the first-line interface strategy reduces the incidence of facial pressure sores with the same clinical improvement as the one obtained by standard over-the-nose face mask-noninvasive ventilation (FM-NIV) in patients with acute hypercapnic respiratory failure (AHRF).

We summarize the existing data on the occurrence of physical, emotional, and cognitive dysfunction associated with postintensive care syndrome (PICS) in adult survivors of venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO).

To investigate temporal trends and outcomes associated with early antibiotic prescribing in patients hospitalized with COVID-19.

Grief-related psychological distress often co-occurs to conjointly impair function during bereavement. Knowledge of comorbid grief-related psychological distress is limited: no longitudinal study has examined dynamic patterns of co-occurring prolonged grief disorder (PGD), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and depression, and previous assessment time frames have been variable and potentially inadequate

Evidence supporting glutamine supplementation in severe adult burn patients has created a state of uncertainty due to the variability in the treatment effect reported across small and large randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We aimed to systematically review the effect of glutamine supplementation on mortality in severe adult burn patients.

To assess the association between levels of intensive care and in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalized for sepsis, stratified by Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score at admission.

To assess the incidence, risk factors, and outcomes of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the ICU and to describe current practice in the management of AF.

To provide a concise review of knowledge and practice pertaining to the diagnosis and initial management of unanticipated adult patient disorders of consciousness (DoC) by the general intensivist.

OBJECTIVES:  To examine cerebrovascular pressure reactivity index (PRx) in a large cohort of children with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI) in association with physiologic variables and outcome. DESIGN:  Retrospective observational cohort study. SETTING:  Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital in Cape Town, South Africa. PATIENTS:  Pediatric (≤ 14 yr old) sTBI patients with intracranial pressure

OBJECTIVES:  The weaning according to a new definition (WIND) classification groups mechanically ventilated (MV) patients into “short weaning,” “difficult weaning,” “prolonged weaning,” and “no weaning.” The aims of the study were: 1) to describe the weaning group distribution, 2) to evaluate if “short weaning” patients can be divided into groups with distinct characteristics and outcomes depending

OBJECTIVES:  With the recognition that fluid overload (FO) has a detrimental impact on critically ill children, the critical care nephrology community has focused on identifying clinically meaningful targets for intervention. The current study aims to evaluate the epidemiology and outcomes associated with FO in an international multicenter cohort of critically ill children. The current study also aims

OBJECTIVES:  To determine the prevalence and outcomes associated with hemorrhage, disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and thrombosis (HECTOR) complications in ICU patients with COVID-19. DESIGN:  Prospective, observational study. SETTING:  Two hundred twenty-nine ICUs across 32 countries. PATIENTS:  Adult patients (≥ 16 yr) admitted to participating ICUs for severe COVID-19 from January 1, 2020

OBJECTIVES:  To develop and externally validate a prediction model for ICU survivors’ change in quality of life 1 year after ICU admission that can support ICU physicians in preparing patients for life after ICU and managing their expectations. DESIGN:  Data from a prospective multicenter cohort study (MONITOR-IC) were used. SETTING:  Seven hospitals in the Netherlands. PATIENTS:  ICU survivors greater

OBJECTIVES:  We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effectiveness of real-time dynamic ultrasound-guided subclavian vein cannulation as compared to landmark technique in adult patients. DATA SOURCES:  PubMed and EMBASE until June 1, 2022, with the EMBASE search restricted to the last 5 years. STUDY SELECTION:  We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the two

OBJECTIVES:  We performed a systemic review and meta‐analysis to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of monocyte distribution width (MDW) and to compare with procalcitonin and C‐reactive protein (CRP), in adult patients with sepsis. DATA SOURCES:  A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library to identify all relevant diagnostic accuracy studies published before